Jurnal Pengkajian dan Pengembangan Teknologi Pertanian
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ANALISIS KEPUASAN PETANI TERHADAP KINERJA PENYELENGGARAAN PENYULUHAN PERTANIAN DI KABUPATEN ENDE PROVINSI NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR
Full text link ABSTRACT Analysis of Farmer Satisfaction on Performance Organization of Agriculture Instructor in Ende District of East Nusa Tenggara Province. This study aims to analyze farmers' satisfaction with the performance of agricultural instructor services in Ende District based on the expectations and reality experienced by farmers. This study used 125 farmers as samples. Determination of the sample is done by purposive sampling, where the area sampling technique is used to determine the sample area. Farmer samples are taken randomly using the random number approach in the excel program. This study found that the instructor's ability to utilize the results of research; commitment of extension workers in fulfilling promises; the accuracy of the technology and information media; completeness of technology and information media; the ability of extension agents in using technology and information media, are very important factors in increasing farmer satisfaction with the performance of agricultural extension services in Ende District. This study found that in the preparation of guidelines for instructor services it is also necessary to pay attention to aspects of the characteristics of the region because it will affect the response of farmers to the implementation of agricultural extension.Keywords: satisfaction, performance, farmers, agriculture instructor ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kepuasan petani terhadap kinerja penyelenggaraan penyuluhan pertanian di Kabupaten Ende berdasarkan harapan dan kenyataan yang dialami petani. Penelitian ini menggunakan 125 orang petani sebagai sampel. Penentuan sampel tersebut dilakukan secara purposive sampling, dimana teknik area sampling digunakan untuk penentuan wilayah sampel. Sampel petani diambil secara acak dengan menggunakan pendekatan angka random pada program excel. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa faktor kemampuan penyuluh memanfaatkan hasil riset; komitmen penyuluh dalam memenuhi janji; ketepatan media teknologi dan informasi; kelengkapan media teknologi dan informasi; kemampuan penyuluh dalam menggunakan media teknologi dan informasi, merupakan faktor-faktor yang sangat penting dalam meningkatkan kepuasan petani terhadap kinerja penyelenggaraan penyuluhan pertanian di Kabupaten Ende. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa dalam penyusunan pedoman penyelenggaraan penyuluhan perlu juga memperhatikan aspek karakteristik wilayah karena akan mempengaruhi respon petani terhadap penyelenggaraan penyuluhan pertanian. Kata kunci: kepuasan, kinerja, petani, penyuluh pertania
PENGARUH PUPUK KANDANG DAN PUPUK HIJAU GAMAL (Gliricidia sepium) TERHADAP PRODUKTIVITAS TANAMAN JAGUNG (Zea mays L.)
Full text linkThe Effect of Manure and Green Fertilizer of Gliricidia sepium On the Corn Productivity (Zea mays L.). This study aims to learn the utilization of manure and green fertilizer of gamal (Gliricidia sepium) to reduce inorganic fertilizers utilization in corn. The study was carried out in Konawe Selatan District from January to April 2016. The experiment was designed using split plot design (RPT) with two factors. The first factor was organic fertilizer (P) as the main plot that comprises of four treatment levels, namely: P0: without manure, P1: manure of 20 ton ha-1, P2: green fertilizer (Gliricidia sepium) of 20 ton ha-1, and P3: manure of 10 ton ha-1 and green fertilizer (Gliricidia sepium) of 10 ton ha-1. The second factor was inorganic fertilizer as sub-plot (N), consists of three treatment levels, namely: N: 100 % N, P, K recommended fertilizer, N2: 75% N, P, K recommended fertilizer, and N3: 50 % NPK recommended fertilizer. The study results indicated that organic fertilizer increased plant height at the 60 and 75 days after planting, number of leaves at 45 and 75 days after planting, N, P, K nutrient uptake, cob dry weight, cob length, cob diameter, weight of 100 grains, and crop yield. Application of 20 ton manure ha-1 produced of 8.94 ton dry corn ha-1; green manure (Gliricidia sepium) of 20 ton ha-1 produced 8.35 ton ha-1; and manure of 10 ton ha-1 + green fertilizer (Gliricidia sepium) of 10 ton ha-1 produced 9.89 ton ha-1. These treatments resulted significant crop yield compared to treatment without organic fertilizer, where the yield was about 5.7 ton ha-1. Therefore, organic fertilizer increased corn dry grain yield of 72.6%, 45.7%, and 56%, respectively compared to without organic fertilizer. Keywords: organic and inorganic fertilizers, growth, production, corn ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pemanfaatan pupuk kandang dan pupuk hijau (Gliricidia sepium) untuk mengurangi penggunaan pupuk anorganik pada tanaman jagung. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kabupaten Konawe Selatan pada bulan Januari - April 2016, menggunakan rancangan Petak Terbagi (RPT) yang terdiri dari dua faktor. Faktor 1 pupuk organik (P) sebagai petak utama terdiri dari 4 taraf perlakuan yaitu: P0: Tanpa pupuk kandang, P1: Pupuk kandang 20 ton ha-1, P2: Pupuk Hijau (Gliricidia sepium) 20 ton ha-1, dan P3: Pupuk kandang 10 ton ha-1 dan pupuk hijau (Gliricidia sepium) 10 ton ha-1. Faktor 2 pupuk anorganik sebagai anak petak (N) terdiri dari 3 taraf perlakuan yaitu: N: 100 % pupuk N, P, K rekomendari, N2: 75% pupuk N, P, K rekomendasi, N3: 50 % pupuk NPK rekomendasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pupuk organik dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan tinggi tanaman umur 60 dan 75 hst, jumlah daun 45 dan 75 hst, serapan hara N, P, K, bobot kering tongkol, panjang tongkol, diameter tongkol, bobot 100 biji, dan hasil pipilan kering tanaman. Perlakuan pupuk kandang 20 ton ha-1 memberikan hasil pipilan kering jagung sebesar 8,94 ton ha-1, pupuk hijau (Gliricidia sepium) 20 ton ha-1 sebesar 8,35 ton ha-1 dan pupuk kandang 10 ton ha-1 + pupuk hijau (Gliricidia sepium) 10 ton ha-1 sebear 9,89 ton ha-1 dan berbeda nyata dengan perlakuan tanpa pupuk organik yang hanya memberikan hasil 5,7 ton ha-1, sehingga pupuk organik meningkatkan hasil pipilan kering jagung berturut-turut sebesar 72,6,%, 45,7% dan 56% bila dibandingkan dengan tanpa pupuk organik.Kata kunci: pupuk organik dan anorganik, pertumbuhan, produksi, jagun
PRODUKSI BIOMASS DAN HASIL TANAMAN JAGUNG DENGAN PENERAPAN MODIFIKASI PERTANAMAN UNTUK PRODUKSI PANGAN DAN PAKAN DI NTB
No full textAssessment of Maize Cultivation for Biomass and Seeds production in West Nusa Tenggara. Maize plants are quite potential to support the development of livestock in the province of West Nusa Tenggara. The purpose of this assessment was to identify the seeds and biomass production of 4 varieties of maize cultivated in West Nusa Tenggara (NTB). The research was conducted on dry season (first dry season or second planting season) from April to July 2012. Planting procedure consisted of population setting and timing of pruning for biomass production. The research was designed following Nested Design with 4 varieties of maize which were 2 varieties of hybrid Bima 3 and Bisi 16, and 2 varieties of composite Srikandi Kuning and Lamuru. The assesment was carried out in two locations, the first location was Semangat Patuh Farmer Group in Dusun Bila Kembar of Suela Village of Suela Sub-district of East Lombok Regency and the second one was in Pendi Janggi Farmer Group in Dusun Sekokok of Jorok Village of Utan Sub-district of Sumbawa Regency. The cultivation of each variety was repeated by 5 farmers comprised of 20 research plots in each location. The results of the assessment indicated that Bima 3 varieties produced the most biomass in Suela (8.06 tons/ha) at 95 days after planting while Srikandi Kuning (6.75 tons/ha) at 40 days after planting produced the most biomass in Utan. Bima 3 varieties seed production in Suela is 5.34 tons/ha and in Utan is 7.7 tons/ha.Keywords: maize, biomass, seeds, feed, West Nusa TenggaraABSTRAK Tujuan pengkajian ini adalah untuk mengetahui potensi produksi biji dan biomass 4 (empat) varietas jagung yang ditanam untuk pangan dan pakan di Nusa Tenggara Barat (NTB). Pengkajian dilakukan pada musim kemarau I (MK I) atau musim tanam II (MT II) pada bulan April hingga Juli 2012. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah rancangan tersarang dengan 4 (empat) varietas jagung yaitu 2 varietas hibrida yaitu Bima 3 dan Bisi 16, dan 2 varietas komposit yaitu Srikandi Kuning dan Lamuru. Pengkajian dilakukan di dua lokasi yaitu di kelompok tani Semangat Patuh di Dusun Bila Kembar, Desa Suela Kecamatan Suela, Kabupaten Lombok Timur (lokasi pengkajian 1) dan di kelompok tani Pendi Janggi di Dusun Sekokok Desa Jorok kecamatan Utan Kabupaten Sumbawa (lokasi pengkajian 2). Pengkajian untuk setiap varietas diulang 5 kali dengan menggunakan lahan petani sebagai ulangan sehingga diperoleh 20 petak lahan penelitian (masing-masing seluas 0,05 ha) di masing-masing lokasi. Hasil pengkajian menunjukkan bahwa varietas Bima 3 menghasilkan biomass terbanyak di Suela (8,06 ton/ha) pada 95 HST sedangkan Srikandi Kuning (6,75 ton/ha) pada 40 hari setelah tanam (HST) menghasilkan biomass terbanyak di Utan. Produksi biji varietas Bima 3 di Kecamatan Suela sebesar 5,34 ton/ha dan di Kecamatan Utan sebesar 7,7 ton/ha.Kata kunci: jagung, biomassa, biji, pakan, Nusa Tenggara Barat
PERBEDAAN KAPASITAS DAN KAPABILITAS PETANI PADI DAN BAWANG MERAH DALAM UPAYA MENINGKATKAN PRODUKTIVITAS USAHATANI
Full text linkCapacity and Capability Differences on Rice and Shallot Farmers and the Impact on the Farming Productivity. During the last two decades there has been no stepping up in the production of rice and shallots farming. This is caused by low use of research innovation as well as the slow delivery of innovations to users. On the other hand, most of farmers' perceptions on extension workers are not entirely positive. The extension activities have not answered farmers need, and low impact on improving farmers' capacity and capability. The study objectives were (1) to analyze the differences on rice and shallot farmers capacity and capability, (2) to analyze the factors affected the farmers capacity and capability, and (3) to formulate a strategic approach to increase farmers capacity, capability and their farm productivity. The research was carried out through a structured survey of rice farmers in Subang and Boyolali Districts (n=270), and shallot farmers in Cirebon, Brebes, and Grobogan districts (n=249), from May to December 2018. The results of study showed that there was differences in capacity dan capability between rice farmers and shallot farmers affecting productivity among farmers and production gaps at the farm level. The use of innovation as a result of extension activities, had a high opportunity to increase in farmers' production and income. On shallots farmers the The productivity difference among farmers on shallot commodity was relatively high, because of the gap in the application of innovation in farming activities, so that the increase in capability did not directly affect on the production and income of farmers.
KAJIAN FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PILIHAN INOVASI PERTANIAN PERKOTAAN DI WILAYAH JAKARTA SEKITARNYA
Full text linkThe Study of Influencing Factors on The Decisions of Urban Farming’s Innovation in Jakarta and its Nearby Cities. Urban farming has begun to be widely known and interested by urban communities. In Indonesia, its development has considered as one of the food security efforts. Limitations on land and management skills became the basis of government programs by the Ministry of Agriculture to disseminate urban farming innovations, particularly in Jakarta by running the three of dissemination models consist of “Agro-park and Innovation-mart” (Tagrimart/TA), Extension Communication (KP) and Bio-industry (BI). The study aimed to determine the factors that influenced the decissions of urban farming innovation which were applied through three models of dissemination and the modifications that were carried out as creativities after the implementation of urban farming innovation. Jakarta and its nearby cities were selected as study area. Data was collected during October-November 2016. Analysis of the study was generated using correlation tests, multiple linear regression, and ordinal regression of 14 variables. Factors significantly influenced the number of applied innovation were dissemination channels, perception of the roles of urban farming, as well as knowledge and skills. Futhermore, the number of applied innovation became a significant influenced factor to creativity (the ability in modifying innovation). Pertanian perkotaan mulai banyak dikenal dan diminati masyarakat urban. Pengembangannya di Indonesia dianggap bagian dari upaya mewujudkan ketahanan pangan rumah tangga. Keterbatasan lahan dan keterampilan pengelolanya menjadi landasan program pemerintah khususnya Kementerian Pertanian untuk mendiseminasikan inovasi pertanian perkotaan, untuk wilayah Jakarta melalui model diseminasi Taman Agro dan Agro Inovasi mart (Tagrimart/TA), Komunikasi Penyuluh (KP), dan Bioindustri (BI). Kajian ini bertujuan mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pilihan inovasi pertanian perkotaan yang diterapkan melalui tiga model diseminasi tersebut. Jakarta dan sekitarnya dipilih sebagai lokasi kajian. Data dikumpulkan pada bulan Oktober-November tahun 2016. Analisis dilakukan menggunakan uji korelasi, regresi linear berganda, dan regresi ordinal terhadap total 14 variabel. Faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh signifikan terhadap jumlah inovasi yang diterapkan terdiri dari: saluran diseminasi, persepsi terhadap peran pertanian perkotaan, serta pengetahuan dan keterampilan. Lebih lanjut, faktor jumlah inovasi yang diterapkan memberikan pengaruh signifikan terhadap kreativitas (kemampuan dalam modifikasi inovasi)
ANALISIS KELAYAKAN EKONOMI USAHA TANI PALA DI KABUPATEN SITARO SULAWESI UTARA
Full text linkKomoditas pala merupakan salah satu unggulan pertanian Sulawesi Utara, yang salah satu produsennya di Kabupaten Sitaro. Secara ekonomi komoditas pala memiliki pengembangan yang prospektif, namun sejauh mana tingkat kelayakan ekonominya dari usahatani pala tersebut masih persoalan. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat kelayakan ekonomi pala di Kabupaten Sitaro. Pengumpulan data primer dilakukan di Kabupaten Sitaro pada bulan Juni hingga Desember 2016 melalui metode survey menggunakan teknik wawancara dengan kuesioner semi structural interview (SSI) dilengkapi diskusi kelompok terarah (Focus Group Discussion/FGD) pada tingkat kabupaten dan pada tingkat kecamatan. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis menggunakan indikator dan parameter ekonomi dengan menerapkan formula B/C, NPV, IRR, PP, dan Imbalan Riel Tenaga Kerja. Hasil analisis parsial usahatani pala di Kabupaten Sitaro tergolong menguntungkan dan layak secara ekonomi. Dengan menerapkan tingkat tingkat suku bunga Bank masing-masing dengan skenario, 12, 15, dan 18 % perolehan analisis IRR semua bernilai positif. Pay Back Periode investasi usahatani pala mencapai 12,3 tahun, serta imbalan riel tenaga kerja mencapai 1,9 kali lipat dari upah riel yang berlaku. Meskipun demikian, usahatani pala di Kabupaten Sitaro masih berpeluang ditingkatkan optimalisasinya hingga mendekati kapasitas produksi pala yang direkomendasikan. Bimbingan teknis agronomis dan sistem kelembagaan sistem usahatani/produksi merupakan suatu keniscayaan untuk mendukung peningkatan optimalisasi produksi pala di Kabupaten Sitaro
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN KONSENTRAT TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN KECERNAAN PAKAN PADA PENGGEMUKAN SAPI BALI
Full text linkABSTRACTThe Effect of Providing Concentrate to Growth And Feed Digestibility on Bali Cattle FatteningResearch on the effect of giving concentrate on the growth and digestibility of feed in Bali cattle fattening has been carried out in the Rare Angon farmers group, Gelgel village, Klungkung district, Klungkung regency, Bali from March - September 2018. The study used a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 3 feed treatments. The treatments tested were R0: Cows given forage + 1.0 kg concentrate / tail / day (without soy flour) + 5 ml bio cas / head / day, R1: Cows given forage + 1.0 kg concentrate / tail / day (5% soy flour) + 5 ml bio cas / tail / day, and R2: Cows given forage + 1.0 kg concentrate / tail / day (10% soy flour) + 5 ml bio cas / tail /day. The parameters observed were daily body weight gain, feed consumption, feed conversion, dry matter digestibility, energy digestibility and protein digestibility. Observation data were analyzed by analysis of variance, if the treatment had a significant effect (P <0.05), it was followed by a 5% LSD test. The results showed that feed treatment had no effect on weight gain, consumption of BK rations, FCR, and protein digestibility. The treatment significantly affected the digestibility coefficient of dry matter and energy digestibility. R1 treatment gives the highest coefficient of dry matter digestibility and energy digestibility not significantly different from R2 but the two treatments are significantly different from R0. Increasing soybean flour to 10% in concentrate has not been followed by a significant increase in the daily weight gain of fattening cattle with an average of R1 (0.69 kg / head / day), R2 (0.68 kg / head / day) ) and the lowest is R0 (0.64 kg / head / day).Keywords: concentrate, growth, feed digestibility, fattened Bali cattleABSTRAKPenelitian pengaruh pemberian konsentrat terhadap pertumbuhan dan kecernaan pakan pada penggemukan sapi bali telah dilaksanakan di Kelompok Ternak Rare Angon, Desa Gelgel, Kecamatan Klungkung, Kabupaten Klungkung, Bali dari bulan Maret - September 2018. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan 3 perlakuan pakan. Perlakuan yang diuji adalah R0: Sapi-sapi diberikan hijauan + 1,0 kg konsentrat/ekor/hari (tanpa tepung kedelai) + 5 ml bio cas/ekor/hari, R1: Sapi-sapi diberikan hijauan + 1,0 kg konsentrat/ekor/hari (5% tepung kedelai) + 5 ml bio cas/ekor/hari, dan R2: Sapi-sapi diberikan hijauan + 1,0 kg konsentrat/ekor/hari (10% tepung kedelai) + 5 ml bio cas/ekor/hari. Parameter yang diamati adalah pertambahan bobot badan harian, konsumsi ransum, konversi ransum, koefisien cerna bahan kering, kecernaan energi dan kecernaan protein. Data pengamatan dianalisis dengan sidik ragam, jika perlakuan berpengaruh nyata (P<0,05) maka dilanjutkan dengan uji BNT 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perlakuan pakan tidak berpengaruh terhadap pertabahan berat badan, konsumsi BK ransum, FCR, dan kecernaan protein. Perlakuan berpengaruh nyata terhadap koefisien cerna bahan kering dan kecernaan energi. Perlakuan R1 memberikan koefisien cerna bahan kering dan kecernaan energi yang tertinggi tidak berbeda nyata dengan R2 namun kedua perlakuan berbeda nyata dengan R0. Peningkatan pemberian tepung kedelai sampai 10% pada konsentrat belum diikuti oleh peningkatan pertambahan berat harian ternak sapi penggemukan secara nyata dengan rata-rata berturut-turut R1 (0,69 kg/ekor/hari), R2 (0,68 kg/ekor/hari) dan terendah dihasilkan R0 (0,64 kg/ekor/hari).Kata kunci: konsentrat, pertumbuhan, kecernaan pakan, sapi bali penggemuka
KERAGAAN VARIETAS PADI MUSIM TANAM II MELALUI INOVASI TEKNOLOGI PADA LAHAN SAWAH TADAH HUJAN DI KABUPATEN KONAWE SELATAN PROVINSI SULAWESI TENGGARA
Full text linkPerformance of Rice Varieties in the Second Plant Season Through Technological Innovation on Rainfed Lands in South Konawe District Southeast Sulawesi Province. Ministry of Agriculture has targeted food self-sufficiency since 2015. Rainfed lowland rice fields are land which in a year is planted with at least one paddy with irrigation depending on rainfall. One effort to increase rice production in rainfed lowland rice fields is through the introduction of new high yielding varieties (HYVs) produced by the Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development (IAARD). The research objective was to assess the performance of rice crop varieties in the second planting season (June - October) conducted by Assessment Institute for Agricultural Technology on rainfed lowland in South Konawe District, Southeast Sulawesi Province. The assessment used four rice varieties as treatments which were Inpari 6, Inpari 15, Inpari 30 and Ciherang and six replications. The results showed that the Inpari 6 and Inpari 30 HYVs demonstrated the best plant growth while Inpari 6 performanced the highest dry grain production which was 5.72 t/ha. Inpari 6 and Inpari 30 were potential HYVs of rice developed on rainfed lowland in South Konawe District. HYVs which had been tested on rainfed lowland in study site had an early maturity, high productivity as well a sresistant to plant hopper pests and leaf blight. The profit of farming by implementing Inpari 6 was 11,432,525 IDR with R/C of 2.11 asfor Inpari 30 VUB was 10,570,825 IDR with R/C of 1.33.Keywords: rice, new high yielding varieties, rainfed land, performance ABSTRAKKementerian Pertanian telah menargetkan swasa sembada pangan sejak tahun 2015. Lahan sawah tadah hujan adalah lahan yang dalam setahunnya minimal ditanami satu kali padi sawah dengan pengairannya bergantung pada curah hujan. Salah satu upaya untuk meningkatkan produksi padi pada lahan sawah tadah hujan yaitu melalui introduksi varietas unggul baru (VUB) yang dihasilkan Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian. Tujuan penelitian yaitu mengkaji keragaan varietas tanaman padi pada musim tanam II (Juni – Oktober) melalui inovasi teknologi pertanian pada lahan sawah tadah hujan di Kabupaten Konawe Selatan, Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara. Pengkajian menggunakan 4 (empat) perlakuan varietas padi yaitu Inpari 6, Inpari 15, Inpari 30 dan Ciherang. Rancangan Penelitian Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) sebanyak 4 (empat) perlakuan dengan 6 (enam) ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa VUB Inpari 6 dan Inpari 30 memberikan pertumbuhan tanaman terbaik sedangkan VUB Inpari 6 memberikan produksi gabah kering panen tertinggi yaitu 5,72 t/ha pada lahan sawah tadah hujan di Kabupaten Konawe Selatan. VUB Inpari 6 dan Inpari 30 merupakan VUB padi yang potensial dikembangkan pada lahan sawah tadah hujan di Kabupaten Konawe Selatan. VUB yang telah diujikan pada lahan sawah tadah hujan di lokasi kajian memiliki umur genjah, produktivitas tinggi, tahan terhadap hama wereng batang dan penyakit hawar daun. Keuntungan usahatani dengan menggunakan Inpari 6 sebesar Rp. 11.432.525 dengan R/C 2,11 sedangkan Inpari 30 sebesar Rp. 10.570.825 dengan R/C 2,33.Kata kunci: padi, varietas unggul baru, lahan sawah tadah hujan, keragaa
RESPONS PETANI TERHADAP VARIETAS UNGGUL BARU PADI GOGO DI SULAWESI SELATAN
Full text linkABSTRAKPadi gogo merupakan komoditas tanaman pangan yang turut mendukung swasembada pangan. Kebutuhan pangan, khususnya beras terus meningkat seiring dengan pertumbuhan jumlah penduduk. Karena semakin tingginga kebutuhan pangan dan semakin sempitnya lahan subur, karena alih fungsi lahan. Maka pemanfaatan lahan sub optimal dengan komoditas tanaman pangan yang sesuai. Potensi lahan sub optimal di Sulawesi Selatan mencapai 274.549 ha. tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui bagaimana pemanfaatan lahan sub optimal dan penilaian petani terhadap padi gogo. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kabupaten Wajo dan Jeneponto pada bulan Januari hingga Desember 2017. Penelitian menggunakan metode survei dan displai tanaman padi VUB Badan Litbang Pertanian di lapangan. Jumlah petani yang diambil sebagai sampel sebanyak 80 petani. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan metode wawancara dan pengamatan vegetatif dan gereratif displai tanaman padi gogo. Data yang terkumpul kemudian ditabulasi selanjutnya dianalisis secara deskriptif dan uji kesepakatan serta kelayakan usaha. Kegiatan usahatani padi pada lahan sub optimal dilakukan oleh petani yang memiliki usia produktif. Penerapan teknologi usahatani padi pada lahan sub optimal belum intensif. Displai tanaman padi gogo VUB hasil Badan Litbang Pertanian sesuai ditanam pada lahan sub optimal lahan kering maupun lahan sawah irigasi terbatas. Pemahaman petani terhadap padi gogo unggul belum optimal (77,50 %). Preferensi petani siqnifikan terhadap petani gogo unggul. Usahatani padi gogo yang dikelola oleh petani memberikan pendapatan (implisif) Rp. 4.575.000/ha, (eksplisif) Rp. 7.245.000/ha, dan R/C (implisif) 1,62 serta (eksplisif) 2,53. Kata Kunci : Padi gogo, VUB, lahan, dan sub optimal. ABSTRACTThe Gogo rice is a food crop that contributes to food self-sufficiency. Food demand, especially rice continues to increase along with population growth. Because of the higher food needs and the narrowness of fertile land, due to land conversion function. So the utilization of sub-optimal land with appropriate food crops. The potence of sub-optimal area in South Sulawesi is 274,549 ha. The purpose of this research is to know how sub optimal land use and farmer appraisal to gogo rice. This research was conducted in Wajo and Jeneponto Regencyies in January to December 2017. The research used survey method and display of rice plant NSV of Agricultural Research Agency in the field. The number of farmers taken as a sample of 80 farmers. Technique of collecting data by interview method and observation of vegetative and gereratif of display gogo rice plant. The collected data are then tabulated and then analyzed descriptively and test the agreement and business feasibility. The activities of rice farming on sub optimal land are done by farmers who have productive age. The application of rice farming technology to sub optimal land has not been intensive yet. Displai VOG rice plant VUB results Agricultural Research Agency appropriate to be planted on sub-optimal land of dry land and irrigated rice fields limited. Understanding farmers on superior gogo rice is not optimal (77.50%). Farmer's preference to superior gogo farmers. Rice farming farmed by farmers provide income (implicative) Rp. 4.575.000 / ha, (explicit) Rp. 7.245.000 / ha, and R / C (implicative) 1.62 and (explicit) 2.53.Keywords: Upland rice, VUB, land, and sub optimal
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN LUBANG TANAM PERMANEN DALAM BUDIDAYA JAGUNG TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN VEGATIF DAN GENERATIF DI LAHAN KERING BERIKLIM KERING
No full textABSTRACT The Effect of Using Permanent Planting Holes on Vegative and Generative Growth of Corn in Dryland with Dry Climate. The assessment of maize cultivation using permanent planting holes in dry land, rocky and dry climates executed in Kupang District involving 24 farmers of the Tunas Muda farmer group, from November 2018 to February 2019. The assessment aims to know the effectiveness of using permanent planting holes in maize cultivation in dry land, rocky and dry climate, using Lamuru varieties. Permanent planting holes filled with 7 kg of compost and soil mixed, covered with straw. Each hole filled with one seeds, spacing of 40 x 40 x 80 cm. In the conventional way, it is not fertilized, with 2 seeds each holes, spacing 40 x 80 cm. Observed vegetatif parameter, focusing on plant height (cm), growth rate (%), and root length (cm). Plant height measurements once every 2 weeks, while root length was measured after the plants were harvested at 107 dap. The generative parameters measured were maize cob length (cm), cob circumference (cm), number of cob, and dry shell weight (g). Based on the different test (t student), it is known: all vegetative and generative growth parameters of maize planted in permanent holes show higher performance and are statistically significantly different compared to obtained from conventional maize planting. The use of permanent planting holes in maize cultivation in dry land, and dry climates where rocky soils are more effective, can increase maize productivity.Key words: maize, lamuru, permanent planting holes, dry land, dry climate ABSTRAK Pengkajian budidaya jagung menggunakan lubang tanam permanen di lahan kering beriklim kering dan berbatu-batu, telah dilakukan di Kabupaten Kupang melibatkan 24 orang petani anggota kelompok tani Tunas Muda, pada November 2018 sampai Februari 2019. Tujuan pengkajian untuk mengetahui tingkat efektivitas penggunaan lubang tanam permanen dalam budidaya jagung di lahan kering iklim kering yang berbatu-batu. Jagung yang ditanam, varietas Lamuru. Lubang tanam permanen diisi kompos 7 kg dicampur tanah kemudian ditutup jerami. Tiap lubang diisi satu butir benih jagung, jarak tanam 40 x 40 x 80 cm. Pada cara konvensional, tidak dipupuk, karena struktur tanahnya berbatu-batu. Tiap lubang tanaman diisi 2 butir benih, jarak tanam 40 x 80 cm. Parameter pertumbuhan vegetatif yang diamati, fokus pada tinggi tanaman (cm), laju pertumbuhan tinggi tanaman (%), dan panjang akar (cm). Pengukuran tinggi tanaman dilakukan 2 minggu sekali, sedangkan panjang akar diukur setelah tanaman dipanen pada umur 107 HST. Parameter generatif yang diukur adalah panjang tongkol (cm), lingkar tongkol (cm), jumlah tongkol (buah), dan berat pipilan kering (g). Berdasarkan uji beda (t student), diketahui: semua parameter pertumbuhan vegetatif dan generatif tanaman jagung yang ditanam pada lubang permanen menunjukkan keragaan yang lebih tinggi dan secara statistik berbeda nyata dibandingkan dengan parameter vegetatif dan generatif yang diperoleh dari lubang tanam jagung konvensional. Hal itu menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan lubang tanam permanen pada budidaya jagung di lahan kering iklim kering yang tanahnya berbatu cukup efektif, mampu meningkatkan produktivitas jagung.Kata kunci: jagung, lamuru, lubang tanam permanen, lahan kering, iklim kerin