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Prevalence and Correlates of Dietary Supplements Use by Adult Outpatients Seeking Healthcare Services in a County Referral Hospital, Kenya
No full textFULL TEXTThere is minimal knowledge on the prevalence and correlates of use of most dietary
supplements (DS) by the adult outpatients in Kenya, Kericho county despite the global rise
of their use by patients. Dietary supplementation in illness is highly arguable since toxic
effects of excessive intake and drugs interactions have been identified for some of the
supplements when their use is not prescribed and monitored by a healthcare worker.
Randomly selected 237 participants responded to a structured questionnaire in this crosssectional
study.
The prevalence of dietary supplements use was 42% with 58% being non-prescribed. The
correlates of dietary supplements were were gender (male), presence of non-communicable
disease and engagement in at least moderate physical activity (p1)
at 95% CI.The prevalence of DS use among the outpatients was high compared that of most
developed countries. Patient-centered interventions should be enhanced to ensure safety and
relevance of use of dietary supplements.1. National Research Fund
2. Sentimental Energy Lt
Factors Contributing to Underutilization of IUCD Among Women of Reproductive Age Attending Eldama Ravine Sub county Hospital
No full textFULL TEXT1. National Research Fund
2. Sentimental Energy Lt
The Centrality of the Teacher Education Process in Promoting Sustainability and Sustainable Development
No full textFULL TEXTSustainable development and societal transformation has gained significant importance in
global agenda. Social learning processes will be needed to contribute to real change which
is why the 2030 Agenda (UN, 2015) and the Global Action Programme pick up on the
importance of education and establish it as one of their priorities. Strengthening the
competencies of multipliers is one goal on the way to ensuring inclusive, quality education
for all and to empowering everyone to support sustainable development. This goes hand in
hand with the question of what knowledge and abilities teachers should acquire in order to
be active change agents and what is needed to make the development of appropriate
competencies possible. However, the transformations in higher learning in Kenya have not
been examined to establish the extent to which sustainability has been integrated. The aim
of the current study is to explore, the centrality of the teacher education process in
promoting sustainability and sustainable development in Kenya. The theoretical framework
of the present research is based on the socio-psychological model of sustainable behaviour.
Ex post facto cross-sectional design was used and purposive sampling methods will be used
to select four institutions of higher learning in Kenya. A structured self-response
questionnaire and interview schedule. Quantitative data was analyzed by the use of
descriptive and inferential statistics with the aid of the Statistical Package for Social
Sciences (SPSS) version 24.0. The study findings presents significant implications for
teacher preparation strategies for sustainable development in education. The study findings
also sheds light on the state of preparedness as well as advances made in Kenyan higher
education in compliance with global trends in best practices for teacher education in the
face of sustainable development.1. National Research Fund
2. Sentimental Energy Lt
EFFECTS OF MOBILE APPLICATION SECURITY STRATEGIES ON PRIVACY INVASION AMONG MOBILE SHOP OPERATORS IN NAKURU EAST SUB-COUNTY, KENYA
No full textFULL TEXTPrivacy invasion is an offence perpetrated by availability, access, and use of advanced mobile devices when they land in the wrong hands of people who have the intention of infringing into the space of either individuals or organizations. There have been many incidences of infringement on people‟s privacy by exposing their personal lives to third parties and the general public, a factor which is associated with detrimental effects. The study sought to integrate mobile application security strategies as a measure towards curbing privacy invasion. The general objective was to evaluate the effects of mobile application security strategies on privacy invasion among mobile shop operators in Nakuru East Sub-County, Kenya. The specific objectives were; to examine data encryption, advanced software testing techniques, risk analysis, and privacy settings on privacy invasion among mobile shop operators in Nakuru East Sub-County, Kenya. The study was guided by the technology acceptance model, restricted access or limited control theory of privacy, control theory of privacy, and seclusion theory of privacy. The study adopted a cross-sectional research design, and was carried out in Nakuru East Sub-County, Kenya. The units of observation were mobile shops within Nakuru town, while the units of analysis were operators of mobile shops. According to Nakuru East Sub-County Business Register (2019), there are 221 mobile shops within Nakuru town. The researcher used Purposive sampling method to select respondents (Operators) from each of the 221 mobile shops. Nassiuma‟s (2000) formula was used to determine the sample size of 70 operators of mobile shops. The study used structured questionnaires to facilitate data collection. The pilot study was conducted in Eldoret town‟s Central Business District where questionnaires were issued out to 7 selected operators of mobile shops. The collected data was analyzed with the aid of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences. Descriptive statistics encompassing frequencies, percentages, means and standard deviations were used in the analysis. In addition, inferential statistics such as correlation and multiple regression analysis were used. The results of the study revealed that there was a negative and statistically significant correlation between data encryption and privacy invasion of the mobile users in Nakuru town. The results of the study further revealed that there was a negative and statistically significant correlation between advanced software testing techniques and privacy invasion. The results of the correlation analysis further indicated that better risk analysis reduces cases of privacy invasion of mobile users in Nakuru town. The results of the study revealed that a strong negative correlation existed between Privacy setting and privacy invasion. From the findings the study recommended that mobile shop operators within Nakuru East Sub-County should adopt data encryption security strategy because it allows protection of data that they do not want anyone else to have access to. The study further recommended that mobile shop operators should adopt advanced software testing techniques because they provide stakeholders with information about the quality of the software product or service under tes
EFFECTS OF ETHICAL ACCOUNTING PRACTICES ON FINANCIAL REPORTING: A SURVEY OF LISTED FIRMS IN KENYA
No full textFULL TEXTThe study sought to investigate the effects of ethical accounting practices on financial reporting of listed firms in Kenya. The study therefore examines the effects of accounting objectivity, professional competence, integrity and confidentiality on listed firms in Kenya. Listed firms in Kenya continue to face challenges in financial reporting. These challenges include fabrication of assets, alteration of accounting records, inability to provide documents to support the financial statements, misinformation in financial statements, and failure to apply accounting principles leading to fraud and unreliability of the financial statements this study was based on three theories; the Positive Accounting Theory, Compliance Theory and stakeholder’s Theory. This study adopted descriptive research design as the blue print that guided the study in data collection, analysis and presentation of findings. The study targets all the 67 listed firms in Kenya. The study used census method to select all the listed companies in Kenya. However, 6listed firms were selected for a pilot study and the other 61 firms were studied in the actual study. The 6 firms represent 10% of the sample size. Structured questionnaires were used in data collection. The study sought to ascertain whether the data collection tool measures to what the study intends to measure using content validity index. Reliability of the questionnaires was tested using Cronbach’s Alpha test of internal consistency. The study used descriptive statistics (frequencies, percentages and mean scores) and inferential statistics (Correlations and Multiple linear regressions) in the analysis of data. Multiple linear regressions were also used to predict the financial reporting for the listed firms using the ethical accounting practices. The study undertook a multiple linear regression analysis with a view of explaining the effect of objectivity, professional competence, integrity and confidentiality on the financial reporting of the listed firms. The study found a coefficient of determination of 0.632 indicating that 63.2% of the variability in the financial reporting that is attributable to the cumulative effect of confidentiality, professional competence, objectivity, and integrity. The achieved score of 0.632 indicates that 63.2% of the variability in the financial reporting was a result of the cumulative effect of confidentiality, professional competence, objectivity, and integrity. The achieved beta coefficients for objectivity, professional competence, integrity and confidentiality had beta coefficients of 0.264, 0.263, 0.299, and 0.228 respectively. The positive beta coefficients of all the variables indicated that increase in the respective independent variables were associated with increase in the dependent variable with the remainders of the variables kept constant. The study further found that there were statistically significant effects between each of the accounting practices and financial reporting. The study recommended that listed firms should observe objectivity in order to improve on the financial reporting of the firms. Amongst the aspects that the firms should observe include elimination of the conflict of interest in the drawing of the financial reports
Pressure Dependency of Elasticity in -TiZr Shape Memory Alloys
No full textFull textShape memory alloys are a group of materials with two noteworthy properties; shape memory
effects and superelasticity thus they have attracted a number of industrial applications. Elasticity is
the ability of a material to resume its normal shape after being stretched or compressed when the
elastic limit is not exceeded. Titanium Nickel, copper-based and iron-based shape memory alloys
are mostly applied in constructions sector but they face challenges of pressure dependency. To
provide a solution, we investigated the pressure dependency of elasticity in -TiZr shape memory
alloy. Elastic constants, bulk modulus, Young modulus, shear modulus and Poisson’s ratio of -
TiZr shape memory alloy were calculated at different pressure (0-10GPa) using Quantum
ESPRESSO code with post-processing of the data done using Thermo_pw code. Projector
augmented wave pseudo-potential with Generalized Gradient Approximations (GGA) within
Perdew, Burke, and Ernzerhof (PBE) exchange-correlation functional was applied in this study.
Elastic constants; C11, C12, C13 C33, and C66 of -TiZr shape memory alloy increase with pressure
monotonically except C44 which slightly decrease linearly. Furthermore, Bulk modulus, Young’s
modulus shear modulus and Poison’s ratio were also observed to increase with external pressure.
This indicates that elasticity of -TiZr shape memory alloy is improved when external force is
exerted on crystal. The study of pressure dependency of elasticity in -TiZr shape memory alloy
provides information which may lead to adoption of this alloy in construction of intelligent
reinforced concrete (IRC)
The Effects Of Communication And Corpporate Social ResponsibilityIn Public Relations As A Corporate Strategy In Universities Enrolment For Postgraduate Students
No full textFull textThis study was designed to examine the effects of communication and corporate social
responsibility in public relations as a strategy to postgraduate enrollment in KabarakUniversity.
This research employed a case study research design. The target population comprised of the 151
permanent employees in Kabarak University, Kenya. The researcher utilized 30% of the total
population. This gives a sample of 45 respondents. The study adopted closed ended
questionnaire. Data obtained from the study was coded and entered into the computer. They were
subjected to the excel computer program for analysis. Descriptive statistics such as percentages
and frequencies were used to summarize the data. The data was presented in tables, and bar
graphs. The study found that public relations influence student enrollment to the University with
effective strategies being through corporate social responsibility and intensive marketing of
products. Communication was also found to significantly influencing enrolment. It was
recommended that universities top management should incorporate a greater market
orientation into their strategic planning and frequently revise marketing communication tools to
determine their effectiveness in order to have a competitive advantage and gain a big
market share. The study will be significant to the Managers and employees of various
Universities, Government and other stakeholders, it will also add to the existing knowledge with
regard to the effects of public relations in enrollment. Recommendation for further studies was
also advised especially on contribution of school infrastructure and students perceptions on
enrollment
Examining the Influence of Individual Guidance and Counseling Services on the Self-Efficacy of Children Living in Orphanages in Bungoma County
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was to examine the influence of individual guidance and counselling services on the
self-efficacy of orphaned children living in orphanages in Bungoma County. The researcher adopted the ex-post
facto research design. The population of the study was 2132 orphans in the 20 orphanages. 280 of the orphans
in all the 20 orphanages were interviewed. One (1) caregiver and one (1) administrator (again per orphanage)
were interviewed. Out of a total of 20 Children’s Homes in Bungoma County, the researcher purposively
sampled 280 orphans that were interviewed. Questionnaires and interview schedules were used to collect data
from the respondents who included the orphans, orphanages administrators and caregivers. The self-efficacy
scale of 1-4 was converted to between 0-100. The data was prepared, coded and analyzed using the Statistical
Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20. Strict ethical considerations were observed during the study. The
study established that there was a positive and significant relationship between self-efficacy of orphaned
children and individual guidance and counselling services. The study’s recommendations were that the
government should come up with policies to guide all the orphanages in Kenya, including the process of guiding
and counselling. Every orphanage should also engage the services of a qualified guiding and counselling
specialist for the orphans and should be paid well to avoid high turnover. Individual guiding and counselling
services should be encouraged in orphanages as they are effective. They help the orphans open up and share
challenges and enable them to solve serious life’s challenges
Towards a Unique, Secure, and Robust Wireless Local Area Network Device Identifier
No full textFull textWith today’s technological evolution, wireless networks have become very common for
organizations, homes and public places. For any device to be authenticated and authorized
to use any of the wireless network services, it must first be identified then authenticated
and authorized to have access to the wireless network resources. One of the biggest
challenges with implementing wireless networks, though, is implementing the
identification of the wireless devices. This study therefore examined uniqueness, security
and robustness characteristics of MAC in relation to a device serial number in order to
establish a suitable network device identifier. In order to achieve this, test runs through a
proof of concept method by using Advanced IP Scanner and getmac command line tools.
Advanced IP Scanner was used to determine the security, hence robustness of the
identifiers while getmac was used to determine the uniqueness of the identifiers. The run
tests indicated that a MAC address can actually be spoofed and altered rendering the MAC
address not unique, insecure and unreliable. On the contrary, a computer’s serial number is
hard-coded in the hardware only and therefore cannot be spoofed and altered making it
unique, secure and reliable. The researcher recommends that a study be conducted on how
a device serial number can be used as network device identifier
PUBLIC PERCEPTIONS OF ELDERLY PEOPLE AND ELDERLY CARE INSTITUTIONS AND UPTAKE OF INSTITUTIONALISED CARE FOR THE AGED IN NAKURU COUNTY, KENYA
No full textFULL TEXTThis study investigated Public Perceptions of Elderly People and Elderly Care Institutions and Uptake of Institutionalized Care for the Aged in Nakuru County, Kenya. This study was informed by the growing population of older people around the world at a time when traditional social support structures for older people are increasingly disintegrating. The disintegration of social support structures for older people, imply that society has to seek for alternative support structures such as institutional care. Specifically the study examined the influence of public perception of old people on uptake of institutionalized care, perceived public efficacy to address the needs of their aged dependants, public perception of the elderly dependants‟ self-efficacy, and public perception of institutional efficacy in taking care of the aged. A pilot study was carried out at Kericho County to determine validity and reliability of the study. The reliability coefficient of 0.862 and validity of 79.4% were attained hence the tool was both reliable and valid. The study was guided by exploratory research design. The study engaged 400 respondents for the questionnaire who were selected through random sampling and 7 key informants who were selected through purposive sampling. Data for the study was collected through the use of questionnaires and in-depth interviews. The study employed descriptive and inferential statistics for data analysis, which was aided by aided by use of SPSS (Version 21) and STATA 12. The results reveal that 57% of the public were not aware of the existence of the care homes in Nakuru County. Further, the uptake of institutional care for older people was most influenced by perceived importance of older people, the level of tolerance attitude of personnel of institutional homes, availability of social bonding program society for the older persons, health status, psychosocial Status of the elderly people, and the general competence of the care homes in terms of personnel and the physical infrastructure. In terms of areas for further study, this study recommends for an examination into the coping mechanisms of care providers in their adaptation to the challenging role of care provision in institutional homes