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La contribución de la Universidad a las necesidades para la innovación de las instituciones educativas
Full text linkLos objetivos del presente estudio consistieron en identificar las necesidades de las instituciones
educativas para promover la innovación y en examinar cómo podría contribuir la universidad a
responder a las mismas. Se realizaron tres entrevistas semiestructuradas y un grupo focal en los que
participaron un total de 10 profesionales de cinco instituciones educativas de Bachillerato, Formación
Profesional y Universidad inmersas en procesos de innovación educativa. Los resultados pusieron de
manifiesto la importancia de la formación continua de toda la comunidad educativa, principalmente
del profesorado, y de la realización de evaluaciones externas. Asimismo, los hallazgos asociaron la
contribución de la universidad a la realización de proceso de investigación y transferencia relacionados
con los procesos de investigación e innovación educativ
Implementation of Digital Twin-based Virtual Commissioning in Machine Tool Manufacturing
Full text linkVirtual commissioning is not a new concept; However, it is all the rage with the introduction of Industry 4.0, in the field of product lifecycle management, computer-aided design (CAD), computer-aided manufacturing (CAM), and within the industrial automation programming frameworks. Although, this is a very active area of research and innovation, these technologies have little implementation in the machine tool industry [11]. There is still no integrated simulation environment for virtual commissioning in the market. In this context, digitalisation is a key driver. The aim of this paper is to describe the practice of virtual commissioning in the machine tool manufacturing industry by identifying available solutions in the market and addressing the challenges faced within the machine tool sector. As a result, a digital twin based virtual commissioning solution has been developed at Danobatgroup, the leading machine tool builder in Spain, which is a step forward towards the digitalisation of machine tool manufacturing
Development and validation of a tool for the integration of the circular economy in industrial companies
Full text linkCircular Economy (CE) implementation is considered an instrumental strategy to help reaching the world's resource, energy, and climate mitigation targets, including the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 2030. However, major barriers must be overcome to facilitate CE implementation in industry such as cultural, market, regulatory and technological considerantions (Kirchherr et al., 2018). Improving management systems within industrial companies is crucial when implementing effective CE solutions in compliance with existing industrial standards such as quality and environmental management systems. However, it is not yet common practice yet due to the lack of standardized, suitable, and easy-to-use supporting analytical tools. This paper attempts to fill this gap by presenting Industrial Circular Economy Questionnaire (ICEQ), a self-diagnosis questionnaire built upon the revision of industrial harmonized standards and, academic literature on business-level CE assessment tools. ICEQ, compiling a set of 165 questions for company self-CE assessment, was applied to 30 industrial companies belonging to 17 economic sectors (automotive, machining and metalworking transformation, waste management, machine tool, etc.) in the Basque Autonomous Community (BAC) in Spain. The automotive sector stands out with 70% of circularity while Machining and metalworking transformation only has 34%, showing that the automotive sector is more conscious of CE since they must comply with End-of-Life Vehicles (EoLV) legislation
Understanding Switched-Flux Machines: A MMF-Permeance Model and Magnetic Equivalent Circuit Approach
Full text linkDue to their particular structure, switched-flux permanent magnet machines have become a very interesting alternative for many applications. This is why some recent studies have been focused in the understanding of the operating mechanism of these machines via the MMF-permeance modelling. However, the models that can be found in the literature make some simplifications that reduce their accuracy when predicting the performance of switched-flux machines. For example, the models that can be found in the literature are commonly not precise enough for machines with a wide slot, because the influence of the modulator of the primary side of the machine is neglected. In this article, a precise analytical model is developed for a 6/13 C-Core switched-flux machine via a combination of a magnetic equivalent circuit and a MMF-permeance model. The model is based on the magnetic field modulation principle. The analytical model is used to explain the flux focusing effect and the force generation mechanism of switched-flux machines. A new concept of PM field harmonic efficiency ratio is used to identify the most efficient PM field harmonics of 2 switched-flux machines. The precision of the model is validated via 2D and 3D Finite Element Method simulations, and experimental measurements that were obtained with a linear machine prototype. The results show that the model can predict the performance of switched-flux machines with a high accuracy level
Circular economy business models and technology management strategies in the wind industry: Sustainability potential, industrial challenges and opportunities
Full text linkCircular business models, aimed at narrowing, slowing, and closing resource loops, can potentially generate significant economic and social benefits, promote resource security and improve environmental performance. However, within the wind power industry, sustainability research, including life cycle assessments, has been focused mostly on technology innovation at the material (e.g. permanent magnets), components (e.g. blades) or product level (e.g. new assets). Research analysing the implementation of circular business models in the wind industry is scarce. Such information could, however, support more robust decision-making in the development of system-level innovations for the deployment of more resource-efficient and sustainable wind energy infrastructure. Building upon practical methods for the identification, categorisation and characterisation of business models, 14 circular business models with application to the wind industry were comprehensively evaluated through the revision of 125 documents, including 56 journal papers, 46 industrial business cases and 23 wind technology management reports. Each circular business model is examined according to i) business offering and drivers, ii) value creation, delivery and capture mechanisms, iii) sustainability benefits and trade-offs, and iv) industrial challenges and opportunities. Accordingly, comprehensive guidelines to drive political (legislation design and implementation), industrial (technology and business innovation) and academic (further research) actions, are provided. Though the results are focussed on the wind industry, the general findings and recommendations are relevant across the renewable and low-carbon energy sector
Worker Involvement and Performance in Italian Social Enterprises: The Role of Motivations, Gender and Workload
Full text linkOver the past two decades, organizational sustainability has been studied from several different perspectives, such as marketing, governance, strategy, and human resource management (HRM). However, sustainability framed in HRM has not yet received enough attention in the literature, especially as it concerns the study of different organizational forms. Building on Enhert and
Harry’s (2012) sustainable HRM approach, this article studies worker empowerment and how it affects organizational performance in terms of service quality and service innovation. Specifically, it addresses how relational motivations interact with HR-empowering practices (involvement in decisions and task autonomy) as organizational resources in influencing performance, how workload pressure resulting from HR empowerment can improve performance, and the influence of gender on performance, especially with concerns for human capital (tertiary education) and motivations. To this end, a representative sample of workers employed by Italian social enterprises (ES) in the social service sector is used. We propose multilevel SEMs that are based on two sets of equations specifying worker- and organization-level effects on organizational performance. Our main results show that the combination of worker engagement and an appropriate relational context in the organizational environment is most conducive to delivering better and innovative services. In addition, a higher
percentage of well-trained and relationally motivated women employees helps achieve this goal
Context-awareness for the design of Smart-product service systems: Literature review
Full text linkSmart-Product Service Systems (S-PSS) emerge as a novel strategy to integrate smart products with advanced digital capabilities and their related e-services to satisfy user’s needs in highly context-dependent environments. S-PSS has the potential to generate a transition towards more economically, ecologically and socially sustainable practices and business models due to its adaptive capacities. However, being able to exploit the digital capabilities of smart products and their services is still limited in design and even more to improve the user experience. For this reason, this study will focus on the Context-awareness capability that has been defined by multiple scholars as one of the most relevant properties that defines the smartness of a product. Following a systematic literature review approach, this work makes the following contributions: (1) it provides a bibliometric analysis using a cluster keyword map to analyze the most researched topics in S-PSS relevant to the design, user experience and analyze their connections; (2) an analysis of the case studies presented in the literature according to the life cycle of context-aware applications; and (3) establishes a research direction for the user experience and design of the S-PSS
Entrevistas de autoconfrontación como método para la formación de docentes en el ámbito de la educación literaria
Full text linkEste trabajo se basa en un proceso de formación realizado con varios docentes de Educación Primaria, cuyo análisis ha sido uno de los ejes principales, junto a la actividad del aula. El proyecto se ha centrado en la didáctica de la literatura; concretamente, en las interacciones verbales que emergen en el aula al trabajar con álbumes ilustrados. Parte de la formación ha consistido en entrevistas de autoconfrontación, donde los docentes han visualizado sus sesiones del aula y han reflexionado sobre su práctica. Los resultados aflorados del análisis de las entrevistas citadas han sugerido que ha habido una evolución en el discurso de los enseñantes, entre otros aspectos, los docentes han avanzado de una mirada externa a una interna, en la que analizan la práctica desde el prisma interno del autor.This paper studies the training process performed by several primary teachers. The analysis of such training is the main line in this paper, together with the in-class activity. The project focuses on the teaching of literature; precisely, on verbal interactions that emerge in the classroom when working with illustrated books. Part of the training consisted in self-confrontation interviews, where the teachers visualized their lessons and have reflected on their practice. The results obtained from the aforesaid interviews have suggested that there has been an evolution between different self-confrontations; for example, the teachers moved from an external look into an internal one, where the practice is analysed from the internal prism of the author
Plasticity evolution of an aluminum-magnesium alloy under abrupt strain path changes
Full text linkDuring the forming and manufacturing of engineering materials, plasticity behavior could be evolving significantly due to complex deformation history. Therefore, this study aims to characterize the plasticity evolution of an aluminum-magnesium alloy under simple monotonic and non-monotonic loading with abrupt strain path changes. Instead of focusing only on one single stress state in the first-step loading for most of the studies in the literature, the current non-monotonic strain path testing program investigates three stress states – uniaxial, plane-strain, and biaxial tension – in the first-step loading and combines them with a second-step uniaxial loading along and orthogonal to the initial loading direction. This combination generates non-monotonic stress–strain data in a quite large and distributed spectrum in terms of the Schmitt parameter. It is found that the aluminum-magnesium alloy shows a unique phenomenon with a lower yield strength at reloading compared to monotonic cases coupled with a steady increase of stress overshooting the monotonic one at large strains. This increase of stress as well as the strain hardening rate lasts till the uniform strain and is therefore referred to as permanent hardening. The comprehensive non-monotonic behavior delivered by the new experimental program in this study could further assist the development of material models and an in-depth understanding of the underlying mechanisms
Budget impact analysis of the use of Souvenaid in patients with prodromal Alzheimer’s Disease in Spain
Full text linkIntroduction
The effectiveness, safety, and cost-effectiveness of the use of Souvenaid for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) have been previously evidenced. To complete the economic analysis, there is a need to assess whether society can afford it. The objective of this study was to carry out a budget impact analysis of the use of Souvenaid in Spain under the conditions of the LipiDidiet clinical trial from a societal perspective.
Methods
We built a population model that took into account all the cohorts of individuals with AD, their individual progression, and the potential impact of Souvenaid treatment on their trajectories. Patient progression data were obtained from mixed models. The target population was estimated based on the population forecast for 2020–2035 and the incidence of dementia. Individual progression to dementia measured by the Clinical Dementia Rating-Sum of Boxes was reproduced using mixed models. Besides the costs of treatment and diagnosis, direct costs of medical and non-medical care and indirect costs were included.
Results
The epidemiological indicators and the distribution of life expectancy by stages validated the model. From the third year (2022), the differences in the cost of dementia offset the incremental cost of diagnosis and treatment. The costs of dependency reached €500 million/year while those of the intervention were limited to €40 million.
Conclusions
Souvenaid, with modest effectiveness in delaying dementia associated with AD, achieved a positive economic balance between costs and savings. Its use in the treatment of prodromal AD would imply an initial cost that would be ongoing, but this would be offset by savings in the care system for dependency associated with dementia from the third year. These results were based on adopting a societal perspective taking into account the effect of treatment on the use of health, social, and family resources