JURNAL PESISIR DAN LAUT TROPIS
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Pertumbuhan dan sintasan larva kerang mutiara Pinctada maxima pada sumber pakan berbeda
Get PDFPenelitian ini bertujuan mengukur pertumbuhan dan menentukan sintasan larva kerang mutiara yang dipelihara pada sumber pakan berbeda, yaitu pakan ikan mentah (penyiapan pakan mengikuti prosedur pada paten No. P00201609066 dan P14201802692) yang telah melalui proses perendaman pada beberapa produk probiotik (seperti: EM4, Probio FM, dan Starbio F9), mikroalga dan larva tanpa pemberian pakan sebagai kontrol. Larva kerang mutiara yang digunakan adalah larva yang telah berumur 14 hari, diambil dari PT.Arthe Samudra, Bitung, Sulawesi Utara. Larva dipelihara menggunakan wadah palstik berisi ± 700 ml air laut 35 ppt yang berisi aerasi dengan kecepatan sekitar ±0.66 ml/menit. Larva kemudian dipelihara selama 14 hari menggunakan sumber pakan berbeda sesuai dengan perlakuan dengan 3 kali pengulangan. Setiap 2 hari sekali diambil sebanyak ±3 ml cuplikan sampel dan larva yang ada dalam cuplikan diukur bagian panjang, tinggi, dan pangkal larva. Pada akhir penelitian, larva dalam semua perlakuan dipanen dan jumlah larva dihitung untuk menentukan sintasan larva pada masing-masing perlakuan. Hasil pengukuran panjang (61.9 - 194.47 µm), tinggi (59.46 - 216.81 µm) dan lebar pangkal cangkang (21 - 88.1 µm) menunjukkan adanya pola pertumbuhan yang cenderung lebih stabil pada larva yang diberi pakan ikan mentah yang telah direndam dengan beberapa produk probiotik dan pada perlakuan pemberian pakan mikroalga dibanding pada perlakuan tanpa pakan. Adapun sintasan larva tertinggi terdapat pada larva yang diberi pakan mikroalga (102 ± 121.7 larva), kemudian larva pada pakan ikan mentah yang direndam pada beberapa produk probiotik; F9 (29 ± 18.02 larva), Probio FM (5.6 ± 1.52 larva) dan EM 4 (1.66 ± 1 larva)
IPTEK MARIKULTUR BAGI KELOMPOK PEMBUDIDAYA IKAN DESA MOTANDOI SELATAN KECAMATAN PINOLOSIAN TIMUR KABUPATEN BOLAANG MONGONDOW SELATAN
Get PDFThe purpose of the community partnership program is to increase the capacity of independent and sustainable marine fish farmers groups. Specific targets are 1) Increasing the quantity and quality of fish products from marine aquaculture in floating net cages, and 2) Enhancing partners' understanding and skills in terms of effective and efficient marine fish aquaculture technology in floating net cages. The main problems recorded, namely: 1) lack of knowledge of marine fish aquaculture technology in floating net cage; 2) fish harvest time that requires a long time, and 3) poor financial management. To overcome these problems, an approach is carried out through direct education and training, mentoring, and management of fisheries business management in the field to partners. After that, each trainee in the partner group is given the opportunity until they can do it themselves. The target that will be achieved at the end of this education and training is that all group members and their families have knowledge of: 1) superior marine fish polyculture technology in floating net cage and 2) good financial management. Keywords: Fish cultivator group, floating net cage, South Motandoi village, financial management, marine fish polyculture technologyAbstrakTujuan program kemitraan masyarakat (PKM) adalah meningkatkan kapasitas kelompok pembudidaya ikan laut yang mandiri dan berkelanjutan. Target khusus adalah 1) peningkatan kuantitas dan kualitas produk ikan hasil budidaya laut dalam karamba jaring apung, dan 2) peningkatan pemahaman dan ketrampilan mitra dalam hal teknologi budidaya ikan laut dalam karamba jaring apung yang efektif dan efisien. Permasalahan utama yang terekam, yaitu: 1) kurang pengetahuan tentang teknologi budidaya ikan laut dalam karamba jaring apung (KJA); 2) waktu panen ikan yang membutuhkan waktu yang lama, serta 3) pengelolaan keuangan yang kurang baik. Untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut dilakukan pendekatan melalui penyuluhan dan pelatihan, pendampingan, dan pendidikan manajemen usaha perikanan secara langsung di lapangan kepada mitra. Setelah itu, setiap peserta pelatihan dalam kelompok mitra tersebut diberikan kesempatan sampai mereka bisa melakukannya sendiri.  Target akhir yang dicapai dalam PKM ini adalah semua anggota kelompok maupun keluarganya mempunyai pengetahuan tentang: 1) teknologi polikultur budidaya ikan laut dalam karamba jaring apung yang unggul, dan 2) manajemen keuangan yang baik. Kata-kata kunci: Kelompok pembudidaya ikan, karamba jaring apung, Desa Motandoi Selatan, manajemen keuangan, teknologi polikultur ikan lau
Produksi dan laju dekomposisi serasah mangrove (Sonneratia sp) di kawasan hutan mangrove Bahowo, Kelurahan Tongkaina Kecamatan Bunaken Sulawesi Utara
Get PDFSerasah hutan mangrove memiliki fungsi yang amat penting bagi ekosistem mangrove, diantaranya untuk mempertahankan kesuburan tanah hutan yang bersangkutan. Kesuburan tanah dan tanaman bergantung pada produktivitas dan laju dekomposisi serasah. Serasah akan mengalami dekomposisi, memberikan sumbangan bahan organik bagi tanah hutan, serta menjadi sumber makanan bagi kehidupan fauna tanah. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk memberikan informasi mengenai produktvitas serasah mangrove (Sonneratia sp.) dan laju dekomposisi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa total produksi serasah mangrove (Sonneratia sp.) yang terbesar ditemukan pada plot (1) yaitu (83,55 gr/m2/hari), kemudian plot 3 (55,30 gr/m2/hari), selanjutnya plot 2 (45,87 gr/m2/hari), dan plot 4 menghasilkan produksi serasah sebesar (39,30 gr/m2/hari). Total rata-rata persentase dekomposisi dan laju dekomposisi per hari yang terbesar/tercepat terdapat pada plot 4 yaitu terurai semua pada hari ke-30, kemudian diikuti oleh plot 3 dengan sisa bobot akhir yaitu sebesar 15,70 % dengan laju dekomposisi per hari 1,57 %, kemudian plot 1 dengan sisa bobot akhir yaitu sebesar 16,32 % dengan laju dekomposisi per hari 1,09 %, dan yang terendah terdapat pada plot 2 sebesar 17,16 % dengan laju dekomposisi per hari 1,14%
KELIMPAHAN, DISTRIBUSI, DAN KERAGAMANNUDIBRANCHIA DI NUDIFALL DAN NUDIRETREAT SELAT LEMBEH, SULAWESI UTARA
Get PDFNudibranchia are known as marine invertebrates that have uniq colors and body shapes. The research was conducted in Nudifall and Nudiretreat, Lembeh Strait, North Sulawesi. The aims of this study were 1) to identify the species of Nudibranchia in both locations, 2) to know the abundance of Nudibranchia in those locations, 3) to determine distribution patterns of nudibranchia, and to know diversity of Nudibranchia in both Nudifall and Nudiretreat. The results show that 11 species of Nudibranchia were found in both Nudifall and Nudiretreat. The species of Chromodoris annae, Chromodoris magnifica, Flabellina expotata, Goniobranchus fidelis, Halgerda batangas, and 1 unidentified species were found in Nudifall, while the species of Goniobranchus geometricus, Glossidoris cincta, Phylllidia ocelata, Phylllidia varicose, Nembrotha rutilans were found in Nudiretreat. H. batangas was found to be the highest abundance, then it was followed byC. annae, C. magnifica, G. fidelis, unidenfied species (species-1), and C. magnificain Nudifall. P. ocelatawas found to be the highest abundance, then it was followed by G. geometricus, G. cincta, P. varicose, andN. Rutilans in Nudiretreat. Nudibranchia in both locations wasidentified to have random and grouped distribution pattern. Nudibranchia was found to have the same diversity among Nudifall and Nudiretreat. Factors affecting abudance, distribution patterns, and diversity were discuss in this paper.Keywords: Nudibranchia, Distribution, Abudance, Lembeh Strait. Nudibranchia dikenal sebagai avertebrata laut yang memiliki warna unik dan bentuk tubuh yang bervariasi. Penelitian ini di lakukan di Nudifall dan Nudiretreat, Selat Lembeh, Sulawesi Utara.  Tujuan penelitian ini adalah 1) mengidentifikasi jenis-jenis nudibranchia di lokasi Nudifall dan Nudiretreat, 2) mengetahui kelimpahan jenis-jenis Nudibranchia di kedua lokasi, 3) mengetahui pola distribusi jenis-jenis Nudibranchia di lokasi Nudifall dan Nudiretreatdi, 4) dan keragaman Nudibranchia di Nudifall dan Nudiretreat. Ada 11 jenis Nudibranchia ditemukan di kedu lokasi penelitian.Nudibranchia yang ditemukan di Nudifall ada 6 jenis, yaitu Chromodoris annae, Chromodoris magnifica, Flabellina expotata, Goniobranchus fidelis, Halgerda batangas, dan 1 spesies belum teridentifikasi (spesies-1). Nudibranchia yang ditemukan di Nudiretreat ada 5 jenis,yaitu Goniobranchus geometricus, Glossidoris cincta, Phylllidia ocelata, Phylllidia varicose, Nembrotha rutilans. H. batangas memiliki kelimpahan yang tinggi, kemudian diikuti oleh C. annae, C. magnifica, G.fidelis, spesies-1, dan C. magnifica.di Nudifall.P. ocelata memiliki rata-rata tertinggi, selanjutnya diikuti oleh G. geometricus, G. cincta, P. varicose, dan N. Rutilans di Nudiretreat.Pola sebaran acak dan berkelompok teridentifikasi pada kedua lokasi.udibranchia teridentifikasi memiliki keragaman yang sama di kedua lokasi. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kelimpahan, distribusi, dan keragaman didiskusikan pada tulisan ini.Kata kunci: Nudibranchia, Distribusi, Kelimpahan, Selat Lembeh
UJI ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK DAN FRAKSI SPONS TERHADAP Escherichia coli DAN Staphylococcus aureus SERTA POTENSINYA TERHADAP AKTIVITAS ANTI-UV
Get PDFSponge organisms produce bioactive compounds that are toxic as a means of self-defense. The compound is known to have the potential as an antibacterial and anti-UV which can absorb sunlight with the potential to be used as a material for making sunscreen. The purpose of this study was to obtain antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria and anti-UV activity from crude extracts and sponges fractions. The antibacterial test done by agar diffusion method (Kirby and Bauer diffusion disc) and the crude extract and the active fraction of antibacterial compounds were tested in a UV spectrophotometer to see its anti-UV activity. As a result, 4 species of sponges were extracted and partitioned into water fractions, methanol fractions, and n-hexane fractions. All samples were tested for antibacterial activity and the results showed antibacterial activity against S. aureus by Plakortis sp. in crude extract (9 mm) and water fraction (8.6 mm), Agelas sp. in crude extract (7 mm) and in E. coli bacteria shown by Plakortis sp. in crude extract (12.6 mm) and water fraction (9 mm), Liosina sp. in the water fraction (7.6 mm), Haliclona sp. in the water fraction (8 mm) and Agelassp. in crude extract (10.3 mm). Crude extracts and water fractions were tested using a UV spectrophotometer for anti-UV testing, the results showed that crude extract and all the water fractions of four species sponge could absorb UV-B (λ 290-320 nm) and UV-A (λ 320-400 nm).Keywords: sponges, antibacterial, partition, anti-U
STUDI EKOLOGI OSEANOGRAFI TELUK MANADO UNTUK PENENTUAN STRUKTUR ARTIFICIAL CORAL GARDEN DAN AREA MANGROVE SEBAGAI DESTINASI WISATA BARU
Get PDFThe purpose of this study is to investigate the ecological conditions of mangrove ecosystems in the Manado Bay and analyze the suitability of the mangrove ecosystems as a new tourist destination, examine the oceanographic conditions in the Manado Bay area, study the data on the development of coral reef ecosystems to be able to produce artificial coral reefs and produce mangrove areas and coral reefs artificial as a new tourist destination. This research was conducted in April - September 2019 with the location of Manado Bay and the location of the Manado Bay coral reef ecosystem survey set at 3 sample points, equipped with 3 points in front of the BOBOCA Malalayang monument, in front of the Malalayang gas station and ANTRA Sario. Retrieval of coral reef data is by using the Line Intercept Transect (LIT) method. LIT observations were carried out with SCUBA diving at a depth of 6m. Observations were made by recording coral lifeforms found along the transect line, and calculating the percentage of the selection. The data taken is the percentage of dead coral cover, live coral, and type of life form, diversity index taken at 3 sample points. From field observations found on Site 2 (Front of Malalayang gas station) the condition of coral reefs is included in the good category, with the percentage of live coral cover (Hard Coral) of 55%. At this station found various types of coral growth, but the highest at this station is a form of growth of Coral Masive (CM) of 19.2%, while the least found were corals in the form of Coral Mushrooms (Mushroom Coral) with a percentage of 0.4 %. Then Site 3, namely in ANTRA Sario obtained from coral reefs is included in the bad category, with the percentage of live coral cover (Hard Coral) only 7.1%. Coral Diversity in the three survey stations is different. Of the three stations determined above the Tugu Boboca Malalayang site with an index value of 2.54, followed at site 2 namely the Malalayang gas station with an index value of 2.36 and the lowest at site 3 at ANTRA Sario with an index value of 1.33. Furthermore, oceanographic conditions in the Gulf of Manado region are seen in the receding period, most of the air moves westward at the beginning of the period, then moves northeastward in the next period. While in the tide period the water moves northward, starting the period and then it is seen moving northeast and at the end of the period, the east direction.Key words : Coral reef, Oceanographic conditio
KONDISI TERUMBU KARANG PULAU MANTEHAGE KABUPATEN MINAHASA UTARA PROVINSI SULAWESI UTARA
Get PDFCoral reefs are coastal ecosystems with the highest level of diversity. Corals are invertebrates that are included in the Phylum Coelenterata (hollow animal) or Cnidaria. Whereas coral reefs are a collection of millions of polyps. Natural phenomena and various anthropogenic activities threaten the health and presence of Mantehage Island coral reefs and the lack of information about the health conditions of coral reefs on Mantehage Island. The purpose of this study is to determine the condition of coral reefs andto  provide baselines data on Mantehage Island. Data collection was done by using UPT  method (Underwater Photo Transect). Underwater Photo Transect carried out by underwater shooting using a digital camera that was shielded (housing). Image analysis were done using the CPCe software (Coral Point Count with Excel extensions). The results of coral reef health conditions at four stations on Mantehage Island shows, coral reef cover at each station as follows, station 1 (one) 53.00% were in good condition, station 2 (two) 25.40% were in a moderate condition, station 3 (three) 16.49% were in poor condition, and station 4 (four) 42.07% were in a moderate condition. From the four stations, the condition of Mantehage Island's coral reefs were in the moderate category with a percentage of 34.24%.Keywords:. Mantehage Island, Terumbu Karang, UPT, CPC
FORAMINIFERA BENTIK PADA PADANG LAMUN DI KAWASAN PANTAI SEKITAR PULAU BUNAKEN SULAWESI UTARA
Get PDFBenthic foraminifera lives on the seaflor and some of them are attached to plant stem. This organisms use pseudopodia to move. The study aims to describe the groups of foraminifera that live on leaves and seagrass sediments and provide information on the comparison of the number of benthic foraminifera genera in seagrass beds. The study was performed in Bunaken Island and during the study a number of 4593 specimens of benthic foraminifera has been identified and they are divided into specimen that lives on seagrass leaves (1097 specimens) and specimens that live on sediments (3496 specimens). The specimen was grouped in 16 genera and they were scattered in 2 stations within four sampling points. These genera are: Amphistegina, Calcarina, Coscinospira, Elphidium, Eponides, Lachlanela, Marginophora, Neorotalia, Operculina, Cleroplis, Planorbulina, Pseudorotalia, Quinqueloculina, Sorites, Spiroluculina, and Triloculina. Benthic foraminifera in seagrass leaves consist of 16 genera which are characterized by the genus Marginophora and Amphistegina and those live in substratum consist of 14 genera which was characterized by the genus Amphistegina.Keywords : Benthic Foraminifera, Seagrass beds, Bunaken Islan
KEMIRINGAN LERENG DAN GRANULOMETRI SEDIMEN GISIK TANJUNG MERAH, BITUNG SULAWESI UTARA
Get PDFBeach slope and sediment granulometry is one of the importat aspect in coastal management. Beach offers a variety of functions and potential to be utilized. In the interests of phisical use in the beach, coastal structure in the form of groynes has been built. Actually, the groin has been used as a dock. This research was conducted with the aim of revealing the slope and granulometry sediment in Tanjung Merah beach. The results obtained, the beach slope is considered sloping and very sloping, the composition of the sediment consists mainly of medium sand, fine sand and very fine sand. Sediment distribution analysis obtained results, the main grain size was mainly in the form of medium sand, sorting was mainly classified as poor, skewness was mostly asymmetrie strong to large size, most curtosis was mesokurtic. The results of the study indicate the occurrence of the process of erosion and deposition ia certain spaces on the beach studied.Keywords: Tanjung Merah, beach slope, sediment granulometryKemiringan lereng dan granulometri sedimen gisik merupakan salah satu aspek penting dalam pengelolaan pantai. Gisik menawarkan beragam fungsi dan potensi untuk dimanfaatkan. Dalam kepentingan pemanfaatan lahan gisik, berbagai modifikasi dilakukan oleh manusia. Pada gisik di Tanjung Merah, telah dibangun struktur pantai berupa groin. Secara aktual, groin tersebut telah difunsikan sebagai dermaga. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan mengungkapkan kemiringan dan granulometri sedimen di gisik Tanjung Merah. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh, lereng gisik terkriteria miring dan sangat miring, komposisi sedimen terutama terdiri dari pasir sedang, pasir halus, dan pasir sangat halus. Analisis distribusi memperoleh hasil, rataan empirik terutama berupa pasir sedang, penyortiran terutama terklasifikasi buruk, kemencengan terbanyak berupa asimetris kuat ke ukuran besar, peruncingan terbanyak berupa mesokurtik. Hasil studi mengindikasikan terjadi proses erosi dan deposisi pada ruang-ruang tertentu di gisik yang ditelaah.Kata kunci : Tanjung Merah, kemiringan lereng, granulometri sedime
KAJIAN KESESUAIAN LAHAN EKOWISATA MANGROVE DIMENSI EKOLOGI ( KASUS PADA PULAU BUNAKEN BAGIAN TIMUR, KELURAHAN ALUNG BANUA, KECAMATAN BUNAKEN KEPULAUAN, KOTA MANADO)
Get PDFEcotourism as a form of tourism that emphasizes responsibility for nature conservation, provides economic benefits and maintains cultural needs for the local community. Mangrove forests with their uniqueness are natural resources that have the potential to be used as tourist attractions. The purpose of this study was to determine community structure, mangrove canopy cover and suitability of mangrove ecotourism land. This study used the line transect method for mangrove community structure, and hemispherical photography for the percentage of mangrove cover. The results of the study of the mangrove community structure were the highest density value, namely at station 1 on the transect 2 types of S.alba 0.16 ind / m2 relative 88.89% and the lowest density value in the type R. mucronata and R.apiculata 0.01 ind / m2 relatively 5.56% on transect 2 at station 1. The highest frequency type value at station 1 on the transect 1 type S. alba which is 1.00 relative 100% and the lowest frequency at station 1 transect 2 types R, piculate which is relative 0.50 33.33. The highest closing value of type on transect 2 standard 1 type S. alba 10.26 relative value 92.63%. Whereas the lowest type 3 transect closure is type R. piculate 0.49 the relative is 7.86%. The highest Important Value Index is at station 1 on transect 1, namely type S. alba 300 and lowest at station 1 on transect 2 types R. mucronata 30.55. The highest diversity value on transect 2, 0.43. Evenness index value (E) at station 1 on transect 1 is 0 and transect 2 is 0.39. While station 2 on transect 1 0 and transect 2 0.51. regarding the criteria for mangrove damage, at 2 stations included in the rare category with inya 50% canopy cover. The overall results of land suitability for coastal tourism in the Bunaken Island mangrove tourism category fall into the very appropriate category.Keywords: Mangrove, Ecotourism, Bunaken IslandEkowisata sebagai suatu bentuk wisata yang menekankan tanggung jawab terhadap kelestarian alam, memberikan manfaat secara ekonomi dan mempertahankan kebutuhan budaya bagi masyarakat setempat. Hutan mangrove dengan keunikan yang dimilikinya, merupakan sumberdaya alam yang sangat berpotensi untuk dijadikan sebagai tempat kunjungan wisata. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui struktur komunitas, tutupan kanopi mangrove dan kesesuaian lahan ekowisata mangrove. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode line transek terhadap struktur komunitas mangrove, dan hemispherical photography untuk persentase tutupan mangrove. Hasil penelitian struktur komonitas mangrove yaitu Nilai kerapatan tertinggi yaitu pada stasiun 1 di transek 2 jenis S.alba 0.16 ind/m2 relatifnya 88.89% dan nilai kerapatan terendah pada jenis R. mucronata dan R.apiculata 0.01 ind/m2 relatifnya 5.56% di transek 2 pada stasiun 1 .Nilai frekuensi jenis tertinggi pada stasiun 1 di transek 1 jenis S.alba yaitu 1.00 relatifnya 100% dan frekuensi terendah pada stasiun 1 transek 2 jenis R, piculate yaitu 0.50 relatifnya 33.33. Nilai penutupan jenis tertinggi pada transek 2 stasun 1 jenis S. alba 10.26 nilai relatifnya 92.63 %. Sedangkan penutupan jenis terendah transek 3 jenisR. piculate 0.49 relatifnya 7.86%. Indeks Nilai Penting tertinggi yaitu pada stasiun 1 di transek 1 yaitu jenis S.alba 300 dan terendah pada stasiun 1 di transek 2 jenis R.mucronata 30.55.Nilai keanekaragaman tertinggi pada transek 2, 0.43. Nilai indeks kemerataan (E) pada stasiun 1 di transek 1 yaitu 0 dan transek 2 0,39. Sedangkan stasiun 2 pada transek 1 0 dan transek 2 0.51. tentang kriteria kerusakan mangrove, pada ke 2 stasiun termasuk pada kategori jarang dengan tutupan kanopinya ≤ 50% . Hasil keseluruhan kesesuaian lahan untuk wisata pantai kategori wisata mangrove Pulau Bunaken masuk pada kategori sangat sesuai.Kata kunci: Mangrove, Ekowisata, Pulau Bunake