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Aprendizaje basado en proyectos: Creación de un conjunto masivo de datos mediante la programación de un dispositivo sensorial de rango
No full textEl aprendizaje basado en proyectos es una estrategia metodológica de diseño y programación docente que propone al estudiante un conjunto de tareas basadas en la resolución de un reto concreto. Por parte de los estudiantes, requiere de un proceso de investigación con un grado importante de autonomía e implicación que culmina en un producto final que puede presentar al resto de la clase. Las asignaturas implicadas en este proyecto de innovación docente forman a los estudiantes en los conceptos fundamentales de la programación de ordenadores usando, en ocasiones, diferentes lenguajes pero con el objetivo común de aprender buenas prácticas de programación. Esto, resulta fundamental para adquirir una buena formación en los Grados que están cursando. Con esta finalidad, es interesante proponer a los estudiantes proyectos concretos que los conecten a tecnologías novedosas y atractivas como son actualmente, la ciencia de datos, la robótica o la inteligencia artificial. Para ello, en este proyecto proponemos la creación de un conjunto masivo de datos mediante la programación de un dispositivo sensorial de rango que se usaría para escanear entornos de interiores de tipo oficina. Estos dispositivos utilizan tecnología de detección láser para obtener una serie de puntos del entorno escaneado y resultan imprescindibles en el ámbito de la robótica móvil, vehículos autónomos y entornos inteligentes. La información detectada por el dispositivo se almacenaría convenientemente en una base de datos capaz de manejar datos masivos y se pondría a disposición de las diferentes asignaturas implicadas. Finalmente, a partir de dicho conjunto de datos, los profesores participantes en esta propuesta podrían proponer a sus estudiantes proyectos relacionados con ciencia de datos, aprendizaje automático, inteligencia artificial y robótica, potenciando así el aprendizaje basado en proyectos. Ello permite la adopción de un enfoque metodológico activo lo que redunda, sin duda, en la mejora de la docencia.Plan de Formación e Innovación Docente de la Universidad de Granada 2024-2029 (Plan AcademiaUGR
Hydrodynamic forces on high Bond bubbles rising near a vertical wall at moderate Reynolds numbers: An experimental approach
No full textThis work was supported by the coordinated project PID2020-115961RB-C31, PID2020-115961RB-C32, financed by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by PID2023-151343NB-C32, financed by MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by FEDER, UE. R. Bolaños-Jiménez would like to acknowledge the University of Jaén project M.2 PDC 1484 financed by Programa Operativo FEDER Andalucía 2021-2027. C. Estepa-Cantero would like to thank the Spanish Ministry of Universities for the financial support the Fellowship FPU20/02197 provided.The optimisation of industrial processes involving bubbly flows requires a deeper understanding of the forces acting on the bubbles, being particularly challenging when they rise in the presence of solid surfaces. The evolution of the drag and lift forces on a bubble rising in a stagnant liquid near a vertical wall is experimentally characterised here by high-speed imaging. The hydrodynamic forces are determined non-intrusively by applying the Kirchhoffequations to the bubble motion, using the experimental evolution of the bubble velocity and geometry. Three different rising regimes are investigated, namely, rectilinear, zigzag, and spiral, where the initial dimensionless initial horizontal wall-bubble distance, L, is varied from 1 ≤ L ≤ 4. The three cases, which fall near the transition between regimes, are defined by the Bond and Galilei numbers, (Bo,Ga) ≈ (5,60), (4,99), and (10,108), respectively, being the resulting Reynolds numbers, 60≤ Re ≤ 110. In all regimes, both the drag and lift forces increase as L decreases, even after the bubble has moved far enough away from the wall. In the rectilinear case, they remain nearly constant as the bubble rises, whereas in the unstable cases, they oscillate at twice the frequency of the bubble trajectory. The drag coefficient reaches its maximum value when the velocity is vertically aligned, while the lift coefficient peaks when the bubble is at its largest lateral distance. These results are of particular interest because, to our knowledge, there are currently no correlations in the literature that can accurately estimate the hydrodynamic forces within this range of parameters and under the influence of a nearby wall. Furthermore, the experimental measurements presented here could be used as a benchmark for more detailed numerical investigations.MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 PID2020-115961RB-C31, PID2020-115961RB-C32MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 PID2023-151343NB-C32FEDER, UEUniversity of Jaén M.2 PDC 1484FEDER Andalucía 2021-2027Spanish Ministry of Universities FPU20/0219
Effects of Occlusal Splints on Temporomandibular Disorders and Well-Being Among Fibromyalgia and Bruxism Patients: A Quasi-Experimental Study
No full textBackground: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of occlusal
splints on temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) and well-being in patients with fibromyalgia
and bruxism. This experimental study assessed the impact of Michigan-type occlusal
splints on TMDs and well-being in fibromyalgia and bruxism patients and healthy individuals.
Methods: This quasi-experimental study assesses the impact of an intervention
on TMD symptoms and overall well-being in patients with fibromyalgia and bruxism.
A total of 266 participants were divided into three groups: bruxism with fibromyalgia
(ABFG, n = 37), sleep bruxism with fibromyalgia (SBFG, n = 53), awake bruxism without
fibromyalgia (ABG, n = 45), sleep bruxism without fibromyalgia (SBG, n = 85), and a
healthy control group (HG, n = 46). All participants received a rigid acrylic occlusal splint
and counseling on behavioral changes. Pre- and post-treatment questionnaires measured
various variables, including jaw function (JFLS-8), anxiety (GAD-7), oral health impact
(OHIP-14), well-being (WHO-5), sleep quality (PSQI), and symptoms such as bruxism, TMJ
pain, headaches, and jaw locking. Results: The study demonstrated that occlusal splints
significantly improved various outcomes in patients with bruxism and fibromyalgia. For
the ABFB, significant reductions were observed in JFLS-8, GAD-7, OHIP-14, and PSQI and
increases in WHO-5 scores (p < 0.001). Similar improvements were noted in the SBFB. The
ABG group showed significant changes in JFLS-8, OHIP-14, and WHO-5, but not in GAD-7
or PSQI. Furthermore, SBG exhibited significant improvements across all measures except
WHO-5. Patients in the HG showed only slight changes in PSQI. Additionally, significant
reductions in the prevalence of TMJ pain, headaches attributed to TMJ, and jaw locking
were noted across the bruxism groups. Conclusion: This study finds that occlusal splints
significantly enhance symptoms of TMD and enhance overall well-being, especially in
patients with fibromyalgia. Significant improvements were observed in JFLS-8, GAD-7,
OHIP-14, PSQI, and WHO-5 scores, alongside a marked reduction in the prevalence of
TMJ pain, TMJ-related headaches, and jaw locking. This highlights occlusal splints as
an effective therapeutic option for managing both physical and psychological symptoms
in fibromyalgia patients. However, the benefits for healthy individuals were minimal,
suggesting a need for further research on long-term effects and treatment optimization
A Survey on Multi-User Conversational Interfaces
No full textThe research leading to these results has received funding from the Spanish R&D&i project
TrustBoost (PID2023-150584OB-C21 and PID2023-150584OB-C22) financed by ICIU/AEI/10.13039/-501100011033 and from FEDER, EU. It has also received funding the HORIZON EUROPE MSCA-Staff
Exchanges Action entitled “CRYSTAL, Conversational Systems for Emotional Support and Customer
Assistance” (Grant no. 101182965). Additionally, it has also received funding from the project
FORSocialRobots, financed by the Bavarian Research Foundation (AZ1594-23).This paper investigates the evolving landscape of Multi-User Conversational Interfaces, addressing the limitations of traditional systems that primarily focus on single-user interactions. As real-world applications grow more complex, there is a pressing need for conversational systems capable of facilitating dialogues among multiple participants. Our systematic survey reviews recent advancements in the field, highlighting innovative architectures, application domains, user and dialogue modelling, and evaluation metrics tailored for multi-user contexts. We conduct a comprehensive analysis of relevant literature, employing both quantitative and qualitative methodologies to identify common patterns and challenges in multi-user interactions. The findings underscore the importance of developing robust interfaces that can effectively manage overlapping dialogues, ensure collaborative group work, and enhance overall conversational quality. This work contributes to the understanding of Multi-User Conversational Interfaces and may help as a basis for future research aiming to develop more natural, user-friendly, and effective conversational interfaces.Spanish R&D&i project TrustBoost (PID2023-150584OB-C21 and PID2023-150584OB-C22)FEDER, EUHorizon Europe MSCA 101182965Bavarian Research Foundation (AZ1594-23
Dynamic knowledge management capabilities and dynamic innovation capability of knowledge-intensive business services (Kibs): The moderating role of functional and competitors’ integration
No full textEsta publicación es parte del proyecto de I+D+i PID2021-124396NB-I00, financiado por
MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/ y por “FEDER Una manera de hacer Europa”.Con este trabajo se pretende analizar la influencia que las capacidades dinámicas de gestión del conocimiento ejercen sobre las capacidades dinámicas de innovación y el efecto moderador que la integración tanto de competidores como de áreas funcionales ejerce en dicha relación. Para ello, se elaboró un cuestionario dirigido a los directivos de las empresas objeto de estudio. El trabajo se focalizó a empresas españolas del sector servicios con actividades para la innovación tecnológica, empresas de servicios intensivas en conocimiento, KIBS tecnológicas. El periodo de recogida de datos se llevó a cabo entre febrero y mayo de 2023. Para la selección de la muestra, se partió de la información del Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE) sobre empresas del sector servicios en España con actividades de innovación tecnológica, focalizándose en empresas con 10 o más empleados. Posteriormente, se recurrió a la base de datos SABI para depurar y afinar la selección de las empresas que cumplían con los criterios específicos del estudio. Se obtuvo un total de 200 cuestionarios válidos. Para la verificación de las hipótesis se utilizó un análisis de regresión jerárquica. Los resultados obtenidos confirmaron las hipótesis propuestas. Las capacidades dinámicas de gestión del conocimiento, consideradas como competencias de aprendizaje interno y externo, favorecen el desarrollo de capacidades dinámicas de innovación de las KIBS, medidas en función del grado de adaptabilidad, creatividad, proactividad y el dominio del conocimiento en torno a los servicios. La adecuada integración de las empresas competidoras y de las áreas funcionales modera positivamente dicha relación. La originalidad del trabajo radica en el estudio del desarrollo de capacidades dinámicas de innovación en el sector servicios en un contexto de elevada incertidumbre tecnológica, destacando el importante papel moderador realizado tanto por la integración de las empresas competidoras como por la integración de las áreas funcionales de la empresa.In this paper we aim to analyse the influence that dynamic knowledge management capabilities
have on dynamic innovation capabilities and the moderating effect that the integration of
both competitors and functional areas has on this relationship. To do so, a questionnaire was
developed for the executives of the companies under study. We focused on Spanish companies
in the service sector with activities for technological innovation, technological KIBS. The
work was focused on Spanish companies in the services sector with activities for technological
innovation, knowledge-intensive service companies, KIBS technology. The data collection
period was carried out between February and May 2023. For the selection of the sample, we
used information from the National Institute of Statistics (INE) on enterprises in the service
sector in Spain with technological innovation activities, focusing on companies with 10 or more
employees. The SABI database was subsequently used to refine and fine-tune the selection
of firms meeting the specific criteria of the study. A total of 200 valid questionnaires were
obtained. To verify our hypotheses, we used a hierarchical regression analysis. The results
obtained confirm the proposed hypotheses. Dynamic knowledge management capabilities,
considered as internal and external learning competencies, favour the development of dynamic
innovation capabilities of KIBS, measured according to the degree of adaptability, creativity,
proactivity and mastery of knowledge around services. The adequate integration of competing
companies and functional areas positively moderates this relationship. The originality of the
work lies in the study of the development of dynamic innovation capabilities in the services
sector in a context of high technological uncertainty, highlighting the important moderating role
played by both the integration of competing companies and the integration of the functional
areas of the company.Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/
A population dynamics approach to understand the invasiveness of the seaweed Rugulopteryx okamurae (Ochrophyta, Dictyotales)
No full textThe success of invasive species can be measured by invasiveness, which depicts intrinsic characteristics that enable them to thrive in new environments. In invasive seaweeds, for example, the persistence of multiple overlapping cohorts throughout the year plays a key role in increasing plant cover and exerting unrelenting pressure on invaded areas. The marine brown macroalgae Rugulopteryx okamurae has recently established abundant populations in the Mediterranean Sea and Atlantic Ocean, negatively affecting both biodiversity and socioeconomic factors by unprecedently aggressive invasive behaviour. The objective of the study is to understand the invasiveness of R. okamurae through its popu lation dynamics. For this, a year-round study was conducted in a protected habitat of Posidonia oceanica in southern Spain, revealing that R. okamurae uses alternating mechanisms for population maintenance. It achieves high density of young individuals in late summer and autumn, peaking at 3285 individuals per square metre. In spring and early summer, the population shifts towards fewer – but larger – individuals, with densities dropping to 888 individuals per square metre and biomass reaching a peak of 170 g dry weight (DW) per square metre. Six overlapping cohorts were identified by Gaussian curves. They persisted throughout the year, but they were not related to environmental factors, which indicates adaptive physiological mechanisms that sustain dense monospecific populations. Additionally, the association between cohorts and different morphotypes suggests that R. okamurae phenotypic plasticity enables its persistence in introduced areas. These findings provide valuable insights into the biological traits underpinning its invasiveness in P. oceanica meadows, revealing temporal windows of invasiveness driven by different mechanisms. This knowledge is crucial for developing effective conservation and management strategies aimed at mitigating the impact of this invasive species.Proyecto RUGULOPTERYX (Fundación Biodiversidad, 2020)FEDERJA-006 (FEDER-Junta de Andalucía)TED2021-130080B-I00 (Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación)RNM 262 Biogeography, Diversity and Conservation Research Team, University of Málag
Consolidación de una estrategia docente basada en la elaboración de estaciones ECOE por parte del alumnado: de la experiencia piloto al impacto académico
No full textEste trabajo forma parte del Proyecto de Innovación Docente financiado por el Vicerrectorado de Calidad, Innovación Docente y Estudios de Grado de la Universidad de Granada (PID nº 24-61).Elaboración de pruebas ECOE por parte de los alumnos.Introducción:
La Evaluación Clínica Objetiva Estructurada (ECOE) se ha convertido en una herramienta clave para valorar competencias clínicas en los grados biosanitarios. Su reciente implementación en la Facultad de Farmacia como prueba obligatoria exige estrategias pedagógicas que faciliten su comprensión y afrontamiento por parte del alumnado.
Objetivo:
Evaluar el impacto de una intervención docente basada en la elaboración de estaciones ECOE por el propio alumnado como estrategia para mejorar su preparación y desempeño en este tipo de evaluación.
Material y Métodos:
En 2023 se desarrolló una experiencia piloto en la que los estudiantes diseñaron y representaron estaciones ECOE en una de nuestras asignaturas optativas. Tras constatar su utilidad, la actividad se ha consolidado en cursos posteriores mediante un Proyecto de Innovación Docente (PID 24-61), incorporando rúbricas propias, coevaluación y el enfoque del Aprendizaje Basado en Artefactos (ABA). En la convocatoria oficial de marzo de 2025, se examinó por primera vez el alumnado de Prácticas Tuteladas que había participado previamente en dicha estrategia.
Resultados y Discusión:
La experiencia piloto reveló una elevada satisfacción del alumnado, que señaló sentirse más preparado y familiarizado con esta modalidad evaluativa. En la primera convocatoria oficial de 2025, los estudiantes que participaron en estas actividades obtuvieron calificaciones especialmente altas, destacando en las estaciones relacionadas con Farmacología. Estos resultados sugieren una mejora tanto en la competencia clínica como en la seguridad comunicativa.
Conclusión:
La elaboración de estaciones ECOE por el alumnado favorece la implicación activa, la comprensión y el rendimiento académico en dichas pruebas. Esta estrategia demuestra ser eficaz y transferible en el contexto universitario, contribuyendo a una formación más competencial y realista en ciencias de la salud.Universidad de Granada (PID nº 24-61
Manual de soporte vital básico y desfibrilación externa automatizada. Sexta Edición
No full textSe trata de un manual que aborda en base a las recomendaciones ERC 2021 todas las actuaciones a llevar a cabo por parte de la población no sanitaria ante un paciente que sufre una PCR así como las principales técnicas de primeros auxilios.Fundación progreso y salu
The creation of a picture book as a bilingual education proposal in Secondary Education
No full textEste artículo analiza la propuesta de recepción y creación de un libro álbum con un grupo bilingüe de 1º de ESO, siguiendo un enfoque de AICLE y la Pedagogía de la Alfabetización (Bill y Kalantzis, 2009), con el objetivo de comprobar la implicación del alumnado en los procesos de conocimiento (experiencia, conceptualización, análisis y aplicación) y las aportaciones estéticas y cognitivas en el mismo. La propuesta se implementó con medio centenar de estudiantes de tres grupos de un instituto de Zaragoza, aunque el estudio se centró en el grupo bilingüe, compuesto por 17 estudiantes que hicieron una lectura compartida del libro Revolting Rhymes, escrito por Roald Dahl e ilustrado por Quentin Blake, y diseñaron por grupos cuatro álbumes ilustrados a partir de sendos cuentos de la obra. La investigación educativa siguió una metodología de investigación-acción en el aula con cuestionarios de autopercepción cerrados y abiertos que, junto la observación de la docente y los productos realizados, permitieron concluir que la propuesta favoreció la implicación generalizada de los estudiantes y que la construcción activa del conocimiento (el diseño disponible, acto de diseñar y lo rediseñado) resultó mayoritariamente satisfactoria tanto en su dimensión artística como lingüística.This article analyzes a proposal for the reception and creation of a picture book with a bilingual group of 1st-year secondary students (1º de ESO), following a CLIL approach and the Pedagogy of Multiliteracies (Bill and Kalantzis, 2009). The aim was to examine students’ engagement in knowledge processes (experiencing, conceptualizing, analyzing, and applying) as well as their aesthetic and cognitive contributions. The proposal was implemented with around fifty students from three groups at a secondary school in Zaragoza, although the study focused on the bilingual group, composed of 17 students who engaged in a shared reading of Revolting Rhymes, written by Roald Dahl and illustrated by Quentin Blake. Working in groups, the students designed four illustrated picturebooks based on different tales from the original work. The educational research followed a classroom-based action research methodology, using both closed and open self-perception questionnaires. Along with teacher observation and the students’ final products, these instruments allowed the conclusion that the proposal promoted broad student engagement and that the active construction of knowledge (available design, designing, and redesigned outcomes) was largely satisfactory in both its artistic and linguistic dimensions
Urban Forest Microclimates and Their Response to Heat Waves—A Case Study for London
No full textExtreme weather events and rising temperatures pose significant risks, not only in urban areas but also in metropolitan forests, that affect the well-being of the people who visit them. City forests are considered one of the best bets for mitigating high temperatures within civic areas. Such areas modulate microclimates in contemporary cities, offering environmental, social, and economic advantages. Therefore, comprehending the intricate relationships between municipal forests and the climatic changes of various destinations is crucial for attaining healthier and more sustainable city environments for people. In this research, the thermal comfort index (Modified Temperature–Humidity Index (MTHI)) has been analysed using Landsat images of six urban forests in London during July 2022, when the area first experienced record-breaking temperatures of over 40 °C. Our results show a significant growth in the MTHI that goes from 2.5 (slightly hot) under normal conditions to 3.4 (hot) during the heat wave period. This situation intensifies the environmental discomfort for visitors and highlights the necessity to enhance their adaptability to future temperature increases. In turn, it was found that the places most affected by heat waves are those that have grass cover or that have small associated buildings. Conversely, forested regions or those with lakes and/or ponds exhibit lower temperatures, which results in enhanced resilience. These findings are noteworthy in their concentration on one of the UK’s most severe heat waves and illustrate the efficacy of integrating spectral measurements with statistical analyses to formulate customized regional initiatives. Therefore, the results reported will allow the implementation of new planning and adaptation policies such as incorporating thermal comfort into planning processes, improving green and blue amenities, increasing tree densities that are resilient to rising temperatures, and increasing environmental comfort conditions in metropolitan forests. Finally, the applicability of this approach in similar urban contexts is highlighted