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Algerian Youth and Entrepreneurship: The Struggles of Employment and the Mechanisms of Social Integration
No full textYouth is considered the paper on which various countries of the world are betting, as this
category constitutes an important human wealth in achieving economic and social development, due
to its characteristics and components that help it to work and give, as youth is part of the issue as
well as part of the solution, which requires the need to invest in it properly so that its efforts are
directed in a proper manner.
Among the most important issues that concern young people, including Algerian youth, is the
issue of employment, which has many difficulties, so we find that the Algerian state pays great
attention to this issue through its adoption of multiple employment programs and its encouragement
of entrepreneurial projects that create more opportunities for work outside the government sector
for young people, thus contributing to their integration into society
Toward Variational Structural Learning of Bayesian Networks
No full textThis study presents a novel variational framework for structural learning in Bayesian networks
(BNs), addressing the key limitation of existing Bayesian methods: their lack of scalability to large
graphs with many variables. Traditional approaches, such as MCMC and stochastic search, often encounter
computational barriers due to the super-exponential growth of the Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG) space.
Our method introduces a scalable alternative by leveraging a factorized variational family to approximate the
posterior distribution over DAG structures, enabling efficient computation of Bayesian scores and predictive
posterior inference. Unlike previous methods, which are constrained by high computational costs or domainspecific
limitations, this approach achieves tractability through mean-field variational inference and tractable
updating equations, allowing application to significantly larger datasets. Empirical results on benchmark
datasets demonstrate that the proposed framework consistently outperforms state-of-the-art methods in terms
of scalability and predictive accuracy while maintaining robustness across diverse scenarios. This work
represents a key step towards scalable Bayesian structural learning and opens avenues for future research to
refine the variational approximation and incorporate advanced parallelization techniques.PID2022-139293NB-C33, funded by Ministerio de Ciencia, Inovación y Universidades
(MICIU)/Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI)/10.13039/501100011033 and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) of the
European Union
The effect of nutritional labels on the facilitation of food image detection
No full textThe abundance of reduced-energy food products in modern society means consumers are frequently exposed to
foods with similar sensory characteristics but differing nutritional values (e.g., sugar or sugar-free beverages).
This inconsistency between sensory cues and nutritional content has been suggested to impair eating regulatory
mechanisms such as flavor-nutrient learning and conditioned satiety. This research aimed to examine whether
nutritional labels can serve as a tool to counteract this presumed impairment. Specifically, we investigated
whether nutritional labels could modulate the previously observed attentional bias toward food stimuli. Across
two experiments, we explored (1) whether attentional bias is influenced by the nutritional value of the food
(Experiment 1) and (2) whether this bias can be modulated by a pre-feeding phase in which participants
consumed a food item presented either with or without a nutritional label that signaled high or low caloric
content (Experiment 2). Our results replicate the finding that attentional biases toward foods are modulated by
their nutritional value. However, the effect of nutrition labels remains inconclusive. Future research should
explore whether using this methodology with alternative nutritional label formats would be more effective.Funding for open access charge: Universidad de Granada/CBUAGrant P20_00676 by ERDF/Junta de
Andalucía (PAIDI 2020)Grant PID2022-
136219NB-I00 funded by MICIU/AEI/ 10.13039/501100011033 and
by ERDF, EUGrants CEX2023–001312-M by MCIN/AEI/
10.13039/ 501100011033 and UCE-PP2023–11 by the University of
Granad
Abuses of Power, Corruption and Oblivion in Melba Escobar's La Casa de la Belleza
No full textLa Casa de la Belleza de Melba Escobar (2015) es interpretada como un reflejo de una sociedad elitista con múltiples defectos, desigualdades sociales y una extraordinaria corrupción. Este estudio muestra cómo determinadas injusticias estructurales y legales, como la resolución impropia de la violación y el asesinato de una adolescente, son provocadas activamente por unos hombres políticamente poderosos. Metodológicamente, se combinan conceptos literarios de la villanía con las teorías sobre diferentes tipos de violencia y los estudios poscoloniales, de género y de la memoria, para exponer cómo los villanos masculinos, especialmente el padre del asesino, abusan de su poder y utilizan tanto sobornos como acciones violentas para elevarse por encima del aparato estatal, representado por unos funcionarios deliberadamente pasivos. La corruptibilidad de gran parte de los personajes y de un amplio sector de las instituciones públicas le ayuda al antagonista a imponer un olvido defensivo para tergiversar la investigación del asesinato.Melba Escobar's La Casa de la Belleza (2015) is interpreted as a portrayal of an elitist society with multiple defects, social inequalities and extraordinary corruption. This study shows how certain structural and legal injustices, such as the improper resolution of the rape and murder of a teenage girl, are actively provoked by politically powerful men. Methodologically, literary concepts of villainy are combined with theories on different types of violence and postcolonial, gender and memory studies to expose how male villains, especially the killer's father, abuse their power and use both bribery and violence to elevate themselves above the state system, represented by deliberately passive officials. The corruptibility of many of the characters and of a large sector of public institutions helps the antagonist to impose a defensive oblivion in order to distort the murder investigation
El espejo del Kalifa: representación del mito «bueno» de Al-ándalus en Cuevas del Almanzora mediante el cine etnográfico subjetivo (de la observación participante al cine ensayo)
No full textEsta tesis explora el cine-ensayo como herramienta para la antropología interpretativa,
enfocándose en la representación del mito «bueno» de al-Ándalus en Cuevas del Almanzora
(Almería). La antropología contemporánea busca superar las limitaciones de la observación
participante tradicional, y el cine-ensayo emerge como un método reflexivo capaz de captar la
subjetividad y complejidad cultural. Como parte del trabajo de investigación, se realizó la película
El Espejo del Kalifa (2024), una producción original en colaboración con la comunidad local,
centrada en la figura del escritor José María Martínez Álvarez de Sotomayor y en el mito
«bueno» de al-Ándalus, un concepto desarrollado por el catedrático José Antonio González Alcantud.
La metodología de la investigación combinó la observación participante con la creación
del cine-ensayo, recopilando material audiovisual durante estancias en Cuevas del Almanzora
para analizar la interacción entre la intención del cineasta, las imágenes y la interpretación de
los espectadores. Los resultados muestran que El Espejo del Kalifa funciona como un espacio
de diálogo, reflejando la complejidad y ambigüedad de las identidades culturales. Sin embargo,
se identifican aspectos no concluyentes en la representación del mito, ya que no se logra un
diálogo intercultural claro y definitivo. En conclusión, el cine-ensayo se revela como un medio
valioso para la antropología interpretativa, permitiendo una enunciación que incluye tanto la reflexión
como la subjetividad. La película se convierte en un ejemplo de cómo el cine puede ser
un dispositivo de pensamiento y de diálogo, cuestionando las representaciones totalizadoras.
Esta tesis contribuye al campo de la antropología audiovisual al proponer un enfoque metodológico
que integra la creación cinematográfica como parte del proceso de conocimiento.Tesis Univ. Granada
Questions of Existence and Culture in the Gnostic Novel of Abdelilah Ben Arafa: Towards an Interpretative Model
No full textTalking about Gnostic discourse in general, and about Gnostic narration in particular, is a
turning towards those existential, metaphysical worlds that inevitably produce spiritual
relationships between the self and its reality, and between the self and existence, with the aim of
touching upon the reality of the act of identification between the ego (human being) as a part,
and the absolute as a whole in a transcendent, luminous crucible.
Therefore, through this research paper, we endeavor to shed light on the Gnostic narrative
project of the Moroccan novelist “Abdel-Ilah Ben Arafa”, in which we touched upon existential
implications through which he wages the battle of memory and establishes a project he called
“new literature” with a religious reference and cognitive Gnostic goals that achieve a
transformation in the reader’s conscience, behavior, and knowledge by reconnecting the self
with its memory, history, and cultural, intellectual, as well as Gnostic heritage in particular.
Since the Gnostic novel transcended and combined the magic of writing through adopting the
path of allusion and using Sufi language, the depth of contemplation, the confusion of the
question, and the pursuit of the luminous path with the aim of taking the reader out of the crucible
of intellectual confusion, historical ignorance, and the chaos of concepts in the cultural heritage,
it became a real model that calls for interpretive consideration that goes beyond superficial
meanings and searches for the inner purposes. Hence, we pose the following question: To what extent was the Gnostic novel of “Ben Arafa”
able to represent a true transcendent model of the discourse of the self through reconsidering
Sufi thought, its aesthetic angles, philosophical approaches, and civilizational stakes, and
destabilizing cultural contexts in order to achieve sublime spiritual values
Skundo, a rede de água da medina de Tetouan (Marrocos)
No full textEl texto es un resultado del Grupo de Investigación: HUM-1056 Proyecto arquitectónico y patrimonio cultural de la Junta de Andalucía.El agua fue un factor determinante para la elección del
enclave en el que se situó Tetuán. En su refundación
(1484), los expatriados granadinos introdujeron su cultura
y conocimientos para dotar a la medina de la necesaria
estructura social y económica, garantizando el suministro
hídrico mediante un sistema de abastecimiento continuo
de agua corriente que sería conocido como la red Skundo.
El presente artículo estudia y cifra la relevancia de este
sistema hidráulico tan característico de la ciudad de
Tetuán. Se aporta la descripción de los elementos materiales
que configuran esta red y se presentan los resultados de
un estudio de campo en el que se analiza el sistema de
abastecimiento de 119 viviendas de la medina. Con estos
datos se informa del estado de la red Skundo en el momento
actual, valorando su consideración patrimonial.The water was a determining factor in the choice of the place
where Tetouan was located. At its re- foundation (1484), the
expatriates from Granada introduced their culture and
knowledge to provide the medina with the necessary social
and economic structure, guaranteeing the water supply by
means of a system of continuous running water supply that
would become known as the Skundo network. This article
studies and figures the relevance of this hydraulic system so
characteristic of the city of Tetuán. It provides a description
of the material elements that make up this network and
presents the results of a field study analysing the supply
system of 119 dwellings in the medina. These data are used to
report on the current state of the Skundo network, assessing
its heritage value.A água foi um fator determinante para a escolha do enclave
em que Tetouan se localizava. Na sua refundação (1484),
os expatriados granadinos introduziram a sua cultura e
saberes para dotar a Medina da necessária estrutura social
e económica, garantindo o abastecimento de água através
de um sistema de abastecimento contínuo de água corrente
que viria a ser conhecido como rede Skundo . Este artigo
estuda e figura a relevância deste sistema hidráulico tão
característico da cidade de Tetuán. Faz-se uma descrição dos
elementos materiais que compõem esta rede e apresentamse os resultados de um estudo de campo em que se analisa
o sistema de abastecimento de 119 habitações da Medina.
Com estes dados reporta-se o estado da rede Skundo na
atualidade, avaliando a sua ponderação patrimonial.Junta de Andalucí
Frozen Shoulder as a Metabolic and Immune Disorder: Potential Roles of Leptin Resistance, JAK-STAT Dysregulation, and Fibrosis
No full textFrozen shoulder (FS) is a complex and multifactorial condition characterized by persistent inflammation, fibrosis, and metabolic dysregulation. Despite extensive research, the underlying drivers of FS remain poorly understood. Recent findings indicate the coexistence of pro-inflammatory and fibrosis-resolving macrophages within affected tissues, suggesting a dysregulated immune response influenced by metabolic and neuroendocrine factors. This review proposes that leptin resistance, a hallmark of metabolic syndrome and chronic inflammation, may play a central role in FS pathogenesis by impairing macrophage polarization, perpetuating inflammation, and disrupting fibrosis resolution. The JAK-STAT signaling pathway, critically modulated by leptin resistance, may further contribute to immune dysregulation by sustaining inflammatory macrophage activation and interfering with tissue remodeling. Additionally, FS shares pathogenic features with fibrotic diseases driven by TGF-β signaling, mitochondrial dysfunction, and circadian disruption, further linking systemic metabolic dysfunction to localized fibrotic pathology. Beyond immune and metabolic regulation, alterations in gut microbiota, bacterial translocation, and chronic psychosocial stress may further exacerbate systemic inflammation and neuroendocrine imbalances, intensifying JAK-STAT dysregulation and leptin resistance. By examining the intricate interplay between metabolism, immune function, and fibrotic remodeling, this review highlights targeting leptin sensitivity, JAK-STAT modulation, and mitochondrial restoration as novel therapeutic strategies for FS treatment. Future research should explore these interconnections to develop integrative interventions that address both the metabolic and immune dysregulation underlying FS, ultimately improving clinical outcomes.Santiago Navarro Ledesma.
CONVOCATORIA DE PROYECTOS DE INVESTIGACIÓN
UGR / CIUDAD AUTÓNOMA DE MELILLA 202
Predictores de la ansiedad al hablar un idioma extranjero en un contexto de ILE de nivel terciario
No full textThis study aimed to investigate tertiary-level English as a foreign language
(EFL) learners’ L2 speaking anxiety and its relationship with their L2 willingness to communicate
(WTC), ideal and ought-to L2 selves, and L2 motivation in a Turkish EFL context with
a mixed-methods approach. A composite survey form was used for quantitative data, while
qualitative data were collected using semi-structured interviews. Major findings indicated
that the ought-to L2 self had the strongest positive link with L2 speaking anxiety, whereas
other variables were correlated with L2 speaking anxiety negatively. Multiple regression
analysis revealed that the ought-to L2 self was the strongest and the only positive predictor
of L2 speaking anxiety. L2 motivation and the ideal L2 self followed it as two negative predictors,
respectively. However, L2 WTC did not significantly impact the regression model.
Based on the results, the study provided some implications for L2 learning and teaching.Este estudio tuvo como objetivo investigar la ansiedad al hablar el idioma inglés
como lengua extranjera (EFL) en estudiantes de nivel terciario, y su relación con la disposición
a comunicarse en la L2, el yo ideal y el yo deóntico L2, y la motivación en la L2 en
un contexto turco de EFL mediante un enfoque de métodos mixtos. Se utilizó un formulario
de encuesta compuesto para recopilar datos cuantitativos, mientras que los datos cualitativos
se recopilaron mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas. Los principales hallazgos indicaron
que el yo deóntico L2 tenía la conexión positiva más fuerte con la ansiedad al hablar en la
L2, mientras que las demás variables se correlacionaban negativamente con la ansiedad al
hablar en la L2. El análisis de regresión múltiple mostró que el yo deóntico L2 fue el predictor
más fuerte y el único predictor positivo de la ansiedad al hablar en la L2. La motivación
en la L2 y el yo ideal en la L2 le siguieron como dos predictores negativos, respectivamente.
Sin embargo, la disposición a comunicarse en la L2 no tuvo un impacto significativo en el
modelo de regresión. El estudio proporcionó algunas implicaciones para el aprendizaje y la
enseñanza del L2 basadas en los resultados obtenidos
Optimizing Industrial Etching Processes for PCB Manu-facturing: Real-Time Temperature Control Using VGG-Based Transfer Learning
No full textThis research was funded by Research Development Fund, Grant Number: RDF-21-01-028; Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship, Grant Number: SURF-2024-0355; and Project for Centre of Excellence for Syntegrative Education, Grant Number: COESE2324-01-07 of Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University. Guillermo Garcia-Garcia acknowledges the Grant ‘Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions (MSCA) Postdoctoral Fellowship’ with Grant agreement ID: 101052284.Accurate temperature control in Printed Circuit Board (PCB) manufacturing is essential for maintaining high-quality etching results. Automated monitoring using machine vision and deep learning offers an effective approach for this task. This study investigated a feature-based transfer learning technique for classifying temperature readiness in infrared images of the etching process. The captured dataset containing 470 ‘Production-Ready’ and 480 ‘Not-Ready’ infrared images of the etchant tank was utilized. Pre-trained Visual Geometry Group (VGG) Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) models, specifically VGG16 and VGG19, were employed to extract discriminative features from these images. Logistic Regression (LR) classifiers were then trained on these features to classify the infrared images. The performance of the VGG16-LR and VGG19-LR pipelines was evaluated on training, validation, and test sets using a 60:20:20 split. While both pipelines achieved 100% accuracy on the training sets, the VGG19 pipeline showed exceptional performance, achieving a validation accuracy of 95%, and a test accuracy of 99%. The VGG16 pipeline also demonstrated robust performance, achieving 96% accuracy on both the validation and test sets. Considering the dimensions and the overall efficiency of the pipeline, it was determined that the VGG19-LR model was appropriate for the captured dataset. The high accuracy indicates that transfer learning is suitable for categorizing temperature fluctuation in infrared thermography, as opposed to training a deep neural network from scratch. Computer vision and deep learning provide automated and precise temperature management during the etching process, leading to enhanced efficiency in PCB manufacturing.Research Development Fund, RDF-21-01-028Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship, SURF-2024-0355Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University COESE2324-01-07‘Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions (MSCA) Postdoctoral Fellowship’ 10105228