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Strategies for analysing hyperspectral imaging data for food quality and safety issues – A critical review of the last 5 years
No full textHyperspectral imaging is now establishing itself as a transformative analytical technique in the food safety and quality domains, offering unique capabilities for non-destructive, real-time, and high-resolution analysis of food at different levels of its production. Hyperspectral imaging combines the strengths of computer vision and classical spectroscopy. It provides both spatial and spectral information, making it a powerful and green alternative to the conventional techniques employed in this field.
This critical review explores the advances in hyperspectral imaging applications, highlighting its potential to revolutionize food quality and safety assessment, including adulteration, contamination and non-conformity detection. Recent breakthroughs in sensor technology, data processing algorithms, and machine learning integration are discussed, emphasizing the most popular data analysis strategies and their role in addressing the challenges of complex food matrices and dynamic production environments. This review underlines the data analysis approaches applied in each of the collected works, highlighting two trends: studying food samples as a whole or analyzing them as a set of pixel-spectra. Machine learning methods such as principal component analysis, partial least squares regression, partial least squares discriminant analysis, soft independent modelling of class analogy, and support vector machines have been widely applied for the analysis of food samples. These techniques are used for both qualitative and quantitative purposes, regardless of the sample’s origin (plant- or animal-based) or its complexity. Additionally, this review outlines the limitations of hyperspectral imaging, such as high costs, computational demands, and the need for standardized protocols, while identifying opportunities for future research and industrial implementation
Sustainable Management of Waste in the Olive Oil Sector
No full textOne of the challenges of olive oil production is the management of the large amounts of waste generated by the sector. Only 20% of the mass of the olive fruit ends up as olive oil. Most of the remaining biomass consists of the pulp and skin of the fruit, known as olive pomace. This olive pomace still contains oil, which is usually extracted with hexane and sold as lower-quality olive pomace oil. The biomass left over after extraction is called olive cake and is usually combusted to produce electricity or heat. Current waste management practices in the olive sector have a significant environmental impact and provide little economic benefit to olive oil producers. This work proposes a sustainable alternative to valorize olive cake, the main waste from the olive oil sector. The overall objective is to sustainably produce chemical compounds with market value, such as polyphenols, inositol, carbohydrates, bioethanol, tar and ash. The processes proposed also generate heat, that can be reused in the waste management alternative proposed. These processes can be integrated in a biorefinery that would be able to produce olive oil as the primary product, along with a wide range of other products with high market potential
StarTrackerPy: Star Pattern Recognition Algorithm
No full textUniversidad de Granada. Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenierías Informática y de Telecomunicación. Trabajo Fin de Grado. Curso académico 2019/202
Shale Tectonics in the Hyperextended Continental Margin of the Niger Delta
No full textBased on the interpretation of a large seismic data set, we provide a comprehensive description of the structures affecting the entire Niger Delta, from the onshore domain to the deep-offshore. The shale-dominated delta lies on a divergent segment of the west African passive margin. The delta is underlain by Lower Cretaceous oceanic crust offshore, transitioning landwards to the distal margin and the necking domains of a hyperextended continental lithosphere. The southward progradation of the delta over poorly consolidated Paleocene to Eocene shales facilitated their mobilization since the Early Miocene. Thick shales accumulated over a structural depression, where limited portions of exhumed mantle have been interpreted. The shales are characterized by overpressure conditions, which can be related to both rapid burial and hydrocarbon expulsion. The top of overpressure migrated over time and progressively truncates older successions toward the continent. The downslope flow of shales led to the formation of shale rollers, ridges, and other mobile-shale structures such as complex anticlines and walls. These structures are associated with minibasins filled by Miocene to the Quaternary growth strata. Within the transitional zone and the outer fold–thrust belt, the shales reduced their mobility. Updip extension, which started in Paleogene times, was transferred toward the toe of the gravitational system since the Late Miocene. The magnitude of updip extension is about the double of shortening in the outer fold–thrust belt. Strain unbalance at the scale of the gravitational system results from gravitational spreading being partially accommodated by tectonic (i.e., lateral) compaction of the shales
A Python toolbox for neural circuit parameter inference
No full textThis study was supported by grants PID2022-139055OA-I00, PID2022-
137461NB-C31, and PID2022-138286NB-I00, funded by MCIN/AEI/
10.13039/501100011033 and by “ERDF A way ofmaking Europe”; by “Junta
de Andalucía” - Postdoctoral Fellowship Program PAIDI 2021; and by
“CIBER en Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN),
Spain” through “Instituto de Salud Carlos III” co-funded with ERDF funds.Computational research tools have reached a level of maturity that enables efficient simulation of neural activity across diverse scales. Concurrently, experimental neuroscience is experiencing an unprecedented scale of data generation. Despite these advancements, our understanding of the precise mechanistic relationship between neural recordings and key aspects of neural activity remains insufficient, including which specific features of electrophysiological population dynamics (i.e., putative biomarkers) best reflect properties of the underlying microcircuit configuration. We present ncpi, an open-source Python toolbox that serves as an all-in-one solution, effectively integrating well-established methods for both forward and inverse modeling of extracellular signals based on single-neuron network model simulations. Our tool serves as a benchmarking resource for model-driven interpretation of electrophysiological data and the evaluation of candidate biomarkers that plausibly index changes in neural circuit parameters. Using mouse LFP data and human EEG recordings, we demonstrate the potential of ncpi to uncover imbalances in neural circuit parameters during brain development and in Alzheimer’s Disease.MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 , (PID2022-139055OA-I00, PID2022-137461NB-C31, and PID2022-138286NB-I00
Literatura infantil y juvenil y diversidad familiar: visibilización en la escuela y otros agentes sociales
No full textResumen. No parecería necesario afirmar que reconocer la diversidad aporta riqueza a nuestras vidas. También, que a través de la literatura podemos acceder a aquellas otras realidades con las que no nos sentimos directamente relacionados y, sin embargo, existen justo a nuestro lado. En esta aportación, reflexionamos sobre la diversidad familiar en la LIJ, asumiendo como valor innegable la importancia de la familia en el crecimiento integral de las y los menores, cuestionamos el itinerario lector actual y proponemos completarlo para poder llevar a las aulas algunas obras en las que quede reflejada la gran diversidad que hoy en día se engloba en el concepto de familia. Queremos seguir abogando por la literatura como recurso para una inclusión de las diferencias a través de tres líneas: 1. observar la LIJ actual y los agentes sociales que pueden ayudar a una mayor difusión de esta, 2. reconocer la diversidad familiar en nuestro patrimonio literario y, 3. introducirlo en la formación de las y los docentes
Maternidad y madres en las sociedades islámicas: concepto y funciones en la época medieval y contemporánea
No full textThis paper focuses on several aspects related to motherhood and the role of mothers in two historical periods of the history of Islam: pre-modern Arab societies, with a special focus on what is known in the West as the Middle Ages, and the Nahḍa or Arab Renaissance (end of the 19th century and beginning of the 20th). The Nahḍa brought about new ideas about motherhood, and they represent a tremendous change in the role of women as mothers, especially as women now begin to speak for themselves about motherhood. Mostly through a series of texts, the comparison focuses on what remains and what has changed in the role of women in Arab and Muslim family and societies throughout history.Nuestro objetivo en este trabajo es tratar diversos aspectos relativos a la maternidad y al papel de las madres en dos periodos históricos de la historia del islam: las sociedades árabes premodernas, con especial hincapié en lo que conocemos en occidente como la Edad Media, y la Naḥda o renacimiento árabe (finales del siglo XIX y principios del XX). La Naḥda trajo consigo nuevas ideas sobre la maternidad que constituyen un enorme cambio en relación al papel de las mujeres como madres y porque también las mujeres hablan por sí misma del papel de la maternidad. A través, sobre todo, de una serie de textos, comparamos y comentamos lo que perdura y lo que es totalmente distinto en el papel familiar y social de las mujeres como madres en las sociedades árabes y musulmanas a lo largo de la historia
Innovación educativa en educación primaria a través de Minecraft Education: análisis sobre el rendimiento académico y pensamiento computacional
No full textLa presente tesis doctoral aborda la innovación educativa en Educación Primaria a
través del uso de Minecraft Education, analizando principalmente su impacto en el
rendimiento académico y las posibles consecuencias en el desarrollo del
pensamiento computacional. El principal objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la
eficacia y funcionalidad de esta herramienta digital en el ámbito educativo,
explorando su potencial como recurso innovador que favorece el aprendizaje
activo, disminuyendo así, el riesgo de fracaso escolar. La tesis se compone por
cuatro publicaciones que responden a cada uno de los objetivos específicos
planteados.
En relación con la muestra, estuvo compuesta por 25 estudiantes de Educación
Primaria para el diseño cuasiexperimental y 464 estudiantes del Grado en
Educación Primaria en el estudio transversal. Así pues, se combinó un diseño
cuasiexperimental con grupo control y grupo experimental junto a un estudio
cuantitativo de tipo correlacional, con un diseño transversal y ex post facto
prospectivo. Además, previamente se realizó una revisión sistemática de la
literatura, analizando 12 estudios previos sobre la aplicación educativa de
Minecraft Education.
Los resultados revelaron que el uso de Minecraft Education potencia el aprendizaje
de contenidos curriculares en áreas como Matemáticas, Lengua, Ciencias Sociales
y Naturales. El alumnado que trabajó con esta herramienta obtuvo un mejor
progreso en el aprendizaje de fracciones, mostrando mayor compromiso,
motivación y calificaciones superiores frente a aquellos que utilizaron métodos
tradicionales. A su vez, se constató un posible impacto positivo en el pensamiento
computacional, al fomentar la resolución de problemas, la creatividad y el
aprendizaje colaborativo.
En cuanto a la percepción de los futuros docentes, los videojuegos fueron
valorados como herramientas útiles en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje, sin
diferencias significativas en función del sexo o la edad. No obstante, los resultados
indicaron que las barreras percibidas por el profesorado, como la falta de formación
y las limitaciones infraestructurales y materiales, influyen en la adaptación e
implementación efectiva de los videojuegos en el aula.
Finalmente, la investigación destaca el potencial de Minecraft Education como
recurso innovador en el entorno educativo, destacando su capacidad para mejorar
el compromiso, la motivación y el rendimiento académico del alumnado. La
inclusión de esta herramienta en la práctica docente puede ser clave para
transformar la forma de aprender y enseñar, y promover un aprendizaje más dinámico e inclusivo, desarrollando competencias digitales y habilidades de
pensamiento computacional esenciales para el siglo XXI.This doctoral thesis addresses educational innovation in Primary Education through
the use of Minecraft Education, mainly analysing its impact on academic
performance and the possible consequences on the development of computational
thinking. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and
functionality of this digital tool in the educational field, exploring its potential as an
innovative resource that favours active learning, thus reducing the risk of school
failure. The thesis is made up of four publications that respond to each of the
specific objectives set out.
Regarding the sample, it was composed of 25 Primary Education students for the
quasi-experimental design and 464 students of the Primary Education Degree in the
cross-sectional study. Thus, a quasi-experimental design with a control group and
an experimental group was combined with a quantitative correlational study, with a
cross-sectional and ex post facto prospective design. In addition, a systematic
review of the literature was previously carried out, analysing 12 previous studies on
the educational application of Minecraft Education.
The results revealed that the use of Minecraft Education enhances the learning of
curricular content in areas such as Mathematics, Language, Social Sciences and
Natural Sciences. Students who worked with this tool made better progress in
learning fractions, showing greater commitment, motivation and higher grades than
those who used traditional methods. At the same time, a possible positive impact
on computational thinking was observed, by encouraging problem solving, creativity
and collaborative learning.
As for the perception of future teachers, video games were valued as useful tools in
the teaching-learning process, with no significant differences according to gender
or age. However, the results indicated that the barriers perceived by teachers, such
as lack of training and infrastructural and material limitations, influence the
adaptation and effective implementation of video games in the classroom.
Finally, the research highlights the potential of Minecraft Education as an innovative
resource in the educational environment, highlighting its ability to improve student
engagement, motivation and academic performance. The inclusion of this tool in
teaching practice can be key to transforming the way we learn and teach, and
promote more dynamic and inclusive learning, developing digital competences and
computational thinking skills essential for the 21st century.Tesis Univ. Granada
Soil physicochemical characterization and suitability assessment for the coastal mangrove swamp rice production system in Guinea-Bissau
No full textThis work was done with the financial assistance of the European Union, DeSIRA project ‘Mangroves, mangrove rice and mangrove people: sustainably improving rice production, ecosystems and livelihoods’ (Grant Contract FOOD/2019/412–700).The mangrove swamp rice (MSR) agroecologies are widely acknowledged as crucial for rice production in West Africa, particularly in Guinea-Bissau. However, the optimal functionality of soil–water dynamics for rice cultivation, is constrained by poor soil fertility, waterlogging condition, or high soil salinity. Climatic variability, including unpredictable rainfall, droughts, and extreme weather, exacerbates these issues. Additionally, economic and social factors, including limited access to resources, labor shortages and market instability, further hinder farmerś ability to adapt, increasing mangrove swamp rice production (MSRP) vulnerability, threatening yields and food security. Soil characterization and suitability assessment serve as the foundational steps to investigate, describe, and identify constraints that small-scale farmers face daily in their production activities. In this study, soil profiles and nursery topsoils were described, sampled, and analyzed between 2022 and 2023 in three coastal areas and four villages of Guinea-Bissau, serving as study cases: Elalab (North), Malafu and Enchugal (Center), and Cafine (South). The physicochemical properties of soil were analyzed in the laboratory, and then subsequently utilized for classification and suitability assessment. Results revealed that soil profiles in the northern region exhibit structural limitations and low nutrient levels [nitrogen(N), phosphorus(P), potassium(K)] due to high sodicity concentration (> 5 cmol (+) kg−1), which consequently limit rice growth and yield. Conversely, soils in the southern and central regions show significant acidification and salinization, induced by reduction conditions and jarosite formation. Shallow nursery upland soils (Oio region, center) exhibit low nutrient content and water retention capacity, restricting seedling root growth. In conclusion, the establishment of enduring and adaptable strategies for innovative soil management practices in MSRP demands bridging farmers’ traditional agricultural knowledge and practices with scientific insights. Innovations will be produced through the systematic collaboration between experts, scientists and farmers, who will share observations, experiences and knowledge to foster the development of nature-based solutions.European Union (Grant Contract FOOD/2019/412–700
Neuroeducational Factors Influencing Cognitive and Emotional Development in Unaccompanied Foreign Minors: The Impact of Migration Trauma
No full textThe migration experience of unaccompanied foreign minors (UFMs) has significant
emotional and cognitive implications. The present research explores the way in
which migration trauma influences the cognitive and emotional development of UFMs,
contextualizing the current situation of this population in relation to migration trauma and
neuroeducation. This study aimed to understand these impacts by examining the lived
experiences of UFMs. An interpretative paradigm was adopted alongside a qualitative
methodological approach, employing a collective case study technique to explore individual
narratives in depth. The present findings highlight links between migratory trauma
and cognitive and emotional development through a neuroeducational lens. Emphasis was
placed on the importance of understanding the unique experience of each child and the
critical role of professional support in mitigating the adverse effects of migration trauma.This research was funded by proyecto I+D+i PID2020-119194RB-I00 (TYNDALL/UFM).
MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/. https://ror.org/003x0zc53 (accessed on 9 March 2025)