DiH: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum
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The The Appointment of Active Indonesian National Armed Force as Acting Regional Heads Based on Good Governance Principles
No full textThe 2024 Regional Election are the first time simultaneous national Regional Election have been held. As a result, 271 regional head positions are vacant due to the expiration of their term of office. Acting Regional Heads were appointed to fill in temporarily. One of the polemics is that an active Indonesian National Armed Force’s member was appointed as Acting Regent of West Seram. This research is a normative juridical research with statutory, conceptual, and historical approaches. The results showed that the Good Governance Principles has been regulated in Law Number 28 of 1999 concerning Clean and Free State Administration from Corruption, Collusion and Nepotism and Law Number 30 of 2014 concerning Government Administration, which when juxtaposed, there is 1 principle in common, namely the principle of legal certainty. The appointment of active Indonesian National Armed Force as Acting Regional Heads is not by the principle of legal certainty. The appointment contrary to Article 47 paragraph (1) of the Law Number 34 of 2004 concerning the Indonesian National Armed Force as the “lex specialis”. The appointment is also not by the Good Governance Principles construction in Article 10 of the Law 30/2014 because it violates the principle of legal certainty, accuracy, not abusing authority, openness, and good service. It is recommended that the Government in making the appointment of Acting Regional Heads should be guided by the Good Governance Principles and provide opportunities for the people to be involved so becomes more transparent and by democratic values
Towards Economic Optimization: Evaluating The Impact of Legal Changes
Full text linkRestorative justice symbolizes a paradigm shift in enforcing criminal laws, right from focusing on penalizing the offenders to attending to mending the damages caused by crime while promoting reconciliation and restoration of relations within the society, has been found as well in the context of taxation to address violations of tax regulations. Tax law enforcement with a Restorative justice approach is considered to provide a more comprehensive and sustainable solution in dealing with violations. Dispute resolution is focused on reconciling the parties, in this case between the state which is positioned as a victim and the party who committed the violation, this is done to create a better compliance climate and reduce protracted problems. This journal article is prepared in order to analyse the impact of the implementation of Restorative justice regulated in the Law Harmonisation of Taxation Regulations. By using a doctrinal legal research method based on theory and application to regulations, it is hoped that the results of theoretical analysis based on the principle of restorative justice and the economic analysis of law approach can provide further insight into how Restorative justice applied as a law enforcement approach, especially in the field of taxation, can benefit the state as an effort to achieve harmonisation of tax regulations and their efficiency for sustainable economic
The The Urgency of Arrangement Regarding Immaterial Compensation in Civil Law in Indonesia
No full textTulisan ini bertujuan menganalisis lingkup ganti rugi immateriil dalam putusan pengadilan serta perbandingan ganti rugi dalam KUHPerdata dan NBW. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode yuridis normatif, yang bersifat analitis preskriptif, denganpendekatan undang-undang, kasus, dan perbandingan hukum. Tulisan ini tidak hanya membahas ganti rugi immateriil menurut KUHPerdata atas dasar tanggung jawab perbuatan melawan hukum saja, tetapi juga akan dibahas ganti rugi immateriil atas dasartanggung jawab kontraktual, serta perbandingannya dengan ketentuan dalam NBW. Berdasarkan putusan yang dianalisis, lingkup ganti rugi immateriil adalah adanya rasa trauma, terciderainya psikologis, tercemarnya nama baik. Lingkup lainnya menurut Arrest Hooge Raad dan yurisprudensi yaitu kehilangan kenikmatan atas suatu ketenangan yang disebabkan tetangganya atau berkurangnyakenikmatan orang atas hak-haknya atas kekayaannya, penderitaan akibat kecelakaan dan hilangnya kebahagiaan hidup. Perbandingan terkait ganti rugi dalam KUHPerdata dan NBW yaitu, mengenai persamaan, bahwa sifat pengaturan ganti rugi yang merupakan hukum pelengkap, prinsip ganti rugi mengembalikan keadaan seakan tidak terjadi wanprestasi/PMH, adanya hubungan kausal antara kerugian dan kesalahan/ wanprestasi, serta adanya kebebasan hakim dalam menilai besaran ganti rugi. Perbedaanya, bahwa NBW mengaturganti rugi secara umum yang dapat diterapkan terhadap jenis pertanggungjawaban dalam NBW, ganti rugi dalam NBW terdiri dari materiil dan immateriil (termasuk penjelasan lingkupnya), NBW mengatur bentuk ganti rugi, adanya wewenang hakim dalam menilainominal ganti rugi yang disepakati para pihak, kerugian yang mungkin timbul dikemudian hari termasuk jika ada klaim asuransi, pihak ketiga yang ikut dirugikan, serta pihak yang dapat mengajukan ganti rugi.
Kata kunci: ganti rugi; immateriil; pengaturan
Abstract
This paper aims to analyze the scope of immaterial compensation in court decisions as well as a comparison of compensation in the Civil Code and NBW. The research method used is normative juridical method, prescriptive analytical, with statutory, case and comparative law approaches. This paper does not only discuss immaterial compensation according to the Civil Code based on unlawful actsresponsibility, but also discusses immaterial compensation based on contractual responsibility, as well as its comparison with the provisions in the NBW. Based on the court decisions analyzed, the scope of immaterial compensation is the existence of trauma, psychological injury, and defamation of reputation. Another scope according to Arrest Hooge Raad and jurisprudence is losing the enjoyment of a peace caused by neighbors or reduced enjoyment of people over their rights of their wealth, suffering due to accidents and loss of happiness in life. Comparisons related to compensation in the Civil Code and NBW are, regarding similarities, that the nature of compensation arrangements is a complementary law, the principle of compensation is to return the situation as if there was no default/tort, there is a causal relationship between losses and mistakes/defaults, and the freedom of judges in assess the amount of compensation. The difference are that NBW regulates compensation in general that can be applied to types of responsibility in NBW, compensation in NBW consists ofmaterial and immaterial (including an explanation of the scope), NBW regulates the form of compensation, there is the authority of the judge to assess the nominal compensation agreed by the parties, possible losses that may arise in the future including if there is insurance claim, third parties who are also harmed, and parties who can apply for compensation.
Keywords: arrangement; compensation; immaterial
 
Konsep Pengaturan Kontinuitas Koalisi Partai Politik Dari Pre-election Coalition Ke Government Coalition
Full text linkThe regulation concerning political party coalitions of the presidential election has been implemented since the enactment of Article 6A paragraph (2) of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. It has been known that in the practice of coalitions formed is relatively short-term and unstable. This study aims to analyze the existence of a pre-election coalition in the presidential election and to examine the concept of formed coalition continuation from the pre-election to become the government steady coalition. Conceptual, comparative, and statute approach are used in this study as a normative legal method research. The research result showed that the continuity of the pre-election coalition in government administration is in line with the purpose of Article 8 paragraph (3) of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. In addition, to strengthen the binding power of the coalition, it is necessary to set regulations in the forthcoming election law by adding an agreement clause to transform the pre-election coalition into a government coalition.
Keywords: continuity; government coalition; political party coalition; pre-election coalition
Abstrak
Pengaturan koalisi partai politik pada pemilihan presiden mulai terlaksana sejak berlakunya Pasal 6A ayat (2) UUD NRI 1945. Praktik koalisi partai politik yang terbentuk masih bersifat jangka pendek dan tidak stabil. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis eksistensi pre-election coalition pada pemilihan presiden serta mengkaji konsep pengaturan kontinuitas koalisi partai politik dari pre-election coalition ke government coalition. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif melalui pendekatan konseptual, pendekatan perbandingan dan pendekatan perundang-undangan. Hasil penelitian menerangkan pertama, kontinuitas pre-election coalition dalam penyelenggaraan pemerintahan selaras dengan ketentuan Pasal 8 ayat (3) UUD NRI 1945. Kedua, penguatan daya ikat antar koalisi partai politik membutuhkan pengaturan dalam undang-undang pemilu di masa mendatang melalui penambahan klausul kesepakatan transformasi pre-election coalition menjadi government coalition.
Kata kunci: government coalition; koalisi partai politik; kontinuitas; pre-election coalitio
Makna Pasal 18 Ayat (4) Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945
Full text linkThe purpose of this study is to find the meaning of Article 18 Paragraf 4 of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. This research is legal research with a statutory, conceptual, and case approach. The results of this study found that Article 18 Paragraf 4 of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia was formulated flexibly with open texture and opened legal policy. Using the original intent of grammatical interpretation, it was found that 7 (seven) meanings of Article 18 Paragraf 4 of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia were 1) the regional head was the chief of local government, (2) Regional heads must exist and the number is 1 (one) person, (3) the deputy of regional head was not mandatory. If there can be 1 (one) or more people, (4) the regional head must be democratically elected, either directly by the people or by the local representative body, (5) the regional head candidate does not have to be submitted by a political party or a combination of political parties so that it can be an individual candidate, (6) the elected regional head is sufficient to obtain a simple majority of votes, and (7) the deputy of regional head is not obliged to be democratically elected, It is not mandatory to be selected in 1 (one) package of candidate pairs with the regional head, and can be appointed.
Keywords: democratic; election; regional head
Abstrak
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menemukan makna Pasal 18 ayat (4) UUD NRI 1945. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, konseptual, dan kasus. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan bahwa Pasal 18 ayat (4) UUD NRI 1945 dirumuskan secara fleksibel dengan sifat open texture dan opened legal policy. Dengan menggunakan penafsiran original intent gramtikal, ditemukan 7 (tujuh) makna Pasal 18 ayat (4) UUD NRI 1945 yakni 1) kepala daerah merupakan chief of local government, (2) kepala daerah wajib ada dan jumlahnya 1 (satu) orang, (3) wakil kepala daerah tidak wajib ada. Jika ada boleh 1 (satu) orang atau lebih, (4) kepala daerah wajib dipilih secara demokratis, baik secara langsung atau oleh DPRD, (5) calon kepala daerah tidak harus diajukan oleh partai politik atau gabungan partai politik sehingga boleh calon perseorangan, (6) kepala daerah terpilih cukup memperoleh simple majority suara, dan (7) wakil kepala daerah tidak wajib dipilih secara demokratis, tidak wajib dipilih dalam 1 (satu) paket pasangan calon dengan kepala daerah, dan dapat ditunjuk.
Kata kunci: demokratis; kepala daerah; pemiliha
Dynamics Of Authority To Defend The Kanjuruhan Tragedy In The Criminal Justice System
Full text linkThe Criminal Justice System in Indonesia has explained related to the authority of each law enforcement apparatus, including the authority to defend suspects or defendants. However, deviations occurred in 2022 where the police acted as defenders in trials (legal advisors) for other members of the police who were accused in the Kanjuruhan tragedy, this is of course vulnerable to conflicts of interest and is not in line with the criminal justice system. The research method used is empirical juridical, which is related to the implementation of laws and regulations in cases that occur in society, in this case, the question of the authority to defend in the trial of the Kanjuruhan case. In principle, the authority to defend in the context of criminal justice is regulated in the Law No.18/2003, in cases where a police officer is acting as a legal representative for other police officers in criminal cases it is a deviation from the process of the criminal justice system in Indonesia, this also contradicts Article 16 in the Law No.2/2002, which explains that the police do not have the authority to provide legal assistance in criminal trials.
Keywords: authority; criminal justice system; defens
Telaah Yuridis Perlindungan Konsumen Dalam Kegiatan Investasi Aset Kripto Di Indonesia
Full text linkThe development of financial technology continues to produce various innovations, especially in digital asset investment products, one of which is investment using crypto assets. Specifically, this research tries to examine issues related to consumer protection according to Law No.8/1999 in relation to investment activities using crypto assets. The research method uses normative juridical research methods based on juridical aspects such as norms, regulations, and legal theories related to crypto asset investment obtained from scientific papers, books, online media and others related to the object of study under study, namely consumer protection against investment activities using crypto assets. This research tries to explore the urgency behind the need for amendments as well as urging the government to make new, more comprehensive regulations regarding consumer protection in crypto asset investment, given the growth of investors which continues to increase from year to year. Problems also arise because the current Law No.8/1999 existed long before the digital transaction model emerged as it is now so that aspects of legal novelty are needed to ensure legal certainty for the community as a whole in every economic transaction activity, both conventional and digital.
Keywords:; consumer protection; crypto assets; investment
Abstrak
Perkembangan teknologi finansial terus menghasilkan berbagai inovasi khususnya pada produk investasi aset digital yaitu investasi menggunakan aset kripto. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji permasalahan berkaitan dengan perlindungan konsumen menurut UU No.8/1999 dalam hubungannya dengan kegiatan investasi menggunakan aset kripto. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis normatif yang berlandaskan pada aspek yuridis seperti norma-norma, peraturan-peraturan, dan teori hukum yang berhubungan dengan investasi aset kripto yang diperoleh dari karya ilmiah, buku, media online dan lain sebagainya berkaitan dengan objek kajian yang diteliti yakni perlindungan konsumen terhadap kegiatan investasi menggunakan aset kripto. Penelitian ini mencoba mengupas urgensi apa saja yang melatarbelakangi perlunya dilakukan amandemen sekaligus mendesak agar pemerintah membuat peraturan baru yang lebih komperhensif mengenai perlindungan konsumen pada investasi aset kripto, mengingat pertumbuhan investor yang terus meningkat dari tahun ke tahun. Problematika pun muncul karena UU No.8/1999 yang berlaku saat ini telah ada jauh sebelum model transaksi digital muncul seperti sekarang sehingga diperlukan aspek kebaharuan hukum demi menjamin kepastian hukum bagi masyarakat secara menyeluruh dalam setiap kegiatan transaksi ekonomi baik yang bersifat konvensional maupun digital. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa UU No.8/1999 dirasa belum dapat menjadi payung hukum bagi perlindungan konsumen pengguna aset kripto di Indonesia. Sedangkan Peraturan BAPPEBTI No.5/2019 hanya mengatur mengenai transaksi yang dilakukan oleh pelaku usaha yang berbadan hukum, sedangkan transaksi yang dilakukan oleh antarpribadi atau pihak ketiga belum terlindungi.
Kata kunci: aset kripto; investasi; perlindungan konsume
Peraturan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 1 Tahun 2020 Sebagai Pedoman Pemidanaan Pelaku Tindak Pidana Korupsi
Full text linkJudicial acts of corruption in Indonesia are not fully carried out in accordance with applicable legal norms, caused by deviations from norms so that collusion occurs. As a result of the legal discrepancy in the implementation of the corruption trial, the community loses accountability and doubts the credibility of state officials in enforcing the law on corruption. Positive law regulates material corruption which is more profitable for corruptors so that the implementation of a simple, fast and low-cost, collusion-free judiciary cannot be carried out. Since Perma No.1/2020 was promulgated, it has not reduced the criminalization of corruption cases in terms of light sentences, which should have been eradicated in extra ordinary measures. Corruption trials have precedents in the form of decisions by previous courts that create legal loopholes for judges to determine the same decision, namely light sentences against perpetrators of corruption. The researchmethod used in this research is normative legal research and uses a research approach including statutory approach, conceptual approach, and case approach. The results of this study indicate that Perma No.1/2020 has no value of justice from a societal perspective and after theSupreme Court regulation was promulgated for more than a year it is known that this regulation is optional and does not bind judges to be guided by Perma No.1/2020. Therefore, Perma No.1/2020 must have its material formulation changed and judicially reviewed by thesupreme court with the aim of Perma No.1/2020 the normative material is more proportional, of better quality and produces decisions withoutdisparities in corruption cases with the same characteristics to realize future rule of law.
Keywords: criminal guidelines; Supreme Court regulations; value of justice
Abstrak
Peradilan tindak pidana korupsi di Indonesia tidak sepenuhnya berjalan sesuai dengan norma hukum yang berlaku, disebabkan oleh penyimpangan norma sehingga kolusi terjadi. Akibat dari kesenjangan hukum pada implementasi peradilan tindak pidana korupsi masyarakat kehilangan akuntabilitas dan meragukan kredibilitas aparat negara dalam penegakan hukum tindak pidana korupsi. Hukum positif mengatur korupsi materinya lebih menguntungkan terhadap pelaku korupsi sehingga implementasi peradilan sederhana, cepat, dan biaya ringan bebas kolusi tidak dapat terlaksana. Semenjak Perma No.1/2020 diundangkan juga tidak membuat pemidanaan kasus korupsiberkurang dalam aspek vonis ringan yang seharusnya pelaksanaan pemidanaan kasus korupsi diberantas secara extra ordinary
measures. Peradilan tindak pidana korupsi memiliki preseden berupa putusan oleh pengadilan
terdahulu membuat celah hukum bagi hakim untuk menetapkan putusan yang sama yaitu vonis ringan terhadap pelaku tindak pidana korupsi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum normatif serta menggunakan pendekatan penelitian meliputipendekatan perundang-undangan (statute approach), pendekatan konseptual (conceptual approach), dan pendekatan kasus (case approach). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Perma No.1/2020 tidak memiliki nilai keadilan dalam perspektif masyarakat dan setelah peraturan mahkamah agung ini diundangkan lebih dari satu tahun diketahui bahwa regulasi ini fakultatif dan tidak mengikat hakim untuk wajibberpedoman pada Perma No.1/2020. Oleh karena itu, Perma No.1/2020 harus dirubah rumusan materinya dan di judicial review olehmahkamah agung dengan tujuan Perma No.1/2020 materi normanya lebih proporsional, berkualitas dan menghasilkan putusan tanpa adanya disparitas pada kasus korupsi dengan karakteristik yang sama untuk mewujudkan supremasi hukum di masa mendatang.
Kata kunci: peraturan Mahkamah Agung, pedoman pemidanaan, nilai keadila
Operation Peace Spring Turki Pada Konflik Bersenjata Suriah: Legalitas Dan Akibat Hukumnya
Full text linkThis paper will examine the legality of Turkey's military action in Syria in 2019, codenamed OPS, and whether it can be considered an act of aggression against Syria under international law. Unlike similar papers, which discuss the military action in terms of politics and foreign policy and link it to Turkey's refugee problem, this paper will focus on the military action's compliance with international law principles such as the use of armed force, right of self-defence, and international crimes This paper is normative legal research that draws its conclusion using the deductive syllogism method. This paper concludes that OPS does not meet the criteria of international law's right to self-defence and is a clear violation of the UN Charter's prohibition on the use of armed force. More research is needed to investigate the legal ramifications of Turkey's military action, such as whether OPS fulfilled the elements of the crime of aggression in the 1998 Rome Statute, how much damage Syria has suffered as a result of this military action and how Turkey is liable for these losses under international law.
Keywords: crime of aggressions, military intervention, right to self-defence
Abstrak
Tulisan ini akan membahas isu legalitas dari aksi militer Turki di Suriah pada tahun 2019, dengan sandi OPS, serta menganalisa apakah aksi militer tersebut dapat dianggap sebagai tindakan agresi terhadap Suriah berdasarkan kerangka hukum internasional. Tidak seperti tulisan serupa yang membahas aksi militer ini dari segi politik dan kebijakan luar negeri serta menghubungkannya dengan masalah pengungsi yang dialami Turki, tulisan ini akan berfokus pada hubungan aksi militer tersebut dengan prinsip-prinsip hukum internasional seperti penggunaan kekuatan bersenjata, hak membela diri, dan kejahatan internasional. Tulisan ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif yang menggunakan metode silogisme deduktif dalam pengambilan kesimpulannya. Dalam kesimpulannya, tulisan ini menemukan bahwa OPS tidak memenuhi kriteria hak membela diri yang diatur dalam hukum internasional dan jelas merupakan pelanggaran terhadap larangan penggunaan kekuatan bersenjata dalam Piagam PBB. Dibutuhkan penelitian lanjutan untuk mendalami akibat hukum bagi Turki akibat aksi militernya ini, seperti apakah OPS telah memenuhi elemen dari kejahatan agresi dalam Statuta Roma tahun 1998 serta seberapa besar kerugian yang ditanggung oleh Suriah akibat aksi militer ini dan bagaimana pertanggungjawaban Turki atas kerugian tersebut dalam kerangka hukum internasional.
Kata kunci: agresi militer; hak mempertahankan diri; invensi milite