Repository of Polytechnic Lavoslav Ružička Vukovar
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PHYSIOLOGICAL REQUIREMENTS OF SOCCER
No full textNogomet je jadan od najpopularnijih sportova današnjice među svim generacijama. Nogometna izvedba ovisi o brojnim čimbenicima biomehaničkim, tehničkim, mentalnim i fiziološkim. Ovaj timski sport uključuje česte promjene između visokog i niskog intenziteta, te brze promjene smjera kretanja igrača. Svaka igraća pozicija je specifična, te ima različita tehničko-taktička djelovanja i energetsku potrošnju. Prema određenoj poziciji igrača planira se trenažni proces, dijagnostika, pregled učinkovitosti i testovi energetskih kapaciteta. Proučavanje fiziološke zahtjevnosti od velike je važnosti za prognozu uspješnosti u ovome sportu. Cilj ovoga rada je predstaviti koje su fiziološke karakteristike i zahtjevi u nogometu, na koji se način prate promjene u performansi igrača za vrijeme igre te koji faktori i mjere utječu na igru, poboljšanje ili pogoršanje igre i rezultata.Soccer is one of the most popular sports today among all generations. Soccer performance depends on numerous factors such as biomechanical, technical, mental and physiological. This team sport involves frequent changes between high and low intensity and rapid changes in the direction of movement patterns of the players. Each playing position is specific, and has different technical-tactical actions and energy consumption. According to the specific position of the player, the training process, diagnostics, efficiancy review and energy capacity tests are planned. The study of physiological demands is of great importance for predicting success in this sport. The aim of this thesis is to demonstrate physiological characteristics and requirements in soccer, how changes in player performance are monitored during the game, and what factors and measures affect the game, improvement or deterioration of the game and results
ATTITUDES OF ACROBATIC ROCK AND ROLL DANCERS ABOUT INJURIES AND PHYSIOTHERAPY OPTIONS
No full textAkrobatski rock and roll je brz, atletski i tjelesno zahtjevni oblik partnerskog plesa koji se s vremenom razvio u koreografski sport i često se provodi u formalnom organiziranom natjecanju. Pleše se u parovima, obično muška i ženska osoba, i u skupinama gdje su samo žene ili četiri do osam parova zajedno. Cilj ovog diplomskog rada je utvrditi stajalište plesača akrobatskog rock and roll-a o tome imaju li dovoljno znanja i edukacije o ozljedama u svome sportu te imaju li adekvatan pristup kvalitetnoj fizioterapijskoj rehabilitaciji. Upotrijebljena je kvalitativna metoda prikupljanja podataka. Instrument istraživanja je polustrukturirani intervju kojeg je vodio autor ovog diplomskog rada. Za potrebe pisanja rada proveden je intervju s pet plesača akrobatskog rock and roll-a. Nakon analize intervjua, može se zaključiti da se svi plesači slažu kako bi pristup plesačima akrobatskog rock and roll-a fizioterapiji trebao biti kvalitetniji i brži te kako je potrebna veća stručnost i edukacija trenera i timskog osoblja u educiranju plesača. Ispitanici smatraju kako je potrebno uložiti dodatan napor i utjecaj države kako bi se podigla razina ovog nimalo jednostavnog sporta.Acrobatic rock and roll is a fast, athletic and physically demanding form of partner dance that over time has developed into a choreographed sport and is often performed in a formal organized competition. It is danced in pairs, usually a man and a woman, and in groups where there are only women or four to eight couples together. The aim of this thesis is to determine the point of view of acrobatic rock and roll dancers on whether they have sufficient knowledge and education about injuries in their sport and whether they have adequate access to quality physiotherapy rehabilitation. A qualitative method of data collection was used. The research instrument is a semi-structured interview conducted by the author of this thesis. For the purposes of writing the paper, an interview was conducted with five acrobatic rock and roll dancers. After the analysis of the interviews, it can be concluded that all dancers agree that access to physical therapy for acrobatic rock and roll dancers should be better and faster, and that greater expertise and education of trainers and team staff is needed in educating dancers. The interviewed dancers believe that it is necessary to make an additional effort and the influence of the state in order to raise the level of this not so simple sport
HAGUE CONVENTION ON THE CIVIL ASPECTS OF INTERNATIONAL CHILD ABDUCTION
No full textU ovom završnom radu govori se o građanskopravnim aspektima Haške konvencije kod međunarodne otmice djece. Haške konvencije definiraju se kao međunarodni pravni sporazumi, koji su usvojeni na mirovnim konferencijama u Hagu. Prva haška mirovna konferencija je sazvana 1899. godine. Na njoj su usvojene tri konvencije. Druga Haška mirovna konferencija je sazvana 1907. godine. Osim što su na njoj razvijene i poboljšane tri konvencije donesene na prvoj konferenciji, na ovoj je izrađeno i usvojeno ukupno trinaest konvencija. „Konvencija o građanskopravnim aspektima međunarodne otmice djece“ sastavljena je u Hagu 25. listopada 1980. godine. Pisana je na engleskom i francuskom jeziku. Notifikacijom o sukcesiji Hrvatska je stranka mnogostranih međunarodnih ugovora sklopljenih 8. listopada 1991., a između ostalih i konvencije o građanskopravnim aspektima međunarodne otmice djece.This final paper discusses the civil law aspects of the Hague Convention of international child abduction. The Hague Convention are defined as international legal agreements, which were adopted at the peace conferences in The Hague. The first Hague Peace Conference was convened in 1899. Three conventions were adopted at it. The second Hague Peace Conference was convened in 1907. In addition to the fact that three conventions adopted at the first conference were developed and improved, a total of thirteen conventions were created and adopted at this conference. The Convention of the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction was compiled in The Hague on October 25, 1980. It is written on English and French. With the notification of succession, Croatia is a part to the multilateral international agreements signed on October 8, 1991., including the Convention on Civil Legal Aspects of International Child Abduction
SHOULDER INJURIES IN DIFFERENT SPORTS
No full textRame je najpokretniji zglob u tijelu. Također, velika pokretljivost ramena dovodi do povećanja rizika od nastanka ozljeda. Ozljede su sastavni dio sporta. Ozljede se najčešće javljaju kod „overhead“ sportova, u kojima se glavni pokreti izvode rukom iznad glave (rukomet, odbojka, plivački sportovi), te kod nogometnih vratara. Do ozljeda često dolazi kod ponavljajućih bacanja, zakucavanja i dodavanja lopte, prilikom različitih kontakata i duela između igrača, kod prekomjernog napora, te prilikom nestabilnosti. Čimbenici rizika za nastanak ozljeda mogu biti slabosti mišića rotatorne manšete, smanjeni opseg pokreta u ramenu, disfunkcija lopatice, nestabilnosti ramena te umor. Često se javljaju poremećaji ramena kao npr. GIRD (Glenohumeral Internal Rotation Deficit), SLAP (superior labrum from anterior to posterior) lezija, neuropatije, impingement sindromi i dr. Također, ozljede ramena vrlo često se javljaju i u borilačkim sportovima (hrvanje, judo, boks), prilikom raznih padova, udaraca i bacanja. Važna je pravovremena prevencija za sprječavanje nastanaka ozljeda u ramena. Korištenjem ispravne tehnike te adekvatnim treningom, sportaš će smanjiti rizik od povreda.The shoulder joint is the most mobile joint in the body. However, high mobility of the shoulder also increases the risk of injuries. Injuries are an integral part of sports. They most frequently occur in "overhead" sports, where the primary movements involve the arm above the head (such as handball, volleyball, and swimming), as well as in soccer goalkeepers. Injuries often occur during repetitive throwing, smashing and passing the ball, during various playerto-player contacts and duels, due to overexertion, and as a result of shoulder instability. Risk factors for injury can include weaknesses in the rotator cuff muscles, reduced shoulder range of motion, scapular dysfunction, shoulder instability, and fatigue. Shoulder disorders such as GIRD(Glenohumeral Internal Rotation Deficit), SLAP (superior labrum from anterior to posterior) lesions, neuropathies, impingement syndromes, and others often occur. Additionally, shoulder injuries are very common in combat sports (wrestling, judo, boxing), resulting from various falls, punches and throws. Proper prevention is crucial to avoid shoulder injuries. By using the correct technique and appropriate training, an athlete will reduce the risk of injuries
INTERROGATION OF THE SUSPECT BY THE POLICE
No full textIspitivanje osumnjičenika sastavni je dio uglavnom svakog kriminalističkog istraživanja. Kao rezultat te radnje policijski službenici pokušavaju pridobiti priznanje počinitelja kaznenog djela, što bi dovelo do njegovog najbržeg rješavanja. Također, tom radnjom vrlo je bitno utvrditi i sve okolnosti počinjenog kaznenog djela.Izmjenama Zakona o kaznenom postupku iz 2017. godine od policijskih službenike zahtjeva se da prilikom kriminalističkog istraživanja nad osumnjičenim osobama za kaznena djela za koja se kazneni postupak pokreće po službenoj dužnosti i po prijedlogu provode radnju ispitivanja osumnjičenika.Tema završnog rada je postupak i metode policijskih službenika prilikom provođenja radnje ispitivanja osumnjičenih osoba.Interrogation of suspects is an integral part of almost every criminal investigation. As a result of this action, police officers are trying to obtain the confession of the perpetrator of the crime, which would lead to its fastest solution. Also, with this action, it is very important to determine all the circumstances of the committed criminal act. Amendments to the Criminal Procedure Act from 2017 require police officers to carry out the act of interrogating suspects during criminal investigations of persons suspected of criminal offenses for which criminal proceedings are initiated ex officio and upon proposal. The topic of the final thesis is the procedure and methods of police officers when conducting the act of questioning suspected persons
THE ROLE OF VITAMIN D IN THE MANAGEMENT OF OSTEOPOROSIS
No full textOsteoporoza je metabolička reumatska razarajuća bolest koštanog sustava koja je obilježena smanjenjem koštane mase te promjenama u mikroarhitektonskoj građi same kosti. Dijelimo ju na primarnu (i podskupine) te sekundarnu, primarnu ukoliko je uzrok poznat te sekundarnu ukoliko je uzrok bolesti nepoznat. Osteoporoza se smatra najčešćom metaboličkom bolesti. Iako osteoporotični prijelomi mogu biti bilo gdje na tijelu, najčešći prijelomi u oboljelih su vrat bedrene kosti, distalni dio podlaktice te kralješci. Bolest se razvija u oba spola, no češće u žena. Zlatni standard u dijagnostici kao i u praćenju liječenja je denzitometrija. Liječenje oboljelih se temelji na farmakološkoj terapiji, fizikalnoj terapiji, kineziterapiji te promjenama u načinu života. Vitamin D je prepoznat kao vrlo važan dio lanca u prevenciji i liječenju osteoporoze.Osteoporosis is a metabolic rheumatic destructive disease of the bone system that is characterized by a decrease in bone mass and changes in the microarchitectual structure of the bone itself. We divide it into primary ( and subgroups ) and secondary, primary if the cause is known and secondary if the cause of the disease is unknown. Osteoporosis is considered the most common metabolic disease. Although osteoporotic fractures can occur anywhere on the body the most common fractures in patients are the neck of the femur, the distal part of the forearm, and the vertebrae. The disease develops in both genders, but it is more common in women. The gold standard in diagnostics aswell as in monitoring treatment is densitometry. The treatment of patients is based on pharmacological therapy, physical therapy, kinesitherapy and lifestyle changes. Vitamin D is recognised as a very important part of the chain in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis
REHABILITATION PHASES AFTER ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT INJURY (CASE REPORT)
No full textKoljeno je najveći zglob u ljudskom tijelu. Igra ključnu ulogu u mnoštvu pokreta poput hodanja, preskakanja, čučanja i klečanja. Osim toga, omogućava nam brzo pokretanje, usporavanje, odraz i zaustavljanje. Zbog svoje složene strukture, koljeno je podložno raznovrsnim ozljedama. Ozljeda prednjeg križnog ligamenta (ACL) jedna je od najčešćih sportskih ozljeda, s potencijalno dalekosežnim posljedicama za pojedince, kako fizičkim tako i emocionalnim. Koljeno, kao jedan od najvažnijih i najkompleksnijih zglobova u tijelu, ima ključnu ulogu u omogućavanju stabilnosti i mobilnosti, a ozljeda ACL-a može značajno narušiti njegovu funkciju. U ovom radu detaljno je razmotren proces odabira grafta za rekonstrukciju ACL-a, uzimajući u obzir prednosti i nedostatke različitih vrsta graftova. Nakon operativnog zahvata, postoperativna rehabilitacija postaje ključna za uspješan oporavak. Osim standardnih vježbi jačanja i mobilnosti, predstavljen je i niz specifičnih vježbi usmjerenih na obnovu funkcionalne sposobnosti i snage koljena. Prevencija re-ozljede, osobito nakon povratka na teren, presudna je. Psihološki aspekti povratka na teren često se previde, ali su od presudne važnosti. U zaključku, ovaj rad pruža sveobuhvatno razumijevanje izazova i rješenja povezanih s ozljedom ACL-a, od trenutka ozljede pa sve do trenutka kada sportaš ponovno stupi na teren.The knee is the largest joint in the human body. It plays a crucial role in a multitude of movements such as walking, jumping, squatting, and kneeling. Additionally, it enables us to accelerate, decelerate, spring off, and come to a stop. Due to its intricate structure, the knee is susceptible to various injuries. An anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury is one of the most common sports injuries, with potentially far-reaching implications for individuals, both physically and emotionally. The knee, being one of the most vital and complex joints in the body, is fundamental in providing stability and mobility, and an ACL injury can considerably impair its function. In this study, we thoroughly examined the process of graft selection for ACL reconstruction, considering the advantages and disadvantages of different graft types. After surgery, post-operative rehabilitation becomes paramount for a successful recovery. Beyond standard strengthening and mobility exercises, a range of specific exercises aimed at restoring the knee's functional capability and strength are presented. Re-injury prevention, especially upon returning to the field, is crucial. The psychological aspects of returning to play are often overlooked but are of utmost importance. In conclusion, this paper offers a comprehensive understanding of the challenges and solutions related to ACL injury, from the moment of injury to the time an athlete steps back onto the field
LEGAL REGULATION OF PROPERTY RELATIONS OF SPOUSES IN CASE OF DIVORCE
No full textImovinski odnosi bračnih drugova unutar braka i nakon razvoda braka na području Republike Hrvatske regulirani su Obiteljskim zakonom. Za bračne drugove i njihove imovinske odnose vrijede odredbe Obiteljskog zakona osim ukoliko nisu unaprijed odredili i definirali svoje imovinske odnose putem bračnog ugovora. Stoga, bračna stečevina označava imovinu koju su bračni drugovi stekli svojim radom ili imovinu koja proizlazi iz onih resursa koje su stekli radom, pod uvjetom da su to postigli tijekom trajanja bračne zajednice. Važno je napomenuti da suvremeno shvaćanje bračne stečevine uključuje i vremenski period života u zajednici bračnih drugova, a ne samo period trajanja formalnog braka. U završnom radu definirane su opće smjernice koje obuhvaćaju imovinske odnose unutar braka i nakon razvoda. U skladu s tim, raspodjela zajedničke imovine, odnosno bračne stečevine, provodi se kombinacijom pravila Zakona o vlasništvu i drugim stvarnim pravima koja određuju pravila o suvlasništvu te odredbe Obiteljskog zakona koji kao lex specialis djeluje na institut suvlasništva među bračnim drugovima.Property relations of marital partners within marriage and after divorce in the territory of the Republic of Croatia are regulated by the Family Law. For spouses and their property relationships, the provisions of the Family Law apply, unless they have previously specified and defined their property relationships through a marriage contract. Thus, marital property refers to assents acquired by marital partners through their work or property deriving from reusources acquired through work, provided this was achieved during the duration of the marital union. It's important to note that the contemporary understanding of marital property also encompasses the time period of cohabitation of marital partners, not just the duration of the fomal marriage. The final document defines general guidelines encompassing property relations witthin marriage and after divorce. In accordance with this, the distribution of ommon property or marital assents is carried out through a combination of the rules of the Proprty and Other Real Rights Act, which determine the rules of co-ownership, and the provisions of the Family Law, which act as a lex specialis governing co-ownership among spouses
EATING DISORDERS
No full textPoremećaji ishrane predstavljaju psihološki i medicinski problem koji se pojavljuje već od dojenačke dobi i ranog djetinjstva, ali najčešće je zastupljen u adolescenciji. Etiologija poremećaja ishrane je multifaktorijalna. Uzroci se mogu pronaći u psihološkim, biološkim i sociokulturalnim faktorima. Učestalost poremećaja ishrane sve je veća u razvijenijim zemljama. Glavni oblici poremećaja ishrane su anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa i kompulzivno prejedanje koji su popraćeni brojnim psihosocijalnim problemima. Postoje i nespecifični poremećaji u prehrani kod kojih postoji naznaka da oboljeli pokazuje neka ponašanja tipična za poremećaje ishrane, ali ne zadovoljava kriterije za anoreksiju ili bulimiju. Bitno je što ranije započeti s liječenjem i intervencijama koje bi trebao provoditi multidisciplinarni tim. Brojne metode su se pokazale učinkovitima u liječenju poremećaja ishrane, ali nužno je provoditi i oblike prevencije kako bi se spriječili potencijalni zdravstveni problemi.Eating disorders represent a psychological and medical problem that appears from infancy and early childhood, but is most often present in adolescence. The etiology of eating disorders is multifactorial. The causes can be found in psychological, biological and sociocultural factors. The frequency of eating disorders is increasing in developed countries. The main forms of eating disorders are anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder, which are accompanied by numerous psychosocial problems. There are also nonspecific eating disorders in which patient shows some behavior typical for eating disorders, but does not meet the criteria for anorexia or bulimia. It is important to start as early as possible with treatment and interventions that should be carried out by a multidisciplinary team. Numerous methods have proven to be effective in the treatment of eating disorders, but it is necessary to implement forms of prevention in order to prevent potential health problems
AVERTISING OF NEW OCCUPAIONS - INFLUENCERS, GAMERS, YOUTUBERI
No full textOglašavanje predstavlja promoviranje svih proizvoda i usluga koje se nalaze na tržištu te je iznimno bitan čimbenik za približavanje potrošačima. Bez oglašavanja potrošači ne bi bili upoznati sa mnoštvom proizvoda ili usluga. Razvoj tehnologije, digitalne prisutnosti i internet okruženja, napravile su revoluciju u oglašavanju. Zahvaljujući tehnologiji javljaju se nova zanimanja poput Influencera, Gamera i Youtubera, koji imaju ogromnu publiku, sve su više prepoznati u svijetu. Nova zanimanja posebno prati generacija Z. Influenceri, Gameri i Yotuberi se oglašavaju na razne načine i pokušavaju biti prepoznati diljem svijeta kako bi dobili gledanost, pažnju te publicitet. U radu je obrađeno tradicionalno oglašavanje, fenomen novih zanimanja te je provedena anketa na uzorku od 35 ispitanika. Rezultati istraživanja ukazuju da su nova zanimanja dobro prihvaćena na tržištu i znatno doprinose promociji pojedinih proizvoda i usluga.Advertising represents the promotion of all products and services available on the market and is an extremely important factor in reaching consumers. Without advertising, consumers would not be familiar with a multitude of products or services. The development of technology, digital presence and the internet environment has revolutionized advertising. Thanks to technology, new occupations have emerged, such as Influencers, Gamers and YouTubers, who have a massive audience and are increasingly recognized worldwide. New occupations are especially followed by Generation Z. Influencers, Gamers and YouTubers advertise in various ways and try to be recognized worldwide to gain viewership, attention and publicity. The study covers traditional advertising, the phenomenon of new occupations and includes a survey conducted with sample of 35 respondents. The research results indicate that the new occupations are well accepted in the market and significantly contribute to promoting specific products and services