Repository of Polytechnic Lavoslav Ružička Vukovar
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PHYSIOTHERAPY PROCEDURES OR INTERVENTIONS FOR SHOULDER INJURIES IN VOLLEYBALL
No full textOdbojka je dinamičan sport koji se sastoji od dvije suparničke momčadi na terenu i s mrežom na sredini. Jedna momčad sastoji se od 6+1 igrača, u koje se ubraja 2 pucača/napadača, 2 srednja blokera, korektora, tehničara i libera. Cilj igre je da se lopta prebaci preko mreže u protivničko polje na način da protivnik ne uspije održati loptu u zraku i vratiti ju preko mreže natrag u protivničko polje. Odbojku karakteriziraju brzi, eksplozivni i nagli pokreti. Od igrača se očekuju brze reakcije, snalažljivost i domišljatost na terenu kako bi ostvarili poen. Glavna obilježja današnjih igrača su snaga i visina koje su vrlo bitni faktori u igri. Stoga je vrlo važno prije početka igre da igrači budu zagrijani i u dobroj kondicijskoj formi. Što je važno kako bismo izbjegli potencijalne ozljede. No, kao i u svakome sportu postoji mogućnost od ozljeđivanja. Neke od ozljeda s kojima se najčešće susrećemo u odbojci su: ozjeda gležnja, kralježnice, koljena, prstiju i ozljeda ramena. Neke od ozljeda ramena s kojima se najčešće susrećemo su: tendinitis rotatorne manšete, sindrom sudara u ramenu, diskinezija lopatice. Neki od simptoma koji se javljaju su probadajuća bol u ramenu, smanjena mobilnost i pokretljivost ramena. Kako bismo izbjegli navedene ozljede važno je raditi na prevenciji na način da igrači provode vježbe za jačanje i istezanje.Volleyball is dynamic sport which includes two teams on opposite sides. It is played on matchfield with net in the middle. Every team indluces 6 playes plus libero. In every team there are setter, middle blocker, outside hitter, opposite hitter, defensive specialis. Goal of the game is to bring ball on the opposite side of net and make impossible for other team to keep the ball in the air and to return it back in competition's field. Volleyball's characteristics are fast, explosive and sudden movements. Players have to be creative, fast thinkers and good athletes to they can score more points. It isgood for players to be tall and strongg. They also have to have good cardio and vascular strenght. They have to be warmed up before game.. That is important to prevent potentional injuries. Ofcourse there is always risk ofgetting injuired. Some of the most common injuries in volleyball are ankle, spine, knee and shouled injuries. There are some concrete shoulder unjuris in volleyball players: shoulder impingement, tendinitis and rotator cuff tears and scapular dyskinesis. Symptoms are stabbning pain in shouled, andless mobilitiy of shouler then usual. It is important for players to stretch and before and after play, and also to warm up body before playing. It is very important for player to work on their strenght
SACROILIAC JOINT DYSFUNCTION
No full textDisfunkcija sakroilijakalnih zglobova je stanje koje uzrokuje bol u lumbalnom dijelu kralježnice. Sakroilijakalni zglob je struktura koja povezuje kralježnicu i zdjelični obruč, a nalazi se između zglobne površine os ilium i sakralne zglobne površine. Njegov položaj znatno utječe na biomehaniku kretanja, a njegova primarna funkcija je apsorbiranje i prenošenje sile s kralježnice na zdjelični obruč. Uz to odgovoran je i za olakšavanje poroda kod žena. Disfunkcija sakroilijakalnih zglobova uzrokuje bolove u području sakroilijakalnih zglobova i gluteusa, no može se širiti i prema području kuka, stražnje strane natkoljenice ili prema kralježnici. Najčešće se razvija kod sportaša i starijih osoba. Najčešći mehanizam ozljede sakroilijakalnih zglobova su kombinacija aksijalnog opterećenja i nagle rotacije. Postoje dva primarna mehanizma nastanka disfunkcije u sakroilijakalnim zglobovima, a to su hipermobilnost i hipomobilnost. Ostali mehanizmi nastanka sakroilijakalne disfunkcije mogu biti intraartikularni i ekstraartikularni. Osim etioloških izvora, postoje brojni čimbenici koji mogu predisponirati osobu za postupni razvoj disfunkcije sakroilijakalnih zglobova. Liječenje i dijagnoza disfunkcije jedan je od najizazovnijih problema s kojima se suočavaju liječnici stoga se primjenjuju različite vrste terapija koje uključuju intraartikularne injekcije, fizioterapijske vježbe, manualnu terapiju, ortoze i kirurško liječenje kao zadnja opcija.Sacroiliac joint dysfunction is a condition that causes pain in the lumbar spine. The sacroiliac joint is a structure that connects the spine and the pelvic girdle and is located between the joint surface of the os ilium and the sacral joint surface. Its position significantly affects the biomechanics of movement and its primary function is to absorb and transmit force from the spine to the pelvic girdle. In addition, it is also responsible for facilitating childbirth in women. Dysfunction of the sacroiliac joints causes pain in the area of the sacroiliac joints and glutes, but it can also spread to the hip area, the back of the upper leg or the spine. It most often develops in athletes and the elderly. The most common mechanism of injury to the sacroiliac joints is a combination of axial load and sudden rotation. There are two primary mechanisms of dysfunction in the sacroiliac joints, namely hypermobility and hypomobility. Other mechanisms of sacroiliac dysfunction can be intra-articular and extra-articular. In addition to etiological sources, there are numerous factors that can predispose a person to the gradual development of dysfunction of the sacroiliac joints. The treatment and diagnosis of dysfunction is one of the most challenging problems faced by doctors, therefore various types of therapy are applied, including intra-articular injections, physiotherapy exercises, manual therapy, orthoses and surgical treatment as a last option
SPECIFICS OF PHYSIOTHERAPY TREATMENT AFTER MASTECTOMY
No full textRak dojke je maligno oboljenje stanica unutar dojke i najučestalije je maligno oboljenje u žena. Može biti invazivnog i neinvazivnog oblika, s metastazama ili bez. Liječenje je uspješnije što se ranije otkrije, a u tome su bitni redoviti mamografski pregledi nakon četrdesete godine života i samopregledi dojke. Jedan od oblika liječenja je kirurški zahvat ili mastektomija, gdje se odstranjuje cijela ili dio dojke, uz kombinaciju zračenja, kemoterapije ili imunoterapije. Važan dio liječenja obuhvaća rehabilitacija. Nakon standardnog liječenja raka dojke može doći do promjena na tijelu poput pojave limfedema, smanjene pokretljivosti i funkcionalnosti ruke na strani rakom zahvaćene dojke i promjene u posturalnom držanju. Fizioterapijskim tretmanom želimo prevenirati ili smanjiti posljedice koje se javljaju, ponovno uspostaviti tjelesnu funkciju, pokretljivost gornjih ekstremiteta i povećati kvalitetu života. Za liječenje limfedema, koji se može pojaviti i godinama nakon mastektomije primjenjuje se kompletna dekongestivna terapija.Breast cancer is a malignant cell diesase inside the breast and is the most common malignant diesase in women. It can be invasive and non.invasive, with or without metastazes. Treatment is more successful as soon as possible, and regular mammographical examinations afterafter the age of 40 and breast self-examination are important here. One form of treatment is surgery or mastectomy where all or part of a breast is removed with a combination of radiation, chemotherapy or immunotherapy. An important part of the treatment covers rehabilitation. After standard breast cancer treatment, there are changes that can occur in the body such as the emergence of lymphedem, reduced mobility and hand functionalitiy on the affected breast side and changes in postural holding. With physiotherapy treatment we want to prevent or reduce the consequences taht occur, restore physical function, movement of the upper limbs and increase quality of life. Complex decongestive therapy is used to treat lymphedem, which may occur for years after the mastectomy
THE IMPORTANCE OF DIGITAL MARKETING IN TIMES OF CRISIS
No full textDigitalni je marketing relativno mlada grana ekonomije. Usprkos tome što reklama i oglašavanje postoje otkad je i čovjeka, brzi razvoj tehnologije ostvario je velik utjecaj na stvaranje novih marketinških strategija. Zahvaljujući novim mogućnostima koje nam tehnologija pruža, marketing postaje sve više fokusiran na pružanje unikatnog iskustva svojim potrošačima i korisnicima. Uzevši to u obzir, može se zaključiti kako se digitalni marketing uvelike razlikuje od tradicionalnog. U doba digitalnog marketinga, naglasak je stavljen na stvaranu trajne emocionalne povezanosti između kupca i branda. Kako bi se ostvarila ta emocionalna povezanost koriste se tehnike poput promoviranja branda putem influencera s kojim njegova publika ima razvijenu određenu emocionalnu vezu. Osim toga, moguće je za kupca stvoriti i unikatno iskustvo putem posebno prilagođenih proizvoda za njegove potrebe ili putem raznih pogodnosti koje možete ostvariti ukoliko postane stalni korisnik. Posebna iskustva i emocionalna povezanost mogu imati značajnu ulogu u vrijeme krize kada su ljudi emocionalno i mentalno najranjiviji. Upravo se stvaranjem dugoročne veze s potrošačem putem digitalnog marketinga može prebroditi ekonomska kriza u kojoj se brend nalazi. Iako se donedavno mnogi ne bi složili s tim da je marketing ključan u kriznim vremenima, u moderno doba svjedoci smo upravo toga koliko ključan za opstanak i profit brenda u krizi on može biti.Digital marketing is a relatively young branch of the economy. Despite the fact that advertising has existed since the dawn of man, the rapid development of technology has had a great impact on the creation of new marketing strategies. Thanks to the new possibilities that technology offers us, marketing is becoming more and more focused on providing a unique experience to its consumers and customers. With that in mind, it can be concluded that digital marketing is very different from traditional marketing. In the age of digital marketing, the emphasis is on creating a lasting emotional connection between the customer and the brand. In order to achieve this emotional connection, techniques such as promoting the brand through influencers with whom its audience has developed a certain emotional connection are used. In addition, it is possible to create a unique shopping experience through specially adapted products for his needs or through various benefits that you can get if you become a permanent user. Special experiences and emotional connection can play a significant role in times of crisis when people are most emotionally and mentally vulnerable. It is precisely by creating a longterm relationship with the consumer through digital marketing that the economic crisis in which the brand finds itself can be overcome. Although until recently, many would not agree with the fact that marketing is crucial in times of crisis, in modern times we are witnessing exactly how crucial it can be for the survival and profit of a brand in a crisis
LIGHT POLLUTION
No full textZaštitom okoliša osigurava se cjelovito očuvanje kakvoće okoliša, očuvanje bio raznolikosti i krajobrazne raznolikosti te Geo raznolikosti, racionalno korištenje prirodnih dobara i energije na najpovoljniji način za okoliš, kao osnovni uvjet zdravog života i temelj koncepta održivog razvitka. Okoliš je dobro od interesa za Republiku Hrvatsku i ima njezinu osobitu zaštitu. Zahvatima u okoliš smije se utjecati na kakvoću življenja, zdravlje ljudi, biljni i životinjski svijet u okvirima održivog razvitka. Cjelovito upravljanje zaštitom okoliša provodi se na način da se ostvari održivi razvitak sukladno Zakonu o zaštiti okoliša i posebnim propisima. Cjelovito upravljanje zaštitom okoliša je skup povezanih i usklađenih odluka i mjera kojima je svrha ostvarivanje jedinstvene zaštite okoliša, izbjegavanje i smanjivanje rizika po okoliš te poboljšavanje i ostvarivanje učinkovite zaštite okoliša. Domino efekt je niz povezanih učinaka koji zbog međusobnog razmještaja i blizine postrojenja, odnosno dijelova postrojenja ili grupe postrojenja i količina opasnih tvari prisutnih u tim postrojenjima povećavaju mogućnost izbijanja velike nesreće ili pogoršavaju posljedice nastale nesreće. Dozvole prema posebnim propisima su dozvole za rad, u pisanom obliku, čitavog postrojenja ili jednog njegovog dijela ili postrojenja za izgaranje, postrojenja za spaljivanje otpada ili postrojenja za suspaljivanje otpada prema posebnim propisima, a koje se izdaju temeljem nadležnosti za posebnu sastavnicu okoliša ili za posebnu djelatnost u vezi s okolišem. Ekološka mreža je sustav međusobno povezanih ili prostorno bliskih ekološki značajnih područja, koja uravnoteženom biogeografskom raspoređenošću značajno pridonose očuvanju prirodne ravnoteže i bioraznolikosti; utvrđuje se prema posebnom propisu iz područja zaštite prirode.Environmental protection ensures integrated preservation of environmental quality, biodiversity conservation and landscape diversity and geodiversity, rational use of natural resources and energy in an environmentally sound manner, as a basic condition for a healthy life and the foundation of the concept of sustainable development. The environment is of special interest for the Republic of Croatia and enjoys its special protection. Interventions in the environment must not affect the quality of life, human health, wild life within the framework of sustainable development. A comprehensive environmental management is conducted in a way to achieve sustainable development in accordance with the Environmental Protection Act and special regulations. A comprehensive environmental management is a set of related and harmonized decisions and measures aimed at realizing a single environment, avoiding and reducing the risks to the environment and to improve the achievement of effective environmental protection. Domino effect is a series of related affects that due to the mutual location and proximity of the plant, or parts of the plant or group of plants and the amount of hazardous substances present in these plants increase the possibility of a major accident or worsen the consequences of the accident. Permits according to special regulations are permits for operation, in writing, of all or part of it or incineration plant, waste incineration plant or waste co-incineration plant according to special regulations, which are issued on the basis of competence for a special environmental component or for special environmental activities. Ecological network is a system of interconnected or spatially close ecologically important areas, biogeographic balance substantially contribute to conservation of biodiversity and natural balance; is determined according to a special regulation in the field of nature protection
AGRICULTURE OF EU
No full textPoljoprivreda se smatra najvažnijom djelatnošću vezanu za prehranu stanovništva jer se otvaraju poljoprivredna gospodarstava koja proizvode prehrambene proizvode većinom životinjskih i biljnih vrsta. Uzimajući u obzir početak poljoprivrede iz prošlosti, gubi se zainteresiranost za obavljanjem te vrste posla, a izrazito je to kod mladih. Upravo tu kreću problemi i Europska unija djeluje u cilju promjene toga za dobrobit i budućnost čovječanstva. Zajednička poljoprivredna politika omogućuje svim članicama EU jednake zakone i propise te isto tako omogućuje to i Republici Hrvatskoj koja se prije nešto manje od deset godina učlanila u Europsku uniju. Za razliku od drugih članica, Republika Hrvatska ima dobre uvjete za proizvodnjom poljoprivrednih proizvoda, no potrebno je početi pratiti korak sa Europskom unijom kako bi se smanjio broj uvoznih proizvoda, a povećala količina domaćih proizvoda na policama trgovina. Također, važno je stvoriti konkurentnost koja će poticati kvalitetnije proizvode, a potrošačima omogućiti veći izbor domaćih proizvoda.Agriculture is considered to be the most important activity related to feeding the population, as farms are established that produce food products mainly from animal and plant species. Given the importance of agriculture in the past, interest in this type of work has declined, particularly among young people. This decline in interest is at the root of the problem and the European Union is working hard to change this for the benefit of humanity and its future. EU’s Common Agricultural Policy enables all EU members, including the Republic of Croatia, which joined the European Union less than ten years ago, to have the same laws and regulations. Unlike other member states, the Republic of Croatia has favourable agricultural production conditions, but it must keep pace with the European Union in order to reduce the number of imported products and increase the number of domestic products on supermarket shelves. It is also critical to foster competition in order to encourage higher-quality products and provide consumers with a wider range of domestic options
ELECTRONIC BUSINESS ANALYSIS USING THE EXAMPLE OF BELJE LTD
No full textPredmet ovoga rada je definiranje informacijske tehnologije koja je danas postala sve prisutna u poslovanju poduzeća i to na praktičnom primjeru poduzeća Belje Plus d.o.o.. Sve većom globalizacijom i otvaranjem tržišta, rastom globalnog tržišta te sve većeg broja trgovanja došlo je do stvaranja uvjeta za primjenu informacijske tehnologije. Cilj rada je kroz teorijski pristup definirati važnost implementacije informacijske tehnologije i njezinih inovacija u svakodnevnom funkcioniranju poduzeća Belje Plus d.o.o. kao i analizu poslovanja navedenog poduzeća te mogućnosti poboljšanja informacijskog sustava definirali smo problematiku analize informacijskog sustava poduzeća Belje Plus d.o.o., te na osnovu dobivenih podataka su ponuđena nova rješenja kao i navođenje podataka vezanih uz sadašnji informacijski sustav. Poduzeće Belje Plus d.o.o. koristi modernu informacijsku tehnologiju uz kvalitetan ljudski kadar u poduzeću.Subject and goal of this work is defining information tehnology which is today became increasingly present in the business and on a practical example of the company Belje Plus d.o.o.. With the increasing globalization and opening of the market, the growth of the global market and the increasing number of trading, the conditions for the application of information technology have been created. The goal of this work is to define the importance of the implementation of information technology and its innovations in the daily functioning of the company Belje Plus d.o.o. as well as the analysis of the business of the said company and the possibilities of improving the information system. We have defined the issue of the analysis of the information system of the company Belje Plus d.o.o. and on the basis of the obtained data, new solutions were offered, as well as listing data related to the current information system. The company Belje Plus d.o.o. uses modern information technology with quality human resources in the company
THE DEVELOPMENT OF HUMANE AND DEMOCRATIC SOCIETY BY VOLUNTEERING
No full textU ovom radu kratko je predstavljena povijest i nastanak volonterstva, te detaljno razrađen pojam volonterstva, temeljnih načela, motiviranja volontera te primjeri volontiranja u Republici Hrvatskoj i drugim državama članicama Europske Unije. Pritom je svrha rada bila istražiti utjecaj volonterstva na razvoj humanog i demokratskog društva te pobliže objasniti ulogu volontera i njihovu važnost u suvremenom društvu.This paper contains briefly explained history and the origin of volunteering. The definition of volunteering, basic principles, motivation and examples of volunteering in Republic of Croatia and member states of European Union are thoroughly explained. The main purpose of this paper was to see how volunteering affects the development of humane and democratic society and to explain the importance of volunteers in modern society
ECOLOGICAL POLICY OF CROATIA
No full textZnajući kakve nas prirodne nepogode sve češće pogađaju, kroz ovaj rad proteže se jedna od glavnih tema u posljednje vrijeme, a to je ekološka politika. Sve veći broj poplava, požara, zagađenja mora i zraka samo su neki od problema s kojima se susreće naš okoliš, stoga je bitno pravilno i na vrijeme utjecati u korist zaštite okoliša i prirode. U Republici Hrvatskoj, zaštita okoliša sve je češće jedno od značajnijih područja interesa. Zato je Hrvatska sve uspješnija u provođenju pravnih normi u očuvanju okoliša. Tome je pridonijela i Europska unija, jer je Hrvatskoj (kao i ostalim zemljama) obaveza uskladiti svoje zakonodavstvo u vezi zaštite okoliša sa zakonodavstvom Europske unije. Hrvatska je imala velike izazove kroz osiguravanje pravilne provedbe zaštite okoliša. Zakon o zaštiti prirode u svome zakonodavstvu je zaštitio vrijednosne dijelove žive i nežive prirode.Knowing what natural disasters are affecting us more and more often, one of the main topics of recent times is environmental policy, extends through this paper. The growing number of floods, fires, marine and air pollution are just some of the problems facing our environment, so it is important to properly and in a timely manner to influence the protection of the environment and nature. In the Republic of Croatia, environmental protection is increasingly one of the most important areas of interest. That is why Croatia is increasingly successful in enforcing legal norms in environmental protection. The European Union has also contributed to this, as Croatia (as well as other countries) is obliged to harmonize its legislation on environmental protection with the legislation of the European Union. Croatia has faced major challenges in ensuring the proper implementation of environmental protection. The Nature Protection Act in its legislation has protected the valuable parts of living and non-living nature
POSSIBILITIES OF PHYSIOTHERAPY IN REMOVING SENSORY DISORDERS OF NEUROLOGIC PATIENT
No full textS porastom starije populacije povećava se incidencija neuroloških bolesti. One za posljedicu imaju razna oštećenja mozga što se odražava na kompletno funkcioniranje osobe. Najčešće neurološke bolesti su moždani udar, polineuropatije i multipla skleroza te Parkinsonova i Alzheimerova bolest koje sa sobom, pored oštećenja ostalih sustava, donose i oštećenja senzornog sustava. Njihova pojava u oboljenjima se razlikuje. Može zahvatiti sustave za dodir, sluh, vid, okuse i mirise te vestibularni i proprioceptivni sustav. Senzorni sustav povezan je uvelike sa proprioceptivnim, te svako njegovo oštećenje utjecat će na mogućnost kretanja osobe. U terapiji osim klasičnih fizioterapijskih intervencija bitnu ulogu ima neuroplastičnost mozga koja ponavljanjem poznatih radnji pacijentu pruža reorganizaciju mozga. Ispadi senzoričkih funkcija česti su kod neuroloških bolesti. Nakon moždanog udara očituju se kod „Pusher sindroma“, zanemarivanja te neuropatske boli. Kod multiple skleroze najčešći su ispadi vidnog polja, taktilnih poremećaja i termoreceptora. Pored dva najčešća oboljenja neurološkog sustava, mogu se javiti senzorički ispadi kod parapareza te perifernih polineuropatija. Svakoj disfunkciji senzornog sustava kod neuroloških bolesti pridružene su fizioterapijske intervencije za otklanjanje navedenih osjetnih poremećaja. Sve fizioterapijske intervencije usko su povezane sa održavanjem ravnoteže i hoda te je glavni cilj rehabilitacije otklanjanje senzoričkih poteškoća u svrhu poboljšanja ravnoteže i hoda.A large increase in the elderly population results in a large number of neurological diseases. They cause various brain damage, which affects a person's full functioning. The most common neurological diseases are stroke, polyneuropathies and multiple sclerosis, as well as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases, which lead to a disorder of the sensory system. Their occurrence in diseases varies. It can affect the touch, hearing, sight, taste and smell systems, as well as the vestibular and proprioceptive systems. The sensory system is largely connected to the proprioceptive system, so any damage will affect a person's ability to move. In therapy, in addition to classic physiotherapy interventions, neuroplasticity of the brain plays an important role, which provides the patient with brain reorganization by repeating familiar actions. Outbreaks of sensory functions are common in neurological diseases. After a stroke, they manifest themselves in "Pusher" syndrome, neglect and neuropathic pain. In multiple sclerosis, visual field, tactile disturbances and thermoreceptors are the most common. In addition to the two most common diseases of the neurological system, sensory disturbances can occur in paraparesis and peripheral polyneuropathies. Each dysfunction of the sensory system in neurological diseases is accompanied by physiotherapy interventions to eliminate sensory disorders. All physiotherapy interventions are closely related to maintaining balance and gait, and the main goal of rehabilitation is to eliminate sensory difficulties in order to improve balance and gait