Repository of Polytechnic Lavoslav Ružička Vukovar
Not a member yet
1675 research outputs found
Sort by
MARKETING STRATEGIES IN THE PERIOD OF ECONOMIC CRISIS
No full textGospodarska kriza koja se u literaturi često još naziva i ekonomska kriza odnosi se na zastoj odnosno pad gospodarske djelatnosti. Pad gospodarske djelatnosti ima teške posljedice na brojne faktore kao što su razina proizvodnje, dohodak ili zaposlenost. Obilježja gospodarske krize su pretrpanost neprodane robe, pad cijena, pad vrijednosti vrijednosnica, rast kamatnih stopa, nelikvidnost, stečaji, zaustavljanje investicija, otpuštanje radnika, smanjenje korištenja proizvodnih kapaciteta i tome slično. Prethodno opisana situacija stvara brojne probleme na lokalnoj ili pak globalnoj razini jer dolazi do pogoršanja općeg stanja gospodarstva. Sami uzroci gospodarske krize mogu biti brojni, a kao najčešće uzroke gospodarske krize navode se politički uzroci, financijski, prekidi trgovinskih tokova te tome slično. Ovaj rad teorijski objašnjava gospodarsku krizu, navodi glavne ekonomske krize koje su se dogodile kroz povijest te njihov utjecaj na poslovanje. Kako bi poduzeće opstalo na tržištu, potrebno je korištenje brojnih strategija koje predstavljaju način borbe s konkurencijom uz definiranje konkurentskih prednosti poduzeća te realiziranja zadanih strategija. U razdoblju gospodarske krize od iznimnog značaja su dobro postavljene strategije za svako poduzeće stoga ovaj rad navodi strategije koje je poželjno primjenjivati za vrijeme gospodarske krize. Dio rada bavi se opisivanjem marketinških strategija na konkretnom primjeru poduzeća Zalando SE za vrijeme posljednje krize uzrokovane Covidom-19.An economic crisis, which is often also called an economic crisis in the literature, refers to the stagnation or decline of economic activity. A decline in economic activity has severe consequences for numerous factors such as the level of production, income, or employment. The characteristics of an economic crisis are a glut of unsold goods, a fall in prices, a fall in the value of securities, an increase in interest rates, illiquidity, bankruptcies, stoppage of investments, dismissal of workers, reduction in the use of production capacity, and the like. The previously described situation creates numerous problems at the local or global level because the general state of the economy deteriorates. The causes of the economic crisis themselves can be numerous, and the most common causes of the economic crisis are political, financial, interruptions in trade flows, and the like. This paper theoretically explains the economic crisis and lists the main economic crises that have occurred throughout history and their impact on business. For the company to survive in the market, it is necessary to use numerous strategies that represent a way of fighting the competition while defining the company's competitive advantages and implementing the given strategies. In a period of economic crisis, well-laid strategies for every company are extremely important, therefore this paper lists the strategies that should be applied during the economic crisis. Part of the paper deals with describing marketing strategies on the concrete example of the company Zalando SE during the last crisis caused by Covid-19
BEER AS A MERCHANDISE
No full textPivo, uz vodu, kavu i čaj, danas je jedno od najkonzumiranijih pića u svijetu. Ovaj naizgled jednostavan napitak proizveden iz četiri glavna sastojka: slada, hmelja, vode i kvasca kroz svoj proizvodni proces broji brojne korake koji osiguravaju njegovu kvalitetu, prepoznatljiv gorkasti okus i ugodnu svježinu. Pri njegovoj proizvodnji treba obratiti pažnju na mnoge čimbenike koji utječu na njegovu trajnost, kvalitetu, aromu, boju, punoću i svježinu. Zanimljivo je kako i najmanje razlike u preradi ove četiri sirovine stvaraju toliko velik broj vrsta piva i prepoznatljivih okusa pojedinih proizvođača te kako najmanja promjena, primjerice u tvrdoći vode, može značajno utjecati na okus konačnog proizvoda. Međutim, samo umijeće manipulacije ove četiri namirnice daleko je od dovoljnog za stvaranje piva koje će doživjeti uspjeh na tržištu. Prepoznatljivost, kvaliteta i uspjeh pojedinog piva ne leži isključivo u njegovoj izradi, već i u kreativnosti i domišljatosti pri kreiranju atraktivne i zanimljive ambalaže, slogana, loga, promotivnih materijala i ostalih marketinških sadržaja koje gotovi proizvod čine kvalitetnim i prepoznatljivim.Beer, alongside water, coffee, and tea, today is one of the most consumed beverages in the world. This seemingly simple drink, made out of four main ingredients: malt, hop, water, and yeast, counts multiple steps throughout its production process that ensure its quality, distinguishing bitter flavor and pleasant freshness. During its production, it’s important to pay attention to various factors which actively affect its permanence, quality, flavor, color, fullness, and freshness. It’s interesting how even the smallest differences in the processing of these four resources make such a great spectrum of different types of beer and distinguishing tastes attributed to individual manufacturers and how even the smallest change, such as using the different hardness of water, can significantly affect the flavor of the final product. However, the mere art skill of manipulation with these four ingredients is far from enough when it comes to creating a product that will thrive in the market. The distinctness, quality, and success of individual beer aren’t only in its preparation but also in creativity and ingenuity in creating attractive and interesting packaging, slogan, logo, promotional materials, and other marketing content that make the quality and profile of the finished product
OUTCOMES OF HIP ARTHROPLASTY: A CASE REPORT
No full textSve se češće dijagnosticira osteoartritis kuka kod ljudi, a prema Svjetskoj zdravstvenoj organizaciji do 2050. godine će oko 130 milijuna ljudi bolovati od osteoartritisa, a predviđa se da će čak 40 milijuna ljudi biti onesposobljeno. Kao glavni simptom javlja se bol u predjelu kuka i prepona, a opseg pokreta u zglobu kuka je znatno smanjen. Zbog prisutnosti boli, ljudi su ograničeni u svojim svakodnevnim životnim aktivnostima. Liječenje može biti farmakološko, konzervativno i operativno, a fizioterapija je sastavni dio liječenja ovih bolesnika. Fizikalna terapija razvija, održava i obnavlja pokretljivost te funkcionalne sposobnosti. Ona podrazumijeva primjenu fizikalnih agensa u svrhu liječenja i rehabilitacije bolesnika. Cilj fizikalne terapije je smanjiti ili otkloniti bol, povećati opseg pokreta u zglobu, omogućiti pacijentu rad svakodnevnih životnih aktivnosti te dostizanje nezavisnosti pacijenta. Sve većim napredovanjem medicine, pacijentima je omogućeno da se nakon operacije vrate svojim svakodnevnim životnim aktivnostima.Osteoarthritis of the hip is being diagnosed more and more often in people and according to the World Health Organization, by 2050, about 130 milion people will suffer from osteoarthritis, and it is predicted that as many as 40 milion people will be disabled. The main symptom is pain in the hip and groin area, and the range of motion in the hip joints is significantly reduced. Due to the presence of pain, people are limited in their daily life activities. Treatmen can be pharmacological, conservative and operative, and physiotherapy is an integral part of the treatment of these patients. Physical therapy develops, maintains and restores mobility and functional abilities. It includes the application of physical agents for the purpose of treatmentand rehabilitation of patients. The goal of physical therapy is to reduce or eliminate pain, increase the range of motions in the joint, enable the patient to perform daily life activities and achieve the patient's independence. With the increasing advancement of medicine, patients are enable to return to their daily life activities after surgery
FREQUENCY OF BACK PAIN IN RUNNERS
No full textUvod: Bolovi u leđima se rjeđe javljaju kod trkača nego kod drugih sportaša. Cilj ovog rada jest prikazati koliko se često bolovi javljaju i kod koje vrste sportaša, uspoređivani su profesionalni i rekreativni sportaši, kao i muškarci i žene. Metode: Istraživanje je provedeno od 18. svibnja do 1. lipnja 2023. godine putem anketnog upitnika namijenjenog trkačima, na uzorku od 105 ispitanika. Rezultati: Pomoću Fisher's exact testa izračunata je pozitivna korelacija prilikom usporedbe profesionalnih i rekreativnih trkača po učestalosti bolova. Hi-kvadrat test pokazao je da nema statistički značajne razlike kada se uspoređuju bolovi između profesionalnih i rekreativnih trkača prema vremenu bavljenja trčanjem. Isto tako Hi-kvadrat test pokazao je da nema statistički značajne razlike između muškaraca i žena po učestalosti bolova u leđima tijekom trčanja i tijekom obavljanja drugih sportskih aktivnosti, dok značajno više muškaraca i značajno manje žena nema bolove tijekom obavljanja svakodnevnih aktivnosti. Nije pronađena statistički značajna razlika između indeksa tjelesne mase i boli na numeričkoj ljestvici. Rasprava: Prema podacima postoji značajna razlika između profesionalnih i rekreativnih trkača samo kod učestalosti pojave bolova. Nema značajne razlike kada ih uspoređujemo po duljini vremena bavljenja trčanjem, kao ni usporedba po spolu. Nema povezanosti između indeksa tjelesne mase i boli na numeričkoj ljestvici. Zaključak: Potrebno je provesti daljnja istraživanja kako bi se utvrdila pod kojim okolnostima češće nastaju bolovi kod profesionalnih trkača nego kod rekreativnih.Introduction: Back pain occurs less frequently in runners than in other athletes. The aim of this paper is to show how often pain occurs and in which type of athlete, professional and recreational athletes, as well as men and women, were compared. Methods: The research was conducted from May 18 to June 1, 2023, using a questionnaire intended for runners, on a sample of 105 respondents. Results: Using the Fisher's exact test, a positive correlation was calculated when comparing professional and recreational runners by frequency of pain. The chi-square test showed that there is no statistically significant difference when comparing pain between professional and recreational runners according to the time of running. Likewise, the Chi-square test showed that there is no statistically significant difference between men and women in the frequency of back pain during running and during other sports activities, while significantly more men and significantly fewer women do not have pain during everyday activities. No statistically significant difference was found between body mass index and pain on the numerical scale. Discussion: According to the data, there is a significant difference between professional and recreational runners only in the frequency of pain. There is no significant difference when we compare them in terms of the length of time spent running, as well as the comparison by gender. There is no association between body mass index and pain on a numerical scale. Conclusion: It is necessary to conduct further research in order to determine under what circumstances pain occurs more often in professional runners than in recreational runners
EMPLOYMENT IN LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENT AND THE IMPORTANCE OF TRAINING FOR THE PERFORMANCE OF OFFICIAL DUTIES
No full textZa obavljanje poslova iz samoupravnog djelokruga jedinica lokalne i područne (regionalne) samouprave ustrojavaju se upravni odjeli i službe. U njima rade službenici i namještenici koji se zapošljavaju na temelju rješenja o prijmu u službu. Zakon o službenicima i namještenicima u lokalnoj i područnoj (regionalnoj) samoupravi regulira prijam u službu te prava, obveze i odgovornosti službenika i namještenika. Hrvatski javni sektor čine sljedeće organizacijske forme: državna tijela, lokalna samouprava te pravne osobe s javnim ovlastima. Pravo na lokalnu samoupravu zajamčeno je Ustavom Republike Hrvatske koji uz sebe veže još jednu odredbu, utvrđenje podjele vlasti na zakonodavnu, izvršnu i sudbenu.Administrative departments and services are established to perform tasks within the self – governing scope of local and regional self – government units. The Croatian public sector consists of the following organizational forms: state bodies, local self – government and legal entities with public powers. The right to local self – government is guaranteed by the Constitution of the Republic of Croatia, which includes another provision, regulating the division of state power into legislative, executive and judicial
DYNAMIC NEUROMUSCULAR STABILIZATION IN SPORT
No full textDinamička neuromuskularna stabilizacija (DNS) je neurofiziološki pristup koji koristi ljudske ontogenetske modele (npr., razvojne motoričke obrasce) koje sveobuhvatno upotrebljava u procjeni, liječenju, vježbanju i stvaranju funkcionalnih strategija s naglaskom na poštivanje načela razvojne kineziologije kod postavljanja dijagnoze i liječenja disfunkcije lokomotornog sustava kod novorođenčadi, dojenčadi i odraslih. Da bi pokret bio moguć i učinkovit potrebna je „centralna stabilnost za distalnu mobilnost“. Postizanje i održavanje stabilnosti zahtjeva obavaljanje složenih neuromotornih procesa prije svake ciljane radnje, kao i rad cjelokupnog mišićnog lanca. U tome svemu veliku ulogu imaju abdominalna i zdjelična dijafragma zajedno sa ostalim dubokim mišićima trupa. Uz disanje imaju i antigravitacijsku ulogu s čime izravno utječe na posturalnu kontrolu. Pravovremena i ravnomjerna aktivacija mišića ISSS – a direktno utječe na centraciju zglobova i to doprinosi dobroj posturalnoj kontroli odnosno stabilnosti. S obzirom na to da DNS ne služi samo za rehabilitaciju osobe, već se njime mogu optimizirati pokreti i prevenirati ozljede ovaj rad je imao za cilj utvrditi njegovu praktičnost u primjeni, učinkovitost i sveobuhvatnost u sportu.Dynamic Neuromuscular Stabilization (DNS) is a neurophysiological approach that uses human ontogenetic models (eg, developmental motor patterns) that is used comprehensively in the assessment, treatment, exercise, and creation of functional strategies with an emphasis on following the principles of developmental kinesiology in the diagnosis and treatment of locomotor system dysfunction. in newborns, infants and adults. In order for movement to be possible and effective, "central stability for distal mobility" is needed. Achieving and maintaining stability requires performing complex neuromotor processes before each targeted action, as well as the work of the entire muscle chain. Abdominal and pelvic diaphragm together with other deep trunk muscles play a big role in all of this. In addition to breathing, they also have an anti-gravity role, which directly affects postural control. Timely and even activation of the ISSS muscles directly affects the centering of the joints and this contributes to good postural control or stability. Given that DNS is not only used to rehabilitate a person, but it can also be used to optimize movements and prevent injuries, this paper aimed to determine its practicality in application, effectiveness and comprehensiveness in sports
STARTING AN ENTREPRENEURIAL VENTURE BASED ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE COMPANY "TB"
No full textPokretanje poduzetničkog pothvata se odnosi na proces stvaranja i razvoja novog poslovnog pothvata ili inicijative s ciljem ostvarivanja profita ili postizanja drugih ciljeva. Proces u kojem se poslovna ideja transformira u uspješan poduzetnički pothvat je zahtijevan proces ulaganja vremena, napora, istraživanja te preuzimanja rizika poduzetnika. Cilj rada je, kroz metodologiju poslovnog plana, prikazati proces osnivanja novog poduzeća. „TB“ je marketinško poduzeće koje se bavi pružanjem usluga savjetovanja u vezi s poslovanjem i upravljanjem, marketingom, organizacijom sastanaka, odnosa s javnošću te pružanjem administrativnih usluga. Provedeno istraživanje pokazuje kako poduzeće ima kupce svojih usluga, ostvaruje dobit u svim promatranim godinama poslovanja te ima velike šanse za uspjeh na tržištu.Starting an entrepreneurial venture refers to the process of creating and developing a new business venture or initiative with the aim of making a profit or achieving other goals. The process in which a business idea is transformed into a successful entrepreneurial venture is a demanding process of investment of time, effort, research and risk-taking by the entrepreneur. The aim of the paper is to present the process of establishing a new company through the methodology of a business plan. "TB" is a marketing company engaged in the provision of consulting services related to business and management, marketing, organization of meetings, public relations and provision of administrative services. The conducted research shows that the company has customers for its services, makes a profit in all observed years of operation and has a great chance of success on the market
NURSING CARE FOR ELDERLY PEOPLE
No full textPrema svjetskoj zdravstvenoj organizaciji starijim se osobama smatraju svi oni iznad 65 godina života. U starijoj dobi dolazi do raznih fizioloških promjena koje su konačni rezultat funkcijske promjene i starenja organizma. Starije osobe često obolijevaju od raznih kroničnih bolesti koje zahtijevaju hospitalizaciju i sestrinsku skrb. Proces sestrinske skrbi složena je, racionalna i logična metoda zasnovana na znanju i maksimalno je prilagođena zadovoljavanju individualnih potreba pacijenta i utvrđivanju i rješavanju pacijentovih problema. Zadatak medicinske sestre je da individualno pristupi svakom pacijentu i u skladu s tim planira njegu usmjerenu na individualne potrebe. Pacijentu je prilagodba na bolničke uvjete često teška i duga zbog nepoznate okoline i osoblja te promjene svakodnevne rutine. Potrebno je upoznati ga sa novom okolinom i izuzetno je važno stvoriti povjerenje između pacijenta i medicinske sestre što će uvelike olakšati njegov boravak u bolnici, a time i oporavak.According to the World Health Organization, all those over 65 are considered elderly. In old age, there are various physiological changes that are the final result of functional changes and aging of the organism. Elderly people often suffer from various chronic diseases that require hospitalization and nursing care. The process of nursing care is a complex, rational and logical method based on knowledge. Furthermore, it is maximally adapted to meet the individual needs of the patient and to determine and solve the patient's problems. The nurse's task is to approach each patient individually and to plan patient's care focused on individual needs accordingly. For the patient adaptation to hospital conditions is often difficult and long due to the unfamiliar environment, staff and the change in daily routine. It is necessary that he becomes familiar with the new environment and it is extremely important to create trust between the patient and the nurse, which will make his stay in the hospital, and thus recovery, easier
PREOPERATIVE PHYSHIOTHERAPY PREPARATION AND POSTOPERATIVE REHABILITATION IN PATIENTS WITH CARDIAC DISEASES
No full textKardiovaskularne bolesti, posebno moždani udar i ishemična bolest srca, su vodeći uzroci smrti diljem svijeta. Čimbenici rizika koja utječu na nastanak kardioloških bolesti su pušenje, stres, nepravilna prehrana, tjelesna neaktivnost, pretilost, dijabetes, hipertenzija i hiperlipidemija. Liječenje se dijeli na konzervativno i operativno, a kod operativnog liječenja bitnu ulogu ima fizioterapeut u preoperativnoj pripremi i postoperativnoj fizioterapiji. Fizioterapijski aspekt preoperativne pripreme čine vježbe disanja, posturalna drenaža te edukacija, a glavna joj je uloga prevencija postoperativnih komplikacija, posebno komplikacija respiratornog sustava zbog čega se i provode vježbe disanja te drenaža. Postoperativna rehabilitacija se dijeli na tri faze s pripadajućim fizioterapijskim intervencijama. Cilj je vratiti pacijenta aktivnostima svakodnevnog života te povećati kvalitetu života pacijenta. Rehabilitacija se ne završava sa zadnjom, trećom fazom postoperativne rehabilitacije, nego traje cijeli život.Cardiovascular diseases, especially stroke and ischemic heart disease, are the leading cause of death worldwide. Risk factors that have a major part on development of cardiovascular disease are smoking, stress, unhealthy diet, not being physicaly active, diabetes, hypertension and hyperlipidemia. Treatment is divided into conservative and operative treatment. Physhiotherapist has a major role in preoperative preparation and postoperative physhiotherapy. Physhiotherapy aspect of preoperative preparation includes respiration exercises, postural drainage and education. Major role of preoperative preparation is prevention of postoperative complications, especially complications of respiratory system. That is why respiratory exercises and postural drainage are included. Postoperative rehabilitation is divided into 3 phases and each phase has its own physhiotherapy interventions. The goal is to bring the patient back to its daily life activities and to increase the patient’s quality of life. Rehabilitation is not over with the third phase of postoperative rehabilitation. It lasts whole life
FREQUENCY AND PREVENTION OF FALLS IN PATIENTS AFTER STROKE
No full textPrevencija padova kod bolesnika nakon preboljenog moždanog udara iznimno je važna kako bi se smanjio rizik od dodatnih ozljeda i komplikacija te poboljšao oporavak. Moždani udar može dovesti do različitih fizičkih i kognitivnih promjena te su padovi kod takvih stanja vrlo česti i mogu imati ozbiljne posljedice. Postoje brojni rizični čimbenici koji mogu dovesti do pada poput dobi, spola, poremećaja ravnoteže, slabosti mišića, nepovoljne okoline i mnogih drugih stanja koja se javljaju kao posljedica moždanog udara. U procjeni rizika od pada najčešće se koriste različite skale i testovi koji pomažu u prevenciji, ali ne mogu u potpunosti predvidjeti pad (npr. Tinetti skala, Bergova skala balansa, TUG test...). Prevencija padova zahtijeva multidisciplinarni pristup koji uključuje zdravstvene radnike, obitelji i same bolesnike. S adekvatnom procjenom, prilagodbom okoline i odgovarajućom rehabilitacijom, rizik od pada može se značajno smanjiti, što pridonosi boljoj kvaliteti života i uspješnijem oporavku bolesnika. Neke od najčešćih intervencija koje se koriste su vježbe ravnoteže i balansa, vježbe za jačanje mišića koji pridonose boljoj stabilnosti, vježbe za poboljšanje propriocepcije i vježbe disanja.Prevention of falls in patients after a stroke is extremely important in order to reduce the risk of additional injuries and complications and improve recovery. Stroke can lead to various physical and cognitive changes, and falls in such conditions are very common and can have serious consequences. There are numerous risk factors that can lead to decline such as age, gender, balance disorders, muscle weakness, adverse environment and many other conditions that occur as a result of stroke. Various scales and tests are most commonly used in the assessment of the risk of falling, which help with prevention, but cannot fully predict the fall (e.g. Tinetti scale, Berg balance scale, TUG test...). Prevention of falls requires a multidisciplinary approach involving healthcare workers, familiy and patients themselves. With adequate assessment, environmental adaptation and appropriate rehabilitation, the risk of falling can be significantly reduced, which contributes to a better quality of life and a more successful recovery of patients. Some of the most common interventions used are balance and balance exercises, muscle strengthening exercises that contribute to better stability, exercises to improve proprioception and breathing exercises