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Decentralized finance
No full textDecentralizirano financiranje (DeFi) u svijetu je još uvijek daleko od poznatog
pojma, a naročito primjene u svakodnevnici. Razlog tome je trenutno uska mogućnost
temeljnoga objašnjenja kako to zapravo funkcionira i zašto pojedinac ne bi više morao biti
ovisan o svojoj banci. Glavni motiv decentralizacije jest oslobađanje „malih ljudi“ od
velikih moćnika koji upravljaju masovnim količinama novaca i bankama. Putem
Blockchain tehnologije svaka transakcija je vidljiva i transparentna u samome kodu. Dajući
pojedincu pristup i kontrolu novaca na njegov izbor bilo kad i u bilo koje vrijeme. Tržišta
su uvijek otvorena i nema centraliziranih tijela koja mogu blokirati plaćanja ili uskratiti
pristup bilo čemu. DeFi je otvoreni i globalni financijski sustav izgrađen na internetu za
svakoga. U kodu leži istina.Decentralization (Defi) in the world is still far from being known, especially for
everyday use. The reason for this is the currently narrow possibility of a fundamental
explanation of how this actually works and why the individual should no longer be
dependent on his/her bank. The main motive of decentralization itself is the release of
“small people” from large powers who manage mass amounts of money and banks.
Through Blockchain technology, each transaction is visible and transparent in the code
itself. It gives an individual access and control of funds to person's choice at any time.
Markets are always open and there are no centralised bodies that can block payments or
deny access to anything. Defi is an open and global financial system built online for
everyone. The truth lays in the cod
Technological caracteristics of LNG ships through history
No full textPočetkom korištenja prirodnog plina kao goriva dolazi do potrebe za LNG brodovima, koji pružaju najefikasniji prijevoz od mjesta nalazišta do potrošača. U ovom završnom radu obrađivat će se povijesni razvoj takvih brodova te kako oni izgledaju danas. U početku su to bili prenamijenjeni brodovi za prijevoz rasutog tereta, danas su to vrlo moderni brodovi građeni prema SOLAS konvenciji (International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea – SOLAS) sa sigurnosnim sustavima kao što je ESD (Emergency shutdown) kako bi imali maksimalnu sigurnost sa stajališta posade i okoliša. Posada je posebno uvježbana prema STCW konvenciji (International Convention on Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers - STCW).With the start of the use of natural gas as fuel, there is a need for LNG ships, which provide the most efficient transport form site to the consumer. This project will deal with the historical development of such ships and how they look today. Initially these were converted bulk carriers, today they are very modern ships built according to SOLAS convention with safety systems such as ESD to have maximum safety from point of view pf the crew and the environment. The crew is specially trained according to STCW convention
Systems for computer managment of maintenance on ships
No full textOdržavanje broda predstavlja jedan od najvažnijih procesa i skupova aktivnosti na brodu. Cilj održavanja broda jest održavanje broda i njegove opreme u radnom stanju, preveniranje zastoja radu broda i popravljanje kvarova koji mogu narušiti rad broda. Održavanje se treba provoditi uz minimalne troškove i održavanje maksimalne radne sposobnosti i produljenje vijeka trajanja broda. Postoji nekoliko modela rada broda, od kojih su najvažniji preventivno održavanje koje se sastoji od periodičnog održavanja i održavanja prema stanju, korektivno održavanje i terotehnološko održavanje. Sam proces održavanja broda zasniva se na informiranju o stanju brodskih komponenti, planiranju održavanja, postavljanju zadataka, izvršavanju navedenih zadataka i analize, to jest evaluacije obavljenih zadataka. Održavanje broda se provodi putem nekoliko različitih metoda, od kojih su najvažnije održavanje broda temeljeno na kalendarskom roku, održavanje broda na temelju pogonskih sati rada, održavanje broda nakon kvara, održavanje temeljem provjere stanja i performansi i tekuće održavanje. U suvremenom tehnološkom dobu informacijska i tehnička rješenja se sve više i više upotrebljavaju za poboljšavanje različitih aspekata brodskog funkcioniranja, pa tako i održavanja. Održavanje broda putem računalnih sustava provodi se pomoću ekspertnih sustava koji su programirani tako da sadrže bazu podataka o brodskim komponentama i mogu rješavati složene zadatke i pružati rješenja o održavanju. Najvažniji sustavi za računalno upravljanje brodskim održavanjem su Amos, Bassnet, Titan i Maritime CMMS Software, te se njihove specifikacije i prednosti opisuju u radu.Ship maintenance is one of the most important processes and sets of activities on board. The goal of ship maintenance is to keep the ship and its equipment in working condition, prevent downtime and repair malfunctions that may impair the ship's operation. Maintenance should be carried out with minimum costs and maintaining maximum working capacity and prolonging the life of the ship. There are several models of ship operation, the most important of which are preventive maintenance consisting of periodic maintenance and maintenance according to condition, corrective maintenance and terotechnological maintenance. The ship maintenance process itself is based on information about the state of the ship's components, maintenance planning, task setting, execution of said tasks and analysis, that is, evaluation of completed tasks. Ship maintenance is carried out through several different methods, the most important of which are ship maintenance based on a calendar term, ship maintenance based on operating hours, ship maintenance after a breakdown, maintenance based on condition and performance checks, and ongoing maintenance. In the modern technological age, information and technical solutions are used more and more to improve various aspects of ship functioning, including maintenance. Ship maintenance through computer systems is carried out using expert systems that are programmed to contain a database of ship components and can solve complex tasks and provide maintenance solutions. The most important systems for computer management of ship maintenance are Amos, Bassnet, Titan and Maritime CMMS Software, and their specifications and advantages are described in the paper
The human factor and preventing accidents at sea
No full textČesto se incidenti pripisuju ljudskoj djelatnosti. To ostavlja dojam da ljudi uzrokuju incidente. Međutim, većina pogrešaka, radnji i odluka same su rezultat načina na koji je radno mjesto postavljeno, kako je rad osmišljen, opreme i mjera kontrole te načina na koji vodstvo utječe na organizacijsku kulturu. Ljudski faktor čine fizičke, psihološke i društvene karakteristike koje utječu na interakciju ljudi s opremom, sustavima, procesima, drugim pojedincima i radnim timovima. Ljudi na brodovima te timovi za podršku su ti koji osiguravaju siguran rad. Međutim, ljudska pogreška i dalje se javlja u interakciji s uvjetima, sustavima i/ili drugim ljudima. Rješavanjem ovih interakcija možemo smanjiti ljudsku pogrešku, time smanjujući incidente i poboljšavajući pouzdanost i produktivnost.Often incidents are attributed to human involvement. This gives the impression that people cause incidents. However, most mistakes, actions and decisions are themselves the result of the way the workplace is set up, how work is designed, equipment and control measures, and how leaders influence the culture in an organisation. Human factors are the physical, psychological and social characteristics that affect human interaction with equipment, systems, processes, other individuals and work team(s). It is the people on our ships and in our operations and support teams who make safety work. However, human error still occurs in interaction with conditions, systems and/or other people. By addressing these interactions, we can reduce human error, thereby reducing incidents and improving reliability and productivity
Comparison of starting air system on simulator and actual ship. : Comparison of starting air system on simulator and actual ship.
No full textU ovom radu obrađen je sustav uputnog zraka. Kao primjer sustava uzeta su dva simulatora te sustav na stvarnome brodu. Pomoću shema objašnjeni su glavni dijelovi sustava te način na koji se zrak dovodi u cilindre. Osim upućivanja motora, uputni zrak se koristi i za zaustavljanje motora aktiviranjem preljevnih ventila na visokotlačnim pumpama goriva. Koristi se i za prekret razvodnika uputnog zraka pomoću kojeg se mjenja smjer vožnje u naprijed/nazad.In this final paper, the starting air system is explained. As an example of the system, two simulators and the system on a real ship were taken. The main parts of the system and the way in which air is supplied to the cylinders are explained with the help of schemes. In addition to starting the engine, the starting air is also used to stop the engine by activating the overflow valves on the high-pressure fuel pumps. It is also used to reverse the starting air distributor, which is used to change the driving direction to forward/backward
Tourism and sustainable development in the coastal area
No full textTurizam spada u najdinamičnije gospodarske grane i predstavlja skup odnosa i pojava koje se događaju prilikom doticaja turista s turističkom destinacijom. Turizam je snažan čimbenik gospodarskog razvoja, a ujedno je i najsnažnija grana hrvatskog gospodarstva. Održivi razvoj je tip razvoja koji ispunjava aktualne potrebe društva uzimajući u obzir potrebe budućih generacija. Održivi razvoj jamči ravnotežu između društva, ekonomije i ekologije. Održivi turizam uspostavlja ravnotežu između ostvarivanja profita i očuvanja okoliša. Održivi turizam donosi boljitak lokalnoj zajednici, uspostavlja društvenu pravednost, čuva prirodnu, povijesnu i kulturnu baštinu, štiti okoliš i koristi resurse na pravi način. Integralno upravljanje obalnim područjem (IUOP) je stalni proces koji implementira održivi razvoj, čuva obalne prostore i njihovu bioraznolikost. Svrha IUOP-a je ukloniti sve prijetnje koje proizlaze iz trendova neodrživog razvoja. Grad Zadar je izvrstan primjer održivog razvoja. Glavni cilj održivog razvoja turizma u gradu Zadru je zaštita bogate kulturno-povijesne baštine i stabilan turistički rast.Tourism is one of the most dynamic industries and is a set of relationships and phenomena that occur when tourists come into contact with a tourist destination. Tourism is a strong factor in economic development. At the same time, tourism is the strongest branch of the Croatian economy. Sustainable development is a type of development that meets the current needs of society, considering the needs of future generations. Sustainable development guarantees a balance between society, economy and ecology. Sustainable tourism strikes a balance between making a profit and preserving the environment. Sustainable tourism benefits the local community, establishes social justice, preserves natural, historical and cultural heritage, protects the environment and uses resources in the right way. Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) is an ongoing process that implements sustainable development, preserves coastal areas and their biodiversity. The purpose of ICZM is to remove all threats arising from unsustainable development trends. The city of Zadar is an excellent example of sustainable development. The main goal of sustainable tourism development in the city of Zadar is the protection of rich cultural and historical heritage and stable tourist growth
Stability of passenger ships
No full textStabilnost putničkih brodova pojašnjena je kroz devet poglavlja. Radi što boljeg razumijevanja stabilnosti prvo se spominje povijest i postepena upotreba na brodovima iznimnih veličina. Putnički brodovi su uz stabilnost glavna tema ovog rada, te njihova evolucija kroz zadnjih tri desetljeća. Dodatno su prikazane pojedine zakonitosti i pravila koja su neizostavan dio plovidbe. Objašnjeni su sustavi stabilizacije kao stavka koja pridonosi ugodnosti tijekom plovidbe i njihov doprinos na putničkim brodovima. Također se pridodaje važnost inovativnim rješenjima i napredak tehnologije u pomorskoj industriji. Nekada nezamislive stvari su danas nadohvat ruke i jednostavno prikazane časnicima radi što sigurnije plovidbe. Pomorska industrija od početaka konstantno evoluira i raste, novi izumi i unaprjeđenja nastaju svaki dan, no bez početaka određivanja i postavljanja kriterija stabilnosti današnji razvoj svijeta i pomorstva bio bi nemoguć.Cruise ship stability is simplified throughout nine chapters. For the better understanding of stability, the history of stability and it’s implementation on large ships is explained at the beginning. Along with stability, passenger ships are the main topic of this paper, and their evolution over the last three decades. Buoyancy laws without which navigation is impossible are illustrated in more detail, as well as stabilization systems which contribute to the comfort of passenger ships while at sea. There is also an emphasis on innovative solutions and technological advances in the maritime industry. Things that used to be unimaginable are now within reach of a hand and simply shown on monitors to officers for the safest possible navigation. The maritime industry has been constantly evolving and growing since the beginning, new inventions are created every day, but without the beginnings of determining and setting stability criteria, today’s world and maritime development would be impossible
Pan-european traffic corridor and TEN-T network with an emphasis on Croatia
No full textU ovome završnome radu obrađuje se TEN-T mreža i Paneuropski prometni koridori
na području Europe. TEN-T koridori su važan faktor povezevinja članica EU, iz razloga
što financiraju te ujednačavaju prometnice svih kategorija. Prvi dio rada govori o
karakteristikama TEN-T mreže te obuhvaća podjelu mreže na osnovnu i sveobuhvatnu.
TEN-T mreža se dijeli na 9 koridora koji su povezani s Paneuropskim koridorima. U
drugom djelu rada obrađuju se TEN-T prometni koridori te Paneuropski pravci na teritoriju
RH. U trećem dijelu rada naznačuju se kriteriji koji su potrebni za ulazak pojedinih
dijelova sveobuhvatne mreže u osnovnu mrežu te se nominira dio obuhvatne mreže u RH
za postati dio osnovne mreže. U zaključku slijedi kratak osvrt na cjelokupni rad.This final paper deals with the TEN-T network and the Pan-European transport
corridors in Europe. TEN-T corridors are an important factor in connecting EU members,
because they finance and standardize roads of all categories. The first part of the paper
talks about the characteristics of the TEN-T network and includes the division of the
network into basic and comprehensive. The TEN-T network is divided into 9 corridors that
are connected to the Pan-European corridors. The second part of the work deals with TEN-
T transport corridors and Pan-European routes on the territory of the Republic of Croatia.
In the third part of the paper, the criteria necessary for the entry of certain parts of the
comprehensive network into the basic network are indicated, and a part of the
comprehensive network in the Republic of Croatia is nominated to become part of the
basic network. In the conclusion, there is a short overview of the entire work
Transportation of dry bulk cargo by sea
No full textPrijevoz rasutog tereta učinkovit je način prijevoza ogromnih količina robe između zemalja bez puno komplikacija. Nove tehnologije čine prijenos tereta jednostavnijim no ikad, bez ikakvih nedostataka. Stoga je važno da se održava i poboljšava tehnološki napredak pri dizajniranju učinkovitih mehanizama za prijevoz rasutog tereta između zemalja. U pomorskom prometu rasuti teret se prevozi u brodskim skladištima. Prijevoznik je taj koji odlučuje koje je prijevozno sredstvo prikladno za određeni rasuti teret. Stoga prijevoz rasutog tereta zahtijeva visoku razinu stručnosti i veliko iskustvo kako bi se postigla optimalna izvedba prijevoza.Bulk transport is an efficient way of transporting huge quantities of goods between countries without much complication. New tehnologies make the transfer of cargo easier than ever, without any drawbacks. It is therefore important that tehnological progress is maintained and improved when designing efficient mechanisms fot transporting bulk cargo between countries. In transoceanic shipping, bulk cargo is transported in ship holds. It is the carrier who decides which means of transport is suitable for a particular bulk cargo. Therefore, the transport of bulk cargo requires a high level of expertise and extensive experience in order to achieve optimal transport performance
Marine rotary pumps
No full textU ovom radu opisan je rad pumpi te njihova podjela, karakteristike i područje primjene na brodu. Od svih tipova pumpi odabrane su rotacijske od kojih su centrifugalne, zupčaste i vijčane detaljno opisane.
Svakoj pumpi prvo je objašnjen princip rada i neke od glavnih karakteristika pumpe. Nakon toga svakoj od navedenih pumpi opisana je konstrukcijska izvedba uz priložene slike na kojima su vidljivi presjeci sa glavnim dijelovima pumpe i karakteristične veličine. Opis svake pumpe završava sa njenim problemima te načinom ispravnog održavanja same.
Na kraju se na temelju prethodno napisanog sadržaja iznosi zaključak u kom se daje još kratak pregled na najbitnije.This final thesis describes the operation of pumps and their classification, characteristics and field of application on the ship. Of all the types of pumps, rotary ones were the main focus, of which centrifugal, gear, and screw pumps are described in detail.
In the first place, some of the main characteristics of the pump are described. In addition to that, there is also a explanation of the working principles. After that, the structural performance of each mentioned pumps is described, along with the attached pictures, which show cross-sections with the main parts of the pump and characteristic sizes. The description of each pump ends with its problems and how to properly maintain it.
Lastly, a conclusion based on the previously written content is presented, along with the brief summary of the most important facts