Jurnal Pengkajian dan Pengembangan Teknologi Pertanian
Not a member yet
324 research outputs found
Sort by
AN ECOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF SITU BABAKAN LAKE FOR AGROTOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN JAKARTA
Get PDFSitu Babakan telah ditetapkan sebagai salah satu daerah tujuan wisata di wilayah Propinsi DKI Jakartakarena berada ditengah-tengah lokasi pengembangan Perkampungan Budaya Betawi di Kotamadya JakartaSelatan. Sebuah pengkajian telah dilakukan dalam upaya membantu pemerintah untuk mengembangkan danau inisebagai wilayah agrowisata. Tujuan dari pengkajian ini adalah untuk a) mempelajari kualitas air dari danautersebut dan b) mengetahui persepsi tentang pengembangan danau sebagai wilayah agrowisata dari masyarakatyang tinggal di sekitar danau dan dari tamu yang mengunjungi danau. Dari pengkajian ini diperoleh hasil bahwaa) danau Situ Babakan mempunyai potensi yang baik untuk dikembangkan sebagai wilayah agrowisata yangdiperlihatkan oleh kualitas air danau yang cukup baik; b) baik penduduk yang tinggal di sekitar danau maupuntamu yang mengunjungi danau sangat mengharapkan agar danau ini dikembangkan secara profesional danberkelanjutan sebagai wilayah agroturisme. Saran kebijakan untuk pengembangan situ Babakan adalah : a) perlupenataan tata ruang di wilayah sekitar situ, b) perlu melibatkan masyarakat setempat dalam pengembangan situBabakan, c) sumber-sumber pencemar perairan situ Babakan perlu dikendalikan dengan sebaik-baiknya, sehinggakualitas perairan situ dapat dipertahankan, d) penataan KJA (Keramba Jaring Apung) perlu dilakukan agarkeindahan dan kelestarian situ dapat dipertahankan.Kata Kunci : pengkajian lingkungan, pengembangan agro wisata, danau Situ Babakan Situ Babakan Lake is determined as one of tourism areas in DKI Jakarta province due to its strategiclocation in the center of Betawi Cultural Village development in South Jakarta municipality. This assessment wasaimed at assisting the local government in developing the lake as an agro-tourism area. Specifically, objectives ofthe study were (a) to study water quality of the lake, and (b) to know perceptions of surrounding community andvisiting tourists regarding the development of the lake as an agro-tourism area. The results showed that (a) SituBabakan showed its potential for an agro-tourism area due to its good water quality, (b) local community andvisiting tourists expected that the local government should promote the lake as sustainable and professionallydeveloped agro-tourism area.. Policy recommendations of the study are: (a) local government has to properlydesign the surrounding area of the lake, (b) involving local community in developing the lake as an agro-tourismarea, (c) controlling sources of pollution to sustain water quality of the lake, and (d) existing floating nets are to bemaintained for its best scenic views of the area.Key words: environmental assessment, agro-tourism development, Situ Babakan lak
KAJIAN PENGGUNAAN PUPUK ORGANIK SAMPAH KOTA MAKASSAR PADA TANAMAN CABAI (Capsicum annum L)
Get PDFAn assessment aimed to find out the benefit application at organic fertilizer from city garbage on red pepperplanting in lowland-after rice with inceptisols Bajeng-Gowa district, South Sulawesi. The study was carried out fromJune to October 2000. Assessment was set in randomized block design with nine treatments and three replications.Treatments consist to several level of organic fertilizers from city garbage and combination of inorganic and organicfertilizers. Result showed that application of landfill’s organic fertilizer (LOF) and its combination with inorganicfertilizer were useful positively in term of growth and yield improvement of red pepper, as well as increased inincome. Application of 50 kg urea + 100 kg SP-36 + 100 kg KCl + 6,0 t LOF/ha resulted the highest production of redpepper (11,872 kg/ha) with net income of Rp. 33.132.000 and VCR of 3,0. The higher rate application of landfill’sorganic fertilizer, the more benefit would be gained. Application of 10,0 t LOF gave fresh fruit production of 9,616kg/ha, higher than that recommended fertilizer of 150 kg urea + 150 kg SP-36 + 150 kg KCl / ha (8,706 kg/ha), andyielded net income of Rp. 23.990.000, and VCR of 1,8. Subsequently, application of 50 kg urea + 20 t LOF / ha stillindicated good yield, fresh fruit production reached was 7,618 kg/ha, with net income of Rp. 22.443.000 / ha, andVCR of 2,5. Recommended fertilizer on red pepper planting in low land after rice with Inceptisols Soil in Bajeng was50 kg Urea + 2-6 t OF TPA/ha.Key words : garbage, organic fertilizers, wetland, Capsicum annum L., South Sulawesi Suatu kajian yang bertujuan untuk melihat manfaat penggunaan pupuk organik sampah dari tempatpembuangan akhir (TPA) pada tanaman cabai telah dilakukan di lahan sawah sesudah padi, pada tanah InceptisolBajeng, Gowa, Sulawesi Selatan. Kajian berlangsung bulan Juni sampai dengan Oktober 2000. Kajian disusunmenurut Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan sembilan perlakuan dan tiga ulangan (petani representatif dari ulangan).Perlakuan terdiri dari berbagai takaran pupuk organik sampah TPA dengan kombinasi pupuk anorganik dan organik.Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi pupuk organik (PO) TPA dan kombinasinya dengan pupuk anorganikpositif terhadap perbaikan pertumbuhan dan hasil cabai, serta pendapatan. Penggunaan 50 kg urea + 100 kg SP-36 +100 kg KCl + 6,0 t PO TPA tunggal menghasilkan produksi cabai tertinggi (11.872 kg/ha) dengan keuntungan sebesarRp. 33.132.000 dan VCR 3,0. Aplikasi 10 t PO TPA/ha menghasilkan produksi buah segar 9.616 kg/ha, lebih tinggidaripada hasil yang diperoleh dengan penggunaan paket pupuk rekomendasi, 150 kg urea + 150 kg SP-36 + 150 kgKCl/ha (8.706 kg/ha), dengan tingkat keuntungan Rp. 23.990.000, dan nilai VCR sebesar 1,8. Selanjutnya, aplikasi 50kg urea + 2,0 t PO TPA/ha mampu memberi hasil yang cukup menggembirakan, produksi buah segar sebanyak 7.618kg/ha, keuntungan sebesar Rp. 22.443.000 /ha, dan nilai VCR 2,5. Rekomendasi pemupukan pada cabai yangdiharapkan dapat bermanfaat sebesar-besarnya bagi petani adalah 50 kg Urea + 2-6 t PO TPA/ha.Kata kunci : sampah, pupuk organik, lahan sawah, cabai, Sulawesi Selata
PENGUJIAN BEBERAPA GALUR UNGGULAN PADI DATARAN TINGGI DI KABUPATEN KERINCI PROPINSI JAMBI
Get PDFThe Performance of Superior Upland Rice Genotype In Kerinci District Jambi Province. The mainobstacle of raising national rice production for the last few years is the difficulty to identify the new high yieldingvariety adaptive to wide growth environment. Development of new high yielding varieties adaptive for specificlocation can be increase rice production and finally can be increase the income of farmer. The yield trials forsome elite lines in different agro ecological ecosystem could identify a new superior genotype adaptive for botha specific location or wide growth environment. The yield trial for upland rice ecosystem was done for two yearsin DS 2006 and 2007. The research was done in Koto Dua Lama Semurup Village, Air Hangat sub distric, Kerincidistric Jambi province. The material consisted of 8 genotypes included check Sarinah. The trials was arranged inrancomized completed block design with 3 replications. The 21 old seedling was planted in 2.5x5 m2 plot sizewith 20 x 20 cm width spacing. The result suggested that RUTTST85B-5-2-2-2-0 was the superior genotype forupland rice in Jambi province. The grain yield of the genotype was 7.19 and 5.8 t/ha or 6.3% and 16% highercompared to that of Sarinah in DS 2006 and 2007 respectively whereas BP1356-1G-KN-4 had the least grain yield(4.87 t/ha dan 4.15 t/ha).The yield component analysis showed the RUTTST85B-5-2-2-2-0 had more productivetiller number, more filled grain and less unfilled grain than that of Sarinah. Further yield trials and resistanceof leaf blast and neck blast desease should be done to reveale the advantages of this genotype over Sarinah.Key words : Genotype, rice, productivity up land Kendala utama peningkatan produksi padi nasional selama beberapa tahun terakhir antara lain adalahsulitnya mendapatkan varietas unggul baru (VUB) padi yang mempunyai potensi hasil tinggi dan adaptif denganlingkungan tumbuhnya. Pengembangan/pemasyarakatan padi varietas unggul baru (VUB) merupakan salah satuterobosan dalam upaya peningkatan produktivitas dan produksi padi serta pendapatan petani. Kegiatan pengujiangalur harapan padi sawah dataran tinggi dilaksanakan di Desa Koto Dua Lama Semurup Kecamatan Air HangatKabupaten Kerinci Provinsi Jambi pada MK 2006 dan 2007. Pengujian bertujuan untuk mendapatkan varietaspadi yang berdaya hasil tinggi dan adaptif di dataran tinggi. Pengujian dilaksanakan menggunakan RancanganAcak Kelompok dengan 3 ulangan. Pengujian ini terdiri dari 8 galur termasuk varietas pembanding Sarinah.Hasil pengujian memperlihatkan bahwa hasil tertinggi pada MK2006 dan MK 2007 berturut- pada galurRUTTST85B-5-2-2-2-0 (7,19 ton GKG /ha dan 5,80 ton GKG /ha) dan terendah pada galur BP1356-1G-KN-4(4,87 t/ha dan 4,15 t/ha GKP). Produksi galur RUTTST85B-5-2-2-2-0 6,3 – 16% lebih tinggi dari produksivarietas pembanding Sarinah (6,77 t GKP/ha dan 5 t GKP/ha). Berdasarkan data keragaan tanaman dan komponenhasil terlihat bahwa galur RUTTST85B-5-2-2-2-0 memiliki potensi produksi tinggi, tahan terhadap hama danpenyakit blas daun dan blas leher serta toleran terhadap cekaman suhu tinggi dibandingkan dengan varietas Sarinah.Kata kunci : Galur padi unggulan, produktivitas, dataran tingg
PENGARUH POLA KREDIT PENGADAAN BIBIT TERHADAP KINERJA PENGEMBANGAN SAPI POTONG PADA PETERNAK KECIL DI PROVINSI JAMBI
No full textA research aiming at determining the influence of credit scheme for breeding stock on the performance of beef cattle development for smallholder farmers was conducted in the middle of 2006. The research was held through a survey on 183 respondents divided into two groups of credit recipients, who received credit with Full Inkind and Cash Credit schemes. The location of the survey was three development areas of beef cattle in Jambi Province: Singkut, Regency of Sarolangun; Pamenang, Regency of Merangin; and Kuamang Kuning, Regency of Bungo. The aspects of cattle development observed were performance of breeding activities, feed supply, and cattle management. The results of the research showed that there were more heifers obtained from Cash Credit scheme (50%) to become acceptors of Artificial Insemination program than heifers were obtained from Full Inkind scheme (7%). Birth Rate of the heifers from Full Inkind scheme (0.51 + 0.02 heads/year) was significantly lower than it was from Cash Credit scheme (0.84+0.08 heads/year). Mortality Rate of calves from Cash Credit scheme (1.7%) was lower than it was from Full Inkind scheme (6.5%). There number of respondents from Cash Credit scheme who planted grasses (71%) and gave concentrate to their animals (46%) was higher than they were from Full Inkind, respectively 28% and 16%. Respondents received Cash Credit Scheme had more positive attitude toward Beef Cattle Development than those who received Full Inkind scheme. The conclusion was that Cash Credit scheme in providing breeding stocks for smallholder farmers in Jambi Province had a better influence on the performance of beef cattle development than Full Inkind scheme did. Therefore, the researcher recommended to the government to reevaluate the existence of Full Inkind scheme. Key words: credit scheme, beef cattle development Suatu penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pola kredit pengadaan bibit terhadap kinerja pengembangan ternak sapi potong pada peternak kecil telah dilaksanakan pada pertengahan tahun 2006. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan melalui suatu survey terhadap 183 responden, yang dibagi dalam dua kelompok yaitu peternak yang menerima kredit dengan pola Gaduhan Murni dan Kredit Tunai. Survey dilakukan di tiga kawasan pengembangan ternak sapi potong di Provinsi Jambi yaitu: Kawasan Singkut, Kabupaten Sarolangun; Kawasan Pamenang, Kabupaten Merangin; dan Kawasan Kuamang Kuning, Kabupaten Bungo. Aspek yang diamati meliputi kinerja pengembangan bibit ternak, penyediaan pakan dan manajemen pengelolaan ternak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa induk yang diperoleh dari pola Kredit Tunai lebih banyak (50%) yang menjadi akseptor program Inseminasi Buatan dibandingkan dengan penerima kredit pola Gaduhan Murni (7%). Angka kelahiran induk yang diperoleh dari kredit pola Gaduhan Murni (0,51+0,02 ekor/ tahun) sangat nyata lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan induk yang diperoleh dari kredit pola Kredit Tunai (0,84 + 0,08 ekor/ tahun). Angka kematian anak pada penerima Kredit Tunai (1,7%) lebih rendah daripada kematian anak pada penerima Gaduhan Murni (6,5%). Jumlah peternak yang menerima Kredit Tunai yang menanam rumput unggul (71%) dan memberikan konsentrat kepada ternaknya (46%) lebih banyak dibandingkan pada peternak yang menerima Gaduhan Murni yaitu masing-masing 28% dan 16%. Peternak penerima Kredit Tunai memiliki Sikap terhadap Pengembangan Sapi Potong yang lebih baik daripada penerima Gaduhan Murni. Dari hasil penelitian ini disimpulkan bahwa pola Kredit Tunai untuk pengadaan bibit ternak pada peternak kecil di Provins Jambi mempunyai pengaruh yang lebih baik terhadap kinerja pengembangan sapi potong dibandingkan dengan poly Gaduhan Murni. Oleh karena itu direkomendasikan kepada pemerintah untuk meninjau kembali penerapan kredi pengadaan ternak dengan pola Gaduhan Murni.Kata kunci: pola kredit, pengembangan sapi poton
PENGEMBANGAN TEKNOLOGI PENGOLAHAN YOGHURT KERANDANG (Canavalia virosa) DAN ANALISA USAHANYA
Get PDFProcessing Technology Development of Kerandang (Canavalia virosa) Yoghurt and Its Effort Analysis. Kerandang (Canalia virosa) is one of the agricultural commodities grown in the land of sand beach inYogyakarta, but the utilization is not optimal because it only fed to livestock when the protein content of the seeds reached 37%. This study aims to: 1) produce a form of refined products kerandang yoghurt; 2) know thephysicochemical characteristics; and 3) acceptance of kerandang yoghurt panellists as well as economic analysis processing. The experiment was conducted in the laboratory postharvest, BPTP Yogyakarta in March-July 2009.Experimental design used was randomized complete design with two factors and four replications. The first factor is the dilution of kerandang cider (eight and ten times the kerandang weight) and the second factor is thepercentage of sugars added (5% and 10% of the volume of kerandang juice after dilution). The results showed that the kerandang yoghurt preferred was yoghurt made with dilutions of 1:10 and sugars added 10% (P2Y). Thisyoghurt had a pH of 4, the levels of lactic acid 2.16% and 34.09 ppm HCN levels that are safe for human consumption. Kerandang processing into yoghurt is quite profitable with RC ratio value of 1.59
PENGKAJIAN KERAGAAN USAHATANI DAN SISTEM DISTRIBUSI BIBIT KENTANG DI JAWA BARAT
Get PDFAssessment on potato-seed production performance and distribution system in Pangalengan, Rancabali, andCiwideuy Subdistricts, Bandung district, West Java was conducted in 2002. Objectives of this study are: 1) to identifyand collect some “data’ on distribution system of potato seed (seedling), and 2) to arrange and present some “database” on distribution system potato seed (seedling). Data of the study were collected through desk study(literature/report review), and rapid rural appraisal (RRA) approaches. Results of the study indicated that theproductivity and efficiency of potato/potato-seed production in West Java were relatively low. It is possible enhance low productivity and low efficiency of potato seed yields through intensification program focused onbalanced fertilizer application rates, farm management, pest control, as well as harvesting and post-harvest technologyimprovement. The production of high quality potato-seed in West Java during the period of 2002 satisfied only 1.6percent (560.8 ton) of the province’s need (35,787.6 ton) because of low productivity of potato-seed production farmer level as well as unbalanced distribution of potato-seed production. In 2002, about 60.8% of potato-seedproduction in West Java (1,430.6 ton) was distributed to other provinces, namely Sumatera (32.2%), Central Java(14.3%), East Java (3.6%), and Sulawesi (10.7%). In general, market structure of potato-seed in West Java wasrelatively competitive. Distribution of potato-seed was relatively efficient with margin of 19.2-30.8 percent and theseed growers received about 76.5% of the retail price. To develop sustainable potato seed production in West Java, is necessary to improve productivity and efficiency of farming system as well as to create conducive socio-economicconditions of the growers.Key words : farming system, potato-seed, productivity, efficiency, market margin.Pengkajian terhadap keragaan usahatani pembibitan kentang dan sistem distribusinya dilaksanakan kecamatan Pangalengan, Rancabali, dan Ciwideuy, Kabupaten Bandung, Jawa Barat pada tahun 2002. Tujuanpengkajian ini adalah: mengidentifikasi dan mengumpulkan data sistem distribusi bibit kentang, serta menyusun danmenyajikan “data base” sistem distribusi bibit kentang. Pendekatan yang digunakan berupa desk study (studiliterature/laporan) dan rapid rural appraisal (RRA). Hasil pengkajian menunjukkan bahwa produktivitas dan efisiensiusahatani kentang di tingkat petani Jawa Barat masih relatif rendah. Kedua aspek ini berpeluang untuk ditingkatkanmelalui program intensifikasi dengan memberikan prioritas terhadap penerapan pupuk berimbang, perbaikanpengendalian hama dan penyakit, perbaikan manajemen usahatani, dan perbaikan panen serta pasca- panen. Darikebutuhan bibit kentang bermutu sebesar 35.787,6 ton pada tahun 2002, ternyata hanya dapat terpenuhi 1,6% (560,8ton) oleh penangkar bibit. Penyebab utamanya adalah produktivitas bibit di tingkat penangkar bibit relatif rendah.Selain itu, sebagian besar (60,8%) produksi bibit yang mencapai 1.430,6 ton dimanfaatkan oleh provinsi lain, sepertiSumatera (32,2%), Jawa Tengah (14,3%), Jawa Timur (3,6%), dan Sulawesi (10,7%). Struktur pasar kentang dan bibitkentang sangat kompetitif karena banyaknya pelaku pasar yang menampung hasil panen dengan permintaan yangsangat tinggi. Sistem distribusi bibit kentang cukup efisien dengan margin pemasaran moderat (19,2-30,8%) danpetani menerima 76,5 persen dari harga konsumen. Untuk mengembangkan usahatani kentang secara berkelanjutan Jawa Barat, disamping peningkatan produktivitas dan efisiensi usahatani juga perlu diupayakan tindakan strategislainnya terutama dengan menciptakan kondisi sosial dan ekonomi yang kondusif.Kata kunci : usahatani, bibit kentang, produktivitas, efisiensi, margin pemasara
ANALISIS KEUNGGULAN KOMPETITIF BEBERAPA TANAMAN PALAWIJA DI LAHAN PASANG SURUT KALIMANTAN TENGAH
Get PDFPalawija crops are the second important crops after rice. Tidal swamp areas are the potential land in CentralKalimantan where farmers are growing palawija, in addition to rice. This analysis of competitive advantage onpalawija crops is carried out to identify: (1) competitive advantage of palawija crops on tidal swamp, and (2)supporting factors for development of palawija farming system. Uisnga purposive smapling method, the assessmentwas conducted through a farm survey in four villages, namely Lamunti and Dadahup resettlements in Kapuas Murungdistrict, Talio Hulu in Pandih Batu district, and Kanamit in Maliku district, Kapuas regency. A number of 15 farmersper village were randomly selected. Results of the assessment showed that: (1) soybean, corn, groundnut and sweetpotatoes farmings were financially profitable in all of the villages study area; (2) soybean, corn, groundnut and sweetpotatoes farmings would still be profitable even if their yields were below the current yields, (3) in Dadahup andLamunti, corn farming was competitive over soybean and groundnut if its yields were more than 1.033 kg/ha and1.362 kg/ha, respectively; while in Talio Hulu and Kanamit the minimum yield for corn to be competitive oversoybean was 1.081 kg/ha and over groundnut was 1.552 kg/ha. The main problems faced by the farmers in these areaswere transportation and credit facilities. Therefore, roads development and agricultural credit with low interest rate areurgently required.Key words: competitive advantage, palawija, tidal swamp, Central Kalimantan.Di Kalimantan Tengah, palawija merupakan komoditas terpenting kedua setelah padi. Lahan pasang surutyang luas merupakan potensi yang besar bagi pengembangan tanaman palawija di provinsi ini. Analisis keunggulankompetitif beberapa tanaman palawija di Kalimantan Tengah, bertujuan untuk; (i) mengetahui tingkat keunggulankompetitif dari usahatani beberapa tanaman palawija (kedelai, jagung, kacang tanah dan ubi jalar) di lahan pasangsurut, (ii) mengetahui faktor-faktor pendukung yang diperlukan untuk mengembangkan usahatani komoditas ini.Kegiatan pengkajian dilaksanakan dengan metode survai. Daerah pengkajian ditentukan secara purposive, di empatdesa yaitu Lamunti dan Dadahup (Kecamatan Kapuas Murung), Talio Hulu (Kecamatan Pandih Batu) dan Kanamit(Kecamatan Maliku), semuanya di Kabupaten Kapuas. Dari masing-masing desa dipilih secara acak 15 petani yangmengusahakan palawija. Hasil pengkajian menunjukkan bahwa; (1) usahatani kedelai, jagung, kacang tanah dan ubijalar pada tingkat produksi aktual secara finansial menguntungkan di semua daerah pengkajian: (2) usahatani kedelai,jagung, kacang tanah dan ubi jalar masih menguntungkan bila produktivitas pada tingkat minimal, walaupun di bawahproduktivitas aktual; (3) usahatani jagung di Desa Lamunti dan Dadahup kompetitif terhadap usahatani kedelai dankacang tanah bila produktivitas mencapai minimal 1.033 kg/ha (terhadap kedelai) dan 1.362 kg/ha (terhadap kacangtanah). Sedangkan di Desa Talio Hulu dan Kanamit produksi jagung minimal 1.081 kg/ha kompetitif terhadap kedelaidan 1.552 kg/ha kompetitif terhadap kacang tanah. Terbatasnya sarana transportasi dan rendahnya akses petaniterhadap sumber modal merupakan masalah yang memerlukan pemecahan. Implikasinya ialah bahwa pembangunanjaringan transportasi dan penyediaan kredit murah untuk meningkatkan kemampuan petani dalam menerapkanteknologi baru perlu mendapat prioritas.Kata kunci : keunggulan kompetitif, palawija, pasang surut, Kalimantan Tengah
ANALISIS PENGELOLAAN AIR DALAM USAHATANI PADI PADA LAHAN SAWAH IRIGASI DI SULAWESI SELATAN
Get PDFThe Water Management Analysis of Rice Farming on Irrigated Land in South Sulawesi. Efficient use of water is an important aspect to increase production and economic value of rice farming in integrated land. A study was conducted at irrigated land in the Mario village, Tanasitolo District of Wajo Regency from March to December 2012. The study used a Randomized Block Design (RBD) involving three farmer cooperators as replications. Every farmers applied water management treatments that were: (1) AWD (Alternate Wetting and Drying) wet or dry irrigation, (2) intermittent irrigation, and (3) continues irrigation (flooded). Seedlings were planted on 17 days using 2 : 1 of “legowo” cropping systems. Fertilizer application was based on soil analysis using PUTS (Phonska 200 kg + 130 kg Urea/ha). Pest and disease controlling with IPM method was also applied in this study. The results showed that the water management methods AWD produced higher growth, yield and profits than other methods. The rice productivity level was achieved by the method of AWD that was 8.3 t/ha, while intermittent and continuous irrigation methods reached only 7.8 t/ha and 7.6 t/ha, respectively. Profits earned in rice farming with AWD method was Rp16.1 million that was higher than others, which was Rp14.1 million and Rp13.4 million, respectively. The R/C of three methods of water management was more than two, meaning that all water management methods applied was feasible to be applied.Key words : Water management, rice farming, irrigated field Efisiensi penggunaan air merupakan aspek penting terkait dengan peningkatan produksi dan nilai ekonomi usahatani padi di lahan sawah irigasi. Pengkajian dilaksanakan di lahan sawah irigasi Desa Mario, Kec. Tanasitolo, Kab. Wajo Sulawesi Selatan pada bulan Maret- Desember 2012. Kajian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan melibatkan 3 orang petani kooperator sebagai ulangan. Setiap petani menerapkan perlakuan pengelolaan air: (1) AWD (Alternate Wetting and Drying) atau pengairan basah kering, (2) intermitten atau pengairan berselang, dan (3) pengairan terus menerus (tergenang). Bibit ditanam umur 17 hari dengan sistem tanam legowo 2:1, pemupukan didasarkan pada analisis tanah dengan Perangkat Uji Tanah Sawah (PUTS) 200 kg phonska + 130 kg Urea/ha. Pengendalian hama/penyakit dilakukan dengan metode Pengendalian Hama Terpadu (PHT). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengelolaan air dengan metode AWD menghasilkan pertumbuhan, produksi dan keuntungan yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan pemberian air secara intermitten dan terus menerus (tergenang). Tingkat produktivitas padi yang dicapai dengan metode AWD adalah 8,3 t/ha, sedangkan pengairan intermitten dan terus menerus menghasilkan masing-masing 7,8 t/ha dan 7,6 t/ha. Keuntungan yang diperoleh dalam usahatani padi dengan metode AWD mencapai Rp16,1 juta/ha, sedang pengelolaan air dengan metode intermitten dan pengairan tergenang masing-masing menghasilkan Rp14,1/ha juta dan Rp13,4 juta/ha. R/C ketiga metode pengelolaan air masing-masing > 2,0 yang berarti metode tersebut layak diterapkan. Kata kunci : Pengelolaan air, usahatani padi, sawah irigasi
PENGELOLAAN HARA TANAMAN JAGUNG (Zea mays) SPESIFIK LOKASI PADA LAHAN KERING DI LAMPUNG
No full textSite Specific Nutrients Management for Maize (Zea mays) on Dryland Lampung. Lampung is one of the maize growing province in Indonesia that largely grown as a comercial crop mainly for animal feed. The average of maize productivity in Lampung is 3.4 t/ha. However the actual yield is ranges from 1.6 - 7.4 t/ha. To obtained the yield optimal and to decrease existing yield gab of maize production in Lampung, the three crops simultaneous experiment of Site Specific Nutrients Management (SSNM) for maize was conducted in five sites i.e. four sites located in Central Lampung (Sidowaras, Binjai Ngagung, Watu Agung and Balai Rejo) and one site in South Lampung (Trimulyo district) during the rainy season of 2004/2005-2006/2007. The experiment was designed in Omission Plot, NPK, SSNM and farmers' fertilizer practice (FFP). In additional, each of the treatments were paralleled with the same plot treatments with improve crop management (ICM). The complete treatments were : PK, PK+(ICM), NK, NK+ICM, NP, NP+ICM, NPK, NPK+ICM, SSNM, SSNM+ICM, FFP and FFP+ICM. Those were conducted in each site for replication. The results showed that the minus N (PK) treatments significantly reduced the yield of maize. NPK and NPK+ICM treatments resulted in higher yield compared with other treatments. SSNM (with or without 1CM) resulted in higher yield compared with the farmers fertilizer practice (FFP). Agronomc Efisiencies of nutrients were N = 11-21 kg/kg, P = 14-57 kg/kg and K = 4-24 kg/kg respectively. Agronomic Performance of the SSNM (with or without 1CM) was greater which indicated by the total dry matter (grain+stover+cob) and grain yield more than FFP attainable. Key words:. SSW, omission plot, nutrient management, fertili=er Zea mays Lampung merupakan salah satu daerah penghasil jagung di Indonesia yang dibudidayakan sebagai komoditas komersial terutama untuk bahan baku pakan ternak. Saat ini rata-rata produktivitas jagung di Lampung mencapai 3,4 t/ha, dengan hasil aktual di lapangan berkisar dari 1,6-7,4 t/ha. Untuk mendapatkan hasil yang optimal dan menekan senjang hasil aktual dengan potensi hasil jagung yang sesungguhnya di Lampung, penelitian model pengelolaan hara tanaman jagung spesifik lokasi (Site Specific Nutrient Management for maize = SSNM) dilaksanakan selama tiga musim tanam yaitu musim hujan (MH) 2004/2005, 2005/2006 dan 2006/2007 di lima lokasi, masing-masing di desa Sidowaras, Binjai Ngagung, Watu Agung, dan Balai rejo Lampung Tengah, dan desa Trimulyo, Lampung Selatan. Percobaan disusun dengan perlakuan Petak Omisi, NPK, SSNM dan praktek pemupukan petani (farmers' fertilizer practice = FFP). Setiap perlakuan tersebut di atas diparalel dengan plot perlakuan yang sama, tetapi diberi perlakuan tambahan berupa upaya perbaikan pengelolaan tanaman (improve crop management = 1CM). Dengan demikian perlakuan lengkapnya adalah Petak Omisi (PK, PK+ICM, NK, NK+ICM, NP, NP+ICM), NPK, NPK+ICM, SSNM, SSNM+ICM, FFP, dan FFP+ICM. Perlakuan disusun menurut rancangan acak kelompok dengan lokasi ditempatkan sebagai ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, bahwa tanpa N (PK) hasil pipilan kering jagung menurun secara nyata. Perlakuan NPK dan NPK+ICM menghasilkan pipilan kering tertinggi dibanding perlakuan lainnya. Perlakuan SSNM maupun SSNM+ICM menghasilkan pipilan kering nyata lebih tinggi dibanding dengan praktek pemupukan petani (FFP). Efisiensi agronomi pupuk N = 11-21 kg/kg, P = 14-57 kg/kg dan K = 4-24 kg/kg. Keragaan agronomi jagung pada perlakuan SSNM nyata lebih baik dibanding dengan FFP, yang ditunjukkan oleh tingginya total bobot bahan kering (biji+brangkasan+janggel) dan basil pipilan kering yang dihasilkan oleh SSNM. Kata kunci: SSNM, petak omisi, pengelolaan hara, pemupukan, Zea mays
KAJIAN TEKNOLOGI ENZYM REVOLUSI AGRO DAN PENGELOLAAN TANAMAN TERPADU DI SULAWESI SELATAN
No full textTechnological study of agro-enzyme revolution and integrated crop management in South Sulawesi was carried out to know the effectiveness and efficiency of Enzyme Revolutionize Agro and PTT as opposed to the increase of paddy products and farmers' earnings. This study was executed in Tabaringan Village, Sub District Galesong Utara, and District Takalar from the plantation date 16 May to the harvest date 11 August 2006. This study was done on farmers' farms with the following treatment formula: (1) Enzyme, (2) PTT and (3) Non Enzyme. The results of the study indicated that the highest production of rice was obtained at the PTT treatment which was equal to 8.800 kg/ha compared to Enzyme treatment and Non Enzyme treatment which produced only 7.040 kg/ha. The highest production cost obtained at Enzyme treatment that was equal to Rp.8.526.224,- followed by PTT treatment that was equal to Rp.5.850.280,- and the lowest at Non-Enzyme treatment which yielded Rp.5.551.224,-. The efficiency of production cost at PTT treatment was 31.38% higher compared to Enzyme treatment. The highest farmers' earnings was obtained at PTT treatment that was equal to Rp.9.989.720,-/ha, while at Enzyme and non Enzyme treatments reached Rp.4.145.776,- and Rp.7.120.776,- /ha respectively. Therefore, the provision of Enzyme it self in form of bio-culture cannot improve the paddy productions and further does not give any benefit for the farmers. Keywords: enzym, 1CM, productivity, farmer income Kajian teknologi enzym revolusi agro dan pengelolaan tanaman terpadu di Sulawesi Selatan dilaksanakan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat efektivitas dan efisiensi Enzym Revolusi Agro dan PTT terhadap peningkatan produksi padi dan pendapatan petani. Kajian ini dilaksanakan di Kelurahan Tabaringan, Kecamatan Galesong Utara, Kabupaten Takalar, tanam tanggal 16 Mei dan panen tanggal 11 Agustus 2006. Kajian ini dilaksanakan di lahan petani dengan susunan perlakuan: (1) Enzym, (2) PTT dan (3) Non Enzym. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa hasil gabah tertinggi diperoleh pada perlakuan PTT yaitu sebesar 8.800 kg/ha, sedangkan pada perlakuan Enzym dan Non Enzym hanya 7.040 kg/ha. Biaya produksi yang paling tinggi terdapat pada perlakuan Enzym yaitu sebesar Rp.8.526.224 disusul perlakuan PTT yaitu sebesar Rp.5.850.280 dan yang paling rendah adalah pada perlakuan Non Enzym yaitu Rp.5.551.224. Pendapatan usahatani tertinggi diperoleh pada perlakuan PTT yaitu sebesar Rp.9.989.720/ha, sedangkan pada perlakuan Enzym dan Non Enzym masing-masing hanya Rp.4.145.776 dan Rp.7.120.776/ha. Dengan demikian pemberian enzym biokultur tidak meningkatkan hasil tanam padi. Kata kunci: enzym, PTT, produktivitas dan pendapatan petan