KABU Repository (Kabarak University)
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A FUSED MACHINE LEARNING INTRUSION DETECTION MODEL IN MANETS.
No full textFULL TEXTMobile Ad-Hoc Networks – MANETs are prevalent in healthcare monitoring of high blood pressure, high cholesterol levels and various heart conditions and cardiac misnomers like syncope, third murmurs and atrial fibrillation. These irregularities that cause mysterious fainting, unexplained stroke, heart palpitations and atrial fibrillation need to be monitored remotely, accurately and effortlessly. However, the growth and provision of MANETs in smart healthcare monitoring has faced various security obstacles, primarily security. The characteristic mobility of these health monitoring devices as well as their inherently dynamic network topology, causes the connectivity structure to change frequently and unpredictably. Further, these smart devices have limited resources in storage, processor capability and memory, thus these weaknesses and inherent nature makes them subject to attacks like Denial of Service (DoS) attacks. These attacks on MANETs can reduce or mask the monitoring of health deterioration which can in turn lead to death, immobility or temporary functional disability. There is need to provide resilient security methodologies that do not require enormous computing resources. While entry prevention is the most viable disposition, it is not always possible to stop unauthorized access. Thus, it is critical to investigate use of machine learning based intrusion detection to buttress and provide sufficient security against DOS and other attacks in MANETs. Various anomaly-based intrusion detection systems employ varying techniques to identify anomalies in the context of diverse and valid variables. Most of these techniques however fail to capture and take account the physiognomies of MANETs. In the intervening time, usage of internet of things in the provision of smart healthcare is expanding and the inherent risks snowballing. Attacks aimed at MANETs are increasing to an alarming extent. This study employed a fusion of machine learning techniques through both simulation and a running prototype to achieve a more resilient intrusion detection system. The study was implemented and evaluated on a MANET environment on both Linux NS 2 and further implemented on a network of Smart wearable devices and Raspberry Pi. The results sowed that it is possible to identify and reduce cases of DDOS and blackhole attacks on MANETs by using intrusion detection system improved through machine learning. This study contributed to the body of knowledge in the field intrusion detection systems through ubiquitous learning
INFLUENCE OF WORKFORCE DIVERSITY ON TEAM COHESION OF EMPLOYEES IN KENYAN PRIVATE UNIVERSITIES: EVIDENCE FROM KABARAK UNIVERSITY
No full textFULL TEXTWorkforce diversity provides an environment for employees to learn more from each other thus making an institution stronger in terms of tolerance, ideas, innovation and creativity. The changing demographics in workforce composition in Kenya not only increases the amount of diversity that institutions need to manage and integrate but also affects business operations and productivity that inevitably affects the overall well-being of the country. This study sought to determine the influence of workforce diversity on team cohesion of employees in Kenyan private universities: evidence from Kabarak University, and was anchored on four objectives; to examine the influence of gender diversity on team cohesion among employees at Kabarak University, to assess the influence of ethnic diversity on team cohesion among employees at Kabarak University, to determine the influence of age diversity on team cohesion among employees at Kabarak University and to assess the influence of religion diversity on team cohesion among employees at Kabarak University. The study was guided by the Resource Based Theory of Diversity Management (RBT) and the Team Development Model of team development and cohesion. The study adopted a descriptive research design to give an understanding of workforce diversity and team cohesion. The researcher adopted a case study model. Stratified random sampling was used to draw a sample size of 149 from the target population of 167 teaching staff and 274 non-teaching staff. The Nassiuma (2000) equation was applied to calculate the appropriate sample. Primary data was collected using a structured questionnaire and was analyzed using both descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. Descriptive statistics, mainly, frequencies and percentages were used in this study and the findings were presented using tables and graphs while the inferential statistics was analyzed in the form of correlation and multiple linear regression. The Cronbach's alpha was employed to determine the internal consistency and average correlation of items in the case study to gauge the reliability of the tool that was piloted at St. Paul‟s University, Nakuru Campus. The researcher used Spearman's correlation coefficient, to measure the strength and direction of association between the ranked variables with the help of the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS). The results indicated that there were statistically significant influences with respect to gender, age, tribe and religion respectively and team cohesion. These findings suggest that Private Universities in Kenya as represented by Kabarak University do require on-going training and development of employees along with frequent surveys to determine how employees react to a heterogeneous workforce that would further enhance team cohesion. The study concluded that age diversity, ethnic diversity, religion diversity and gender diversity at Kabarak University were primary contributors to team cohesion. The findings of this study may help private institutions of higher learning to appreciate workforce diversity and learn how to overcome workforce diversity challenges amongst team members within the institution in order to improve team cohesion
Dietary Practices, Healthand Nutrition Status Of Infants Born To Adolescent Mothers In Transmara West, Narok County, Kenya
No full textFULL TEXTInfant and young child feeding practices contribute to the growth and development of
infants as well as preventing the occurrence of common illnesses. Infants of young mothers
are at risk of malnutrition because they are unprepared for child care.The purpose of this
study was to determine dietary practices, health and nutrition status of infants born to
adolescent mothers in Transmara West, Narok County.A descriptive cross-sectional study
design was adopted. The research questions were answered by enrolling adolescent mothers
in the selected health facilities. Most of the adolescent mothers were young between the
ages of 16 to 17 years. The most commonly consumed foods among their infants were
Vitamin A rich foods and dairy products. The study alluded to the existing of malnutrition
among infants of young mothers. There was also an association between breastfeeding,
meal frequency and infant illness. The government and other stakeholders should formulate
policies that govern the health care and feeding practices of infants of adolescent mothers.
Similar research should be replicated to compare the nutrition status of infants of adult
mothers with that of young mothers in the same study area.1. National Research Fund
2. Sentimental Energy Lt
Strategic Factors Influencing Transport and Distribution of Petroleum Products in Kenya: A Case Study of Kenya Pipeline Company
No full textFULL TEXTThe transport and distribution of the petroleum
products by Kenya Pipeline Company is key in the social
economic development of the country. Efficiency in the
transport and distribution of the petroleum products ensures
that the right volumes of the products are delivered, at the right
price, and in a sustainable manner. This study sought to
examine the extent to which strategic factors (infrastructure,
information communication and technology information) affect
transport and distribution of the petroleum products. The
study was anchored on resource-based theory and dynamic
capabilities theory. The study adopted a descriptive research
design. The target population was sourced from safety, security,
maintenance, operations, Information Technology Support,
senior management staff at Head Office, and Corporate Social
Responsibility Staff. The study therefore used a target
population of 234 staff members for the study. The sample size
of the study was 148 respondents. The statistical analysis that
was undertaken included the frequency distributions, chi
square, correlation analysis and multiple linear regression
analysis. From the finding the study concluded that there is a
positive influence of infrastructure on the transport and
distribution of petroleum products. In addition the study
concluded there was a positive influence of ICT on transport
and distribution of petroleum products at KPC. The study
recommended that all the strategic factors that is
infrastructure, ICT, security, and pipeline capacity should be
emphasized at Kenya Pipeline Company in order to improve on
the performance of transport and distribution of the petroleum
products
The Influence of Public Perception of Primary Care Givers on the Uptake of Institutionalized Care in Nakuru County, Kenya
No full textFULL TEXTGlobally, few of the older people have access to institutional care homes for older people
and African lags behinds. Nearly half of the population of the elderly people in the
developed world have access to these services but actual percentage of African older people
who have access to the services is not clearly documented. It is however believed to be
below 5%. This study sought to determine whether primary care givers have an influence
on the decision to enroll the elderly people in formal care homes. The study engaged 400
respondents from Nakuru County, who were selected through purposive and stratified
random sampling. Data for the study was collected through the use of questionnaires and
in-depth interviews. The results reveal that actually, the decision to enroll the elderly
persons to care homes lies outside the purview of the primary care givers. It could be a
societal issue beyond the sole decision of a primary care giver. The paper therefore
recommends that deeper societal understanding be made on the perception on this subject
rather than narrowing the scope to primary care givers’ attributes.1. National Research Fund
2. Sentimental Energy Lt
A Design of Information Security Maturity Model for Universities Based on ISO 27001
No full textInformation infrastructure is one of the most critical assets in organizations. With continued and rapid advancement in
technology especially brought by the need for employees to use their personal devices, it presents a major opportunity
and challenge for enterprises, it poses a challenge as adversaries have taken advantage of widening cyber space to
attack information and information systems. Our study provides a solution by designing a prototype of a web-based
implementation prototype of an information security maturity model for universities. The research was based on ISO
27001 by involving specific clauses relevant to universities because of its unique organizational ecocentric nature having
varied categories of user’s and extensive research allowing it to serve as a plausible area for study compared to other
organizations. The cumulative factors having being considered statistically varied towards contribution towards the
maturity model. The model is then implemented using a web-based prototype. The study adopted design research
approach to come with the model design
The Effectiveness of Music Therapy and Speech Therapy Collaboration in Special Schools in Kenya
No full textFull textChildren with special needs face: delayed language, difficulty making eye contact, disturbed
social interaction, problems with pragmatic language and poor comprehension leading to
poor communication skills which include both receptive and expressive skills. Impairment of
ability and skill in communication can affect negatively the quality and quantity of social
interactions with adults and peers. Likewise, improvement in communication abilities and
skills may have a correlation, or relational effect on social skills and quality of life. This
therefore calls for a lot of intervention/ therapy strategies to beput in place for teaching
communication skills to children with special needs without forgetting the emerging therapy
approaches which include Music therapy. Music as therapy strategy has helped to improve
communication deficits and stimulate nonverbal communication through shared play, turntaking,
listening and responding to another person.It alsohas a unique ability to evoke
memories the moment we hear it. Humans think in terms of pattern, repetition and connection
and what is involvedin the music structure, hence, singing simple phrases with lots of
repetition encourage imitation of words that promotes language development. Vocal warm up
and activities in reference to posture, breath control and articulation support individuals with
weak articulatory muscles and posture for effective communication. Dancing on the other
hand help to stimulate sensory system hence enhances fine motor skills. Speech therapy helps
individuals with communication disorders to develop language whereas Music therapy
specifically promotes development and strengthens language, communication and social
skills through engaging music intervention
EFFICACY OF MONITORING AND EVALUATION FRAMEWORK ON IMPLEMENTATION OF DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF MACHAKOS AND EMBU COUNTIES, KENYA
No full textFULL TEXTMonitoring and Evaluation, (M&E) frameworks allow for project activities to be measured and analyzed. There is a gap in the design of monitoring and evaluation frameworks to generate information during the process of Monitoring and Evaluation and use of this information in future designs. The purpose of this research study was to establish the influence of the monitoring and evaluation framework in the successful implementation of County development projects. The study was guided by the main determinants of Monitoring and Evaluation which are: Monitoring and Evaluation framework dimensions results-based performance indicators, learning capacity, participatory tracking, and beneficiary accountability. The moderating effects were government funding and disbursement of funds. The research adopted a comparative research design with a mixed method centered within a wider exploratory, cross-sectional framework. The study was conducted in Machakos and Embu County. The population of this study was 132 staff mandated to monitor and evaluate projects undertaken under County government devolved functions from Machakos and Embu County. The sample distribution was 56 county government officials from Machakos and 43 from Embu since the two counties are relatively not homogeneous in terms of geographical location in Kenya. A sample of 99 respondents was determined and individual elements in different categories were also determined using a stratified random sampling technique. Questionnaires were distributed to respondents through a “drop and pick later” method and were subjected to a reliability test using Cronbach’s alpha. Data were analyzed quantitatively by means of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). A normality test was conducted using the Shapiro Wilk’s test. Factor analysis was undertaken to determine which of the factors are important in determining project completion. The study findings indicated that the result based performance aspects (β1 =0.529; p-value = 0.007), learning capacity (β2 =0.680; p-value = 0.001), participatory tracking (β3 =0.455; p-value = 0.001) and beneficiary accountability (β4 = 0.432; p-value = 0.002) were found to have a significant effect respectively. The results obtained show the adjusted r square value of r2 = .514 which indicate that when all the variables are combined, the multiple linear regression model could explain for approximately 51% of the variation in the dependent variable by the variation in the independent variables on Implementation of County Projects. From the findings, it can be concluded that learning capacity aspects had the highest association and significance to the successful implementation of county projects followed by result based performance aspects, participatory tracking aspects and lastly beneficiary accountability aspects. The study recommends that those charged with the responsibility of carrying out M&E, should be appropriately empowered with the necessary knowledge in order to have the grasp of how these tools are used in order to utilize them
Exploring the New Ohangla Music in the Context Of Urbanization: The Search for Relevance for Sustainability
No full textFull textOhangla music can be traced to the Luo community of Kenya. Over the years, it has changed
in form and texture with the rise of new generations and new demands on the artists. The
initial intentions, which were basically socio-cultural, have been overwhelmed by emerging
economic trends and needs. In the process, even both instrumental form and manner of
performance have been affected by generation changes and the new economic trends. The
older and renowned Ohangla artists (Jack Nyadundo, Tony Nyadundo, OsogoWinyo and
Onyi Papa Jey) established themselves in the Ohangla industry with numerous musical
compositions and styles which formed the benchmark for this genre of music. Earlier and
much older artists performed mainly in social places for entertainment with little or no
tangible monetary profits to count. However, many new artists driven by the need to meet the
emerging needs of contemporary listenership and monetary motivationshave since risen to
popularity gaining a competitive edge with the older ones, establishing their styles, content
and approaches which though borrow largely from the older tradition, have a unique twist
that makes them stand out in their class. This paper examined some of the dynamics involved
in balancing between indigenous styles and practice and the modern market-driven trends.
The shift in generations has brought into picture interesting questions about content
development, language use, instrumentation, and reliance on media for publicity by the
artists. Relying on the Theory of Recontextualization in music by Hanninen (2003), the study
examined the performances of two selected Ohangla artists in Nairobi (Emma Jalamo and
Lady Maureen) to highlight how their musical performances reflect a transformation from the
indigenous to modern Ohangla music. Observation method was used in this investigation. It
is hoped that this paper will enlighten the scholarship on the dynamism of Ohangla music