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Risk assessment of the extraordinary pollution in the Adriatic Sea as an economically important area for the Republic of Croatia
No full textRisk assessment links the likelihood of adverse events occurring to their consequences. Such assessment is used in labour management and trade-off determination to identify the safety and impacts associated with a particular interest. In the maritime sector, it is mainly used to raise safety standards, prevent pollution, and maintain a healthy marine ecosystem. Risk control itself is traditionally focused on the relationships between individual actions and consequences, which are later considered in groups to assess their acceptability in accordance with safety requirements. Therefore, the risk assessment for the extraordinary pollution of the Adriatic Sea as an economically important area for the Republic of Croatia are described in this paper. First, the area of analysis is defined, and a meteorological description of the eastern Adriatic coast is provided. The risk assessment is carried out in three steps. The first step is a description of waterways, and the analysis of traffic density, regulations, and types of vessels in individual areas. The second step is a detailed analysis of statistical data on accidents in the Adriatic Sea. Finally, the most probable and the most undesirable extraordinary pollution events and their impact on the Croatian economy are analysed. In addition, examples and procedures for determining risk acceptability and its control in a part of the Croatian coast are presented
Overview of New Regulations on Reception and Handling of Ship Waste
No full textIn 2019, a new Directive (EU) 2019/883 on port facilities for the reception of ship-generated waste was adopted at the level of the European Union), repealing the old Directive 2000/59/EC of 2000 (hereinafter: Directive (EU) 2019/883). In order to implement the Directive (EU) 2019/883 into the national legal system, in 2021 the Republic of Croatia adopted a new Ordinance on the terms and methods of maintaining order in ports and other parts of the internal sea waters and the territorial sea of the Republic of Croatia (hereinafter: Ordinance) and thus transposed the new regulations on the delivery and handling of ship-generated waste into the Croatian legal system. The aim of the paper is to present the new solutions for the reception and handling of ship-generated waste from the Directive (EU) 2019/883 and to compare the solutions from the Directive (EU) 2019/883 with the Croatian legal framework for the reception and handling of ship-generated waste through a comparative analysis. Finally, an assessment of the creation of an adequate legal framework for the reception and handling of ship-generated waste in Croatian ports is provided, as well as suggestions for filling existing legal gaps. An analysis of the Croatian legal framework has shown that there are mutual inconsistencies, and that there is a need to revise the provisions of the Maritime Code and the Ordinance when receiving and handling of ship-generated waste
Titanic : ship that changed maritime future
No full textTema ovog završnog rada je potonuće broda RMS Titanic te posljedično unaprjeđenje procesa pomorskog poduhvata. Rad se sastoji od pet poglavlja u kojima je opisan životni put i ostavština broda RMS Titanic, od ideje za njegovu izgradnju, preko njegova tragičnog kraja na svom prvom putovanju, do poboljšanja sigurnosti i ostalih aspekata plovidbe. Rad se nastavlja sa opisom dviju istraga o potonuću te zaključcima i preporukama za poboljšanje koje su istrage iznjedrile. U narednom dijelu rada je objašnjeno na koji su način preporuke istražnih odbora postale međunarodna pravna regulativa. U konačnici je izložena usporedba pravila koja su vrijedila za Titanic te danas važećih pravila triju međunarodnih konvencija koje uređuju obuku posade, izbjegavanje sudara na moru i nadoknadu štete. Ovom usporedbom je zorno prikazano poboljšanje raznih aspekata pomorstva čije korijene možemo pronaći u poukama izvučenima nakon potonuća RMS Titanic.Topic of this undergraduate thesis is how did sinking of RMS Titanic improve various aspects of maritime endeavor. Five chapters that form this thesis, describe the life and the legacy of RMS Titanic, from the very idea of building such a ship, over her tragic end on her maiden voyage all the way to the improvements on safety and other aspects of navigation. Furthermore, thesis describes the two investigations which followed the sinking and gives conclusions and recommendations which were brought about. Thesis continues with explanations how those recommendations became to be maritime legislation. Conclusion of the thesis is a comparison of maritime legislation in the time of Titanic and the legislation in present time given by three conventions which cover topics of crew training, collision regulations and liability claims. This comparison clearly shows the improvements of various aspects of navigation, whose roots can be found in the lessons learnt after the sinking of RMS Titanic
North adriatic ports association
No full textJadransko more predstavlja najuvučeniji dio mora u kopno i zbog toga je od velike važnosti za zemlje u unutrašnjosti Europe. Na sjevernom dijelu Jadrana svojom se veličinom i prometom ističu luke Ravenna, Venecija, Trst, Kopar i Rijeka. One predstavljaju početak prometnog koridora koji vodi u unutrašnjost kontinenta. Putem njih zemlje centralne Europe mogu sudjelovati u globalnoj trgovini. Uz to, luke imaju redovite pomorske veze sa Srednjim i Dalekim Istokom. Luke su se paralelno razvijale dugi niz godina, razapete između međusobne suradnje i natjecanja. Naposlijetku osnivaju međunarodno udruženje u svrhu opstanka i višeg položaja na visokokonkuretnom europskom tržištu. Glavni cilj organizacije je natjecanje na lokalnoj i suradnja na internacionalnoj razini.The Adriatic Sea is the most indented part of the sea inland and is therefore of great importance for the countries in the interior of Europe. In the northern part of the Adriatic, the ports of Ravenna, Venice, Trieste, Koper and Rijeka stand out for their size and traffic. They represent the beginning of a traffic corridor leading into the interior of the continent. Through them, Central European countries can participate in global trade. In addition, the ports have regular maritime connections with the Middle and Far East. Ports have been developing in parallel for many years, torn between mutual cooperation and competition. Eventually, they founded an international association for the purpose of survival and a higher position in a highly competitive European market. The main goal of the organization is competition at the local level and cooperation at the international level
Application of artificial intelligence methods for maritime data utilization
No full textU radu su obrađeni pomorski podaci dobiveni Automatskim identifikacijskim sustavom te njihova primjena korištenjem strojnog učenja. Uz to obrađene su i metode umjetne inteligencije koje se uz pomoć podataka dobivenih putem AIS-a svakodnevno koriste u pomorstvu. Rad prikazuje i pojašnjava korištenje pomorskih podataka za otkrivanje pomorskih anomalija, za procjenu rizika od sudara, predviđanje putanje plovila, te za određivanje učinkovitosti plovila i luka. Također, u radu su prikazani novi i budući trendovi kao i nove tehnologije koje će ubrzo postati svakodnevna primjena.The paper deals with maritime data obtained by the Automatic Identification System and their application using machine learning. In addition, the methods of artificial intelligence, which are used daily in the maritime industry with the help of data obtained with AIS, are also covered. The paper presents and explains the use of maritime data to detect maritime anomalies, to assess the risk of collisions, to predict the trajectory of vessels, and to determine the efficiency of vessels and ports. Also, the paper presents new and future trends as well as new technologies that will soon become everyday applications
Concessions and property rights on maritime common good as transport development factors
No full textPomorsko dobro za Republiku Hrvatsku i svaku primorsku i pomorsku zemlju je od velike prirodne i gospodarske važnosti. S toga svaka takva zemlja pa i Republika Hrvatska odredila je regulatorne instrumente za njegovu upotrebu i korištenje. Glavnu ulogu ima Zakon o pomorskom dobru i morskim lukama 2003. U ovom radu analizirano je koncesioniranje pomorskog dobra i sva pravna vrela u vezi s time te vlasnička prava. Kao primjer koncesijskog odobrenja ovaj rad analizira koncesijsko odobrenje na mikrolokaciji Sv. Katarina i Monumenti putem analize odredba od strane Vlade i analizu područja te projekta za koncesijsko područje.Maritime resources are of great natural and economic importance for the Republic of Croatia and every coastal and maritime country. Therefore, each such country, including the Republic of Croatia, has determined regulatory instruments for its use. The main role is played by the Law on Maritime Property and Sea Ports of 2003. This paper analyzes the concessioning of maritime property and all related legal sources and ownership rights. As an example of concession approval, this paper analyzes the concession approval at the microlocation of St. Katarina and Monuments through the analysis of the provisions of the Government and the analysis of the area and the project for the concession area
Types of vessels used during the removal of marine pollution
No full textOnečišćenje mora sve je veći problem čovječanstva. Onečišćenje može biti uzrokovano balastom, fekalijama koje ispuštaju brodovi, tankerskim nesrećama, izljevanjem ulja, plastikom. U današnje vrijeme najveća onečišćenja su onečišćenja plastikom i naftom. Neka onečišćenja je lakše riješiti dok sa nekima poput onečišćenja plastikom koja je veliki problem današnjice ili naftom koja se zbog svojih svojastava teško razgrađuje moraju se poduzeti različite mjere sanacije. Kako bi se problem sa onečišćenjem riješio poseže se za korištenjem raznih plovila. Ona čovjeku omogućuju lakše rukovanje otpadom i drugim zagađivačima. Postoji mnogo brodova takozvanih čistača kojima je primarna uloga čistiti more od otpada ili nafte. Sanacija onečišćenja na morima gotovo je nezamisliva bez pomoći specijalnih brodova. Svaki od brodova čistača ima opremu te mogućnosti čišćenja mora. O njihovoj važnoj ulozi dovoljno govore planovi za budućnost tj.ogromna financijska ulaganja. Osim važnosti samih plovila bitno je naglasiti sredstva za uklanjanje onečišćenja poput skimera, brana, upijača itd...Sea pollution is a growing problem of humanity. Pollution can be caused by ballast, faeces discharged by ships, tanker accidents, oil spills, plastics. Today, the biggest pollution is plastic and oil. Some pollutions are easier to solve, while others, such as plastic pollution, which is a big problem today, or oil, which is difficult to break down due to its characteristics, require different remedial measures. In order to solve the pollution problem, the use of various vessels is resorted to. It enables man to handle waste and other pollutants more easily. There are many so-called cleaner ships whose primary role is to clean the sea of waste or oil. Remediation of pollution at sea is almost unthinkable without the help of special ships. Each of the cleaning boats has equipment and sea cleaning capabilities. Plans for the future like huge financial investments, speak volumes about their important role. In addition to the importance of the vessels themselves, it is important to emphasize the means for removing pollution such as skimmers, dams, absorbents, etc
Sea pollution with dangerous and harmful substances
No full textKroz rad je definirana problematika vezana uz opasne tvari i štetne tvari te njihov utjecaj na
okoliš (more). Kada je riječ o kemijskom onečišćenju, ono se definira kao unišenje štetnih tvari u
okoliš. Nadalje, mnogi zagađivači koje je stvorio čovjek dospijevaju u vode, mora i ocean te
stvaraju ekološki problem, zagađivači su: pesticidi, herbicidi, gnojiva, deterdženti, nafta,
industrijske kemikalije i kanalizacija. Nadalje, samim ispuštanjem u okoliš dolazi do poremećaja
u njemu, pa se događa da mnoge životinje konzumiraju te kemijske tvari koje kasnije
apsorbcijom dolaze u organizam čovjeka. Nadalje, onečišćenje često dolazi iz izvora kao što su
poljoprivredno otjecanje, otpad nošen vjetrom i prašina. Kroz rad je definirana problematika uz
dostupnu literaturu te relevantne internetske izvore.Through the paper, the issues related to hazardous substances and harmful substances and their
impact on the environment (sea) are defined. When it comes to chemical pollution, it is defined
as the destruction of harmful substances in the environment. Furthermore, many man-made
pollutants reach the waters, seas and oceans and create an ecological problem, the pollutants are:
pesticides, herbicides, fertilizers, detergents, oil, industrial chemicals and sewage. Furthermore,
the mere release into the environment leads to disturbances in it, so it happens that many animals
consume these chemical substances, which are later absorbed into the human body. Furthermore,
pollution often comes from sources such as agricultural runoff, wind-blown debris, and dust.
Through the paper, the problem is defined along with the available literature and relevant
internet sources
The development tendency of containerization in the world
No full textKontejnerski promet se je probijao vrlo brzo pa je svojom velikom dinamikom u
kratkom vremenu zahvatio brodarstvo, luke, brodogradnju, željeznice, cestovni promet,
unutrašnju plovidbu pa čak i zračni promet iako nisu riješena mnoga važna pitanja na
području prava, osiguranja, odgovornosti nositelja prijevoza, carina, dokumentacije, špedicije
i normiranja. Naročito se teško osjeća nedostatak obveznih propisa koji bi bili u sladu sa
zahtjevima jednog potpunog integriranog međunarodnog transportnog sustava premda su i na
tom području u međuvremenu postignuti značajni uspjesi.
Nema nikakve sumnje da će se kontejnerizacija i u narednom razdoblju stalno širiti
premda se nisu ispunili sva optimistična opravdanja u pogledu sniženja troškova u usporedbi s
pojedinim relacijama konvencionalnog prometa. Biti te imperativ razvitak trenda
kontejnerizacije je u skladu sa stvaranjem i izražavanjem razvoja te značajki samog procesa
kontejnerizacije te s obzirom na razvitak te analizu kontejnerskog prometa od početak 21.
stoljeća pa do danas.Container transport made its way very quickly, and with its great dynamics, in a
short time it affected shipping, ports, railway shipbuilding, road transport, inland navigation
and even air transport. , documentation, shipping and standardization. The lack of mandatory
regulations that would be in line with the requirements of a fully integrated international
transport system is particularly hard felt, although significant successes have been achieved in
that area in the meantime.
There is no doubt that containerization will continue to expand in the coming period,
although not all the optimistic justifications regarding the reduction of costs compared to
certain conventional transport routes have been fulfilled. The essence and imperative
development of the containerization trend is in accordance with the creation and expression of
the development and features of the containerization process itself, and with regard to the
development and analysis of container traffic from the beginning of the 21st century until
today. The second part of the paper provides an overview of the development trends of the container fleet in the world from 1980 to 2019. Related to this the author of several practical
proposals
Possibilities and limitations in the application of the green plan for SSS ships from the aspect of improving the quality of propulsion systems
No full textThe article studies the ways to achieve complete decarbonization of the SSS fleet in accordance with the IMO Strategy and the Green Plan for Europe 2050. Therefore, experts from the fields of shipping, shipbuilding, mechanical engineering, energy, technology, human resources management, logistics, maritime law, occupational safety and ecology assessed the selected elements of the quality of propulsion systems on ships. During the study, the sizes of these elements for the target year 2050 were numerically estimated. As a result, a matrix of development was created in relation to the current situation by which it is possible to determine their synergistic effect and the individual impact on other elements. The results of the research have shown that there is a real possibility of achieving the set goals if the values of individual quality elements of propulsion systems are improved