92516 research outputs found
Sort by
SASD: Self-Attention for Small Datasets- A case study in smart villages
No full textUnderstanding repeat visitation patterns in tourism is important for optimizing economic benefits, as loyal visitors significantly contribute to the stability and growth of destinations. However, this area remains underexplored, especially in smart villages where data limitations challenge traditional machine learning (ML) approaches. Although neural networks (NN) have proven effective in various research fields, they struggle with small datasets. We propose a ML application for tracing repeat visitors using NN suitable for small datasets. Specifically, we designed SASD (Self-Attention for Small Dataset), a deep learning architecture that incorporates self-attention layers to address data limitations. We applied SASD to predict tourists’ visit intentionality in the next 12 months in a smart village region, using as training data, information from License Plate Recognition sensors, and questionnaires. We evaluated its performance against various ML algorithms; Decision Trees, Random Forests, K-NN, Logistic Regression, Gradient Boosting, Naive Bayes, SVM, MLP, RNN, and LSTM, TabNet and TabTransformer. Our results demonstrate greater accuracy, recall, precision, and F1-score. Specifically, SASD outperforms other models by up to 3% on the weighted average F1 score. Our results also confirm that in NN, the incorporation of self-attention layers accelerates convergence and reduces processing time by 32%. The best results are achieved with two self-attention layers placed at the beginning and end of the NN. Our results provide insights for policymakers, business managers, local communities, and environmental organizations, enabling informed decisions and optimal resource allocation for tourism development
An Analysis of Young Women University Students’s Physical Activity Levels
Get PDFThis study is part of the teaching innovation project: “ACTIVATE: Use of Smart Devices for the Promotion of Physical Activity” (PIMED31_202224) at the University of Jaén.The physical activity (PA) level in women, it seems, tends to decrease in adulthood. The aims of the study were: (i) to evaluate the degree of compliance with PA recommendations in young women university students and (ii) to measure steps and the level of PA in different periods during the week. Eighty-eight young adult girls (21.38 ± 2.71 years) were recruited for this study. Participants wore an “Actigraph GT3X” accelerometer for seven days, collecting minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and steps volume. The results show an 80% of compliance of the 10,000 steps per day and a 220% of compliance of the 300 min/week of MVPA. The analysis shows a trend towards higher steps and PA minutes at the Weekdays (steps/day, BF10 = 168.563, δ = 0.418; meeting recommendations 10,000 steps/day, BF10 = 168.563, δ = 0.419; MVPA minutes/day, BF10 = 10.648, δ = 0.323; meeting recommendations 300 min/week, BF10 = 10.648, δ = 0.324) and during the Out-of-University-Time (steps/day, BF10 = 1.387 × 1010, δ = −0.883; meeting recommendations 10,000 steps/day, BF10 = 1.387 × 1010, δ = −0.886; MVPA minutes/day, BF10 = 1.110 × 1015, δ = −1.138; meeting recommendations 300 min/week, BF10 = 1.1 × 1015, δ = −1.144). This study can provide strategies and motivational PA guidelines at university to enhance well-being in young female university students
A Novel Approach for Evaluating Web Page Performance Based on Machine Learning Algorithms and Optimization Algorithms
Get PDFThis work has been developed under the grant PID2023-147409NB-C21, funded by the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia Innovación y Universidades (Agencia Estatal de Investigación) MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, as well as by ERDF (European Union). The research has also been funded by projects TED2021-131699B-I00 and TED2021-129938B-I00 (MICU and AEI), as well as projects PID2020-113462RB-I00 and PID2020-115570GB-C22 of the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness; project C-ING-179-UGR23 financed by the “Consejería de Universidades, Investigación e Inno-vación” (Andalusian Government, FEDER Program 2021-2027); and project PPJIA2023-031 (Plan Propio de Investigación y Transferencia UGR).This study introduces a novel evaluation framework for predicting web page performance, utilizing state-of-the-art machine learning algorithms to enhance the accuracy and efficiency of web quality assessment. We systematically identify and analyze 59 key attributes that influence website performance, derived from an extensive literature review spanning from 2010 to 2024. By integrating a comprehensive set of performance metrics—encompassing usability, accessibility, content relevance, visual appeal, and technical performance—our framework transcends traditional methods that often rely on limited indicators. Employing various classification algorithms, including Support Vector Machines (SVMs), Logistic Regression, and Random Forest, we compare their effectiveness on both original and feature-selected datasets. Our findings reveal that SVMs achieved the highest predictive accuracy of 89% with feature selection, compared to 87% without feature selection. Similarly, Random Forest models showed a slight improvement, reaching 81% with feature selection versus 80% without. The application of feature selection techniques significantly enhances model performance, demonstrating the importance of focusing on impactful predictors. This research addresses critical gaps in the existing literature by proposing a methodology that utilizes newly extracted features, making it adaptable for evaluating the performance of various website types. The integration of automated tools for evaluation and predictive capabilities allows for proactive identification of potential performance issues, facilitating informed decision-making during the design and development phases. By bridging the gap between predictive modeling and optimization, this study contributes valuable insights to practitioners and researchers alike, establishing new benchmarks for future investigations in web page performance evaluation.MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 PID2023-147409NB-C21ERDF (European Union)TED2021-131699B-I00 and TED2021-129938B-I00 (MICU and AEI)Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness PID2020-113462RB-I00 and PID2020-115570GB-C22Andalusian Government C-ING-179-UGR23FEDER Program 2021-2027Universidad de Granada PPJIA2023-03
Pluriversos, multinaturalismos y seres de la tierra: Del paradigma de la interculturalidad a la radicalización de la ontología política
No full textProyecto de investigación "Vanguardias plebeyas" (Fundación Sabadell y Universidad de Granada: PPJIB2024-07)Como continuación con la anterior cartografía, la presente conferencia se propone profundizar en una de las derivas del pensamiento crítico latinoamericano contemporáneo con mayor vigencia en la actualidad. Partiendo de una crítica a los presupuestos dicotómicos que se encuentran a la base de la ontología de la modernidad occidental: naturaleza/cultura, sujeto/objeto, humano/no-humano; una serie de autores entre los que cabría destacar a Arturo Escobar, Eduardo Viveiros de Castro o Marisol de la Cadena, se interrogan acerca de la posibilidad de superar el actual paradigma antropocéntrico. Una de las estrategias más provocativas pasa por realizar una crítica al discurso de la interculturalidad por reconocer únicamente la pluralidad cultural negando la diversidad de entidades ontológicas. Especialmente sugerente resulta el reconocimiento de los derechos de la naturaleza argüido por Eduardo Gudynas bajo la fórmula del “Buen vivir” y la incidencia política que este tuvo durante los procesos constituyentes que tuvieron lugar en Ecuador y Bolivia (2005-2009).Fundación SabadellUniversidad de Granada: PPJIB2024-0
An Analysis of the Inclusion and Depiction of Gender Perspective in Spanish Geography Textbooks
No full textQuality education requires institutional commitment to promote gender equality. Yet, the materials utilized daily in pre-higher education sometimes reproduce gender-stereotyped behaviors deeply ingrained in our western culture. The main aim is to analyze the content of the three predominant Geography textbooks used in Andalusia, Spain, to verify whether the gender perspective is incorporated into their treatment. The findings obtained reveal that textbooks contain a compilation of descriptions that exclude women from their study, both in theory and practical exercises. Nonetheless, variances among publishers become apparent, with certain strategies emerging to integrate egalitarian content, notably through the incorporation of diverse imagery
Therapeutic Management in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Who Are Overweight or Obese: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
No full textIntroduction/Objective: The relationship between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and overweight is complex and multifaceted, as these conditions can interact in terms of symptoms, severity and clinical management. To analyse the clinical and therapeutic management of patients suffering from COPD and overweight. Methods: This systematic review was carried out, in accordance with the PRISMA statement, during November 2024, following a search of the Medline/PubMed databases. The search equation used, with MESH descriptors, was: “(Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive OR COPD) AND (obesity OR overweight)”. Both inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied, focusing on the selection of clinical trials. The studies were classified into two main groups: by their focus on the relationship between overweight/obesity and COPD; and by the benefits provided by physical exercise to patients with these conditions. A random-effects meta-analysis was performed on the data obtained. The protocol was registered in the PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (CRD42024576389). Results: The search produced nine relevant clinical trials with a total of 1345 COPD patients. Four of the trials incorporated obesity (BMI ≥ 30) as an inclusion criterion, while the other five had mixed samples, with patients presenting either overweight or obesity (four patients with BMI ≥ 25 and one with BMI ≥ 27). The risk of bias tool for randomised trials showed that all nine studies had a low risk of bias. Overall, these studies highlight the importance of overweight management and reject the use of extreme measures. Furthermore, they confirm the association between overweight/obesity and COPD, for which this condition is a risk factor, to a degree depending on the BMI. Four studies reported significant improvements in the clinical management of COPD patients following appropriate physical exercise. Specifically, one study observed that supervised exercise improved cardio-vascular performance; another, that observed that aquatic exercise increased maximal capacity, endurance and quality of life; another, that found cycling improved ventilatory performance; and the fourth, that observed exercise complementary to standard therapy in hospitalised obese COPD patients improved strength, exercise capacity and other perceived variables such as anxiety, mobility and dyspnoea. Conclusions: The therapeutic management of overweight COPD patients should include weight control, physical exercise and appropriate pharmacological treatment. Physical exercise is associated with improvements in endurance, exercise capacity, cardio-vascular performance, ventilatory performance and strength. In addition, the participants in these studies self-perceived clinical improvement. These findings justify the performance of further RCTs examining the role of physical exercise in patients with COPD and overweight/obesity, in order to improve their clinical outcomes and quality of life
Toxic Cyanopeptides Monitoring in Thermal Spring Water by Capillary Electrophoresis Tandem Mass Spectrometry
No full textThis research Project PID2021-1278040BI00 was funded by Spanish MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, and by “ERDF A way of making Europe”. PROYEXCEL_00195 was funded by Consejería de Universidad, Investigación e Innovación, Junta de Andalucía. R.C.-M. thanks the predoctoral contract from Project PID2021-1278040B-I00. Thanks to the support of “National Network for Sustainable Sample preparation” (RED2022-134079-T).Supplementary Materials.
The following supporting information can be downloaded at:
https://www.mdpi.com/article/10.3390/toxins17020063/s1Cyanobacteria are an ancient group of prokaryotes capable of oxygenic photosynthesis. Recently, thermal crises symptoms in hot springs have been associated with acute cyanopeptides poisoning. The aim of this work is to develop a fast, easy and reliable method to monitor the presence of toxic cyanopeptides in geothermal waters. The analytical method based on capillary zone electrophoresis coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (CZE-MS/MS) was developed for the simultaneous determination of 14 cyanopeptides in less than 7.5 min. A basic 50 mM ammonium acetate buffer at pH 10.2 was selected as the background electrolyte, positive electrospray ionization (ESI+) was employed for all compounds, and a salting-out assisted liquid–liquid extraction (SALLE) protocol with acetonitrile as an extraction solvent and MgSO4 as an auxiliary salting-out agent was optimized as sample treatment. Six natural hot springs in the province of Granada (Andalucía, Spain) were sampled at the beginning of the summer season (June) and at the end (September). Biomass collected at two sample points (Santa Fe and Zújar) contained cyanobacteria cells from the genera Phormidium, Leptolyngbya, and Spirulina. Nevertheless, cyanotoxins covered by this work were not found in any of the water samples analyzed. The greenness and transferability of the method was evaluated highlighting its sustainability and applicability.MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 PID2021-1278040BI00“ERDF A way of making Europe”Junta de Andalucía PROYEXCEL_00195Project PID2021-1278040B-I00“National Network for Sustainable Sample preparation” (RED2022-134079-T
Religión y Espiritualidad - Glosario Audiovisual Crítico Sobre Bioética Y Final De La Vida
No full textEste vídeo explora los conceptos de religión y espiritualidad, destacando sus raíces etimológicas y sus diferencias clave. La religión se centra en creencias y ritos organizados colectivamente, mientras que la espiritualidad enfatiza la conexión individual con lo sagrado. En el contexto del final de la vida, ambas influyen en prácticas como la eutanasia y la objeción de conciencia, con implicaciones éticas y legales. Además, se subraya la importancia de la asistencia espiritual para el paciente, ayudándole a encontrar sentido y a reflexionar sobre sus creencias y valores.This video delves into the concepts of religion and spirituality, exploring their etymological roots and key differences. Religion focuses on organized collective beliefs and rites, while spirituality emphasizes individual connection to the sacred. In the context of end-of-life practices, both concepts influence discussions on euthanasia and conscientious objection, raising ethical and legal concerns. The video also highlights the significance of spiritual care for patients, assisting them in finding meaning and evaluating their beliefs and values.Proyecto de Innovación Docente 24-192. Vicerrectorado de Calidad, Innovación Docente y Estudios de GradoÁrea de diseño y producción multimedia. Centro de Producción de Recursos para la Universidad Digital (CEPRUD
Hydrothermal Retrogradation from Chlorite to Tosudite: Effect on the Optical Properties
No full texthe following supporting information can be downloaded at: https://www.mdpi.com/article/10.3390/min15030326/s1, Table S1: Compositions of chlorites, nearly free of smectite layers, determined by EMPA, used for chlorite geothermometry.Projects TED2021-131697B-C22 and PID2023-
147440OB-C22 from the Spanish MICIU/AEI/ 10.13039/501100011033Project FEDER-UJA Andalucía
2021-2027. M.1.B.B TA_000655Research Group RNM-179 of the Junta de Andalucía. Z.A.
acknowledges the Ministry of Science, Research and Technology of Iran and the Vicerrectorado de
InvestigaciónCICODE of the Granada University for the grants for funding her stay in the
Granada UniversityIn the argillic alteration zone of the SinAbad area of the Urumieh–Dokhtar magmatic
belt (Iran), Mg-rich, Fe-poor chlorites, which crystallised at temperatures between
160 ◦C and 260 ◦C, were affected by extensive alteration to smectite mixed-layering at
the micro- and nano-scales during the retrograde evolution of the hydrothermal system.
Chlorites retain their usual optical aspect and properties, except for the index of refraction
perpendicular to the (001) layers, which becomes lower than those parallel to the layers,
producing an increase in birefringence and change in the optic and elongation signs, in comparison
to the ordinary ones for Mg chlorites. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) maps
and compositions, and electron microprobe (EMP) analyses indicate minor but ubiquitous
Ca (and K) content. X-ray diffraction (XRD) of chloritic concentrates allowed the identification
of chlorite and tosudite. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM)
images show major 14 Å (chlorite), with the frequent presence of 24 Å (contracted tosudite)
individual layers and small packets up to five layers thick. Lateral change from 14 Å to
24 Å individual layers has been visualised. High-resolution chemical maps obtained in
high-angle annular dark-field (HAADF) mode confirm the existence of areas preferentially
dominated by chlorite or tosudite. The overall chemical compositions obtained by SEM,
EMP, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) align from the chlorite to the tosudite
end-members, whose pure compositions could be determined from extreme analytical
electron microscopy (AEM) analyses. The described intergrowths and interlayers, under the
optical resolution, could provide a clue to explain changes in the normal optic properties of
chlorite, which are mentioned, but not explained, in the literature
El español como lengua académica y científica internacional: hacia una estrategia en la UGR
No full textEl Consejo de Gobierno de la Universidad de Granada (UGR) ha aprobado, en la sesión celebrada el 30 de enero de 2025, un documento estratégico clave que busca impulsar el español como lengua académica y científica a nivel internacional. Este plan, elaborado por la Dirección de Servicios y Recursos Lingüísticos del Vicerrectorado de Internacionalización, establece una serie de objetivos y acciones para el periodo 2025-2031.
El documento surge de la necesidad de contrarrestar la limitada presencia del español en la producción y transferencia de conocimiento especializado, a pesar de su gran número de hablantes en el mundo y la creciente demanda de certificaciones. El inglés predomina en la comunicación científica, lo que ha generado una escasez de publicaciones y corpus textual científico, así como la falta de neologismos para comunicar la ciencia en lengua española. Todo ello redunda en un desarrollo más limitado de las tecnologías de la lengua en español y de los modelos de IA, así como en la pluralidad científica y en el acceso universal al conocimiento.The Governing Council of the University of Granada (UGR) approved a key strategic document at its meeting on 30 January 2025 that aims to promote Spanish as an academic and scientific language at an international level. This plan, drawn up by the Directorate for Language Services and Resources under the Vice-Rectorate for Internationalisation, sets out a series of objectives and actions for the period 2025-2031.
The document stems from the need to counteract the limited presence of Spanish in the production and transfer of specialised knowledge, despite its large number of speakers worldwide and the growing demand for certifications. English predominates in scientific communication, which has led to a shortage of publications and scientific textual corpus, as well as a lack of neologisms to communicate science in Spanish. All of this results in more limited development of language technologies in Spanish and AI models, as well as scientific plurality and universal access to knowledge