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Home away from home: Navigating the Dynamic Notion of Home Through the Prism of Second Homes
No full textU svijetu događajnog preobilja, sažimanja vremena i prostora, naglih i ireverzibilnih promjena uzrokovanih sverastućom globalizacijom uvijek nam ostaje prostor i mjesto našeg doma kao konstanta te značajno direktna opreka onom izvanjskom. Definicija i značenje samoga doma izmiče sociološkoj spoznaji zbog izrazite subjektivnosti i višeslojnog značenja. Unutar prostora doma nailazimo na sjecište vanjskog i unutarnjeg svijeta pojedinca, na mjesto spajanja rutina i ideala. Dom izlazi iz granica utočišta, iako se ta njegova primordijalna funkcija ne isključuje, pružajući pojedincu prostor koji mu je potreban za samoostvarenje. No, navedena obilježja supermodernog društva omogućavaju i prostornu mobilnost. Uzimajući to u obzir, sve je češća pojava traženja ili pronalaska osjećaja ukorijenjenosti u mjestima daleko od doma. Sverastuća pojava sekundarnog stanovanja ili posjedovanja drugog stana, stana za odmor ili kolokvijalno vikse otvara nove dimenzije i dinamike značenja pojma doma. Oslanjajući se na sve prikazano, u radu se najprije prikazuje teorijski pregled suvremene sociološke misli. Rad zatim obuhvaća metodološko poglavlje koje sadrži tumačenje odabrane metode te uzorka. Konačno, ovaj diplomski rad prikazuje podatke prikupljene polustrukturiranim intervjuima na uzorku od deset mladih sudionika koji imaju pristup drugim adresama te manifestiraju praksu sekundarnog stanovanja. Iz sudionikovih narativa, potvrđuje se visoka emotivna povezanost s drugom kućom i lokalitetom na kojem se ostvaruje sekundarno stanovanje te se potvrđuju jasne naznake preobrazbe sekundarnog stanovanja u drugi dom.In a world of event overload, compression of time and space, and sudden and irreversible changes caused by ever-growing globalization, the space and place of our home always remains a constant and a significantly direct contrast to the external. The definition and meaning of home itself elude sociological understanding due to its extreme subjectivity and multi-layered significance. Within the home space, we find the intersection of the external and internal world of the individual, a place where routines and ideals merge. The home extends beyond the boundaries of a refuge, although its primordial function is not excluded, providing the individual with the space needed for self-fulfillment. However, the characteristics of supermodern society also enable spatial mobility. Considering this, it is increasingly common to seek or find a sense of rootedness in places far from home. The ever-growing phenomenon of secondary housing or owning a second apartment, a vacation home opens new dimensions and dynamics in the meaning of home. Based on all this, this master’s thesis first presents a theoretical overview of contemporary sociological thought. The paper then includes a methodological chapter explaining the chosen method and sample. Finally, the research portion of the thesis presents data collected through semi-structured interviews with a sample of ten young participants who have access to other addresses and practice secondary housing. From the participants' narratives, a high emotional connection with the second home and the locality where secondary housing is realized is confirmed, as well as clear indications of the transformation of secondary housing into a second home
The Relationship Between Cognitive Emotion Regulation Strategies and Eating Habits
No full textVažnost uloge emocionalne regulacije očituje se u organiziranju adaptivnog ponašanja i sprječavanju nastanka preplavljujućih razina negativnih emocija i maladaptivnog ponašanja. Kognitivna emocionalna regulacija odnosi se na misli pomoću kojih ljudi reguliraju svoje emocije kao odgovor na neželjene događaje. Osobe koje doživljavaju više negativnih emocija i koje imaju teškoća u njihovom prepoznavanju imaju veći rizik za razvijanje odstupajućih navika hranjenja kao načina nošenja s takvim emocijama, a teškoće u emocionalnoj regulaciji mogu dovesti i do poremećaja hranjenja. Osobe koje ne koriste adaptivne strategije regulacije emocija kod nošenja s jakim emocijama mogu se okrenuti prehrambenom ponašanju kao načinu samoregulacije. Istraživanjem je utvrđena statistički značajna razlika u korištenju različitih strategija kognitivne emocionalne regulacije između osoba sa zdravim i odstupajućim navikama hranjenja - samookrivljavanje, ruminaciju i katastrofiziranje češće koriste osobe s odstupajućim navikama, a pozitivno refokusiranje, pozitivnu reprocjenu i stavljanje u perspektivu češće koriste osobe sa zdravim navikama hranjenja. Nije utvrđena statistički značajna razlika u korištenju strategija kognitivne emocionalne regulacije između osoba s različitim poremećajima hranjenja. Utvrđena je pozitivna povezanost samookrivljavanja, ruminacije te katastrofiziranja i navika hranjenja - što je češće korištenje tih strategija to navike hranjenja više odstupaju. Utvrđena je i negativna povezanost pozitivnog refokusiranja, planiranja, pozitivne reprocjene te stavljanja u perspektivu i navika hranjenja - što je češće korištenje tih strategija to navike hranjenja manje odstupaju. Nije utvrđen statistički značajan doprinos strategija kognitivne emocionalne regulacije u objašnjenju navika hranjenja.The importance of the role of emotional regulation is manifested in organizing adaptive behavior and preventing the occurrence of overwhelming levels of negative emotions and maladaptive behavior. Cognitive emotion regulation refers to the thoughts people use to regulate their emotions in response to unwanted events. People who experience more negative emotions and who have difficulty recognizing them have a higher risk of developing disordered eating habits as a way of dealing with such emotions. Also, difficulties in emotional regulation can lead to eating disorders. People who don't use adaptive emotion regulation strategies when dealing with strong emotions may turn to eating behavior as a way of self-regulation. The research found statistically significant difference in the use of different cognitive emotional regulation strategies between people with healthy and disordered eating habits - self-blame, rumination and catastrophizing are more often used by people with disordered eating habits, while positive refocusing, positive reappraisal and putting into perspective are more often used by people with healthy eating habits. No statistically significant difference was found in the use of cognitive emotional regulation strategies between people with different eating disorders. A positive correlation between self-blame, rumination and catastrophizing and eating habits was found - the more often these strategies are used, the eating habits are more disordered. A negative correlation between positive refocusing, planning, positive reappraisal and putting into perspective and eating habits was also found - the more often these strategies are used, the eating habits are less disordered. No statistically significant contribution of cognitive emotional regulation strategies in explaining eating habits was found
The Impact of Education on Attitudes and Knowledge About Voluntary Blood Donation: a Before-after Study
No full textUvod: Transfuzija krvi podrazumijeva prijenos krvi iz cirkulacije jedne osobe u cirkulaciju druge osobe u praktične terapijske svrhe. Odgovarajući ciljevi transfuzijske terapije i optimalna sigurnost transfundirane krvi ključni su pojmovi u protokolu za rutinsku primjenu transfuzije. Uzimajući u obzir s jedne strane, da je krv rijedak resurs, a s druge strane, da su dobrovoljni darivatelji glavni i preferirani izvor za sustav darivatelja, centri za transfuziju krvi moraju dodijeliti resurse za promicanje ponavljajućeg i dugotrajnog ponašanja darivatelja i usmjeriti napore prema regrutiranju novih darivatelja među stanovništvom.
Cilj: Cilj istraživanja je ispitati utjecaj edukacije o darivanju krvi na stavove i znanja studenata Hrvatskog katoličkog sveučilišta.
Ispitanici i metode: U istraživanju je sudjelovalo 103 redovna i izvanredna studenta Hrvatskog katoličkog sveučilišta, različitih akademskih smjerova i godina studija, različitog spola, stručne spreme i godina radnog iskustva. Podaci su prikupljeni pozivom za sudjelovanje u edukaciji koju je provela stručna osoba s Hrvatskog zavoda za transfuziju u prostorijama Sveučilišta. Sudionici su poziv za sudjelovanje u edukaciji, odnosno predavanju dobili putem elektroničkim putem. Vrijeme provođenja edukacije je oko 40 minuta. Hrvatski zavod za transfuzijsku medicinu priredio je anonimni anketni upitnik kojeg je ustupio studentici. Za obradu rezultata korišten je statistički paket IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, verzija 25 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, SAD; 2017) i JASP, verzija 0.17.2.1 (Department of Psychological Methods, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands).
Rezultati: Najviše ispitanika bilo je u prilici darivati krv, njih 57 (55,3%), dok njih 70 (68%) nije pristupilo darivanju krvi. Prije edukacije je većina ispitanika (85,4%) točno odgovorila da postoje 4 vrste krvnih grupa, dok je samo 4,9% znalo da je najčešća krvna grupa u Hrvatskoj krvna grupa A. Najviše je ispitanika točno odgovorilo na tvrdnju da uzorak krvi darivatelja transfuzijska služba obvezno testira na biljege krvlju prenosivih bolesti, njih 86%, a 74% ih je točno odgovorilo da se uzorak krvi mora testirati nakon svakog uzimanja krvi od istog darivatelja. Samo je 38% ispitanika točno odgovorilo da punu krv muškarci mogu darovati četiri puta godišnje, 57% ih je točno odgovorilo da potencijalni darivatelj mora imati najmanje 55 kilograma, dok ih je 42% točno odgovorilo da je volumen darovane krvi 450 ml. Nakon provedene edukacije, postotak ispitanika koji je točno odgovorio na pitanje o broju krvnih grupa je porastao na 96,1%, kao što je porastao i broj točnih odgovora na pitanje koja je najčešća
krvna grupa u Hrvatskoj (s 4,9% na 96,1%). Nakon edukacije svi su ispitanici točno odgovorili na koje se krvlju prenosive bolesti testira uzorak krvi, dok je postotak točnih odgovora da se testiranje mora provoditi nakon svakog darivanja krvi pojedinca narastao sa 74% na 93,3%. Da punu krv odrasli muškarci mogu darivati četiri puta godišnje, nakon edukacije točno je odgovorilo 91,3%.
Zaključak: Ukupno znanje studenata sestrinstva o dobrovoljnom darivanju krvi se značajno povećalo nakon provedene edukcije.Background: Blood transfusion implies the transfer of blood from the circulation of one person to the circulation of another person for practical therapeutic purposes. Appropriate goals of transfusion therapy and optimal safety of transfused blood are key concepts in the protocol for routine transfusion use. Considering, on the one hand, that blood is a scarce resource, and on the other hand, that voluntary donors are the main and preferred source for the donor system, blood transfusion centers must allocate resources to promote repeat and long-term donor behavior and direct efforts towards recruiting new donors. among the population.
Aim: The objective of the research is to examine the impact in education of blood donation on the attitudes and knowledge of students of the Croatian Catholic University
Methods: Overall of 103 full-time and part-time students of the Croatian Catholic University, of different academic majors and years of study, of different genders, professional qualifications and years of work experience participated in the research. The data was collected through an invitation to participate in the training conducted by an expert from the Croatian Institute for Transfusion in the premises of the University. The anonymous questionnaire was designed by the Croatian Transfusion Institute, which made it available for the student. The statistical package IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, version 25 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA; 2017) and JASP, version 0.17.2.1 (Department of Psychological Methods, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands) were used to process the results.
Results: Most respondents (57 or 55,3%) had the opportunity to donate blood, and (70 or 68%) did not donate blood to this time. Before the education, the majority of respondents (85,4%) correctly answered that there are 4 types of blood groups, while only 4,9% knew that the most common blood group in Croatia is blood group A. The majority of respondents (86%) answered correctly whether the donor's blood sample is mandatory tested for markers of blood-borne diseases, and 74% of them correctly answered that the blood sample must be tested after each blood collection from the same donor. Only 38% of respondents correctly answered that men can donate whole blood 4 times a year, 57% correctly answered that a potential donor must weigh at least 55 kilograms, while 42% correctly answered that the volume of donated blood is 450 ml. After the training, the percentage of respondents who correctly answered the question about the number of blood groups increased to 96,1%, as did the number of correct answers to the question which is the most common blood group in
Croatia (from 4,9% to 96,1%). After the training, all respondents correctly answered which blood-transmitted diseases the blood sample is tested for, while the percentage of correct answers that the test must be performed after each individual blood donation increased from 74% to 93,3%. After education, 91,3% answered correctly that adult men can donate whole blood 4 times a year.
Conclusion: The overall knowledge of nursing students about voluntary blood donation increased significantly after the education
Comparison of clinical and sociodemographic characteristics of patients hospitalized for anxiety disorders in OB Bjelovar 1994 and 2017
No full textStrah i anksioznost prva su prirodna linija obrane, kao što je i sposobnost prepoznavanja potencijalne opasnosti evolucijski bitna za preţivljavanje. Naţalost, ovaj oblik zaštite ima svoju cijenu; također je i temelj ljudske malaksalosti i nelagode. Anksiozna osoba uvijek je na oprezu očekujući opasnost na svakom koraku. Mogućnost uţivanja u mirnim i spokojnim situacijama gotovo je nemoguća. Glavna problematika proizlazi iz nesposobnosti regulacije ovog osnovnog instinkta. Drugim riječima, anksioznost postaje zabrinjavajuća kada osoba više nije u mogućnosti kontrolirati svoj strah u određenim situacijama te je narušena procjena prisutnosti stvarne opasnosti ili se strah nastavlja i nakon završetka opasne, odnosno stresne situacije. Takva problematika dovodi do razvoja anksioznih poremećaja.
Anksiozni poremećaj definira se kao pretjerana briga i napetost koja traje više dana, unutar minimalno šest mjeseci. Spada u izuzetno čestu skupinu psihijatrijskih poremećaja koja obuhvaća poremećaje uzrokovane stresom i traumama, ali i niz specifičnih poremećaja poput fobija i opsesivno kompulzivnog poremećaja. U tom kontekstu je specifičan i posttraumatski stresni poremećaj čija je pojava u najvećoj mjeri povezana sa ratnim i katastrofalnim zbivanjima, dok se bitno rjeđe biljeţi u mirnodopsko vrijeme.
Naglasak ovog rada je na pacijentima koji su hospitalizirani u Općoj bolnici Bjelovar pod dijagnozama anksioznog spektra (uključujući MKB-10 dijagnoze od F40.0 do F43.9) 1994. i 2017. godine. U navedenim godinama prvo se obrađuju svi hospitalizirani pacijenti kako bi se dobio uvid u to po kojim su sve dijagnozama pacijenti zaprimljeni, koliki je bio prosjek dana leţanja po pojedinim dijagnozama te ukupni broj dana liječenja u jednoj i drugoj godini. U bolesnika hospitaliziranih pod ranije navedenim dijagnozama provodi se usporedba između dvije ciljane godine uspoređujući kliničke i sociodemografske karakteristike.
Temeljna hipoteza je veći broj hospitalizacija zbog posttraumatskog stresnog poremećaja, akutne reakcije na stres i poremećaja prilagodbe tijekom 1994. godine u odnosu na 2017. godinu.Fear and anxiety are the first natural line of defense, just like recognising potential danger is of evolutionary importance for surviving. Unfortunately, this particular kind of protection has its price; it is also the foundation of human malaise and discomfort. An anxious person is always on the lookout expecting danger at every corner. Enjoying peaceful and quiet moments is next to impossible. The main problem originates from a disability to regulate this basic instinct. In other words, anxiety becomes a problem when a person loses its power to control fear in certain situations and starts to develop impaired assessment of the presence and fear even after the end of the dangerous or stressful situation. Such problems lead to anxiety disorders.
An anxiety disorder is defined as excessive worry and tension that lasts for several days within a minimum of six months. It belongs to an extremely common group of psychiatric disorders that includes disorders caused by stress and trauma, but also a number of specific disorders such as phobias and obsessive compulsive disorder. In this context, post-traumatic stress disorder is also specific, the occurrence of which is mostly associated with war and catastrophic events, while it is significantly more rare in peacetime.
The emphasis of this work is on patients who were hospitalized in Bjelovar General Hospital under diagnoses of the anxiety spectrum (including ICD-10 diagnoses from F40.0 to F43.9) in 1994 and 2017. In the mentioned years, all hospitalized patients are first processed in order to gain an insight into what diagnoses the patients were admitted for, what was the average number of days of hospitalization for individual diagnoses, and the total number of days of treatment in the first and second year. In patients hospitalized under the previously mentioned diagnoses, a comparison is made between the two target years, comparing clinical and sociodemographic characteristics.
The basic hypothesis is a higher number of hospitalizations due to post-traumatic stress disorder, acute stress reaction and adjustment disorder in 1994. compared to 2017
Eating Habits of Nursing School Students in Zagreb: a Cross-sectional Study
No full textUvod: Za pravilan rast i razvoj organizma ključna stavka je prehrana. Pravilne prehrambene navike važne su za zdravlje organizma te prevenciju mnogih akutnih i kroničnih bolesti. Nutritivne potrebe mijenjaju se ovisno o dobi te je važno konzumirati raznovrsne namirnice kako bi se osigurao adekvatan unos energije i zaštitnih tvari. Kraj srednje škole je period kada se kreću graditi samostalne prehrambene i životne navike te kada započinje samostalna briga i svijest za zdravlje. Balansirana prehrana, zadovoljavajući unos makronutrijenata (ugljikohidrata, proteina i masti) i mikronutrijenata (vitamina i minerala) doprinosi očuvanju zdravlja.
Cilj istraživanja: Ispitati prehrambene navike učenika petih razreda medicinskih škola u Zagrebu. Utvrditi da li postoje li razlike u prehrambenim navikama između ženskih i muških ispitanika te da li postoje razlike u prehrambenim navikama ispitanika ovisno o bavljenju tjelesnom aktivnošću.
Metode: Istraživanje je provedeno kod 200 učenika petih razreda srednjih medicinskih škola u Zagrebu. U svrhu prikupljanja podataka koristio se upitnik koji je sadržavao sociodemografske podatke i 4 skupine pitanja kojima su se ispitivale životne i prehrambene navike te segmenti Food Frequency Questionnare standardiziranog upitnika.
Rezultati: Rezultati istraživanja su pokazali da ne postoji statistički značajna razlika između ispitanika u konzumaciji voća, povrća i mesa s obzirom na spol te na bavljenje tjelesnom aktivnošću. Dobiveni rezultati pokazuju manju statističku razliku u konzumaciji brze hrane.
Zaključak: Pravilna prehrana smatra se ključnim čimbenikom u očuvanju zdravlja i prevenciji mnogih bolesti. Razlike dobivene istraživanjem mogu skrenuti pažnju na svjesniji odabir namirnica koje se konzumiraju. Tijekom života preporučuje se izgraditi održive životne navike i usvojiti balansiran način prehrane koja uključuje sve namirnice važne za očuvanje fizičkog, ali i psihičkog zdravlja.Introduction: Nutrition is a key factor for the proper growth and development of the body. Proper dietary habits are important for health and for preventing many acute and chronic diseases. Nutritional needs change depending on age and it is important to consume a variety of foods to ensure an adequate intake of energy and protective nutrients. The end of high school is the period when individuals begin to establish their first independent dietary and lifestyle habits and start taking personal responsibility and awareness for their health. A balanced diet achieves health by satisfying the intake of macronutrients (carbohydrates, proteins and fats) and micronutrients (vitamins and minerals).
Objective of the study: To examine the dietary habits of fifth-grade students at the Vinogradska School of Nursing, Vrapče School of Nursing, and Mlinarska School of Nursing.
Methods: The study included 200 participants. For the purpose of this research, a questionnaire was used containing sociodemographic data and 4 sets of questions examining the lifestyle and dietary habits of the participants, as well as the frequency of consumption of certain foods.
Results: The research results showed that there is no statistically significant difference among participants regarding the consumption of fruits, vegetables, and meat based on gender and physical activity. The results indicated a slight statistical difference in the consumption of strawberries and raspberries, green salad and cucumbers, and fast food.
Conclusion: Proper nutrition is considered a key factor in maintaining health and preventing many diseases. The differences revealed by the research can draw attention to a more conscious selection of consumed foods. Throughout life, it is recommended to develop sustainable lifestyle habits and adopt a balanced diet that includes all the foods important for maintaining physical and mental health
Work Experiences and Job Satisfaction of Nurses Employed Full-Time at University Nursing Studies in Croatia: A Qualitative Study
No full textUvod: Koncept zadovoljstva poslom individualnog je i subjektivnog karaktera za svakog pojedinca. Zadovoljstvo poslom je važan čimbenik koji ukazuje na to je li zaposlenik u dobrom odnosu sa svojim radnim mjestom i organizacijom u kojoj radi. Postojeća literatura ukazuje na brojne izazove s kojima se susreću medicinske sestre zaposlene u akademskoj zajednici. U literaturi nema takvih istraživanja provedenih u Hrvatskoj.
Cilj: Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je ispitati radna iskustva i zadovoljstvo poslom medicinskih sestara/tehničara zaposlenih u punom radnom vremenu na studijima sestrinstva u Hrvatskoj.
Metode: Provedeno je kvalitativno istraživanje u veljači i ožujku 2024. godine putem intervjua na daljinu. U istraživanje je uključeno 12 od 13 visokih učilišta koji organiziraju studije sestrinstva na području Republike Hrvatske. Ispitanici su bili medicinske sestre/tehničari zaposleni u nastavi na studijima sestrinstva u Hrvatskoj u punom radnom vremenu. U istraživanje su bili pozvani svi potencijalni ispitanici koji odgovaraju kriterijima uključenja. Podaci su se od ispitanika prikupljali temeljem polu-strukturiranog intervjua. Upitnici koji su se koristili u formuliranju pitanja su Upitnik o stresu nastavnika, Upitnik organizacijske predanosti i Upitnik o zadovoljstvu poslom. Nakon provedbe intervjua, napisani su transkripti za svaki intervju. Na temelju ispitanikovih odgovora, oformljene su teme i po potrebi podteme kroz koje su sažeti svi problemi, izazovi, razmišljanja i stavovi ispitanika.
Rezultati: Od 58 potencijalnih ispitanika koji zadovoljavaju kriterije uključenja, u istraživanju je sudjelovalo 52 (90%). U istraživanju je sudjelovalo 10 osoba muškog spola i 42 osobe ženskog spola u dobi od 28 do 64 godina. Ispitanici se na radnom mjestu suočavaju s različitim izazovima, primjerice prekomjernim administrativnim opterećenjem (N=30), dodatnim poslovima, nedostatkom resursa, motivacijom zaposlenika, organizacijom kliničke prakse, prilagodbom novim generacijama studenata i predrasudama prema sestrinskoj profesiji. Usprkos izazovima, većina nikada nije požalila zbog zaposlenja na visokom učilištu u punom radnom vremenu (N=33), ističući prijenos znanja, rad s mladim ljudima i mogućnosti napredovanja kao pozitivne aspekte. Većina navodi da ih ustanova podržava u profesionalnom razvoju (N=46) kroz sufinanciranje edukacija, uvažavanje ideja i/ili mentorstvo iskusnijih kolega.
Zaključak: Istraživanje ukazuje na potrebu za promjenama u radnim uvjetima i politikama zapošljavanja medicinskih sestara na sveučilišnim studijima u Hrvatskoj kako bi se poboljšalo njihovo zadovoljstvo poslom. Posebnu pozornost potrebno je posvetiti smanjenju administrativnog opterećenja, boljem upravljanju i organizaciji, povećanju podrške i poticanju što češćim edukacijama ključnih za unaprjeđenje profesionalnog razvoja te osiguravanju adekvatnog priznanja za rad.Background: The concept of job satisfaction is individual and subjective for each person. Job satisfaction is an important factor that indicates whether an employee has a good relationship with their workplace and the organization in which they work. Multiple studies have indicated that nurses employed in academia face numerous challenges. Such studies that have been conducted in Croatia have not been published thus far.
Aim: This study aimed to analyze the work experiences and job satisfaction of nurses employed full-time in higher-education nursing studies in Croatia.
Methods: A qualitative study was conducted via interviews in February and March 2024. The study included 12 of 13 higher education institutions organizing nursing studies in the Republic of Croatia. The participants were nurses employed full-time in teaching positions in nursing studies in Croatia. All individuals meeting the inclusion criteria were invited to participate in the study. Data were collected from the participants based on semi-structured interviews. The questionnaires used in formulating the interview questions included the Teacher Stress Questionnaire, the Organizational Commitment Questionnaire, and the Job Satisfaction Survey. After conducting the interviews, transcripts were prepared for each interview. Based on the participants' answers, themes and, if necessary, sub-themes were formed to summarize all the participants' problems, challenges, thoughts, and attitudes.
Results: Of the 58 individuals who met the inclusion criteria, 52 (90%) participated in the study. The participants included 10 men and 42 women aged between 28 and 64 years. The participants faced various challenges in their workplace, such as excessive administrative burdens (N=30), additional tasks, lack of resources, employee motivation, organization of clinical practice, adaptation to new generations of students, and prejudices against the nursing profession. Despite these challenges, most have never regretted their full-time employment at higher education institutions (N=33), highlighting knowledge transfer, working with young people, and opportunities for advancement as positive aspects. The majority reported that their institution supports them in professional development (N=46) through co-financing education, valuing ideas, and mentorship from experienced colleagues.
Conclusion: Results of this study indicate the need for changes in working conditions and employment policies for nurses in university nursing programs in Croatia to improve their job satisfaction. Special attention should be given to reducing administrative burdens, better management and organization, increasing support, promoting regular education critical for professional development, and ensuring adequate recognition for their work
Contribution of Some Family and Individual Characteristics in the Quality of Romantic Relationships
No full textUlazak u romantične odnose predstavlja važan razvojni zadatak tijekom odrastanja, a tijekom rane odrasle dobi romantične veze postaju ozbiljnije, intimnije i predane. Ljubomora je dosljedan prediktor kvalitete romantične veze, ali nisu dovoljno jasni njezini učinci na romantičnu vezu. Važnost samopoštovanja se često spominje u kontekstu romantične veze, dok je sramežljivost slabije istraživana. Obitelj je mjesto gdje osoba stječe prva znanja o romantičnim vezama i gdje razvija vještine koje kasnije imaju utjecaja na odnos s partnerom. Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je ispitati odnos između ljubomore, samopoštovanja, sramežljivosti i nekih obiteljskih karakteristika te njihov doprinos kvaliteti romantične veze.
Sudionici ovog istraživanja bili su mladići i djevojke (N= 239) u dobi od 18 do 30 godina (tzv. odrasli u nastajanju) koji su minimalno tri mjeseca u heteroseksualnoj vezi te ne kohabitiraju s partnerom. Sudionici su ispunjavali Indeks bračne kvalitete (QMI), Rosenbergovu skalu samopoštovanja (RSE), Revidiranu skalu sramežljvosti (RCBS), Multidimenzionalnu skalu ljubomore (MJS), Skraćenu skalu obiteljskih odnosa (BFRS) i Upitnik sociodemografskih podataka formiran za potrebe ovog istraživanja.
Kod mladića, dobivena je negativna povezanost kognitivne ljubomore sa samopoštovanjem, kohezijom i konfliktom, dok je sramežljivost negativno povezana sa samopoštovanjem, kohezijom i ekspresivnosti. Kod djevojaka su dobiveni slični rezultati, osim što je kognitivna ljubomora negativno povezana samo s konfliktom, a samopoštovanje je pozitivno povezano sa svim aspektima obiteljskog funkcioniranja. Regresijskom analizom kognitivna ljubomora i kohezija kao aspekt obiteljskog funkcioniranja pokazale su se značajnim prediktorima kvalitete romantične veze. Emocionalna i ponašajna ljubomora, sramežljivost, samopoštovanje te ekspresivnost i konflikt kao aspekti obiteljskog funkcioniranja nisu se pokazali značajnim prediktorima kvalitete romantične veze.
Ovi nalazi pomažu u razumijevanju kako određeni mentalni procesi i neke karakteristike obiteljske dinamike doprinose percepciji i iskustvu ljubavne veze. S obzirom da se kognitivna ljubomora odnosi na misli i sumnje vezane uz potencijalne prijetnje vezi, istraživanje daje uvid u važnost smanjenja negativnih misli i sumnji radi poboljšanja kvalitete veze. Također, rezultati ukazuju na važnost pozitivnog obiteljskog okruženja i povezanosti unutar obitelji u razvoju i održavanju kvalitetnih romantičnih odnosa.Entering romantic relationships represents an important developmental task during adolescence, and in early adulthood, romantic relationships become more serious, intimate, and committed. Jealousy is a consistent predictor of the quality of a romantic relationship, but its effects on the relationship are not entirely clear. The importance of self-esteem is often mentioned in the context of romantic relationships, while shyness has been less explored. The family is the place where a person acquires their first knowledge about romantic relationships and where they develop skills that later impact their relationship with a partner. The aim of this research was to examine the relationship between jealousy, self-esteem, shyness, and certain family characteristics, and their contribution to the quality of a romantic relationship.
The participants in this study were young men and women (N=239) aged 18 to 30 years (so-called emerging adults) who have been in a heterosexual relationship for at least three months and do not cohabit with their partner. The participants completed the Quality of Marriage Index (QMI), the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSE), the Revised Cheek and Buss Shyness Scale (RCBS), the Multidimensional Jealousy Scale (MJS), the Brief Family Relationship Scale (BFRS), and a sociodemographic questionnaire developed for this research.
Among young men, a negative correlation was found between cognitive jealousy and self-esteem, cohesion, and conflict, while shyness was negatively correlated with self-esteem, cohesion, and expressiveness. Among young women, similar results were obtained, except that cognitive jealousy was negatively correlated only with conflict, and self-esteem was positively correlated with all aspects of family functioning. Regression analysis showed that cognitive jealousy and cohesion, as an aspect of family functioning, were significant predictors of the quality of a romantic relationship. Emotional and behavioral jealousy, shyness, self-esteem, and expressiveness and conflict as aspects of family functioning were not significant predictors of the quality of a romantic relationship.
These findings help in understanding how certain mental processes and some characteristics of family dynamics contribute to the perception and experience of a romantic relationship. Given that cognitive jealousy involves thoughts and doubts related to potential threats to the relationship, the research provides insight into the importance of reducing negative thoughts and doubts to improve relationship quality. Additionally, the results highlight the importance of a positive family environment and cohesion within the family in developing and maintaining quality romantic relationships
Women`s attitudes towards childbirth: to want, not to want or to wait?
No full textJedan od glavnih pokazatelja demografske slike pojedinog društva je fertilitet. Fertilitet je u mnogim državama Europe, pa tako i u Hrvatskoj vrlo nizak. Niska stope fertiliteta u Hrvatskoj samo je jedan od demografskih problema sa kojim se Hrvatska nosi. Kako bi se pronašao uzrok tako niske stope fertiliteta treba ispitati žene i njihove odluke o rađanju djece. U današnjem modernom društvu uloga žena i muškaraca su se promijenile. Žene su ravnopravnije muškarcima, imaju mogućnost obrazovanja, razvijaju karijere i mogu donijeti odluku žele li ili ne žele rađati djecu. Ako se vratimo u početke ljudskog društva uloge žene i muškaraca su bile sasvim drugačije. Ženina uloga je bila brinuti o domu, ostvariti se kao majka te odgajati i brinuti se za djecu, dok je uloga muškarca bila financijski obezbjediti svoju obitelj. Takve uloge mogu se svrstati pod tradicionalnu podjelu uloga žene i muškaraca koje su još uvijek prisutne u današnjem duštvu. S druge strane u suvremenom društvu došlo je do jačanja individualizma pa tako žene odabiru posvetiti se vlastitim ciljevima, interesima, karijeri. Žene koje odlučuju dobrovoljno apstinirati od djece mogu biti stigmatizirane od strane društva jer ne rade ono što se od njih očekuje, a to je biti majkom. Opći cilj ovog rada je istražiti razloge niske stope fertiliteta kroz prizmu ženine odluke o imanju ili neimanju djece. Iz navedenog cilja proizašla su tri specifična cilja: istražiti imaju li svake od tri skupine žena: žene koje žele djecu, žene koje dobrovoljno ne žele djecu te žene koje odgađaju rađanje djece zajedničke karakteristike unutar iste skupine, ispitati povezanost stupnja obrazovanja žene i njezine odluke o rađanju i ispitati sustav vrijednosti svake od tri skupine žena. Rad je temeljen na kvalitativnom istraživanju, a metoda koja se koristila je polustrukturirani intervju proveden sa 9 žena. Rezultati istraživanja pokazali su da žene unutar iste skupine imaju zajedničke karakteristike, osobine unutar iste skupine, no rezultati se ne mogu poopćiti na cijelu populaciju zbog ograničenog broja sudionica.One of the main indicators of the demographic profile of a society is fertility. In many European countries, including Croatia, fertility is very low. The low fertility rate in Croatia is just one of the demographic problems the country faces. To find the cause of such a low fertility rate, it is necessary to examine women and their decisions about having children. In today’s modern society, the roles of women and men have changed. Women are more equal to men,
have access to education, develop careers, and can decide whether or not to have children. If we go back to the beginnings of human society, the roles of women and men were quite different. A woman's role was to take care of the home, become a mother, and raise and care for the children, while the man's role was to financially support his family. Such roles can be classified under the traditional division of roles between women and men, which are still present in today's society. On the other hand, in contemporary society, there has been a strengthening of individualism, leading women to choose to dedicate themselves to their own goals, interests, and careers. Women who voluntarily abstain from having children can be stigmatised by society for not doing what is expected of them, which is to become mothers. The general aim of this research is to explore the reasons for the low fertility rate through the lens of a woman's decision to have or not have children. From this aim, three specific goals emerged: to explore whether each of the three groups of women—women who want children, women who voluntarily do not want children, and women who postpone childbirth—share common characteristics within the same group; to examine the relationship between a woman's level of education and her decision to have children; and to examine the value system of each of the three groups of women. The paper is based on qualitative research, and the method used was a semi-structured interview conducted with nine women. The research results showed that women within the same group have common characteristics and traits within the same group, but the results cannot be generalised to the entire population due to the limited number of participants
Psychosocial Characteristics of Football Fans who (do not) Participate in Riots
No full textNogomet, sport koji već godinama okuplja i međusobno udružuje milijune ljudi, smatra se najpopularnijim svjetskim sportom. Neizostavni dio ovog sporta su njegovi „12. igrači“ – navijači. Oni bodre svoj klub, raduju se njegovim uspjesima te ulažu vrijeme, energiju i novac kako bi ga podržali. Međutim, teško je ne spomenuti da su nogometni nemiri navijača postali gotovo neizostavan dio nogometnih susreta i svjetski društveni problem s brojnim negativnim posljedicama i troškovima.
Ono što je neupitno je da ne sudjeluju svi navijači u nogometnim nemirima i sukobima. Zbog toga, potrebno je identificirati koja su to obilježja pojedinaca i psihosocijalne varijable povezane sa spremnošću određenih ljudi da se pridružuju nemirima i sukobima na nogometnim okupljanjima. Cilj istraživanja bio je ispitati utjecaj različitih obilježja pojedinaca i psihosocijalnih varijabli na uključivanje navijača u nogometne nemire, kao i ispitati učestalost uključivanja navijača u nogometne nemire u Republici Hrvatskoj.
U istraživanju je sudjelovalo 863 sudionika, 659 muškaraca i 204 žena. Online putem su ispunjavali niz upitnika koji su uključivali sociodemografske podatke, podatke o navijačkom iskustvu, konzumaciji alkohola i droga, sudjelovanju u nogometnim nemirima, kao i Upitnik agresivnosti (Buss i Perry, 1992) i prilagođenu Slikovnu mjeru fuzije (Swann i sur., 2009). Prema rezultatima, 64,1% ispitanih navijača uključuje se u nogometne nemire, a kao značajni prediktori uključivanja u nogometne nemire pokazali su se spol, dob, razina obrazovanja, agresivnost, konzumacija alkohola, konzumacija droga, fuzija identiteta, službeno članstvo u klubu kao i članstvo u navijačkoj skupini.
Nalazi ovog istraživanja pridonose razumijevanju prediktora uključivanja navijača u nogometne nemire i mogu poslužiti u izradi preventivnih mjera i strategija smanjenja incidenata na stadionima.Football, a sport that has been bringing together millions of people over the years, is considered the most popular sport in the world. An indispensable part of this sport are its "12th players" – the fans. They cheer for their club, rejoice in its successes, and invest their time, energy, and money to support it. However, it is hard not to mention that football fan riots have become almost an unavoidable part of the football matches and a global social problem with numerous negative consequences and costs.
It is unquestionable that not all fans participate in football riots and conflicts. Therefore, it is necessary to identify the characteristics of individuals and the psychosocial variables associated with certain people's readiness to join riots and conflicts at football gatherings. The aim of the research was to examine the influence of various individual characteristics and psychosocial variables on fans' involvement in football riots, as well as to examine the frequency of fan involvement in football riots in the Republic of Croatia.
The study involved 863 participants, 659 men and 204 women. They completed a series of online questionnaires, which included sociodemographic data, information on fan experience, alcohol and drug consumption, participation in football riots, as well as The Aggression Questionnaire (Buss and Perry, 1992) and an adapted Pictorial item of identity fusion (Swann et al., 2009). According to the results, 64.1% of the surveyed fans participate in football riots, and significant predictors of involvement in football riots were shown to be gender, age, level of education, aggressiveness, alcohol consumption, drug consumption, identity fusion, official club membership, and membership in a fan group.
The findings of this research contribute to the understanding of predictors of fan involvement in football riots and can be used in the development of preventive measures and strategies to reduce incidents at stadiums
The satisfaction of oncology patients with the communication of nurses/technicians in general/family medicine offices in Karlovac County.
No full textUvod: Komunikacija u medicini je osnovna vještina kojom se uspostavlja adekvatni odnos liječnika, medicinske sestre i bolesnika. Izražavanje bolesnikovih potreba i osjećaja pomoću komunikacije je osnovna ljudska potreba. Poseban pristup zahtijevaju bolesnici oboljeli od neizlječivih bolesti. Nagli rast zloćudnih bolesti u svijetu sa sobom nosi niz neodgovorenih pitanja o samoj dijagnozi, vlastitoj prognozi bolesti, adekvatnoj podršci i vještini priopćavanja loših vijesti. Onkološki pacijenti su najosjetljivija populacija jer trebaju najviše pažnje, vremena, podrške te zahtijevaju dobru komunikaciju s medicinskom sestrom/tehničarom u ordinaciji gdje se provodi liječenje.
Cilj: Cilj ovog istraživanja je ispitati zadovoljstvo onkoloških pacijenata pruženom komunikacijom medicinske sestre/tehničara u ordinacijama opće/obiteljske medicine Karlovačke županije te utvrditi razliku u zadovoljstvu onkoloških pacijenata komunikacijom medicinskih sestara/tehničara u ordinacijama opće/obiteljske medicine prema dobi, spolu, stručnoj spremi, vrsti bolesti, bračnom statusu i zaposlenosti.
Metode: U ispitivanju je sudjelovalo 243 pacijenata, oboljelih od onkološke bolesti. Ispitanici su bili pacijenti Domova zdravlja: Karlovac, Duga Resa, Ogulin, Ozalj, Slunj i Vojnić te privatnih ordinacija koji imaju ugovor s Hrvatskim zavodom za zdravstveno osiguranje. Ukupno je obuhvaćeno 53 ordinacije na području Karlovačke županije. Kao instrument istraživanja upotrijebljena je standardizirana „Nursing Practitioner Satisfaction Survey" (NPSS) skala, prilagođena potrebama istraživanja.
Rezultati: Srednja razina zadovoljstva je za 0,07 bodova veća kod ispitanih muškaraca u odnosu na žene, te je ispitivanjem utvrđena prisutnost statistički značajne razlike obzirom na spol (Kruskal-Wallisov test; P=0,047). Percipirana razina zadovoljstva je veća među starijim pacijentima u odnosu na mlađe, te je ispitivanjem utvrđena prisutnost statistički značajne razlike u percipiranoj razini zadovoljstva s obzirom na dob pacijenata (Kruskal-Wallisov test; P=0,001), dok je percipirana razina kvalitete komunikacije imala najnižu srednju vrijednost među ispitanicima dobne skupine 75-84 godine Ispitivanjem je utvrđena prisutnost statistički značajne razlike (Kruskal-Wallisov test; P=0,022).
Prema stupnju obrazovanja se može utvrditi da su uslugom najviše zadovoljni ispitanici sa završenim višom i visokom stručnom spremom, dok su najmanje zadovoljni ispitanici bez škole, te je ispitivanjem utvrđena prisutnost statistički značajne razlike (Kruskal-Wallisov test; P=0,018). Srednja razina percepcije kvalitete komunikacije je najveća među ispitanicima sa završenom osnovnom školom i srednjom stručnom spremom (medijan = 5), te je ispitivanjem utvrđena prisutnost statistički značajne razlike (Kruskal-Wallisov test; P=0,021).
Percepcija pristupačnosti je najveća među ispitanicima koji su slobodni i oženjeni/udane te je ispitivanjem utvrđena prisutnost statistički značajne razlike s obzirom na bračni status (Kruskal-Wallisov test; P=0,036).
Srednja razina zadovoljstva komunikacijom veća je kod ispitanika u mirovini u odnosu na zaposlene i nezaposlene, te je ispitivanjem utvrđena prisutnost statistički značajne razlike (Kruskal-Wallisov test; P=0,005).
Razlika u pojedinim domenama i ukupnoj skali s obzirom na dijagnozu bolesti ne pokazuje razlika u zadovoljstvu (Kruskal-Wallisov test; P=0,330), u percipiranoj razini pristupačnosti (Kruskal-Wallisov test; P=0,316) kao ni u zadovoljstvu komunikacijom (Kruskal-Wallisov test; P=0,871) te nije ispitivanjem utvrđena prisutnost statistički značajne razlike.
Zaključak: Onkološki pacijenti su zadovoljni količinom i načinom pružene komunikacije i općenito komunikacijom medicinskih sestara/tehničara u ordinacijama opće/obiteljske medicine Karlovačke županije. Postoje značajne razlike u zadovoljstvu komunikacijom prema spolu, dobi, obrazovanju i radnom statusu.Introduction: Communication in medicine is a fundamental skill for establishing an appropriate relationship between doctors, nurses, and patients. Expressing patients needs and feelings through communication is a basic human necessity. Patient swith in curable diseases require a special approach. The rapid increase in malignant diseases world wide brings numerous unanswered questions about diagnosis, prognosis, adequate support, and the skill of delivering bad news. Oncology patients are the most vulnerable population as they require the most attention, time, support, and effective communication with the nurse/technician in the clinic where treatment is provided.
Objective: The objective of this study is to assess the satisfaction of oncology patients with the communication provided by nurses/technicians in general/family medicine offices in Karlovac County.
Methods: The study in volved 243 oncology patients. The participants were patients from Health Centers in Karlovac, Duga Resa, Ogulin, Ozalj, Slunj, and Vojnić, as well as from private practices contracted with the Croatian Health Insurance Fund. A total of 53 clinics in Karlovac County were included in the study. The standardized "Nursing Practitioner Satisfaction Survey" (NPSS) scale, adapted to the need soft his research, was used as there search instrument.
Results: The mean satisfaction levelis 0.07 points higher among male respondents compared to females, and the study found a statistically significant difference with respect to gender (Kruskal-Wallis test, P=0.047). The perceived satisfaction level is higher among older patients compared to younger ones, and the study confirmed the presence of a statistically significant difference in perceived satisfaction levels with respect to the patients' age (Kruskal-Wallis test, P=0.001). The perceived quality of communication had the lowest mean value among respondents aged 75-84 years and a statistically significant difference was found (Kruskal-Wallis test, P=0.022).
Regarding the level of education, it was determined that respondents with higher education (university degree) were the most satisfied with the service, while those without any formale ducation were the least satisfied. A statistically significant difference was confirmed in this regard (Kruskal-Wallis test, P=0.018). The mean perception of communication quality is highest among respondents with primary and secondary education (median = 5), and a statistically significant difference was observed (Kruskal-Wallis test, P=0.021).
Perceived accessibility is highest among respondents who are single and married, and a statistically significant difference was identified based on marital status (Kruskal-Wallis test, P=0.036). The mean level of satisfaction with communication is higher among retired respondents compared to employed and unemployed respondents, and a statistically significant difference was confirmed (Kruskal-Wallis test, P=0.005).
The difference in specific domains and the over all scale concerning disease diagnosis does not show any difference in satisfaction (Kruskal-Wallis test, P=0.330), perceived accessibility (Kruskal-Wallis test, P=0.316), or satisfaction with communication (Kruskal-Wallis test, P=0.871), and no statistically significant difference was observed.
Conclusion: Oncology patients are satisfied with the communication of nurses/technicians in general/family medicine offices in Karlovac County