Repository of Polytechnic Lavoslav Ružička Vukovar
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LIFELONG PHYSICAL ACTIVITY IN THE PREVENTION OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES IN PEOPLE WITH SEDENTARY LIFESTYLES
No full textKardiovaskularne bolesti su problem koji se povećava i smanjuje kvalitetu života te uzrokuju visoku stopu smrtnosti na globalnoj razini. Vodeći uzročnik kardiovaskularnih bolesti jest sedentarni način života, odnosno manjak tjelesne aktivnosti u svakodnevnom životu. Kardiovaskularne bolesti u većini slučajeva uzrokovane su aterosklerozom, bolešću koja se manifestira promjenama, oštećenjima i naslagama na stjenkama arterija. Tjelesna aktivnost, aerobnog tipa, služi kao najbolja prevencija u smanjenju čimbenika rizika. Ona uzrokuje adaptacije na tijelu koje čine kardiovaskularni sustav učinkovitijim. Fizioterapeut ima neizostavnu ulogu i obvezu u podizanju svijesti, te u provođenju raznih programa vježbi i edukacije kako bi osposobio populaciju za cjeloživotno bavljenje tjelesnom aktivnošću.Cardiovascular disease is a problem that increases and it can decrease the quality of life and causes a high mortality rate globally. The leading cause of cardiovascular disease is a sedentary lifestyle, that is, a lack of physical activity in daily life. Cardiovascular diseases in most cases are caused by atherosclerosis, a disease that is manifested by changes, damages and deposits on the walls of arteries. Physical activity, of the aerobic type, serves as the best prevention in reducing risk factors. It causes body adaptations that make the cardiovascular system more efficient. The physiotherapist has an indispensable role and obligation in raising awareness and implementing various education programs and exercises to train and educate the population for lifelong doing of physical activity
PHYSIOTHERAPY TREATMENT FOR PATIENTS WITH COVID-19 IN THE HOSPITAL SETTING
No full textŠirenjem epidemije dolazi do novih izazova kako u svijetu tako i u Hrvatskoj, a samim time i do noviteta u sustavu i aktivnostima fizikalne medicine i rehabilitacije. Brojni stručnjaci su uključeni u rehabilitaciju osoba oboljelih od COVID-19, pa tako i fizioterapeuti, koji nisu uključeni u liječenje bolesti, već u prevenciju i rehabilitaciju respiratornih nedostataka i funkcionalnih ograničenja svakodnevnih aktivnosti. Fizioterapeuti su uključeni u rehabilitaciju i u akutnom stanju bolesti, osobito u stanjima gdje je disanje otežano te kod sindroma postvirusnog umora. Rana evaluacija i intervencije pacijenata oboljelih od COVID-19 su vrlo važne, kako bi učinkovito izbjegli daljnje pogoršanje bolesti te kako bi smanjili rizik od teške invalidnosti nakon oporavka. Kod blažeg tipa bolesti pacijenti nemaju simptome ili su to simptomi poput vrućice, opće slabosti, mialgije, kašlja i sl., te kod ovakvog oblika nema potrebe za hospitalizacijom. Kod težeg oblika bolesti su prisutni brojni simptomi i pacijenti imaju veći rizik za nastanak komplikacija, zato je potrebno ovakve pacijente hospitalizirati te vršiti stalan nadzor nad njima. Dužnost zdravstevnih ustanova jest osigurati adekvatna higijenska sredstva u svim kliničkim područjima.With the spread of the pandemic we face new challenges throughout the world but also in Croatia, resulting in novelties concerning the composition and activity of physical medicine and rehabilitation. Numerous experts are dealing with the rehabilitation of COVID-19 patients including physiotherapists, the latter aren’t included in the treatment of the disease but rather in the prevention of the usage of respiratory equipment and the functional shortage of daily activities. Physiotherapists are included in the rehabilitation and the acute state of the disease, especially in those cases when breathing has been aggravated due to post-viral fatigue. Early evaluation and intervention in the health of a COVID-19 patient are very important for prohibiting the further progress of the disease in order to decrease the risk of severe disability after recovery. In a mild case of the disease the patients don’t have any symptoms or experience symptoms like a fever, eye weakness, myalgia, a cough, etc. Those symptoms don’t require hospitalization. In severe cases of the disease the present numerous symptoms are given and the patients have a higher risk of continued complications, therefore it’s required to hospitalize those patients under constant supervision. The duty of health institutes is to secure adequate hygienic equipment in all clinical areas
AGGRESSIVE BEHAVIOR IN SPORT FOR INDIVIDUALS WITH A PHYSICAL DISABILITY
No full textOsoba s invaliditetom je osoba koja ima tjelesno, mentalno, intelektualno ili osjetilno oštećenje. Definicija invaliditeta Svjetske zdravstvene organizacije glasi da je invaliditet bilo kakvo ograničenje ili izostanak sposobnosti pri obavljanju aktivnosti u opsegu koji se smatra prosječnim za ljudska bića. Sport za osobe s invaliditetom postoji više od 100 godina. Danas globalna mreža ‘Paraolimpijski pokret’ pruža sportske mogućnosti paraolimpijskim sportašima s tjelesnim, vizualnim ili intelektualnim oštećenjima, od obične do elitne razine, s Paraolimpijskim igrama kao glavnim događajem. Agresivno ponašanje, nasilje i varanje su veliki problem u društvu i u sportu, no u različitim okruženjima i društvima se ne tolerira agresija, dok se u sportskom okruženju relativizira i procjenjuje u terminu ostvarenih dobiti. Cilj ovog diplomskog rada bio je utvrditi stupanj prihvatljivosti nesportskog ponašanja na uzorku sportaša s invaliditetom i istražiti razlike s obzirom na spol i obilježja sporta kojim se ispitanici bave.A person with a disability is a person who has a physical, mental, intellectual or sensory impairment. The World Health Organization’s definition of disability states that disability is any limitation or lack of ability to perform activities to the extent considered average for human beings. Sports for people with disabilities have been around for over 100 years. Today, the global ‘Paralympic Movement’ network provides sporting opportunities to Paralympic athletes with physical, visual or intellectual disabilities, from ordinary to elite levels, with the Paralympic Games as the main events. Aggressive behavior, violence and cheating are a big problem in society and sports, but in different environments and societies aggression is not tolerated, while in the sports environment it is relativized and assessed in terms of profits. The aim of this thesis was to determine the degree of acceptability of unsportsmanlike conduct in a sample of athletes with disabilities and to investigate the differences with respect to gender and characteristics of the sport in which the respondents are engaged
ESTABLISHMENT AND OPERATION OF NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS IN THE REPUBLIC OF CROATIA
No full textUdruge su neprofitne organizacije koje djeluju u raznim područjima za koja su se opredijelili njezini osnivači, odnosno osobe koje su se ustavnim pravom odlučile na slobodno udruživanje. Udruga je oblik udruživanja fizičkih ili pravnih osoba poradi zaštite osobnih probitaka ili zauzimanja za svoja uvjerenja. S obzirom da su udruge neprofitne organizacije, mogu sjtecati dobit, ali ne za sebe ili treće osobe, već za ostvarivanje svojih ciljeva. Prilikom osnivanja udruge, osnivači moraju izglasati statut te se nakon osnivanja upisuju u Registar neprofitnih organizacija. Udruge se financiraju putem donacija, članarina, poklona, državnog proračuna ili fondova Europske unije kao i vlastitim prihodima ukoliko obavljaju gospodarsku djelatnost.Association are non-profit organizations that operate in various areas for wich its founder have opted, that is, persons who have decided by constitutional law to freely associate. An non-profit associations is a form of association of natural or legal persons dor the purpose of protecting personal gain or advocating for one`s beliefs. Since associations are non-profit organizations, they can make a profit, but not for themselves or third parties, but to achieve their goals. When founding an non-profit association, the founders must vote on the statute and after the establishment, they register in the Register of Non-Profit Organizations. Nonprofit associations are financed trough danations, membership fees, gifts, the state budget or European Union founds, as well as their own incom if they preform economic activity
ONLINE TRADING AND ADVERTISING ON SOCIAL MEDIA
No full textOvaj završni rad prikazat će definiciju, obilježja, prednosti i nedostatke online trgovine, razvitak online trgovine od njenih početaka pa sve do danas, te ulogu društvenih mreža u online trgovanju, točnije oglašavanje putem društvenih mreža. Uvod će govoriti o općem pojmu trgovine i utjecaju razvoja interneta i tehnologije na trgovinu te pokrenuti pogled na online trgovinu kroz povijest. U prvom poglavlju rad će govoriti o povijesti online trgovine, o razvoju internetske mreže koji je osigurao temelj samog postojanja online trgovine, te početcima uporabe online trgovine koji su ju usmjerili u pravac kojim se razvija i danas. Poglavlje značajke online trgovine govorit će o prednostima i nedostatcima online trgovine, sigurnosti online trgovine i novčanim transakcijama putem interneta te o današnjim načinima plaćanja koji se mogu koristiti pri online kupovini. Poglavlje oglašavanje na društvenim mrežama donosi obradu odnosa online trgovine i društvenih mreža, vrste i karakteristike oglasa na internetu i društvenim mrežama te različite načine oglašavanja. Također govorit će o prednostima i nedostatcima te isplativosti oglašavanja na društvenim mrežama. Posljednje poglavlje prikazat će promijene koje je online trgovina doživjela a koje su uzrokovane pandemijom COVID-19 , brojne prilike koje je pandemija donijela online trgovini te ponašanje potrošača za vrijeme pandemije. Rad će prikazati strukturu društvenih mreža te detaljnije opisati načine na koje je sve moguće oglašavati se putem društvenih mreža.This paper will present the definition, features, advantages and disadvantages of ecommerce, the evolution of e-commerce from its beginning up until today, and the role social media has in e-commerce, specifically social media advertising. The introduction will talk about the general term of commerce and the effects of technology development on commerce. It will also examine commerce throughout history. The History of e-commerce section will talk about the evolution of the Internet which placed the foundations for the existence of e-commerce, and the beginning of the use of e-commerce which steered it in the direction it is developing today. The Features of e-commerce will talk about the advantages and disadvantages of e-commerce, the safety of e-commerce and online financial transactions as well as various payment methods in e-commerce used today. The Advertising on social media section will cover the relation between e-commerce and social media, different characteristics and types of advertising on the Internet and social media and different ways to advertise. It will also talk about the pros and cons and efficiency of advertising on social media. The E-commerce during the COVID-19 pandemic section will point out the changes, opportunities and consumer behaviour during the COVID-19 pandemic and show in which ways did the pandemic affect e-commerce. The paper will display the structure of social media and describe in detail the possible ways of advertising on social media
EFFICIENCY OF INVENTORY MANAGEMENT IN THE COMPANY GORENJE
No full textZalihe pripadaju posebnoj kategoriji kratkotrajne materijalne imovine. Zalihe predstavljaju količinu porizvoda koja je poduzeću potrebna kako bi nesmetano odvijali svoje procese proizvodnje i prodaje, u ovisnosti o djelatnosti kojom se poduzeće bavi. Postoje tri osnovne vrste zaliha, a dijele se na zalihe sirovina i materijala, nedovršena proizvodnja te zalihe proizvoda i trgovačka roba. Osnovni cilj upravljanja zalihama je smanjiti troškove zaliha koliko je moguće, a da se pri tome zadrži ista razina kvalitete koju kupci zahtijevaju. Upravljanje zalihama smatra se jednim od najvažnijih logističkih zadataka, a definira se kao skup tehnika koje služe za upravljanje razinom zaliha unutar različitih poduzeća. Podaci koji dolazi za upravljanje zalihama su ulazni podaci koji se ponajprije predviđaju iz potražnje i cijena proizvoda. Ulazni podaci olakšava se praćenje upravljanja zalihama jer to u tom slučaju postaje kontinuirani proces koji balansira odnos između zahtjeva da se zadovolji potražnja s jedne strane te s druge strane da se troškovi zadrže na niskoj razini. U teoriji zvuči kao poprilično jednostavan zadatak, no brojni gospodarski subjekti su suočeni s problemom glede pronalaska optimalne politike upravljanja zalihama jer je ponekad nemoguće odrediti, odnosno definirati potražnju za određenom vrstom proizvoda. Tema ovog završnog rada pobliže će objasniti što su to zalihe, koje su osnovne vrste zaliha, koje su metode upravljanja zalihama te će to sve prethodno objasniti na konkretnom primjeru, odnosno na primjeru poduzeća “Gorenje”.Inventory belongs to a special category of current tangible assets. It represents the amount of product that a company needs in order to run its production and sales processes uninterrupted. There are three basic types of inventories which are inventories of raw materials, inventories of work in progress, and inventories of products and merchandise. Inventory management, defined as a set of techniques used to manage inventory capacity within different companies, is considered to be one of the most important logistical tasks. Its primary goal is to reduce the company’s costs as much as possible when purchasing, storing, and selling inventory, while also maintaining the same level of quality that customers require. The data that is necessary for inventory management is input data, which is primarily predicted from product demand and prices. Input data facilitates inventory management as an ongoing process that seeks to balance out the relation between the request to meet market’s demand on one side and to keep the costs low on the other. It seems like a fairly straightforward task in theory. However, many businesses are faced with the problem of finding an optimal policy of inventory management because occasionally it is impossible to determine the demand for a particular type of product. This paper will present what is inventory, what are the basic types of inventories, and what are the methods of inventory management. The beforementioned will be explained through an example of work practices done by the company “Gorenje”
UNIFICATION OF THE BOOK OF DEPOSITED CONTRACTS WITH THE LAND REGISTRY
No full textRad se bavi analizom postupka povezivanja zemljišne knjige i knjige položenih ugovora. Zemljišna knjiga odnosi se na javnu knjigu u koju se upisuju nekretnine i prava na nekretninama te ona predstavlja jedinu ovakvu evidenciju koja je mjerodavna u pravnom prometu. U radu se objašnjava osnovna funkcija zemljišnih knjiga koja se ogleda u činjenici da svaki pojedinac vjeruje da je sadržaj koji se nalazi u zemljišnim knjigama potpun i istinit. Osim zemljišne knjige, u zemljišnopravnom sustavu Republike Hrvatske postoji i knjiga položenih ugovora, u koju su se pojedini stanovi upisivali bez obzira na to je li zgrada u kojoj se određeni stan nalazio bila upisana u zemljišnu knjigu. Knjiga položenih ugovora sastoji se od glavne knjige i zbirke isprava, a vodi se odvojeno za svaku katastarsku općinu. U završnom radu se posebno analizira Pravilnik o povezivanju zemljišne knjige i knjige položenih ugovora i upisa vlasništva posebnog dijela nekretnine u Republici Hrvatskoj. U sklopu analize objašnjavaju se osnovne namjene Pravilnika, koje su se odnosile na omogućavanje automatskog spajanja upisa u glavnoj zemljišnoj knjizi s postojećim upisima u knjizi položenih ugovora te na potpuno utvrđivanje katastarskih čestica na kojima se nalaze objekti s više posebnih dijelova.The paper deals with the analysis of the procedure of linking the land register and the book of deposited contracts. The land register refers to the public register in which real estate and legal real estate are entered, and it is the only such record that is relevant in legal transactions. The paper explains the basic function of land registers, which is reflected in the fact that everyone believes that the content contained in the land registers is complete and true. In addition to the land register, in the land law system of the Republic of Croatia there is also a book of deposited contracts, in which individual dwellings were entered regardless of whether the building in which a particular dwelling was located was entered in the land register or not. The book of deposited contracts consists of the main register and the collection of documents and is kept separately for each cadastral municipality. The final paper analyzes the Regulations on linking the land register and the book of deposited contracts and the registration of ownership of a special part of real estate in the Republic of Croatia. The analysis explains the basic purposes of the Regulations, which referred to enabling automatic merging of entries in the general land register with existing entries in the book of deposited contracts and the complete determination of cadastral parcels on which there are objects with several special parts
KINESIOTAPING - APPLICATION IN ANKLE DISTORTION
No full textDistorzija gležnja je ozljeda koja je u narodu poznatija kao uganuće gležnja ili skočnog zgloba. Jedna od najčešćih ozljeda u sportu je upravo distorzija gležnja, u pojedinim sportovima čak od 70% - 80% zastupljenosti. Do ozljede može doći prilikom nekog sportskog napora ili prilikom obične šetnje. Distorzija gležnja podrazumijeva ligamentarne ozljede koje su izazvane silama istezanja pri kojima dolazi do djelomičnog ili potpunog odvajanja zglobnih površina. Distorzija gležnja gradira se od I do III stupnja. Današnja moderna medicina u posljednjih nekoliko godina razvija sve učinkovitije metode liječenja, u kojemu se nalazi i kinesiotaping. Kinesiotaping je rehabilitacijska tehnika koja koristi specijalnu traku za facilitaciju tjelesnih prirodnih procesa cijeljenja. Kinesiotaping ima četiri osnovna učinka: analgezija, normaliziranje mišićne funkcije te limfnog protoka i ispravljanje zglobnih nepravilnosti i unaprjeđenje propriocepcije. Vrlo je važna uloga fizioterapijske intervencije u liječenju, smanjenju boli, prevenciji i edukaciji o distorziji gležnja.Ankle distortion is an injury that is known as an ankle sprain or ankle joint. One of the most common injuries in sports is ankle distortion, in some sports as much as 70% - 80% of the representation. Injury may occur during some sporting effort or just during a simple walk. Ankle distortion involves ligament injuries caused by stretching forces that result in partial or complete separation of the joint surfaces. Ankle distortion is graded from I to III degree. Today’s modern medicine in recent years has developed all the effective methods of treatment, which includes kinesiotaping. Kinesiotaping is a rehabilitation technique that uses a special tape to facilitate the body’s natural healing processes. Kinesiotaping has four basic effects: analgesia, normalization of muscle function and lymph flow, and correction of joint irregularities and non-acceptance of proprioception. The role of physiotherapy intervention in the treatment, pain reduction, prevention and education of ankle distortion is very important
PHYSHIOTHERAPY STUDENT'S LEVEL OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY DURING COVID - 19
No full textVeć je dobro poznato da tjelesna aktivnost ima brojne pozitivne učinke za zdravlje, međutim tjelesna neaktivnost i sedentarno ponašanje mogu ozbiljno narušiti zdravlje i dovesti do razvoja niza kroničnih bolesti. Tjelesnom aktivnošću smatraju se i aktivnosti koje se provode tijekom rada, obavljanja kućanskih poslova, putovanja, igre te raznih rekreativnih aktivnosti. Pojavom pandemije Covid-19 pojavilo se pitanje kako će mjere zaključavanja, karantena i samoizolacija utjecati na tjelesnu aktivnost stanovništva. Mnogi istraživači pretpostavljali su da bi ovakav tip mjera, koji ograničava kretanje stanovništva, mogao dovesti do povećanja tjelesne neaktivnosti i sedentarnog ponašanja. U ovom istraživanju cilj je bio utvrditi razinu tjelesne aktivnosti studenata fizioterapije na Veleučilištu „Lavoslav Ružička“ u Vukovaru tijekom prvog vala pandemije Covid-19 te zadovoljava li njihova razina tjelesne aktivnosti preporuke Svjetske zdravstvene organizacije. Provedeno je presječno istraživanje u kojem je sudjelovalo 183 ispitanika. Provedena anketa sadržavala je pitanja o općim demografskim podacima te International Physical Activity Questionnaire – Short Form. Rezultati su pokazali da su ispitanici zadovoljili pa čak i premašili preporučenu minimalnu razinu tjedne tjelesne aktivnosti prema preporukama Svjetske zdravstvene organizacije.It is already well known that physical activity has numerous positive effects on health. However, physical inactivity and sedentary lifestyle can seriously impair health and lead to development of many chronic diseases. Physical activity also includes activities performed during work, housework, travel, play and various recreational activities. With the outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic the question arose: how lockdowns, quarantine and self isolation will affect physical activity of the population. Many researchers believe that these types of measures, which restricts movement, could lead to an increase in physical inactivity and sedentary behavior. Aim of this research was to determine the level of physical activity of physiotherapy students at the College of Applied Sciences “Lavoslav Ružička” in Vukovar during the first wave of Covid-19 pandemic and whether their level of physical activity meets the recommendations of the World Health Organization. A cross-sectional study was conducted in which 183 respondents participated. The survey included questions on general demographic data and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire - Short Form. The results showed that the respondents met and even exceeded the recommended minimum level of weekly physical activity according to the recommendations of the World Health Organization
RESPIRATORY PHYSIOTHERAPY IN A CHILD WITH BRONCHIAL ASTHMA
No full textAstma je kroniĉna upala dišnih puteva, u kojoj sudjeluju mnoge stanice i staniĉni posrednici. Kroniĉna upala uzrokuje pridruţenu bronhalnu hiperreaktivnost sa simptomima ponavljanih napadaja zviţdanja, pomanjkanja zraka, stiskanja u prsima i kašlja, osobito noću ili rano ujutro. Glavna komponenta Buteykove metode je terapija disanjem. Disanje ima za cilj smanjiti hiperventilaciju kroz razdoblje kontroliranog smanjenja disanja poznatog kao „sporo disanje― i „smanjeno disanje―, kombinirano sa razdobljima zadrţavanja daha, poznatim kao „kontrolne pauze― i „produţene pauze―. Trening inspiratornih mišića je tehnika usmjerena na povećanje snage ili izdrţljivosti dijafragme i pomoćnih mišića aktiviranih tijekom inspiracije. Posturalna drenaţa gravitacijom olakšava kretanje sekreta iz perifernih dišnih putova u veće bronhije gdje se lakše iskašljavaju. Uĉinkovit kašalj vitalna je komponenta higijenske terapije bronha. Ruĉne tehnike perkusija i vibracija koriste se kao dodatak posturalnoj drenaţi i usmjerene su preko zida prsa. Duboko disanje, ispuhivanje i usmjereno kašljanje upotpunjuju lijeĉenje. Masaţa je ĉest oblik lijeĉenja koji ukljuĉuje gnjeĉenje ili manipulaciju mišićima i mekim tkivom kako bi se poboljšalo zdravlje pacijenta. Haloterapija je terapija suhom soli koja se provodi u okolini opremljenom posebnom opremom koja se naziva halogenerator.Asthma is a chronic inflammation of the airways, in which many cells and cell mediators are involved. Chronic inflammation causes associated bronchial hyperreactivity with symptoms of repeated wheezing attacks, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing, especially at night or early in the morning. The main component of Buteyk's method is respiratory therapy. Breathing aims to reduce hyperventilation through a period of controlled respiratory decline known as ―slow breathing‖ and ―reduced breathing,‖ combined with periods of breath holding known as ―control breaks‖ and ―extended breaks‖. Inspiratory muscle training is a technique aimed at increasing the strength or endurance of the diaphragm and auxiliary muscles activated during inspiration. Postural drainage by gravity facilitates the movement of secretions from the peripheral airways to the larger bronchi where they are more easily coughed up. Effective cough is a vital component of bronchial hygiene therapy. Manual percussion and vibration techniques are used as an adjunct to postural drainage and are directed over the chest wall. Deep breathing, exhalation and directed coughing complete the treatment. Massage is a common form of treatment that involves kneading or manipulating muscles and soft tissues to improve patient’s health. Halotherapy is a dry salt therapy that is performed in an environment equipped with special equipment called a halogenerator