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Low delay network attributes randomization to proactively mitigate reconnaissance attacks in industrial control systems
Full text linkIndustrial Control Systems are used in a wide variety of industrial facilities, including critical infrastructures, becoming the main target of multiple security attacks. A malicious and successful attack against these infrastructures could cause serious economic and environmental consequences, including the loss of human lives. Static networks configurations and topologies, which characterize Industrial Control Systems, represent an advantage for attackers, allowing them to scan for vulnerable devices or services before carrying out the attack. Identifying active devices and services is often the first step for many attacks. This paper presents a proactive network reconnaissance defense mechanism based on the temporal randomization of network IP addresses, MAC addresses and port numbers. The obtained information distortion minimizes the knowledge acquired by the attackers, hindering any attack that relies on network addressing. The temporal randomization of network attributes is performed in an adaptive way, minimizing the overhead introduced in the network and avoiding any error and latency in communications. The implementation as well as the tests have been carried out in a laboratory with real industrial equipment, demonstrating the effectiveness of the presented solution
Design and 3D printing of an electrochemical sensor for Listeria monocytogenes detection based on loop mediated isothermal amplification
Full text linkThe aim of this work is the design and 3D printing of a new electrochemical sensor for the detection of Listeria monocytogenes based on loop mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP). The food related diseases involve a serious health issue all over the world. Listeria monocytogenes is one of the major problems of contaminated food, this pathogen causes a disease called listeriosis with a high rate of hospitalization and mortality. Having a fast, sensitive and specific detection method for food quality control is a must in the food industry to avoid the presence of this pathogen in the food chain (raw materials, facilities and products). A point-of-care biosensor based in LAMP and electrochemical detection is one of the best options to detect the bacteria on site and in a very short period of time. With the numerical analysis of different geometries and flow rates during sample injection in order to avoid bubbles, an optimized design of the microfluidic biosensor chamber was selected for 3D-printing and experimental analysis.
For the electrochemical detection, a novel custom gold concentric-3-electrode consisting in a working electrode, reference electrode and a counter electrode was designed and placed in the bottom of the chamber. The LAMP reaction was optimized specifically for a primers set with a limit of detection of 1.25 pg of genomic DNA per reaction and 100% specific for detecting all 12 Listeria monocytogenes serotypes and no other Listeria species or food-related bacteria. The methylene blue redox-active molecule was tested as the electrochemical transducer and shown to be compatible with the LAMP reaction and very clearly distinguished negative from positive food samples when the reaction is measured at the end-point inside the biosensor
La Fageda enpresa soziala, Mondragoneko kooperatibismoaren begiradatik
Full text linkArtikulu honetan La Fageda (Katalunia) esperientziaren kasu azterketa egin dugu, MONDRAGONeko esperientzia kooperatiboaren begiradatik. Esperientzia horren ezaugarri na-gusiak azaldu ditugu, bilakaera historikoan izan dituen erronkak eta dilemak, eta Mondrago-neko kooperatibismoaren begiradatik interesgarriak iruditu zaizkigun gako nagusiak.This article presents a case analysis of the experience of La Fageda (Catalonia) from the perspective of the cooperative experience of MONDRAGON. The main character-istics of this experience, the challenges and dilemmas it has had in the historical evolution, and the main keys that we found interesting from the point of view of Mondragon’s coop-erativism
Creating New Knowledge while Solving a Relevant Practical Problem: Success Factors for an Action Research-Based PhD Thesis in Business and Management
Full text linkThis paper focuses on university–firm relationships in terms of individual interactions between researchers and practitioners. More specifically, we focus on an analysis of the main factors that influence the use of the action research (AR) to achieve a successful doctoral thesis. In order to achieve this, we developed a Delphi study with 15 panelists whose common characteristic is that they defended or supervised an AR-based thesis in the field of business and management. The primary contribution of the research is the development of a reference framework that should be considered in the design of a doctoral thesis for which an AR methodology is put into practice. Four dimensions were defined: profiles of both the PhD candidate and supervisor, PhD program/university, and firm/organization. Three main conclusions were reached. First, it is crucial to have a cooperative “eye-to-eye” relationship between the university and the company. Second, the AR process must respond unequivocally to its own dichotomous nature. Third, there must be a straightforward academic process for the PhD thesis. We believe that this study may impel the development of doctoral theses based on AR as a tool to potentiate collaborative university–firm relationships
X-ray Thermo-Diffraction Study of the Aluminum-Based Multicomponent Alloy Al58Zn28Si8Mg6
Full text linkNewly designed multicomponent light alloys are giving rise to non-conventional microstructures that need to be thoroughly studied before determining their potential applications. In this study, the novel Al58Zn28Si8Mg6 alloy, previously studied with CALPHAD methods, was cast and heat-treated under several conditions. An analysis of the phase evolution was carried out with in situ X-ray diffraction supported by differential scanning calorimetry and electron microscopy. A total of eight phases were identified in the alloy in the temperature range from 30 to 380 °C: α-Al, α’-Al, Zn, Si, Mg2Si, MgZn2, Mg2Zn11, and SrZn13. Several thermal transitions below 360 °C were determined, and the natural precipitation of the Zn phase was confirmed after nine months. The study showed that the thermal history can strongly affect the presence of the MgZn2 and Mg2Zn11 phases. The combination of X-ray thermo-diffraction with CALPHAD methods, differential scanning calorimetry, and electron microscopy offered us a satisfactory understanding of the alloy behavior at different temperatures
Implantación colectiva de la clase invertida en el grado de informática
Full text linkLa educación ha sufrido una gran transformación en las últimas décadas. El alumnado de hoy en día está formado por nativos digitales y la educación tradicional les parece aburrida. Por este motivo, los docentes tratan de aumentar la motivación del alumnado recurriendo a las nuevas tecnologías. Este proceso de digitalización se ha visto acelerado en los últimos años debido a la pandemia del Covid19. Entre los diferentes paradigmas que se han propuesto ante esta situación, la clase invertida toma fuerza como una de las alternativas transformadoras más estudiadas y relevantes. Este trabajo presenta los resultados del caso de estudio de la implantación de clase invertida en el grado de informática. En esta experiencia, 11 asignaturas de diferentes cursos se han visto involucradas (6 asignaturas en el primer semestre y 5 en el segundo semestre) durante el curso 2020/21. Nuestro objetivo es mostrar los pasos utilizados para la implantación de la clase invertida en distintos grados universitarios. Además, mostramos los resultados de los diferentes cuestionarios contestados tanto por el alumnado como por los docentes sobre la experiencia
Incorporation of Synthetic Data Generation Techniques within a Controlled Data Processing Workflow in the Health and Wellbeing Domain
Full text linkTo date, the use of synthetic data generation techniques in the health and wellbeing domain has been mainly limited to research activities. Although several open source and commercial packages have been released, they have been oriented to generating synthetic data as a standalone data reparation process and not integrated into a broader analysis or experiment testing workflow. In this context, the VITALISE project is working to harmonize Living Lab research and data capture protocols and to provide controlled processing access to captured data to industrial and scientific communities. In this paper, we present the initial design and implementation of our synthetic data generation approach in the context of VITALISE Living Lab controlled data processing workflow, together with identified challenges and future developments. By uploading data captured from Living Labs, generating synthetic data from them, developing analysis locally with synthetic data, and then executing them remotely with real data, the utility of the proposed workflow has been validated. Results have shown that the presented workflow helps accelerate research on artificial intelligence, ensuring compliance with data protection laws. The presented approach has demonstrated how the adoption of state-of-the-art synthetic data generation techniques can be applied for real-world applications
Participación Familiar en Escuelas con Alta Presencia de Alumnado Inmigrante y en Desventaja Socioeconómica
Full text linkEl presente trabajo busca examinar la percepción de las familias sobre su participación en centros con alta presencia de alumnado inmigrante y escasos recursos económicos. Se examinan las estrategias que facilitan la participación, los obstáculos y las propuestas para impulsarla. La investigación se llevó a cabo en dos escuelas de la provincia de Gipuzkoa mediante 18 entrevistas semiestructuradas y dos grupos de discusión con madres y padres y se analizaron mediante el análisis de contenido. Los resultados muestran que las familias perciben buena relación personal con el profesorado, pero la participación en el centro es baja, sobre todo por parte de las familias inmigrantes. Las familias identificaron estrategias para facilitar la participación (transmisión de información entre madres, existencia de espacios para el diálogo...), obstáculos (insuficiente dominio de la lengua, dificultades económicas, desconocimiento del funcionamiento de los órganos de representación...) y modos de abordar estas y otras dificultades. Se concluye que buena parte de las iniciativas que se llevan a cabo para facilitar la participación dependen de la voluntad de algunas personas y no se encuentran sistematizadas. Escuchar a las familias e incidir conjuntamente en los aspectos que han aflorado en nuestra investigación puede contribuir a incrementar la participación de todo tipo de familias en el centro, y particularmente de aquellas que se encuentran en desventaja; ello implicaría un mayor esfuerzo en comparación con centros con menor diversidadThis work seeks to examine the perception of families about their involvement in schools with a high presence of immigrant students and limited economic resources. Strategies that facilitate participation, obstacles and proposals to promote it are examined. The research was carried out in two schools in the province of Gipuzkoa through 18 semi-structured interviews and two focus-groups with mothers and fathers, which were analyzed by means of content analysis. The results show that families have the perception of having a good personal relationship with teachers, but that participation in the center is low, especially on the part of immigrant families. The families identified strategies to facilitate participation (transmission of information between mothers, existence of spaces for dialogue...), obstacles (insufficient command of the language, financial difficulties, ignorance of the functioning of the representative bodies...) and ways of addressing these and other difficulties. It is concluded that the initiatives carried out to facilitate involvement depend on the willingness of some people and are not systematized. By listening to the families and taking on board the aspects influencing the aspects that have emerged in our research could contribute to increasing the participation of all types of families in the center, and particularly those who are disadvantaged. This would involve a greater level of effort when compared to schools with less diversity
Multi-Objective Comparative Analysis of Active Modular Rectifier Architectures for a More Electric Aircraft
Full text linkAircraft electrification requires reliable, power-dense, high-efficient, and bidirectional rectifiers to improve the overall performance of existing aircrafts. Thus, traditional bulky passive rectifiers must be substituted by active rectifiers, satisfying the requirements imposed by up-to-date standards. However, several challenges are found in terms of power controllability, due to the standardized passive rectifier-based operating conditions. This work presents the implementation of an active rectifier modular architecture for aircraft applications. An analysis of the technical difficulties and limitations was performed and three innovative modular architectures are proposed and designed. In order to find the most suitable architecture, a comparison framework is proposed, focusing on efficiency, volume, and reliability parameters. From the comparative analysis, it can be concluded that the two-stage configuration architecture is a good solution in terms of semiconductor life expectancy and low volume. However, if converter redundancies are required, the single-stage with STATCOM configuration is an excellent trade-off between low volume, redundancy, and cost-effectiveness