Jurnal Pengkajian dan Pengembangan Teknologi Pertanian
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PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN DAUN PUSINAT (Albizia lebbeckoides) TERHADAP KINETIKA RUMEN TERNAK KAMBING YANG DIBERI STANDING HAY RUMPUT KUME
No full textThe influence of leaf PUSINAT (Albizia lebbeckoides)on rumen kinetic of goat with added the Standing Hay Sorghum timorense. Goat is one kind of livestock that plays an important role in the rural economical society in the villages of Timor supporting by the presence of low quality of natural grasses. Thus the combination of forage sources by adding the leaves of local growing plants, such as pusinat (Albizia lebbeckoides) is important. The aim of this experiment was to observe the influence of using pusinat leaf at different levels on the rumen kinetic performances of goat fed with the standing hay of kume native grass (Sorghum timorense). The experiment was conducted at the experimental station of Animal Husbandry Faculty of Nusa Cendana University in Kupang, Timor, Indonesia. The experiment was conducted from 18th of June to 18th of August 2006. Sixteen local goats with an average body weight of 9 kgs (ranging from 8 to 10 kgs) were used in the experiment arranged in a completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 4 replications. The treatments consisted of: standing hay of kume native grass (TO), TO + 25% pusinat leaf (TI), TO + 50% pusinat leaf (T2) and TO + 75% pusinat leaf (T3) of dry matter requirement. Kinetic parameters observed included: pH, concentrations of ammonia (NH3) and volatile fatty acid (VFA) and microbial protein. The results of the experiment indicated that rumen pH was not significantly (P>0.05) affected by the treatments, with an average value of 6.86. The concentrations of NH3, VFA and microbial protein were significantly (P<0.01) affected by the treatments. The highest values were obtained in T3 with mean values of 265.34 nM, 12.88 nM and 0.05977 mg/g of sample. It can be concluded that the increase level of pusinat leaf did not affect the rumen pH, but the production of microbial protein, as well as the concentration of VFA and NH3 were increased Key words: pusinat leaf rumen kinetic, goat, standing hay, sorghum timorense Kambing adalah salah satu ternak yang cukup penting dalam perekonomian masyarakat pedesaan di pulau Timor dengan pakan utama rumput alam yang kualitasnya rendah. Penganekaragaman pakan perlu dilakukan dengan memanfaatkan tanaman pakan lokal seperti daun pusinat. Tujuan dari penelitian adalah untuk mengamati tentang pemanfaatan daun pusinat terhadap kinetika rumen ternak kambing yang diberi pakan rumput alam kering (standing hay). Penelitian ini dilakukan di kandang percobaan Fapet Undana dari tanggal 18 Juni sampai dengan 18 Agustus 2006. Enam belas ekor ternak kambing dengan bobot badan rata-arat 9 kg (8-10 kg) telah digunakan dalam penelitian ini, menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Perlakuan terdiri dari: standing hay rumput kume (TO), TO + 25% daun pusinat (T1), TO + 50% daun pusinat (T2) dan TO + 75% daun pusinat (T3) dari kebutuhan bahan kering. Parameter kinetika yang diukur adalah derajat keasaman (pH) rumen, produksi protein mikroba, serta konsentrasi VFA dan NH3. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pH tidak dipengaruhi oleh perlakuan (P>0,05) dengan nilai rata-rata 6,86. Konsentrasi VFA, NH3 dan protein mikroba rumen sangat nyata (P<0,01) dipengaruhi oleh perlalcuan, dengan nilai tertinggi diperoleh pada T3 masing-masing sebesar 265,34 nM, 12,88 nM, dan 0,05977 mg/g sampel. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa penambahan daun pusinat mempertahankan pH namun meningkatkan produksi protein mikroba, konsentrasi WA dan NH3. Kata kunci: Daun pusinat, kinetika rumen, kambing, standing hay, rumput kum
PENGKAJIAN RAKITAN TEKNOLOGI BUDIDAYA KENTANG DAN STRATEGI PENGEMBANGANNYA : Studi Kasus di Wilayah Prima Tani Lahan Kering Dataran Tinggi Kabupaten Magetan
Get PDFPengkajian Rakitan Teknologi Budidaya Kentang dan Strategi Pengembangannya : Studi Kasus di Wilayah Prima Tani Lahan Kering Dataran Tinggi Kabupaten Magetan. The assessment on improving the cultivation technology of potato as demonstration plot in farmer’s land was done in Prima Tani area of Magetan regency in Genilangit village, during dry season on June – September 2007. Collecting data was done using farm record keeping method on the application of improving cultivation technology of potato which was done by cooperator farmers, while non-cooperator farmers done their potato farming using their own cultivation technology as the comparison. Improving cultivation technologies which were applied by the farmers including 1) Seed quality and seed treatment before planting, 2) The use of rational fertilization, 3) Enlargement of planting space and planting-row space, and 4) Improving pests and diseases control method. The aim of the assessment were 1) To increase productivity, yield quality and farmer’s income of potato farming using the improved cultivation technology, and 2) To find development strategy of potato farming in the assessment area. The result showed, that application of the improved cultivation technology of potato farming can increased productivity, yield quality and farmer’s income. Development strategy for potato farming in this area should be based on the principle of maximize their potency and use their opportunity in facing threats and minimize their weaknesses. Increasing the farming efficiency, productivity and yield quality should be done by application of potato farming using cooperated farming model. The use of qualified seed such as certified potato seed needed to be socialized
KAJIAN TEKNOLOGI BUDIDAYA DAN KELAYAKAN EKONOMI USAHATANI KEDELAI DENGAN PENDEKATAN PENGELOLAAN TANAMAN TERPADU DI LAHAN PASANG SURUT JAMBI
Get PDFAssesement of Cultivation Technology and Economic Feasibility of Soybean Farming Systemwith Integrated Crop Management Approach in Tidal Land at Jambi Province. This assessment aims todetermine the performance of cultivation technology and the economic feasibility of soybean farming systemthrough integrated plant control on tidal swamp land. Assesment was conducted on dry season 2007 in BandarJaya village, Rantau Rasau sub District, Tanjung Jabung Timur District, Jambi Province, on tidal land withacid soils and sulfate land type C. Technology packed involved: seed quality, varieties, manure and dolomiteapplication, fertilizer dosage, water management, and pest diseases control. Data were collected through directobservation in the field with Participation Rural Appraisal (PRA) approach. Descriptive data were analyzedqualitatively and quantitatively using partial budget analysis with the economic parameters of R/C, MBCR,PBE, and TIH. The assessment indicated that the PTT technology is able to increase productivity .6 fold, andit was economically improve the profitability of farming for Rp.2,528,720/ha with MBCR score of 3.68, so thatthe PTT technology was feasible to be implemented. In order for PTT technology development to continue, itneeds supply of inputs, alternative fertilizer, seed multiplication by farmer, and direct supervision. Disseminationefforts need to be done both through technology and communication, and through direct propagation.Key words: Tidal swamp land, economic feasibility Tujuan pengkajian ini adalah untuk mengetahui keragaan teknologi budidaya, dan kelayakan ekonomiusahatani kedelai dengan pendekatan Pengelolaan Tanaman Terpadu di lahan pasang surut. Pengkajian inidilaksanakan pada MK 2007 di desa Bandar Jaya Kecamatan Rantau Rasau Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung TimurProvinsi Jambi dilahan pasang surut dengan tipologi lahan sulfat masam dan tipe genangan air C. Paketteknologi PTT kedelai meliputi benih bermutu, varietas, penggunaan pupuk kandang dan dolomit, dosis dan carapemupukan, pengaturan tata air dan pengendalian OPT. Sebanyak enam petani kooperator yang menggunakanpaket teknologi PTT dilibatkan dalam pengkajian ini. Data diperoleh dengan pengamatan langsung dilapangan,data primer dikumpulkan dengan pendekatan PRA. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskripif kualitatif dankuantitatif menggunakan analisis anggaran parsial dengan parameter ekonomi R/C, MBCR, TIP dan TIH.Hasil pengkajian menunjukkan bahwa teknologi PTT mampu meningkatkan produktivitas ,6 kali lipat,Kajian Teknologi Budidaya dan Kelayakan Ekonomi Usahatani Kedelai Dengan Pendekatan Pengelolaan Tanaman Terpadu diLahan Pasang Surut Jambi (Jumakir dan Abdullah Taufiq)2dan secara ekonomis meningkatkan keuntungan usahatani sebesar Rp.2.528.720/ha dengan nilai MBCR 3,68sehingga teknologi PTT layak untuk diterapkan. Agar pengembangan teknologi PTT berlanjut, diperlukandukungan saprodi dan harga terjangkau, penggunaan pupuk alternatif dan pemanfaatan agen hayati sertapenangkaran benih oleh petani. Disamping itu masih perlu pembinaan dan pendampingan oleh petugas. Upayadiseminasi perlu dilakukan baik melalui teknologi informasi dan komunikasi maupun diseminasi langsung.Kata Kunci : Lahan pasang surut, PTT kedelai dan Kelayakan ekonom
ANALISIS EFISIENSI USAHATANI SAYURAN DAN JARINGAN TATANIAGANYA DI KABUPATEN ENREKANG SULAWESI SELATAN
No full textAnalysis on the Efficiency of Vegetable Farm Enterprise and Business Network in Enrekang Regency South Sulawesi. This research aims to: 1) analyze the combination use of optimal resources to provide maximum income taking into account the land, labor, technology, and capital constrains owned by farmers, 2) analyze the optimal plant combination providing maximum income, and 3) analyze vegetable distribution. This research was conducted in Enrekang Regency South Sulawesi Province from January to December 2006. The analysis method used was Linier Programming approach. Enrekang Regency has the potency for vegetable development and goat husbandry. The development system for these two commodities was an integration one. To obtain optimum farming, farmers were suggested to allocate 0.75 ha land, 888 kg of potato seeds, 330 kg of shallot seeds, 4.4 kg carrot seeds, 14.11 packs cabbage seeds, 213.94 kg Urea, 150.25 kg SP36, 48.60 kg KCI, 105.70 kg ZA, 1.49 liters PPC, 1,027.14 kg organic manure, 4.05 liters pesticide, and 75.15 labor working days, and have 3 goats/HH. The resource allocation is capable of providing a net income of Rp.11, 267,910/year with inter cropping potato - shallot — cabbage for 0.60 ha, and inters cropping cabbage — potato — potato for 0.07 ha and inters cropping carrot — cabbage — cabbage for 0.08 ha. Marketing chain from farmers to consumers should not be a long one. This is caused by the vegetable characteristic that is easily damaged, so marketed vegetables must reach the consumers quickly. Key words: Efficiency, vegetable farm, marketing chain Penelitian ini bertujuan; 1) menganalisis kombinasi penggunaan sumberdaya yang optimal dapat memberikan pendapatan maksimal dengan kendala lahan, tenaga kerja, teknologi, dan modal yang dimiliki petani, 2) menganalisis kombinasi jenis tanaman yang optimal dapat memberikan pendapatan maksimal, dan 3) menganalisis distribusi sayuran. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kabupaten Enrekang Propinsi Sulawesi Selatan, pada bulan Januari hingga Desember 2006. Metode analisis yang digunakan dengan pendekatan linier programming. Kabupaten Enrekang mempunyai potensi untuk pengembangan sayuran dan ternak kambing. Sistem pengembangan kedua komoditas tersebut dilakukan secara integrasi. Untuk memperoleh usahatani yang optimal, maka petani disarankan mengalokasikan sumberdaya lahan 0,75 ha; 888 kg bibit kentang, 330 kg bibit bawang merah, 4,4 kg benih wortel, 14,11 bungkus benih kubis, 213,94 kg Urea, 150,25 kg SP36, 48,60 kg KCL, 105,70 kg ZA, 1,49 It PPC, 1.027,14 kg pupuk kandang, 4,05 It pestisida, dan penggunaan tenaga kerja sewa 75,15 HOK, serta memelihara ternak kambing 3 ekor/KK. Alokasi sumberdaya tersebut mampu memberikan pendapatan bersih sebesar Rp.11.267.910/tahun dengan pola tanam kentang — bawang merah kubis seluas 0,60 ha, dan pola tanam kubis — kentang — kentang seluas 0,07 ha serta pola tanam wortel — kubis kubis seluas 0,08 ha. Urutan jaringan tata niaga dart produsen (petani) ke konsumen melewati jaringan yang tidak panjang. Hal ini dikarenakan sifat komoditas sayuran itu sendiri yang mudah rusak, maka sayuran yang dipasarkan harus cepat sampai kepada konsumen. Kata kunci : Efisiensi, usahatani sayuran, lataniag
PENGARUH JENIS ALAT GILING DAN VARIETAS TERHADAP KUALITAS BERAS DI SULAWESI SELATAN
Get PDFThe Effect Of Mill Types And Variety On Rice Quality In South Sulawesi. The aim of this research was find out the effect of mill types and variety on rice quality in South Sulawesi. This assessment was conducted on the farmer’s land in Pinrang Regency on August to December 2005. Cultivation Technologies applied were recommended by Dinas Pertanian Tanaman Pangan dan Hortikultura South Sulawesi. Experiment was arranged in randomized complete block design with two factors. The first factor was three varieties such as Pepe, Cimelati and Cigeulis. The second factor was three types of mills such as portable, RMU (compact rice mill) and complete big rice mill. The result showed that percentage of total rice, head rice, brokens, and moisture content of head rice was influenced significantly by interaction between type of mill and variety. The highest of head rice rendemen was Cigeulis with portable mill (74,6%) and followed by Cimelati with portable mill (73,17%). Palatability characteristics after cooking was influenced significantly by type of mill only. The best rice eaten was complete big rice mill with rice cooked had characteristics as delicious, softly, white color, bright and aromatic of variety Pepe, Cigeulis and Cimelati. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh jenis alat giling terhadap kualitas beras beberapa varietas padi di Sulawesi Selatan. Pengkajian dilaksanakan di lahan petani Kabupaten Pinrang pada musim tanam Agustus hingga Desember 2005. Teknologi budidaya yang digunakan adalah yang direkomendasikan oleh Dinas Pertanian Tanaman Pangan dan Hortikultura Sulawesi Selatan. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan acak kelompok pola faktorial dengan tiga ulangan. Faktor pertama yaitu varietas sebanyak 3 faktor adalah Pepe, Cimelati dan Cigeulis. Sedangkan faktor kedua adalah alat giling sebanyak 3 faktor yaitu portable dengan kapasitas giling 50 g, RMU (Rice milling Unit) kapasitas 100 kg dan gilingan besar milik PT Pertani (sistem kontinyu dengan paddy polisher) kapasitas minimal 250 kg. Hasil pengkajian menunjukkan bahwa rendemen beras total, beras kepala, beras pecah, dan kadar air beras kepala dipengaruhi secara nyata oleh interaksi antara tipe alat giling dan varietas. Rendemen beras kepala tertinggi adalah varietas Cigeulis dengan gilingan kecil (74,6%) diikuti varietas Cimelati dengan gilingan kecil (73,17%) dan varietas Cigeulis dengan gilingan RMU (72,24%). Mutu citarasa nasi dari semua varietas yang diuji hanya dipengaruhi secara nyata oleh alat giling. Cita rasa nasi yang disukai adalah yang digiling dengan penggilingan besar. Beberapa karakteristiknya adalah agak lembek, rasa enak, warna putih mengkilat, pulen, beraroma dan kelekatan sedang baik varietas Pepe, Cigeulis maupun Cimelati.
KAJIAN ADAPTASI BEBERAPA VARIETAS UNGGUL PADI GOGO PADA LAHAN KERING DATARAN RENDAH DI KABUPATEN GARUT
Get PDFDevelopment of upland rice is one of the answers in increasing rice production, but the productivity of upland rice in Indonesia is still very low. One reason is the low use of improved varieties. But of the many varieties of upland rice varieties are not all suitable to be developed in a region. To find suitable varieties are developed in a region need to be a study of the introduction of varieties to obtain location-specific adaptive varieties. Assessments conducted in Jatiwangi Village Pakenjeng Sub District Garut District, during the rainy season 2007/2008. Assessment using a randomized block design with upland rice varieties as treatments, varieties used are Situ patenggang, Situ Bagendit, Limboto, Towuti, Stone Tegi and local varieties (Denok) as a comparison, each variety was repeated 4 times. To determine the feasibility of technology to analyze revenue and cost balance (B / C), while for measuring the level of technological excellence applied to farmers to use marginal benefit cost ratio analysis (MBCR). The results showed that the varieties Situ Bagendit generate the highest production (4.5 t/ha). The result of the financial analysis shows Situ Bagendit varieties provide the highest profits with a gross value of B/C 2.04, and the marginal value of B/C at 3.75. Based on the farmerspreferences Situ Patenggang and Situ Bagendit varieties liked enough compared with other varieties.Pengembangan padi gogo merupakan salah satu jawaban dalam meningkatkan produksi padi, tetapi produktivitas padi gogo di Indonesia masih sangat rendah. Salah satu penyebabnya adalah masih rendahnya penggunaan varietas unggul. Namun dari sekian banyak varietas unggul padi gogo tidak semua varietas cocok untuk dikembangkan di suatu wilayah. Untuk mengetahui varietas yang cocok dikembangkan di suatu wilayah perlu suatu kajian introduksi varietas untuk memperoleh varietas adaptif spesifik lokasi. Pengkajian dilaksanakan di Desa Jatiwangi Kecamatan Pakenjeng Kabupaten Garut, pada musim hujan 2007/2008. Pengkajian menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok dengan varietas padi gogo sebagai perlakuan, varietas yang digunakan adalah Situ patenggang, Situ Bagendit, Limboto, Towuti, Batu Tegi dan varietas lokal (Denok) sebagai pembanding, masing-masing varietas diulang sebanyak 4 kali. Untuk menentukan tingkat kelayakan teknologi dilakukan analisis imbangan penerimaan dan biaya (B/C), sedangkan untuk mengukur tingkat keunggulan dari teknologi yang diterapkan petani digunakan analisis marginal benefit cost ratio (MBCR). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa varietas Situ Bagendit menghasilkan produksi paling tinggi (4,5 t/ha). Hasil analisis finansial menunjukkan varietas Situ Bagendit memberikan keuntungan paling tinggi dengan nilai gross B/C 2,04, serta nilai marginal B/C sebesar 3,75. Berdasarkan preferensi petani varietas Situ Patenggang dan Situ Bagendit cukup disenangi dibanding dengan varietas lain
KAJIAN BUDIDAYA UBIKAYU (Manihot esculenta Crantz) SAMBUNG DI LAMPUNG SELATAN
Get PDFAssesment on Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) Cultivation using Side Grafting Technologyin South Lampung. The study of cassava oculation technique were conducted on Tegineneng experimentalgarden, South Lampung of June 2007 until Maret 2008. The purpose of this study was to find out thetreatment of cassava occulation technique with plant method (to dam up and maked hole of plant) anddosages fertilizer applied (mixed of Urea,SP36,KCl/2:1:1) i.e. 40, 80, 120, 160 g per plant on growth, yieldsand financial analysis of cassava occulation. Treatments were arranged in Randomized Block Design,three replication.. The result showed that culture technique had no optimum effect on yield tuber of cassavaocculation. Different treatmethode dosages fertilizer applied the same response on percentage of growth,diameter and length of tuber, and tuber yield per plant. But to dam up treatment gave highest tuber yield (5.75kg/plant) than that maked hole of plant (5.12 kg/plant) method. The financial analysis of cassava occulationcultural technique to dam up was more desent (R/C 1.63) than maked hole of plant (R/C 0.71) method.Key words: Assessment, culture technique, cassava, occulation Kajian budidaya ubikayu sambung telah dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Tegineneng, Lampung Selatanmulai Juni 2007 hingga Maret 2008. Tujuan pengkajian untuk mengetahui pengaruh perlakuan teknik budidayaubikayu sambung dengan cara tanam (menggunakan guludan dan lubang tanam 80 x 80 x 50 cm.), dan dosispemupukan NPK dalam bentuk campuran Urea:SP36:KCl (2:1:1) dengan dosis 40, 80, 120, dan 160 g/tanaman.Parameter yang diamati meliputi komponen pertumbuhan tanaman (presentase tumbuh dan tinggi tanaman),danproduksi umbi (ukuran umbi dan produksi per pohon) pada akhir percobaan (tanaman berumur 9 bulan) sertaanalisis usahataninya. Perlakuan disusun dalam Rancangan Acak Kelompok, tiga ulangan. Setiap perlakuanterdiri atas 20 tanaman dengan jarak tanam 2 x 2 m. Masing-masing tanaman diberi pupuk kandang 3kg/tanaman.Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa budidaya ubikayu sambung belum menghasilkan umbi yang memuaskan.Perbedaan perlakuan dosis pupuk yang diuji memberikan respon yang sama terhadap presentase tumbuh,ukuran umbi (diameter umbi dan panjang umbi), juga produksi per pohon. Namun rata-rata perlakuan guludanmenghasilkan produksi umbi 5,75 kg/pohon, ini lebih tinggi dibanding dengan perlakuan lubang tanam yanghanya 5,12 kg/pohon. Sebaliknya terhadap tinggi tanaman perlakuan lubang tanam memberikan pertumbuhantanaman lebih tinggi dibandingkan perlakuan guludan. Hasil analisis usahatani budidaya ubikayu sambung yangdigulud (R/C 1,63) lebih layak dibanding dengan perlakuan lubang tanam ( R/C 0,71). Hasil ini lebih rendahdibandingkan dengan usahatani ubikayu biasa (tanpa sambung), untuk itu masih perlu dikaji lebih lanjut.Kata kunci: Kajian, budidaya, ubikayu, sambun
PERSPEKTIF PENGEMBANGAN KOMPOS BIOAKTIVATOR UNTUK PENGENDALIAN Phytophthora capsici PADA TANAMAN LADA (Piper nigrum)
Get PDFPerspective on the Development of Bio-Activator Compost to Control the Attacks of Phytophthora capsici on Pepper (Piper nigrum). Bio-activator microbes can be found enormously in the compost, for instance bacteria (Bacillus spp., Pseudomonas spp), actinomycetes (Streptomyces spp.) and fungi (Trichoderma spp, Aspergillus spp, Penicillium spp). This research aimed to assess the development of bio-activator in controlling P. capsici and increasing production and quality of the pepper. Activity was done in the field trials in the upland and lowland as the center of pepper plants in Lampung using a factorial randomized design group with five replications. The first factor was microbial bio-activator formula and the second factor was three doses of compost namely 1, 2 and 3 kg/pepper plants. Each plant was given zeolite, which was 0.5 kg/tt and fulfat acid 1% as amount of 200 cc/tt. The study showed that microbial activators significantly suppressed P. capsici attacks and increased the production of pepper. In the uplands, the intensity of P. capsici decreased to 83.31%, while in the lowlands, the disease intensity that was caused by P. capsici decreased by 99-100%. The results of chemical and biological analysis of soil showed that the application of bio-activator compost increased the diversity of the types and the amounts of microbes in the rhizosphere as well as increased the nutrient availability. Combination treatment of bio-activator compost from coffee leather of 3 kg/tt were able to suppress the intensity of the disease BPB to more than 50% and increase the production of more than 30 %. Key words: piper nigrum, bioactivator, coffee skin, Phytophthora capsicii. Di dalam kompos banyak ditemukan mikroba bioaktifator, yaitu bakteri (Bacillus spp., Pseudomonas spp), aktinomiset (Streptomyces spp.) dan cendawan (Trichoderma spp, Aspergillus spp, Penicillium spp.). Bioaktivator dapat dimanfaatkan untuk mengendalikan serangan P.capsicii dan meningkatkan produksi serta mutu hasil lada. Kegiatan ini bertujuan mengkaji pengembangan bioaktivator untuk pengendalian Phytopthora capsici dan peningkatan produksi serta mutu hasil lada. Pengkajian dilakukan dalam format uji lapangan didataran tinggi dan rendah sentra lokasi tanaman lada di Lampung. Pengkajian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok pola faktorial dengan lima ulangan. Faktor pertama ialah bentuk formula mikroba bioaktivator dan faktor kedua ialah tiga dosis kompos yaitu 1,2 dan 3 kg/tanaman lada. Setiap tanaman juga diberikan zeolit 0.5 kg/tt dan asam fulfat 1% 200 cc/tt. Hasil pengkajian menunjukkan bahwa mikroba aktivator nyata menekan serangan P.capsicidan meningkatkan produksi lada. Di dataran tinggi intensitas serangan P. capsicimenurun hingga 83.31%, sedang di dataran rendah intensitas serangan P capsicimenurun hingga 99-100%. Hasil analisis kimia tanah dan mikroba tanah menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi kompos bioaktivator meningkatkan keragaman jenis dan jumlah mikroba di dalam rhizosfer serta meningkatkan ketersediaan hara. Kombinasi perlakuan bioaktivator dan kompos kulit kopi 3 kg/tt mampu menekan intensitas penyakit BPB hingga > 50% dan meningkatkan produksi > 30%. Kata kunci: Piper nigrum, bioaktivator, kulit kopi, Phytopthora capsicii
KAJIAN PENGGUNAAN INSEKTISIDA NABATI TERHADAP ULAT JENGKAL (Hyposidra talaca) PADA TANAMAN TEH DI KABUPATEN BANDUNG
Get PDFEffect of Bio Insecticides to Caterpillar (Hyposidra talaca) at Tea Plant in Bandung Regency.The caterpillar (Hyposidra talaca) is one of limitation factor concerning productivity in tea plantation, this isthe plant pest of caterpillar attack the plant, including pest will attack tea shoots, young and old leaves. The pestattack begins from seedling through maturity, and commonly occur in productive plants and this happen in anew trim plants with a serious invasion the plants wills die. The assessment of the application of bio pesticidefor controlling the caterpillar was conducted at farmer area in Cikalong village, Cikalongwetan subdistrict on2006. The above assessment used synthetic pesticide, with 3 treatment bio pesticide, with one synthetic pesticideand 3 replication. Parameter being observed were caterpillar larva population, pest intensity attack and farmercost analysis with the above different treatment. The study is aimed at to knows effectiveness bio-insecticide,shoot productivity of tea, and farming analysis. The result of this assessment showed that, the nimba treatment,extract the soursop seed, toona, insecticide able to decrease the intensity invasion up to the seventh observationi.e. 0.00%, 1.50%, 0.00%, 0.00% and 0.00%. Optimum yields were achieved from insecticide treatment of 5,460kg/ha/70 days, followed by toona 5,250 kg/ha/70 days, w, soursop 4,207 kg/ha/70 days, nimba 3,423 kg/ha/70days, while the control point was only 1,463 kg/ha/70 days. Toona treatment i.e. Rp.4,380,387 with the B/C2,37. Bio pesticide suren was the best and give high income. The recommendation of this assessment, that usedbioinsecticide suren leaf extract dose 10 ml/l with interval 10 day on tea was effective and give high income.Key words : Bio insecticide, tea, catterpillarUlat jengkal (Hyposidra talaca) merupakan faktor pembatas dalam budidaya teh, hama ini dapat menyerangpucuk, daun muda dan daun tua. Serangannya sejak tanaman dalam persemaian hingga tanaman tua, umumnyapada tanaman yang produktif, dan bila menyerang tanaman yang baru dipangkas pada serangan berat tanamanakan mengalami kematian. Pengkajian dilakukan di lahan petani Desa Cikalong, Kecamatan Cikalongwetan padatahun 2006, dengan menggunakan metode demonstrasi plot dengan 3 perlakuan insektisida nabati, 1 pestisidasintetik dan 1 kontrol dengan 3 ulangan. Parameter yang diamati meliputi populasi ulat jengkal, intensitas seranganhama, dan analisis usahatani. Tujuan pengkajian untuk mengetahui efektifitas insektisida nabati terhadap intensitasserangan ulat jengkal, produksi pucuk teh segar dan analisa usahatani masing-masing perlakuan. Hasil pengkajianmenunjukkan bahwa perlakuan nimba, ekstrak biji sirsak, suren, insektisida dapat menurunkan intensitas seranganmasing-masing 0,00%, 1,50%, 0,00% dan 0,00. Produksi tertinggi diperoleh dari perlakuan Insektisida yaitu5.460 kg/ha/70 hari, diikuti oleh suren 5.250 kg/ha/70 hari, sirsak 4.207 kg/ha/70 hari, nimba 3.423 kg/ha/70 hari,sedangkan kontrol hanya 1.463 kg/ha/70 hari. Perlakuan suren menunjukkan pendapatan tertinggi Rp.4.380.387,-. dengan B/C 2,37. Insektisida nabati suren merupakan insektisida terbaik dalam mengendalikan ulat jengkal(H.talaca). Rekomendasi dari pengkajian ini yaitu penggunaan insektisida nabati yang berasal dari ekstrak daunsuren dosis 10 ml/l dengan interval 10 hari untuk tanaman teh memberikan hasil dan pendapatan yang terbaik.Kata kunci : Insektisida nabati, teh, ulat jengka
ANALISIS KELAYAKAN USAHA PELAYANAN JASA ALSINTAN DI SULAWESI TENGAH
Get PDFContribution of agriculture machineries in term of increasing for productivity and resources effectivitycontaint a role and strategically potency. On the other hand, also tend of quality through processing and productdiversication that has added value, need to be supported used to agribussinese development. Based on this case, thegoverment should be done focusly to “Usaha Pelayanan Jasa Alsintan” (UPJA) program. This program aimed toincreasing probability of accessbility of agriculture machinery through UPJA program. This research aimed tofeasibility at the UPJA program with technically, economic, and institutional evaluation. This assesment conductedthrough questionnare and survey that continued to financial analysis. Such as NPV, Net B/C, and IRR. This resultshowed that in the UPJA implementation found that technically, social-culture, economy and policy problem. Thefinancial analysis result showed that capacity of hand tractor for soil preparation phase was 15 ha/seasion indicatedthat is not feasible. Mean while, the result of thresher machine financial, has 15-20 ha/seasion optimal capacity that itfeasibel. On the other hand, the optimal capacity was difficult to gain, caused to this machine must to fight withharvest labour. The alternative solution could be priored to price substitution for hand tractor and neecessary to spreadwide that usefull of the thresherKey words : institution, hand tractor, power thresher, feasibility, Sulawesi TengahAlsintan mempunyai peran dan potensi sangat strategis karena kontribusinya dalam meningkatkanproduktivitas dan efisiensi sumberdaya, di samping peningkatan kualitas produk melalui prosesing dan diversifikasiproduk yang menghasilkan nilai tambah dalam mendukung program pengembangan agribisnis. Oleh karena itu,pemerintah perlu melakukan intervensi dalam pengembangan alsintan. Salah satu bentuk intervensi pemerintah adalahdengan mengembangkan alsintan melalui pola usaha pelayanan jasa alsintan (UPJA) agar petani mampu mengakses,menggunakan alsintan tanpa membeli atau memiliki sendiri. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis denganmengevaluasi kelayakan UPJA di Sulawesi Tengah yang ditinjau secara teknis, ekonomis, dan kelembagaan.Pengkajian dilakukan pada tahun 2000 dengan cara survai menggunakan kuesioner berstruktur. Metode untukmengetahui kelayakan usaha jasa alsintan secara ekonomi dengan analisis finansial berupa kriteria NPV, Net B/C, danIRR. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam pelaksanaan UPJA dengan bantuan SPL-OECF menghadapipermasalahan teknis, sosial budaya, ekonomi, dan kebijakan. Hasil analisis finansial menunjukkan bahwa dengankapasitas olah traktor tangan optimal 15 ha/MT, maka usaha jasa tersebut belum layak. Usaha ini akan layak bilamencapai kapasitas optimal 15-20 ha/MT. Tetapi target kapasitas optimal sulit dicapai karena mesin perontok harusbersaing dengan buruh panen. Alternatif pemecahan masalah yang menjadi prioritas adalah dengan memberi subsidiharga traktor tangan disertai sosialisasi tentang manfaat mesin perontok.Kata kunci : kelembagaan, traktor tangan, mesin perontok, kelayakan, Sulawesi Tenga