University of Zagreb Faculty of Teacher Education - Digital repository

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    4576 research outputs found

    Children's fears

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    Strah kao primarna emocija svakog čovjeka prisutna je kroz naš cijeli život. Dijete od svoje najranije dobi pa kroz cijelo odrastanje susreće se i bori s raznim strahovima koji ovise o dobi djeteta. U ovom radu fokus će biti na strahovima djece rane i predškolske dobi. Prema istraživanjima od druge do 14. godine više od 90 % djece pati od nekog straha, a većina ima i nekoliko strahova. Prema Vulić-Prtorić (2002) dječji strahovi nastaju kao produkt nekog događaja koji je dijete shvatilo kao prijetnju te on u njemu izaziva osjećaj nelagode i fiziološke promjene nakon čega dijete izbjegava takve situacije. Postepenim suočavanjem sa strahom strah će se smanjiti ili nestati, no nije dobro ignorirati strah i potiskivati ga u sebe. Roditelji i odgojitelji najviše vremena provode s djetetom i oni su prvi koji mogu primijetiti strah kod djeteta te su oni bitni faktori u savladavanju straha. Roditelji, ako ne mogu sami, mogu uz pomoć savjeta ili metoda iz stručne literature ili uz savjetovanje kod stručnjaka potražiti pomoć kako pristupiti djetetu kada se nečega boji te na koji način s njime pobijediti taj strah. Neki od načina na koje dijete pokazuje strah i kako ga možemo prepoznati kod djece su: plač pri odvajanju, odbijanje nepoznatih ljudi, bol u trbuhu, čvrsto držanje za ruku, agresivnost, problemi sa spavanjem i mokrenjem i slično. Cilj ovog završnog rada jest prikazati i opisati najčešće razvojne strahove u djetinjstvu te upoznati i razumjeti načine njihovog prevladavanja.Fear, as the primary emotion present in every human, accompanies us throughout our entire lives. From a very young age, children encounter and grapple with various fears that depend on their age. This work will focus on the fears of early and preschool-age children. According to research, from the age of two to 14, more than 90% of children experience some form of fear, with most having several fears. According to Vulić-Prtorić (2002), children's fears arise as a result of an event that a child perceives as a threat, causing discomfort and physiological changes, leading the child to avoid such situations. By gradually confronting their fear, it can diminish or disappear, but it's not advisable to ignore or suppress it. Parents and caregivers spend the most time with a child and are the first to notice a child's fear, making them crucial factors in helping the child overcome it. If parents cannot do it on their own, they can seek assistance from professional literature, advice, or consult experts on how to approach a child when they are afraid and how to help them overcome that fear. Some ways in which a child may exhibit fear and how we can recognize it in children include separation anxiety, refusal of unfamiliar people, stomachaches, tightly holding onto a hand, aggression, sleep problems, bedwetting, and more. The aim of this final paper is to present and describe the most common developmental fears in childhood and to introduce and understand methods for overcoming them

    Prevention of excess body weight in preschool children using certain kinesiology content

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    Završni rad temeljen je na primjerima kinezioloških sadržaja koji su pogodni za prevenciju prekomjerne tjelesne mase kod djece predškolske dobi. Navedeni kineziološki sadržaji vrlo su kreativni, zanimljivi te poznati djeci, od raznih motoričkih igara do plesa. Povećana tjelesna masa je trenutno veliki i ozbiljan problem u svijetu, a posebno kada se radi o djeci. Zdravlje djece je najvažnije, a u tome su im glavni uzori roditelji, uža obitelj te odgojitelji. Djeca svoje slobodno vrijeme pretežito provode sjedilačkim načinom života, ponajviše igrajući videoigrice na računalu. Djecu je potrebno konstantno poticati na tjelesnu aktivnost kako bi se stvorila navika aktivnog provođenja vremena kako tijekom dnevnih aktivnosti, tako i tijekom korištenja slobodnog vremena djece. Prekomjerna tjelesna masa može u daljnjem periodu života nepovoljno utjecati na zdravstveni status čovjeka, pa je osim primjerenih tjelesnih i kinezioloških aktivnosti potrebno poraditi i na zdravoj prehrani i prehrambenim navikama djece. Uloga odgojitelja vrlo je važna u života djeteta te je potrebno poznavanje razvojnih karakteristika djece kako bi se primjena kinezioloških sadržaja znala kvalitetno usmjeriti.This final work is based on kinesiology content that is necessary for the prevention of excess body weight in preschool children. Listed kinesiology content is very creative, interesting, and familiar to children, from various motor games to dance. Excess body weight is currently a big and serious problem in the world, especially when it comes to children. Children’s health is most important, so parents, immediate family, and kindergarten teachers are their main role models in that. Children mostly spend their free time in a sedentary lifestyle, mostly playing games on a computer. Children constantly need to be pushed in the direction of physical activity so they can create a routine of actively spending time not only in their daily activities but also in their free time. Excess body weight can negatively affect human health in the long term, so except for appropriate physical and kinesiology activity it is necessary to work on children’s healthy diet and eating habits. The role of the kindergarten teacher is really important in the life of the children and it is necessary to know the developmental characteristics of children so that the use of kinesiology content would be correctly used

    The importance of play in the development of a children of early and preschool age

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    Dječja igra je bitna aktivnost u djetetovom rastu i razvoju. Prisutna je od najranijeg djetinjstva. Kako dijete raste, igre postaju sve složenije. Kroz igru dijete istražuje i upoznaje sebe i svoju okolinu. Igra pomaže u razvoju djetetovih naslijeđenih potencijala. Tijekom igre razvijaju se jezična, motorička, socijalna i umjetnička iskustva. Igra utječe na razvoj i usložnjavanje živčanog sustava i svih pozitivnih osobina karakterističnih za ljudsko biće. Tijekom odrastanja važni su modeli uz koje igra postaje složenija i podiže se na višu razinu. Odrasle osobe iz djetetovog okruženja u tom procesu imaju važnu ulogu. U najranijem periodu života to su roditelji, braća, sestre i bliža obitelj. Kad dijete počne pohađati odgojno - obrazovnu ustanovu, primjerice vrtić, važnu ulogu u igri i djetetovom odrastanju pored roditelja imaju odgojitelji. Oni uvode igru u svakodnevni program, promatraju, vode, usmjeravaju i omogućavaju realizaciju igre. Poznavanjem djetetovih sklonosti i potencijala prilagođavaju igru djetetu. Odgojitelji kao stručno osoblje trebali bi pomoći roditeljima usmjeravati i poticati dijete na igru kako bi uspješno razvilo svoje sposobnosti. Danas odgojitelji imaju brojne mogućnosti kroz koje mogu promovirati važnost igre kao što su kvalitetna i suvremena literatura te razne radionice. Roditelji i odgojitelji trebaju izgraditi partnerski odnos pun povjerenja u ostvarivanju zajedničkog cilja, a to je dobrobit djeteta.Children's play is an essential activity in a child's growth and development. It has been present since early childhood. As the child grows, the games become ever more complex. Through play the child explores and gets to know himself and his environment. The play helps to develop the child's inherited potentials. Language, motor, social and artistic experiences develop during the play. It affects the development and complexity of the nervous system and all the positive traits characteristic of a human being. Models with which the play becomes more complicated and raised to a higher level are important during growing up. Adults from the child's environment play an important role in this process. In the earliest period of life, these are parents, siblings, and close family. When the child starts attending an educational institution, such as a kindergarten, teachers play an important role in the play and the child's growth, in addition to their parents. They introduce the play into the daily program, observe, guide, direct and enable the realization of the play. By knowing the child's preferences and potential, they adapt the play to the individual child. Educators as professional staff should help parents to guide and encourage children to play, so that the child will successfully develop his abilities through such upbringing. Today, educators have numerous opportunities through which they can promote the importance of play, such as high-quality and contemporary literature, various workshops. Parents and educators should build a partnership full of trust in achieving a common goal, which is the well-being of the child

    Use of aids in preschool age children

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    Prilikom rada s predškolskom djecom potrebno je koristiti različita pomagala. Prilikom biranja pomagala odgajatelji imaju puno sredstava na izbor jer nisu ograničeni kao učitelji koji imaju puno školskih reformi. Odgajatelji također imaju zadatak prilagoditi sadržaj dobi, a za to ima nekoliko teorija. Jedna od njih je Piagetova, a druga je Bandurina. Djecu od najranije dobi treba poticati na samostalno učenje te koristiti takva sredstva. Kako bi djeca što više bila potaknuta na učenje potrebno im je osigurati takvu okolinu te sredstva s kojima se potiče njihovo učenje. Upravo su sredstva rada i pomagala ta koja će djecu potaknuti na razmišljanje i učenje. Za svaku dob djeteta postoje odgovarajuća pomagala kojima se sadržaj može primjeriti dobi. U vrtićima je potrebno osigurati prostor koji je namijenjen upravo ovakvom načinu učenja. Pomoću sredstava rada i pomagala najbolje se uči matematika. Sredstva koja se koriste za učenje matematike mogu biti pribadače, elastike, kocke i sl. Osim matematičkih sposobnosti kod djece se razvijaju i druge intelektualne vještine, razvija se fina motorika, okulomotorika, socijalne vještine i emocije. Sredstva i pomagala je moguće koristiti i kod rada sa djecom koja imaju poteškoće u razvoju. Djeci koja imaju poteškoće u razvoju potrebno je prilagoditi sva pomagala te se prilagoditi njima samima. Na ovaj način se dodatno mogu razvijati sposobnosti. U tjelesnoj i zdravstvenoj kulturi također se koriste različita pomagala i sredstva koja će djeci na još zanimljiviji i lakši način pokazati određene aktivnosti, olakšati shvaćanje određenih vježbi, pomoći im u savladavanju motoričkih gibanja, a sve zbog toga da djeca budu motiviranija za rad. Vizualna, auditivna, audiovizualna, tekstualna kao i tehnička sredstva i pomagala su sredstva kojima se može potaknuti djecu na rad. Sat tjelesne i zdravstvene kulture ima 4 dijela te svakom dijelu treba prilagoditi aktivnosti, a aktivnostima pomagala. U budućnosti će se kao pomagala u odgojno – obrazovnom procesu sve više koristiti računala kako bi se kod djece razvile osnove rada na računalu. Na računalima je sve više digitalnih igara pomoću kojih djeca bolje shvaćaju pojmove, ali mogu dobiti i viziju pojedinih sportova s kojima se ne susreću svakodnevno.When working with preschool children, it is necessary to use different aids. When choosing aids, educators have a lot of resources to choose from because they are not limited like teachers who have a lot of school reforms. Educators also have the task of adapting content to age, and there are several theories for this. One of them is Piaget's, and the other is Bandura's. Children should be encouraged to study independently and use such resources from an early age. In order for children to be encouraged to learn as much as possible, they need to be provided with such an environment and the means with which their learning is encouraged. It is the tools and aids that will encourage children to think and learn. There are appropriate means of work for each age of the child, the content of which can be adjusted to the age. In kindergartens, it is necessary to provide a space that is intended for this kind of learning. Mathematics is best learned with tools and aids. The means used for learning mathematics can be pins, rubber bands, cubes, etc. In addition to mathematical abilities, children also develop other intellectual skills, develop fine motor skills, oculomotor, social skills and emotions. Means of work can also be used when working with children who have developmental difficulties. Children with developmental difficulties need to adapt means of work sand adapt to them themselves. In this way, abilities can be further developed. In physical education various aids and means are also used that will show children certain activities in an even more interesting and easier way, facilitate the understanding of certain exercises, help them master motor movements, all in order to make children more motivated to work. Visual, auditory, audiovisual, textual as well as technical means and aids are means of encouraging children to work. This class has 4 parts, and activities and aids should be adapted to each part. In the future, computers will be used more and more as means of work to help children develop the basics of computer work. There are more and more digital games on computers that help children better understand concepts, but they can also get a vision of certain sports that they do not encounter on a daily basis

    Visual art techniques approprite for teaching children

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    Likovne aktivnosti bitna su sastavnica svih provedenih aktivnosti u dječjem vrtiću. Putem li- kovnih aktivnosti potiče se cjelokupni razvoj djeteta, a ponajviše razvoj kreativnosti, inovativ- nosti i mašte. Kako bi odgajatelj bio uspješan u provedbi likovnih aktivnosti trebao bi dobro poznavati likovne tehnike koje nudi djetetu, prilagodi ih njihovim mogućnostima i stvori poti- cajno okruženje. Važno je odgajateljevo poznavanje materijala te kako ih koristiti. Također, kod odabira likovne tehnike presudno je da su alati i materijali sigurni za djecu. Likovne teh- nike dijelimo na: crtače, slikarske, grafičke i trodimenzionalne tehnike. Svaka od navedenih likovnih tehnika dijeli se i po materijalu ili načinu koji koristimo unutar određene tehnike. Odabir likovnih tehnika koje su pogodne za rad s djecom ovisit će o dobi djece, dostupnim resursima i opremi, te specifičnim ciljevima koje odgajatelji žele postići te sigurnosti provođenja likovnih tehnika.Art activities are an essential component of all activities carried out in kindergarten. Through art activities, the overall development of the child is encouraged, especially the development of creativity, innovation and imagination. In order for the educator to be successful in the im- plementation of art activities, he should have a good knowledge of the art techniques he offers to the child, adapt them to their capabilities and create a stimulating environment. The teacher's knowledge of the materials and how to use them is important. Also, when choosing an art technique, it is crucial that the tools and materials are safe for children. Art techniques are divided into: drawing, painting, graphic and three-dimensional techniques. Each of the men- tioned art techniques is also divided by the material or method we use within a certain tech- nique. The selection of art techniques that are suitable for working with children will depend on the age of the children, the available resources and equipment, and the specific goals that educators want to achieve, as well as the safety of performing art techniques

    Methodical approaches to multiplying multi-digit numbers by a two-digit number

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    Matematika kao i ostali nastavni predmeti nastoji uvesti promjene u pristup učenju matematičkih sadržaja, a kako ljudi nisu skloni mijenjanju navika, pojavljuju se krive pretpostavke. Kako bi učenici mogli riješiti određeni matematički problem, potrebne su im upute, pravila ili algoritmi. Posebno je važno naglasiti da korištenje algoritama ne smije biti svedeno na učenje pravila napamet bez razumijevanja jer tako učenici ne znaju objasniti zašto rabe određeni postupak u rješavanju problema. Sve se više govori o učenju s osjećajem za brojeve koje se nastoji maksimalno primijeniti u nastavi matematike. Učenje s osjećajem za brojeve ne potiče učenike na izbjegavanje algoritama, koji su iznimno važni za matematiku, no potiče učenike da ih istražuju i koriste s razumijevanjem te da, ako mogu, osmisle i neke vlastite strategije. Kao i za svaki matematički sadržaj, poželjno je da učitelj poznaje načela početne nastave matematike te da uz njihovu pomoć prilagodi sadržaje učenicima kako bi ih oni što uspješnije svladali. Nakon što su učenici savladali osnovno množenje, prelazi se na množenje višeznamenkastih brojeva. Postoje različite metode i pristupi množenju višeznamenkastih brojeva. Ovaj diplomski rad donosi prikaz pojmova potrebnih za razumijevanje metodičkog pristupa množenju te raznolike primjere u kojima se prikazuju pristupi množenju višeznamenkastih brojeva dvoznamenkastim brojem iz hrvatskih, ali i stranih matematičkih udžbenika i priručnika.Mathematics, like other subjects, tries to introduce changes in the approach to learning mathematical content, and since people are not inclined to change their habits, wrong assumptions appear. In order for students to be able to solve a certain mathematical problem, they need instructions, rules or algorithms. It is especially important to emphasize that the use of algorithms should not be reduced to learning the rules by heart without understanding, because in this way students do not know how to explain why they use a certain procedure in solving problems. There is more and more talk about learning with a sense of numbers, which is tried to be maximally applied in mathematics lessons. Learning with number sense does not encourage students to avoid algorithms, which are extremely important to mathematics, but it does encourage students to explore and use them with understanding, and to devise some strategies of their own if they can. As with any mathematical content, it is desirable that the teacher knows the principles of elementary mathematics teaching and with their help adapts the contents to the students so that they can master them as successfully as possible. After students have mastered basic multiplication, they move on to multiplying multi-digit numbers. There are different methods and approaches to multiplying multi-digit numbers. This diploma thesis presents the concepts necessary for understanding the methodical approach to multiplication and various examples in which approaches to multiplying multi-digit numbers by two-digit numbers from Croatian and foreign mathematics textbooks and manuals are presented

    Motor abilities as sexual dimorphism in younger school age

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    Ovaj diplomski rad utemeljen je na istraživanju motoričkih sposobnosti kao spolnoga dimorfizma u mlađoj školskoj dobi. Cilj istraživanja bio je utvrditi postoje li statistički značajne razlike u motoričkim sposobnostima između dječaka i djevojčica te istaknuti njihovu važnost za pravilan razvoj i zdravlje djece. Uzorak antropometrijskih karakteristika čine tjelesna visina i dužina. Motoričke sposobnosti mjerene su putem standardiziranih testova. Dinamogena sposobnost očitovanja brzine mjerena je testom taping, eksplozivnost je pokazana uz pomoć testa skok udalj s mjesta, za repetitivnu dinamogenu sposobnost očitovanja snage koristio se test podizanja trupa, dinamogena sposobnost izdržljivosti u očitovanju snage provjeravana je testom izdržaj u visu, koordinacija se istraživala preko poligona natraške, dok je gibljivost testirana preko pretklona raznožno. Uzorak ispitanika činilo je ukupno 54 učenika iz jedne osnovne škole u Karlovcu. Analiza rezultata pomoću nezavisnog t-testa pokazuje kako u prvome razredu osnovne škole nije bilo statistički značajnih razlika između spolova, što se može objasniti usporednim razvojem obaju spolova do početka puberteta. U trećemu razredu postoji statistički značajna razlika između spolova, što se može pripisati ulasku u pubertetsko doba sazrijevanja. Rezultati nezavisnog t-testa potvrđuju statistički značajnu razliku u motoričkim sposobnostima između dječaka i djevojčica u obama razredima. Ovo je očekivano s obzirom na poznate razlike u motoričkom razvoju tijekom pubertetskog sazrijevanja. Kroz sustavno vježbanje moguće je ostvariti značajan utjecaj na razvoj motoričkih sposobnosti djece uključujući koordinaciju, dinamogenu sposobnost očitovanja snage, gibljivost i dinamogenu sposobnost očitovanja brzine. Posebna pažnja treba biti usmjerena na razvoj tih sposobnosti tijekom djetinjstva jer je u tom razdoblju utjecaj najizraženiji. Poboljšanje motoričkih sposobnosti ima mnoge pozitivne učinke na sveukupni razvoj djeteta uključujući funkcionalne, kognitivne i emocionalne aspekte.This master's thesis investigates motor abilities as sexual dimorphism in younger school-age children. The aim of the research was to determine if there are statistically significant differences in motor abilities between boys and girls and to emphasize their importance for proper development and children's health. The sample of anthropometric characteristics included body height and length. Motor abilities were measured through standardized tests. Dynamic ability to manifest speed was measured by the tapping test, explosive dynamic ability to manifest strength by the standing long jump test, repetitive dynamic ability to manifest strength by the sit-up test, static dynamic ability to manifest strength by the hanging test, coordination by the backward running test, and flexibility by the sit-and-reach test. The sample consisted of a total of 54 students from one primary school in the city of Karlovac. The analysis of the results using an independent t-test indicates that there were no statistically significant differences between genders in the 1st grade of elementary school, which can be explained by the parallel development of both genders until puberty. In the 3rd grade, there is a statistically significant difference between genders, which can be attributed to the onset of pubertal maturation. The results of the independent t-test confirm a statistically significant difference in motor abilities between boys and girls in both grades. This is expected considering the known differences in motor development during pubertal maturation. Through systematic exercise, a significant impact can be achieved on the development of motor abilities in children, including coordination, dynamic ability to manifest strength, flexibility, and dynamic ability to manifest speed. Special attention should be focused on the development of these abilities during childhood, as the influence is most pronounced during that period. Improving motor abilities has many positive effects on overall child development, including functional, cognitive, and emotional aspects

    Waldorf pedagogy

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    Waldorfsku pedagogiju utemeljio je Rudolf Steiner u prvoj polovici 20. stoljeća u Austriji. Ova pedagogija temelji se na pretpostavkama da je dijete duhovno biće i da mu se treba obraćati sa strahopoštovanjem iz duhovnog aspekta, te ga odgajati na primjeren način kako bi se razvilo u cjelovito biće. U odgoju djeteta trebaju se poštovati načela koja se temelje na promatranju: temperamenta, osjetila i sedmogodišnjih razdoblja. Pedagogija je implementirana u odgojno – obrazovni sustav i široko je zastupljena u vrtićima i školama. Kroz svakodnevne aktivnosti djeca usvajaju vještine i primjenjuju ih u svakodnevnom životu. Ritam u waldorfskim vrtićima provodi se kroz godišnji, tjedni i dnevni program. Posebna pozornost pridaje se organizaciji prostora, materijalima i igračkama koje su izrađene od prirodnih materijala. Waldorfski vrtići nemaju program već nastaju tako što odgojitelj osluškuje dječje potrebe, te mu se na taj način prilagođava. Kako bi bio što bolji uzor, odgojitelj mora neprestano raditi na sebi, a taj način nastoji dijete u potpunosti pripremati za život.Waldorf pedagogy was founded by Rudolf Steiner in the first half of the 20th century in Austria. This pedagogy is based on the assumptions that the child is a spiritual being and that it should be addressed with awe from a spiritual aspect, and raised in an appropriate way in order to develop into a complete being. In raising a child, principles based on observation of: temperament, senses and seven-year periods should be respected. Pedagogy is implemented in the educational system and is widely represented in kindergartens and schools. Through daily activities, children acquire skills and apply them in everyday life. Rhythm in Waldorf kindergartens is implemented through annual, weekly and daily programs. Special attention is paid to the organization of space, materials and toys made from natural materials. Waldorf kindergartens do not have a program, but are created by the teacher listening to the children's needs and thus adapting to them. In order to be the best possible role model, the educator must constantly work on himself, and in this way he tries to fully prepare the child for life

    Burnout in early and preschool educators

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    Odgoj i obrazovanje, u okviru institucija ranog i predškolskog odgoja i obrazovanja, kvalitetu ne može postići bez socio pedagoškog konteksta. Društvene promjene utječu na promjene u radu i pristupu navedenih institucija te pedagoških djelatnika. Stoga, odgojitelji se svakodnevno suočavaju s novim izazovima i potrebama koje im nameće moderno društvo. Provedena istraživanja ukazuju da je odgojiteljska profesija iznimno zahtjevan i stresan posao, koji ukoliko se ne koriste prave tehnike, može za posljedicu imati sagorijevanje. Svakodnevna izloženost interakciji i emocionalnim odnosima s djecom različite kronološke i razvojne dobi, odraslima (roditeljima i drugim sustručnjacima) ili stručnim osobljem (ravnatelji, stručni tim), osobito tijekom dužeg vremenskog perioda mogu biti uzroci sindroma sagorijevanja. Cilj ovog rada bio je utvrditi razinu sagorijevanja na uzorku odgojitelja ranog i predškolskog odgoja i obrazovanja te povezanost sagorijevanja sa simptomima psihofizičkih smetnji. U svrhu navedenog, provedeno je online istraživanje. Istraživanju je pristupilo 209 ispitanika, odgojiteljica i odgojitelja diljem Republike Hrvatske u dobi od 19 do 62 godine. Za procjenu psihofizičkih smetnji u radu je korištena lista od deset smetnji koje su ispitanici (odgojitelji) procjenjivali na skali od 0 (Uopće se ne odnosi na mene) do 3 (U potpunosti se odnosi na mene). Za procjenu razine sagorijevanja korištena je jedna čestica (Sagorio sam zbog mog posla) u kojoj su ispitanici svoje slaganje s česticom označavali na skali od 1 (uopće se ne slažem) do 7 (posve se slažem). Rezultati istraživanja potvrđuju postojanje pozitivne korelacije sagorijevanja sa svim psihofizičkim simptomima.Care and education, within the institutions of early and preschool education, cannot reach quality without a socio pedagogical context. Social changes, affect changes in the work and approach of these institutions and pedagogical workers. Therefore, educators face new challenges and needs imposed by modern society every day. Conducted researches indicates that the preschool educator profession is an extremely demanding and stressful job, which, if the right techniques are not used properly, can result in burnout. Daily exposure to interaction and emotional relationships with children of different chronological and developmental ages, adults (parents and other professionals) or professional staff (principals, expert team), especially over a long period of time can be causes of burnout. The aim of this study was to determine the level of burnout on the sample of early and preschool educators and the association of burnout with the symptoms of psychophysical disorders. For the purpose of the above, an online survey was conducted. The research was conducted by 209 respondents, educators and educators throughout the Republic of Croatia between the ages of 19 and 62. To assess psychophysical disturbances in the paper, a list of ten disturbances was used, which the subjects (preschool teachers) assessed on a scale from 0 (Not applies to me at all) to 3 (It fully applies to me). To estimate the level of combustion, one particle was used (I was burned because of my job) in which the respondents marked their agreement with the particle on a scale from 1 (I do not agree at all) to 7 (I completely agree)

    Cooperation with parents in music education of young and preschool children

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    Suradnički odnos roditelja i odgojitelja važan je preduvjet kvalitete cjelokupnog odgojnoobrazovnog procesa. Međusobno uvažavanje, povjerenje i komunikacija značajke su suradnje kojom pozitivno utječemo na cjelokupni razvoj pojedinca. Dobrobiti partnerstva dobro su poznate, a vrlo često odgojitelji su pokretači te imaju odgovarajuća znanja koja su potrebna za suradnju s roditeljima. Ipak, stavovi, a osobito komunikacijske vještine, neizostavan su dio odgojiteljske kompetencije za suradnju s roditeljima. Odgovornost za dobrobit djeteta je i na odgojitelju i na roditelju koji zajednički djeluju u skladu prema djetetovim interesima i sposobnostima. U kontekstu glazbenog obrazovanja djece ističe se dobrobit glazbe i njezin utjecaj na cjelokupni razvoj djeteta. Dijete je izloženo glazbi u svojoj okolini od najranije dobi te je dokazano da se djeca rađaju s nekim glazbenim sklonostima. Na razvoj glazbenih sposobnosti utječe djetetova okolina koju čine obiteljski dom i predškolska ustanova. Kako bi se razumio cjelokupni glazbeni kontekst obitelji, ciljevi istraživanja su: ispitati glazbeno iskustvo roditelja te njihove stavove o doprinosu njihovog glazbenog iskustva na glazbenu aktivnost djeteta. Nadalje, cilj rada je ispitati stavove roditelja s obzirom na zajedničke glazbene aktivnosti roditelja i djeteta te učestalost njihovog provođenja kao i stavove roditelja o glazbenim aktivnostima njihovog djeteta u vrtiću. Rezultati istraživanja pokazali su kako su plesanje, pjevanje i slušanje glazbe najčešće glazbene aktivnosti u kojima uživaju kako djeca sama tako i roditelji s djecom. Glazbena okolina bogata je glazbenim poticajima (glazbeni uređaji, instrumenti, igračke). Roditelji prepoznaju i ističu dobrobit glazbe za djetetov razvoj te iskazuju velik interes za uključivanje djece u izvanvrtićke glazbene aktivnosti. Zaključno se utvrđuje kako su okruženje i vlastita aktivnost djeteta ključni za razvoj glazbenih sposobnosti te je istaknuta vrijednost zajedničkih glazbenih aktivnosti djece i roditelja. Premda je spomenuta moguća povezanost između kućnog okruženja i djetetove sklonosti prema glazbi, ona nije potvrđena te su potrebna daljnja istraživanja ove teme.Good cooperation between parents and kindergarten teachers is an essential prerequisite for the quality of the overall educational process. Mutual respect, trust, and communication are the characteristics of the cooperation that has a positive impact on the overall development of an individual. The benefits of partnership are well-known. Kindergarten teachers are often the ones who initiate cooperation because they possess the appropriate knowledge required for it. However, attitudes and communication skills are an integral part of the educational competence for cooperation with parents. The responsibility for the well-being of the child lies with both the educator and the parents, who work together taking into consideration the child's abilities and interests. During children's music education, the benefits of music and its impact on the overall development of the child come to the foreground. Children are exposed to music in their environment from an early age, and it is proven that they are born with some musical inclinations. The development of musical abilities is influenced by the child's environment, which includes their family and preschool institution. To understand the overall musical context within families, the research aims to investigate parents' musical experience and their views on how much it contributes to the child's musical activity. Furthermore, the aim of the study is to investigate parents' attitudes regarding the joint musical activities by parents and children, their frequency, as well as parents' views on their child's musical activities in the kindergarten. The information was collected by a questionnaire about the musical habits and characteristics of the musical environment of preschool children and their parents. The results have shown that dancing, singing and listening to music are the most common musical activities that children enjoy either on their own or together with their parents. The musical environment is rich in musical stimuli (e.g. musical devices, instruments, toys). Parents recognize and emphasize the benefits of music for their child's development and show great interest in getting their children involved in extracurricular musical activities. In conclusion, the research has shown that the child's environment and their own involvement are crucial for the development of musical abilities. Furthermore, the value of joint musical activities by children and parents has been emphasized. Although there might exist the connection between the family environment and the child's musical inclination, it has not been confirmed yet and therefore needs some further research

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