International Journal of Agricultural Sciences
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A review on ethno-medicinal plants used in west Kalimantan
Get PDFThe purpose of the current study is to review ethno-medicinal plant used by natives in West Kalimantan Province in last five years. The methods used is gathering earlier publications in journals completed with pharmacological evidence of local medicinal plants. The present review result reported that 346 specieses belonging to 95 families have been utilized in West Kalimantan Province. Zingiberceae has the top number of plant of families (25) followed by Rubiaceae (17), Fabaceae (16), Asteraceae (14), Euphorbiaceae (13), Poaceae (13), Verbenaceae (13), Liliaceae (10), other families (<10). The tabulated plant species in this study are frequently used as herbal medicine for the treatment of miscellaneous deseases and the medication safety of local people. Parts of plant used as herbal medicine are leaves (46.1%) followed roots (15.7%), fruits (9.5%), rhizomes (6.7%), all parts (5.9%), stems (5.4%), seeds (2.3%), saps (1.3%), pericarps (1.0%), flowers (0.8%), shoots (0.8%), stalks (0.8%), tubers (0.8%), and twigs (0.3%). The majorities of used methods for traditional medicine are decoction and infusion. The information of this current review includes local names, species, families, used parts, and medical uses. All the medicinal plants reported in this study have been used by West Kalimantan people for the treatment of various desease
Women and the Future of Mangrove in Meranti Island, Riau
No full textAmong the many preserved mangrove areas in Riau Province is the one located in the Meranti Islands Regency. However, the regency is prone to environmental pollution and destruction, so control efforts, namely prevention, management, and recovery, are needed to mitigate it. This study aims to explain women's involvement in the mangrove community's activities as well as their social position within said community. Their involvement will be able to explain their social position, whether they have the ability to make decisions on public activities or only act as objects of a patriarchal development process. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach. The main informants in this study were women who were directly involved in the mangrove community activities, while the villagers who were not directly involved acted as supporting informants. The village women who were involved in the mangrove forest rehabilitation are all married, aged 29 to 50 years old, and have completed elementary school. Each woman has specialized activities, such as seeding, planting, and making dodol, syrup, and chips. Their role in the mangrove community has a great potential to control the balance between ecological and socio-economic benefits of mangrove forests. However, their activities are not independent. Their involvement is passive as it remains under the management of a coastal conservation leader, and it only serves to help their husbands because the rehabilitation of coastal areas will help maintain the habitat of fish and marine animals, which are their husbands' source of income
Covid-19 Pandemic Impact on the Deteriorating Street Function
No full textSince the pandemic hit the globe in 2020, it has changed the street's image. The street remains silent due to the COVID-imposed lockdown. The streets, usually bustling with people and activities, were near silent. The commencement practice of "social-distancing" has brought dramatic changes in street usage, where streets portray as a place for active travel, mobility, and connecting people. Thus, this paper reviews the present effect of changing street behavior based on existing literature. Qualitative analysis was performed using content analysis to elaborate on the impact of street function during this pandemic. Activities on the street such as walking, cycling, gathering, and social events have impacted and limited participation in public. However, the street plays a vital role in supporting physical and mental well-being, as mentioned in SDG 11: Make the cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient, and sustainable. The findings of this study will help ensure that streets can become a public health approach and risk reduction for people to engage in outdoor activities. Therefore, streets serve as the primary hope in overcoming the pandemic and how the city and people can have inclusive and safe access to the streets throughout the pandemic. We believe that social distancing should not preclude social interaction
Food Security Assessment Framework in Armenia: Key Aspects for Further Development
No full textComprehensive assessment of the Food security situation, analyses of its trends, and early projections are not simple tasks and, therefore, require the application of a well-developed methodological framework and tools. The present article is dedicated to the Food security assessment framework in Armenia, identification of shortfalls in its methodology, and drawing practical recommendations for improvement. In general, Food security assessment in Armenia is based on methodological guidelines provided by UN FAO. However, there is room to improve adaptation in some areas, address local specifics and needs, and enlarge applied tools. Particularly, we discuss the following potential directions for further improvements: 1) synchronization of existing statistical systems and introduction of mutual verification and adjustment mechanisms, 2) adjustments in the calculation of food consumption volumes and food self-sufficiency data, 3) introduction of new aggregated and integral indicators for reflecting different aspects of the Food security situation and 4) improve timelines for data availability, especially period of summarizing and publication of Living Conditions Survey results. It should be noted that, although the discussion is based on the methodology of Food security assessment in Armenia, the issues raised relate to many developing countries around the world, which mostly use the same methodological framework
The Influence Factors of Regional Development to Create Regional Competitiveness : A Review
Get PDFRegional development was done before Indonesia's Independent day in 1945, but it still did not achieve the result as expected. The root cause of this problem is avoiding factors that influence regional development. The method used is an integrated review of research focused on regional development and competitiveness. This paper will discuss the external and internal factors of regional development to increase Indonesian position in regional competitiveness level. Internal factors related to regional development are management, resources, participation, local industry, infrastructure, technology, local policy, innovation, and entrepreneurship. Moreover, the external factors affecting regional development are the government, politics, market, and investment. Internal factors in regional development can be controlled; however, external factors are uncontrollable. Focusing on regional development to maintain competitive economic growth and become a competitive region should be put on innovation, entrepreneurship, and networkin
Sustainable Food Sovereignty, a Biocultural Approach to Feeding
No full textThere are different relationships between people and nature. One of them is about the satisfaction of a basic need for survival: feeding, which in addition to being a human right, is also one of the most important concerns in the world since there are high levels of malnutrition, obesity, insufficiency, and food insecurity. One of the proposals to understand the link between people and nature related to feeding is food sovereignty, which was conceived by civil society to re-signify the role of peasants and their autonomy. This paper is a result of a theoretical reflection to propose a different vision of food sovereignty based on sustainability. Sustainable food sovereignty could promote the visibility and improvement of the different relationships between people and nature throw sustainable agriculture, self-consumption and sustainable consumption, and fair distribution and trad
Characteristics of Peel-off Gel Mask Formulated from Jicama (Pachyhizus erosus)
Get PDFFood loss is a worldwide concern, especially the losses from the fresh tubers because of their quick rottenness during post-harvest without proper preservation. Meanwhile, the tuber is an excellent source of carbohydrates that can be used in a broad range of food and other industries. Therefore, creating added-value products from crops has been considered an intriguing idea for decades in order to reduce this matter and also can utilize raw materials from agriculture. This research aimed to determine and evaluate the effects of starch addition from Jicama on the characteristic of peel-off gel masks. Five different formulations were made with increased starch concentration at 1%, 2%, 3%, and 4%, and a control sample was formulated without adding starch. Organoleptic, spreadability, homogeneity, irritation, viscosity, pH, peeling time, and antibacterial and antioxidant activity were parameters in evaluating gel formulations. The best formula showed a homogenous consistency, there was no irritating reaction, and it had the highest sensory point from the panellist. The acidic degree and viscosity were 5.53 and 32867 cPs, respectively, which adhered to the Indonesian National Standard (SNI 2007) for facial skin products; the gel had good spreadability, and the peeling time was less than 30 minutes. Moreover, the gel presented an active antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus; and antioxidant activity. According to the results, Jicama is recommended for application in making good quality peel-off gel mask products at 4% concentration
Analysis of Factors Affecting the Productivity of Smallholder Tea Farming in Solok Regency, West Sumatra
Get PDFThis study aims to analyze the factors affecting the productivity of smallholder tea farming in Solok Regency. Sixty-five tea farmers, selected using a simple random sampling approach, were involved in this study. The study reveals that urea fertilizer, SP-36 fertilizer, insecticides, labor, plant age, and seedling varieties significantly affect tea yield at the level of α = 0.10. Farmers can increase the yield of tea farming by increasing fertilizer and labor and intensive pest and disease control. Gambung variety produces a higher yield than TRI, and the yield increases with the age of the plant
The Effect of Jussiaea Octovalvis Weed Densities on the Growth and Yield of Several Introduced Vietnam Rice (Oryza Sativa) Varieties
Get PDFRice is staple grain production that plays an important role in food security and the socio-economic value of agriculture in South East Asia countries. Among the factors that have negative effects on rice, weed is the major one. Its production constraint is directly seeded rice; besides, weed also affects rice growth and yield by competition about light, water, nutrient, space. Jussiaea octovalvis is a kind of weed in the field during rice growth to mature, which affects the growth and yield of rice but not significantly different based on this research. Treatments were arranged factorially in Randomized Block Design (RCBD) with two factors, 20 treatments (4 varieties, 5 of weed densities), and four replications, and each repetition used two pots for each treatment. As a result, the data showed the difference between the rate of growth and the yield of rice grain recovery products. Especially at data of LL 58 DAP showed significant difference (P=0.017), which the highest rate is 59.13 cm of V2; for harvest data showed that V3 is the best result, but it is also a sensitive one in the condition of weed densities impaction more than the others varieties (D0V3=620.5; D4V3=438). Besides, the measurement of W1000 of rice grain (30.96 g) and Wt per pot (20.01 g) of D0V3 is weight more than the other treatment; within D4V4 was obtained lowest of W1000 (19.26 g) and the lowest of Wt is D1V1 (5.25 g). Besides that, D2 and D4 are more effective on rice growth and yield, and it was non–significant. However, it is not the interaction between weed densities and varieties of rice
Leaf Morphology of Brazilian Spinach (Alternanthera sissoo) as a Backyard Vegetable
Get PDFThe utilization of backyard gardens to fulfill family food by the Indonesian people needs to be developed, along with fulfilling nutrition during the Covid-19 pandemic. One of the plants that have the potential to grow is Brazilian spinach (Alternanthera sissoo). References on the morphology of Brazilian spinach are still limited, so it is necessary to observe the plant organs. This study aims to determine the leaf morphology of Brazilian spinach as vegetables in backyard gardens. Morphological observations of these spinach leaves were carried out visually at the Integrated Laboratory of the Agroecotechnology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Lambung Mangkurat University, in August 2020. The results showed that Brazilian spinach has a herbaceous with a simple leaf in a deltoid shape (deltoideus). It has tapered leaf tips (acuminatus); acuminated leaf base (acuminatus); wavy leaf margin (repandus); and simple palmate leaf venation (palminervis). The arrangement of its leaves is folia decussate, where each nod has two leaves that emerge opposite each othe