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Analysis of freight rates movements in tramp shipping
No full textSlobodno brodarstvo najstariji je i najpoznatiji tip tržišta brodskog prostora karakterističan po elastičnosti ponude i potražnje na tržištu, formiranju vozarine kao tržišno određene cijene pomorsko prijevozne usluge i cikličkim kretanjima na tržištu. Slobodno se brodarstvo s aspekta tržišne strukture svrstava u gotovo perfektno konkurentsko tržište na kojem razmjena funkcionira po tržišnim cijenama koje se baziraju na ukupnoj ponudi i potražnji, a gdje postoji veliki broj potraživača i ponuđača određene robe, pa nitko od njih ne može djelovati na tržišnu cijenu, to jest vozarinu. Kvantitativni odnosi ponude i potražnje brodskog prostora neposredno utječu na visinu vozarine u slobodnom brodarstvu, a njena visina ponajviše ovisi o trenutnom stanju na tržištu.Bulk shipping is the oldest and the most known type of shipping characterized by the elasticity of supply and demand on the market, the formation of freight rates as a market-determined price for maritime transport services and cyclical movements on the market. From the aspect of market structure, bulk shipping is classified as an almost perfectly competitive market where the trade functions at market prices based on the total supply and demand, and where exists large number of claimants and suppliers of certain goods, so none of them can influence the market price, i.e. freight. Quantitative relationships between the supply and demand of shipping directly affect on the amount of freight in bulk shipping, and it’s amount mostly depends on the current state of the market
Ships fire alarm system
No full textU ovom završnom radu obrađena je tema brodski vatrodojavni sustavi. Požari na brodu nisu rijetkost, gotovo četvrtina nesreća na moru povezane su s požarima, te su jedna od najopasnijih nesreća na brodu jer može doći do nesreća i smrtnih ishoda veoma lako radi toga što je brod zatvoren sustav do kojeg pomoć treba vremena da dostigne, stoga je brodski vatrodojavni sustav važan dio protupožarnih sustava na plovilima kako bi se spriječile veće nesreće. Pravovremeno detektiranje, signalizacija opasnosti te aktivacija alarma i protupožarnih uređaja ključni su u sprječavanju tragedije. Vatrodojavni sustav bitan je za sigurnost posade i materijalne resurse posade, zato ih je bitno testirati i održavati kako ne bi dolazilo do kvarova. Cilj rada je predstaviti opasnost od požara na brodu kao i objasniti vatrodojavni sustav, njegov princip rada, kao i vrste detektora.This final paper deals with the subject of fire detection systems on ships. Shipboard fires are not uncommon, almost a quarter of marine accidents are related to fires, and they are among the most dangerous accidents on board because accidents and fatalities can happen very easily. After all, the ship is a closed system to which help is slow to reach. Therefore, the ship fire detection system is an important part of the fire protection systems on ships to prevent serious accidents. Timely detection and signalling of hazards and activation of alarms and firefighting equipment are critical to preventing tragedies. The fire alarm system is essential to crew safety and material resources, so it is important to inspect and maintain it to prevent malfunctions. The paper aims to present the fire hazard on board, as well as to explain the fire detection system, its working principle and the types of detectors
The social perspective on small islands’ energy transitions: The case of Unije island (Croatia)
No full textThis paper reflects upon the concept of social innovation and its role in islands’ energy transition. As isolated energy systems, islands typically depend on energy imports from the mainland and mostly use fossil fuels for electricity, heating, and transport, which are significant sources of carbon emissions. At the same time, islands have an abundance of locally available renewable energy sources (RES) at their disposal, which makes them ideal test-beds for energy transition, or the technology-based switch of the energy system, from fossil-based to renewable energy.
However, new RES technologies must be incorporated into society and, thus, to enable successful decarbonisation, technological innovations must be coupled with social innovations. Different authors stress that energy transitions are not strictly technical but socio-technical since they are also comprised of policies, politics and other artefacts, not just technological. Nevertheless, the role of social innovation in local energy transitions is still under-studied, and this paper aimed to contribute to this lack of literature, focusing on the local energy transitions of islands.
By combining theoretical and empirical research, this paper aims to explore the role of social innovation in energy transition and analyse whether social innovation can be considered a success factor in the energy transition process of the case-study island, the small Croatian island of Unije
Development of port systems
No full textUzimajući u obzir gospodarski te ekološki pogled, razvoj lučkog sustava nije samo bitno pitanje svake države, već i drugih lučkih subjekata koji uključuju upravna tijela koja upravljaju lukom, provoditelje lučke politike, lučke operativce i sl. U tom pogledu bitno je ujednačiti funkcije i ulogu lučkog sustava čiji je cilj održivi razvoj lučkih sustava, budući da luke imaju znatan direktan učinak na cjelokupni globalni i tuzemni transport roba ili tereta, ali istovremeno i utječu na društveni i ekonomski razvitak pojedine pomorske države. U lučkom sustavu djeluju onečišćivači okoliša putem razne opreme s kojom se rukuje teret te su povezani lučki objekti i brodovi. Nužno je uvesti ekološku prihvatljivu politiku lučkog sustava pa stoga je u tom kontekstu razvoj lučkog sustava usmjeren na postizanje napretka radi postizanja ciljeva održivog razvoja luke i države.Taking into account the economic and ecological point of view, the development of the port system is not only an important issue for each state, but also for other port entities, which include port management bodies, port policy implementers, port operatives, etc. In this regard, it is important to standardize the functions and role of the port system, which is the goal of the sustainable development of port systems, since ports have a significant direct effect on the overall global and domestic transport of goods or cargo, but at the same time it also affects the social and economic development of individual maritime states. Environmental polluters act in the port system through various methods used to handle cargo, connecting facilities and ships. It is necessary to introduce an environmentally acceptable policy of the port system, so in this context, the development of the port system is aimed at achieving progress in order to achieve the goals of sustainable development
Intelligent anti-collision systems
No full textLjudska greška prilikom upravljanja brodovima je jedan od najvažnijih faktora koje vode prema nezgodi. IMO (International Maritime Organization) klasificira ljudsku pogrešku kao krivca za 80% brodskih nezgoda i nesreća. Vlasnici brodova redovito povećavaju brzinu i veličinu novih brodova čime se smanjuje upravljivost broda te povećava pretrpanost morskih puteva. To može smanjiti opcije manevriranja kao i velik izbor operacijskih podataka i informacija. Svaka odluka mora biti mentralno ocijenjena osobom koja upravlja brodom. Proces se može smatrati i teškim, a velik broj ponavljanja može prouzročiti ozbiljne pogreške. Navigacija broda postaje sve kompliciranija, a time i opasnija.Human error in ship management is one of the most important factors leading to an accident. The IMO (International Maritime Organization) classifies human error as the culprit for 80% of shipwrecks and accidents. Shipowners regularly increase the speed and size of new ships, which reduces the ship's handling and increases the congestion of sea routes. It can reduce maneuvering options as well as a wide range of operational data and information. Every decision must be mentally assessed by the person operating the ship. The process can be considered difficult, and due to the huge number of repetitions, it can lead to serious mistakes. Ship navigation is becoming more and more complicated, and therefore more dangerous
Automatization of ladle turret movements in continuous steel
No full textAutomatizacija postrojenja za proizvodnju čelika znatno je poboljšala proizvodnju čelika. U ovom radu objašnjena je automatizacija rotacijskog tornja čija je funkcija pozicioniranje lonca za kontinuirano lijevanje čelika. Automatizirane su sljedeće funkcije: rotacija tornja, podizanje i spuštanje ruku zajedno sa otključavanjem i zaključavanjem te otvaranje i zatvaranje kliznih vrata. Opisani su svi procesi koji se izvode kod ovakvog projekta uključujući postavljanje hardverske konfiguracije, izrade programskog koda, sučelja čovjek-stroj i konfiguracija frekvencijskog pretvarača.Automatization of steel industry has significantly improved steel production. This thesis explains the automatization of a rotating turrets function of positioning the ladle for continuous steel casting. The following functions were automated: tower rotation, raising and lowering arms, opening and closing sliding doors. All the processes performed in such a project are described, including setting up the hardware configuration, creating the program code and the human-machine interface
Management of maritime signaling objects
No full textU ovom završnom radu obrađivati će tematika upravljanja objekata signalizacije u pomorstvu. Pri izradi ovoga rada biti će korištena javno dostupna literatura kako strana tako i naša literatura na hrvatskome jeziku da bi se rad što kvalitetnije istaknuo. Govoriti će se općenito o signalizaciji a ponajviše o signalizaciji na Jadranskome moru uzduž obale Republike Hrvatske. Prvi zabilježeni znaci primjene signalizacije u pomorstvu spominju se čak 280 godina prije Krista u obliku svjetionika. Neisključivo je da je signalizacija u pomorstvu među najbitnijim stavkama u komercijalnoj a tako i privatnoj plovidbi. Prvobitan čimbenik signalizacije u pomorstvu je sigurnost odnosno upozoravanje plovnih objekata na moguće opasnosti koje mogu ugroziti sigurnost samoga plovila, što će se detaljno obraditi u jednom od poglavlja ovoga rada. Tehnološki aspekti same signalizacije su se mijenjali tokom godina zahvaljujući razvoju novih tehnologija, od analognih pa sve do računalno upravljanim integriranim krugovima gdje se koristi digitalna tehnologija
Croatian ports of international economic interest with a focus on the tourisam development perspective of the Port of Zadar
No full textThe Croatian coastline, as well as various natural and man-made attractions in the Croatian hinterland, provide for a fairly well-developed tourism sector. Nacional marine ports play an increasingly important role in promoting and develoing the tourism sector. Zadar is the second largest domestic and international passenger port in the country and the third largest cruise port. In addition, the port serves several anchor clients in the dry bulk, liquid bulk and general cargo sectors.
After analyzing Croatian ports of international economic interest in general, trends and developments in the port sector, and the destination states of Croatian ports, the authors in this paper focus on the segments of the Port of Zadar that are important for the development of tourism. The paper provides an overview of the current state, recommended targets and status of the Port of Zadar. Further, the paper predicts targets for passenger traffic (domestic, international and cruise) by 2030
Application and distribution of superconductive cables
No full textSAŽETAK
Pojavom supravodljivosti otvara se razvojna era modernih supravodljivih otkrića među
kojima se nalaze i supravodljivi kabeli. Zbog sve veće potražnje i potrošnje električne
energije primjenjuju se supravodljivi kabeli koji imaju karakteristike velikog vođenja
električne energije bez prevelikog otpora te smanjeni negativni utjecaj na okoliš. Upravo
zbog navedenih karakteristika primjena supravodljivih kabela je raznolika: od vojne svrhe
pa sve do tehnologije u medicini. U današnje doba supravodljivi kabeli su vrlo razvijeni
praveći put za sigurniju i svjetliju budućnost električne energije.The emergence of superconductivity opens the development era of modern superconducting
discoveries, including superconducting cables. Due to the increasing demand and
consumption of electricity, superconducting cables are used, which have the characteristics
of high power conduction without excessive resistance and reduced negative impact on the
environment. Precisely because of these characteristics, the application of superconducting
cables is diverse: from military purposes to technology in medicine. Nowadays,
superconducting cables are highly developed, paving the way for a safer and brighter future
for electricity
Emergency power supply on ship
No full textU ovom završnom radu opisan je princip rada sinkronog generatora . Pisano je o dizel motoru kao pogonskom stroju. Definirani su pojmovi: generator u nuždi, rasklopna ploča u nuždi te pravila registara vezana uz generator u nuždi. Navedene su i objašnjene mehaničke i električne zaštite generatora u nuždi. Pisano je o automatizaciji brodskog generatora u nuždi.This final work describes the principle of the operation of the synchronous generator. It is written about diesel engines as the prime movers. Defined terms are an emergency generator, an emergency switchboard, and the rules of the registries relating to the emergency generator. The mechanical and electrical protection of the emergency generator is also provided. It's written about the automation of the ship's emergency generator