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Jesus and His Family : Jesus and His Mother in the Wedding Feast at Cana
Get PDFBulletindepartmental bulletin pape
Stability of bile acid resistance in murine-derived Lactobacillus reuteri
Get PDFBulletinLactobacillus spp. are widely used to produce fermented dairy products because of their probiotic properties. Probiotic bacteria have to possess the tolerances to gastric acid and bile acid are beneficial properties in probiotics to reach human large intestines with a viable form. These tolerances must be stable in the probiotic dairy products. Here, we studied the stress tolerances in lactobacilli isolated from mouse intestinal tracts. Lactobacillus reuteri HS110, Lactobacillus intestinalis HS210 and Lactobacillus murinus HY310 were isolated from feces of BALB/c mice. Lb. reteuri HS110 showed stronger bile acid tolerance than Lb. intestinalis and Lb. murinus and grew well in the presence of 0.5% bile acid. The bile tolerance in Lb. reuteri HS110 was present after five times of sub-culturing in bile-free culture medium but disappeared after ten times of the sub-culturing. One the other hand, a supplement of 0.1% bile acid to the culture medium helped to keep a bile tolerance in the strain even after the sub-culturing over ten times. This would implicate that a weak bile acid stimulation improves to maintain bile tolerance in probiotic lactobacilli. Further study is needed to elucidate a possible mechanism of the storage of bile tolerance in the strain.departmental bulletin pape
漂着海藻を用いたサイレージの化学成分および発酵品質の経時的変化
Get PDFjournal articleThis study considered the change in chemical composition and fermentation quality of drift seaweed during ensiling. The drift seaweeds were pre-dried for 2 h and subsequently packed into plastic bag for 0, 15, 30 or 60 days. The moisture, ether extract, neutral detergent fiber, and non-fibrous carbohydrate content of seaweed silage for each storage period did not differ significantly. We found positive correlations between organic acid concentrations (acetic, propionic, lactic acids, and total organic acid) and storage duration (P <0.001). The V-score of each ensiling period was 100 points. These results show that drift seaweed silage can keep 60 days good fermentation condition, and there is a possibility that it may be used as a feed resource.本研究では沿岸に漂着する海藻の飼料化を目的として、漂着海藻を用いて調製したサイレージの化学成分および発酵品質の経時的変化について検討した。供試試料は沿岸に漂着する新鮮な海藻とし、採取後約2時間予備乾燥させ、真空密閉して0、15、30および60日間室温（約20℃）で貯蔵した。調査項目は、化学成分（水分、粗灰分、粗蛋白質、粗脂肪、中性デタージェント繊維および非繊維性炭水化物含量）および発酵品質（pH 値、有機酸含量（酢酸、プロピオン酸、n-酪酸、イソ吉草酸、乳酸）アンモニア態窒素/全窒素およびV-スコア）とした。水分、粗脂肪、中性デタージェント繊維および非繊維性炭水化物含量は貯蔵期間の違いによる有意差はみられなかった。有機酸含量（酢酸、プロピオン酸、乳酸、全有機酸）と貯蔵期間に有意な正の相関関係が認められた。サイレージのV-スコアは15、30 および60 日間のいずれ貯蔵期間においても100 点となった。以上のことから、漂着海藻サイレージは、60日間良好な発酵状態が保持され、飼料として活用できる可能性があることが示唆された。journal articl
12-HETE promotes late-phase responses in a murine model of allergic rhinitis
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Comparison in Repetitions to Failure Between Concentric-Only and Eccentric-Only Dumbbell Arm Curl Exercise at Four Different Relative Intensities
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Safety and clinical efficacy of an anti-PD-L1 antibody (c4G12) in dogs with advanced malignant tumours
Get PDFjournal articleImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have been developed for canine tumour treatment, and pilot clinical studies have demonstrated their antitumour efficacy in dogs with oral malignant melanoma (OMM). Although ICIs have been approved for various human malignancies, their clinical benefits in other tumour types remain to be elucidated in dogs. Here, we conducted a clinical study of c4G12, a canine chimeric anti-PD-L1 antibody, to assess its safety and efficacy in dogs with various advanced malignant tumours (n = 12) at the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of Hokkaido University from 2018 to 2023. Dogs with digit or foot pad malignant melanoma (n = 4), osteosarcoma (n = 2), hemangiosarcoma (n = 1), transitional cell carcinoma (n = 1), nasal adenocarcinoma (n = 1), B-cell lymphoma (n = 1), or undifferentiated sarcoma (n = 2) were treated with 2 or 5 mg/kg c4G12 every 2 weeks. Treatment-related adverse events of any grade were observed in eight dogs (66.7%), including elevated aspartate aminotransferase (grade 3) in one dog (8.3%) and thrombocytopenia (grade 4) in another dog (8.3%). Among dogs with target disease at baseline (n = 8), as defined by the response evaluation criteria for solid tumours in dogs (cRECIST), one dog with nasal adenocarcinoma and another with osteosarcoma experienced a partial response (PR), with an objective response rate of 25.0% (2 PR out of 8 dogs; 95% confidence interval: 3.2–65.1%). These results suggest that c4G12 is safe and tolerable and shows antitumor effects in dogs with malignant tumours other than OMM. Further clinical studies are warranted to identify the tumour types that are most likely to benefit from c4G12 treatment.journal articl
Structure and milk hygiene of dairy cooperative value chains in an intensive production area of Uganda - A bottleneck of intervention
Get PDFjournal articleIn Uganda, informal raw milk sales dominate for domestic dairy consumption. This study was implemented to identify the structure of the dairy value chain starting from farms that participated in the Japan International Cooperation Agency Safe Milk Promotion in Mbarara project conducted between 2016 and 2019, to assess the hygiene conditions along the chain, and thereby identify the bottleneck of dairy hygiene intervention. A longitudinal study was conducted in 30 dairy farms in Mbarara District to compare the practice, prevalence of sub-clinical mastitis, and level of milk hygiene in 2016–2017 and 2019, before and after the milking hygiene intervention in 2018. California Mastitis Test was used for diagnosis with sub-clinical mastitis. Bulk milk samples were collected and a checklist was used to examine hygiene practices by observation. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 15 milk collecting centers using a structured questionnaire to quantify the dairy value chain, and to sample milk from cooler tanks in 2020. Microbiological examinations of bulk milk from farms and collection centers were conducted using six-point blood agar scoring and 3M Petri film, respectively. Participatory online appraisals with farmers and dairy cooperatives union were conducted to better understand the overall dairy value chains. The cooperatives sold milk to both formal and informal chains, but the sale of raw milk to Kampala was conducted by independent private traders. Within-herd prevalence of sub-clinical mastitis significantly decreased from 72.3% before the intervention to 25.8% after (p < 0.001). However, the farm bulk milk score did not change (3.3 vs. 3.2, p = 0.418). A significant increase in the total bacterial count was observed in the milk from collection centers (mean: 6.50 log10 CFU/ml) when compared to farm bulk milk (mean: 3.79 log10 CFU/ml; p < 0.001). Only 13.3% of the samples from the centers met the microbiological criteria for processing for human consumption. Our findings suggest that intervention targeted only at mastitis does not lead to better public health due to the low level of hygiene in transportation and milk handling in milk collection centers. Systematic interventions are needed to improve post-harvest dairy hygiene in Uganda.journal articl
Status of range expansion of Asian black bears into Abukuma mountains, Japan
Get PDFjournal article阿武隈山地には近年になってツキノワグマ（Ursus thibetanus）の進入が認められ，環境省特定計画ガイドラインおよび福島県の特定管理計画で監視区域に指定されている．しかし，同地域でのツキノワグマの生息実態は明らかにされていない．そこで阿武隈山地北部の800 km2の調査対象域にセンサーカメラおよび遺伝子試料採取用のヘアトラップを設置して，ツキノワグマの生息密度，遺伝的特徴を把握するための調査を実施した．約31か月間の調査期間中，ツキノワグマのトラップ設置地点への訪問は計4回に留まった．そのため，個体密度は低レベルであると考えられた．補完的に収集した遺伝子試料を併せたミトコンドリアDNAのハプロタイプの確認では，福島県，山形県，新潟県などの奥羽山地に特徴的なハプロタイプが確認でき，ツキノワグマが阿武隈山地の西側から進入している可能性が示された．本調査で確認された個体はすべてオスであったが，メスもすでに進出している可能性もある．引き続きの行政と研究者が協働してのモニタリングと，その結果に基づく適切なツキノワグマ管理計画の策定が福島県など行政の課題である．In recent years, the range of Asian black bears (Ursus thibetanus) has expanded into the Abukuma Mountains. Consequently, the area has been specified as a surveillance zone by the Ministry of Environment and Fukushima Prefecture. However, its actual status is not well documented. Therefore, we set sensor camera traps for individual identification of bears and hair-snagging traps for genetic analysis in northern Abukuma Mountains (800 km2) to understand the population density and genetic characteristics of the bears and to assess the effects of the evacuation zone by the Fukushima 1st nuclear power plant explosion. The study period was 31 months, but the bear visited the trap sites only four times. Hence, we could not determine the density and effect of the existence of the evacuation zone; however, the population density of the bears might still be low. Genetic analysis with supplemental samples that were obtained from surrounding areas suggested the presence of haplotypes that are distinctive in Ouu Mountains. This indicates that the bears found in the Abukuma Mountains came from the west. The identified individuals were all male; however, females might be already occurred. Hence, further monitoring for adequate management are essential.journal articl