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High temperature supraconductors
No full textU radu su obrađeni visokotemperaturni supravodiči i njihova današnja primjena.
Visokotemperaturnim supravodičima (HTSC) električni otpor naglo pada točno na nulu kada
se ohlade na ili ispod temperature koja se naziva kritična temperatura. Supravodljivost je
1911. Godine. otkrio nizozemski fizičar Heike Kamerlingh Onnes. Supravodiči se prema
ponašanju u magnetskom polju klasificiraju na TIP I i TIP II. Postoje također i
niskotemperatuni supravodiči kojima je kritična temperatura ispod 30 K. Objašnjene su teorije
supravodljivosti, koje nas upućuju u strukturu i principe djelovanja supravodljivih elemenata.
Opisana je i tehnološka primjena supravodiča koja se svakodnevno koristi u medicini, znanosti
i energetici.The paper deals with high-temperature superconductors and their current application.
High-temperature superconductors (HTSC) have electrical resistance that drops to exactly zero
when cooled to or below a temperature called the critical temperature. Superconductivity is
1911. discovered by Dutch physicist Heike Kamerlingh Onnes. Superconductors are classified
according to their behavior in a magnetic field into TYPE I and TYPE II. There are also low-
temperature superconductors whose critical temperature is below 30 K. Superconductivity
theories are explained, which guide us to the structure and principles of operation of
superconducting elements. The technological application of superconductors, which is used
every day in medicine, science and energy, is also described
The analysis of the impact of Covid - 19 pandemic on passenger flows in the air traffic of the Republic of Croatia
No full textZračni putnički promet iznimno je značajna prometna grana kako na globalnoj razini, tako i na europskoj i nacionalnoj razini Republike Hrvatske. Tokovi putnika u zračnom prometu sve su intenzivniji te je potražnja za zračnim putničkim prometom u porastu iz godine u godinu. Svakih nekoliko godina zračni promet suoči s nekom kriznom situacijom poput posljedica financijske krize, terorističkih napada, ratnih nesigurnosti, štrajkova, nepovoljnih vremenskih uvjeta (npr. erupcija vulkana), ali i bolesti (epidemije i pandemije). Posljednja od tih kriznih situacija odnosi se na pandemiju COVID - 19 i rat u Ukrajini. Pandemija COVID - 19 imala je utjecaj na globalni gospodarski sustav pa su zabilježeni poremećaji u funkcioniranju cjelokupnog gospodarskog sustava. Na zračni putnički promet pandemija je utjecala direktno primjerice otkazivanjem letova i ostalim ograničenjima, ali i indirektno primjerice u smislu smanjenja kupovne moći stanovništva. Stoga temeljni cilj ovog diplomskog rada je geoprometna analiza zračnih tokova putnika te analiza utjecaja pandemije na zračne putničke tokove na globalnoj, regionalnoj i nacionalnoj razini.Air passenger transport is an extremely important branch of transport, both at the global level and at the European and national levels of the Republic of Croatia. Passenger flows in air traffic are becoming more intense, and the demand for air passenger traffic is increasing year by year. Every few years, air transport faces a crisis such as the consequences of the financial crisis, terrorist attacks, war uncertainties, strikes, unfavourable weather conditions (e.g., volcanic eruption), but also diseases (epidemics and pandemics). The last of these crisis situations refers to the COVID-19 pandemic and the war in Ukraine. The COVID-19 pandemic had an impact on the global economic system, so disruptions in the functioning of the entire economic system were recorded. Air passenger traffic was affected by the pandemic directly, for example through flight cancellations and other restrictions, but also indirectly, for example, in terms of reducing the purchasing power of the population. Therefore, the main goal of this thesis is the geo traffic analysis of passenger air flows and the analysis of the impact of the pandemic on air passenger flows at the global, regional, and national level
Testing the quality of electrical insulation
No full textElektroenergetski sustav složeni je sustav opskrbe električne energije, sastoji se od
mnogo električnih komponenata i uređaja koji međusobno čine podsustave, a zajedno cjelinu.
Kako bi ta cjelina mogla ispravno funkcionirati bez opasnosti za ljudski život i sustav mora biti
pravilno električki izolirana. Električna izolacija svake komponente u sustavu mora
prvenstveno biti pravilno dimenzionirana. Zatim nakon puštanja u pogon kvaliteta električne
izolacije mora se u točno određenim intervalima ispitivati i voditi nadzor kako bi sigurnost
sustava bila što veća, a vjerojatnost pojave kvara zbog električne izolacije što manja. Svrha
ovog rada je prvenstveno opisati važnost električne izolacije kao i opisati svojstva dielektrika
te klasificirati izolacijske materijale. Zatim ukratko opisati kako se i u kojim oblicima i
kombinacijama električna izolacija primjenjuje na određene komponente elektroenergetskog
sustava. Za kraj su opisane neki od vrsta ispitivanja kvalitete električne izolacije te načini
kontrole i nadzora iste.The power grid is a complex system of electricity supply. It consists of many electrical
components and devices that form subsystems and together constitute a total system. In order
to function properly and without risk to human life, the system must be properly electrically
isolated. The electrical insulation of each component of the system must first be properly sized.
After commissioning, the quality of the electrical insulation must be tested and monitored at
well-defined intervals to ensure that the safety of the system is as high as possible and the
probability of failure due to electrical insulation is as low as possible. The objective of this
paper is to first describe the importance of electrical insulation, explain the properties of
dielectrics, and classify insulating materials. Then, it will briefly describe how and in what
forms and combinations electrical insulation is applied to specific components of the power
system. Finally, some ways of testing the quality of electrical insulation and methods of
controlling and monitoring it are described
Geotraffic analysis of goods flows on the Pan-European corridor Vb
No full textU završnom radu analiziraju se robni tokovi na Paneuropskom koridoru Vb (Rijeka – Zagreb – Budimpešta) kroz prizmu riječke luke. Za potrebe istraživanja definirani su TEN-T i Paneuropski koridori. Problem istraživanja u ovom radu je Paneuropski koridor Vb i analiza robnih tokova na tom koridoru. Sukladno tome, u ovom se radu analizira luka Rijeka kao referentna točka toga koridora te cestovna i željeznička infrastruktura koja kao kopnena okosnica koridora povezuje luku Rijeka sa europskim tržištima. U radu je provedena usporedna analiza prometa luke Rijeka s alternativnim lukama sjevernojadranskog područja, ali i luke Rotterdam kao luke na alternativnom koridoru u sjevernoj Europi. Robni tokovi na Paneuropskom koridoru Vb analizirani su obzirom na prognozirane količine tereta koje se očekuju u luci Rijeka uvažavajući aktualne projekte.In the final paper, the goods flow on the Pan-European Corridor Vb (Rijeka – Zagreb – Budapest) are analyzed through the prism of the Port of Rijeka. For research purposes, TEN-T and Pan-European corridors have been defined. The research problem in this paper is the Pan-European Corridor Vb and the analysis of goods flow on that corridor. Accordingly, this paper analyzes the port of Rijeka as a reference point of that corridor and the road and railway infrastructure that, as the land backbone of the corridor, connects the port of Rijeka with European markets. In the paper, a comparative analysis of the traffic of the port of Rijeka with alternative ports of the northern Adriatic area, but also of the port of Rotterdam as a port on the alternative corridor in northern Europe, was carried out. The goods flow on the Pan-European Corridor Vb were analyzed considering the forecasted volumes of cargo expected in the Port of Rijeka considering the current projects
RAM memory
No full textOvaj rad se temelji na istraživanju RAM memorije i tehnologijama izrade same memorije. RAM memorija je jedna od najvažnijih elemenata vašeg raĉunala jer se koriste za ĉuvanje programskog koda i podataka tijekom rada programa. Mnogi prijašnji oblici RAM-a gube podatke kada je raĉunalo ugašeno. Kako bih smo se rješili toga problema te zadovoljili sve veće i zahtjevnije potrebe raĉunalne tehnologije, poĉelo je sve intezivnije istraživanje tehnologija izrade novih RAM memorija. Upravo je to i svrha ovoga rada da shvatite naĉela rada, karakteristike, prednosti i nedostatke samih memorija kao i samu usporedbu izmeĊu razliĉitih vrsta memorija.This work is based on RAM memory research and memory manufacturing technologies. RAM memory is one of the most important elements of your computer because it is used to store program code and data while the program is running. Many previous forms of RAM lose data when the computer is turned off. In order to solve these problems and to meet the increasing and demanding needs of computer technology, more and more intensive research into new RAM memory manufacturing technologies began. This is exactly the purpose of this work, to understand the working principles, characteristics, advantages and disadvantages of the memories themselves, as well as the comparison between different types of memories.
Precautions when mooring tankers alongside terminal
No full textU ovom završnom radu govori se o Mjerama opreza pri privezu tankera uz terminal. Privez i odvez broda svakodnevica su većini pomoraca koji rade na tankerima. U radu se posvećuje pažnja svim aspektima sigurnog postupanja u svim procedurama na brodu s naglaskom na privez broda uz terminal. Timski rad neophodan je za funkcioniranje svakog tima i za obavljanje procedure kao što je privez. Dobro poznavanje propisa i zakona umanjuje rizik i mogućnost pogreške. Tankeri prevoze opasan teret, te se kod njih moraju primjenjivati još strože mjere. Također je u radu navedena publikacija ISGOTT koja pokriva većinu procedura vezanih uz tankere. U radu je razrađena nesreća tankera STONE I koja se desila unatoč lošoj procjeni vremenskih uvjeta od strane zapovjednika i terminala.This final paper talks about precautions when mooring tankers next to the terminal. The mooring and unmooring of the ship is the daily routine of most seafarers who work on tankers. The final paper pays attention to all aspects of safe handling in all procedures on bord with emphasis on the mooring of the ship next to the terminal. Teamwork is necessary for any team to function and to perform procedure such as mooring. A good knowledge of regulations and laws reduces the risk and possibility of error. Tankers transport dangerous cargo, and even greater precautions must be applied to them. The ISGOTT publication is also cited in the paper, which covers most procedures related to tankers. The paper elaborates on the accident of tanker STONE I, which happened due to poor assesment of weather conditions by the master and the terminal
Ro-Ro ships division and technology
No full text„RO-RO brodovi podjela i tehnologija“ je naziv ovoga rada u kojem će pobliže biti objašnjena funkcionalnost i tehnologija samih RO-RO brodova. RO-RO brodovi predstavljaju suvremenu tehnologiju multimodalnog transporta, njima se unutar sustava „od vrata do vrata“ omogućuje prijevoz najrazličitijih vrsta roba. Oni su posebno građeni brodovi koji imaju otvore na krmi, pramcu i boku broda sa rampama i jakim palubama. Sustav se ubrzo razvio zbog potrebe prijevoza tereta na kotačima i brzine manipulacije. Kroz rad će biti opisana povijest RO-RO brodova, podjela, obilježja te način manipulacije teretom. Rad je napisan i podijeljen u sedam poglavlja koja se sastoje od potpoglavlja uz uvod i zaključak, popis literature, izvora i slika."RO-RO ships division and technology" is the title of this paper in which the functionality and technology of the ro-ro ships themselves will be explained in more detail. RO-RO ships represent a modern technology of multimodal transport, they enable the transport of various types of goods within the "door to door" system. They are specially built ships that have openings at the stern, bow and side of the ship with ramps and strong decks. The system soon developed due to the need to transport loads on wheels and the speed of manipulation. The paper will describe the history of ro-ro ships, their divisions, characteristics and the way of cargo manipulation. The work is written and divided into seven chapters, which consist of subchapters with an introduction and conclusion, a list of literature, sources and images
State and possibilities for passenger flows development in public transport of Osijek - Baranja County
No full textGradski promet specifičan je oblik prometa koji kao javni prijevoz putnika zahtjeva sustavno planiranje uvažavajući istodobno ponudu, potražnju, kvalitetu usluge i ostale preduvjete za održivost gradskog prometa. Prijevoz osobnim vozilima je u porastu što je zabrinjavajuće s obzirom da prijevoz osobnim vozilima ima brojne negativne utjecaje na okoliš i zdravlje ljudi. Sukladno tome, u ovom se radu analiziraju relevantni indikatori javnog prijevoza putnika Osječko – baranjske županije te mjere i aktivnosti kojima bi se u perspektivi realizirala veća kvaliteta usluge i održivost javnog prijevoza putnika Osječko – baranjske županije. S ciljem da se javni prijevoz putnika učini intenzivnijim, atraktivnijim, pristupačnijim i sigurnijim oblikom prijevoza u odnosu na prijevoz osobnim automobilom, u ovom su istraživanju detektirana postojeća ograničenja u korištenju javnog prijevoza putnika te su istaknuti konkretni prijedlozi za izgradnju i modernizaciju kao podrška sustavnom planiranju tokova putnika u javnom prijevozu putnika Osječko – baranjske županije.Urban transport is a specific form of transport that, as public passenger transport, requires systematic planning while considering supply, demand, quality of service and other prerequisites for the sustainability of urban transport. Passenger transport by car is on the rise, which is worrying because of negative impacts on the environment and human health. Accordingly, this document analyzes the relevant indicators of public passenger transport in Osijek - Baranja County and the measures and activities that would in the future realize a higher quality of service and sustainability of public passenger transport in Osijek - Baranja County. In order to make public passenger transport more intensive, attractive, accessible and safer than car transport, this research identified existing restrictions on the use of public passenger transport and highlighted specific proposals for construction and modernization to support systematic flow planning of passengers in public transport of passengers of Osijek - Baranja County
The common maritime transport policy of the European Union : the protection and preservation of the marine environment
No full textU radu se preispituje utjecaj zajedničke politike pomorskog prometa Europske unije na razvoj njezine politike u području okoliša. Ispituje se međusobni odnos između ekoloških potreba država - članica i ukupnog pokušaja Europske unije da zaštiti i očuva morski okoliš. Europska unija kontinuirano daje značajan doprinos svjetskim naporima u zaštiti, posebno u pomorstvu, strogim pridržavanjem međunarodno postavljenih standarda, kao i provedbu mjera Unije, koje često nadilaze minimalne kriterije utvrđene međunarodnim i multilateralnim ugovorima. Propisani dodatni kriteriji mogli bi dovesti europske brodovlasnike i povezanu pomorsku industriju u nepovoljnu poziciju konkurentnosti na svjetskom tržištu. Osim toga, osiguran je detaljan pregled međunarodnog, regionalnog i zakonodavstva EU-a u području morskog okoliša, s posebnim naglaskom na mjere usmjerene na događaje povezane s onečišćenjem okoliša naftom. Naposljetku, daje se opća procjena napora Unije, imajući na umu postojeće zakonodavstvo i njegov učinak te kratkoročne i dugoročne ciljeve politike Europske unije u području okoliša.The paper examines the impact of the European Union's Common Maritime Transport Policy on the development of the European Union's environmental policy. The interrelationship between the economic needs of Member States and the overall efforts of the European Community to protect and preserve the marine environment is being examined. The EU makes a continuing and significant contribution to global efforts to protect the environment by strictly adhering to internationally established standards and implementing Community measures that often go beyond the minimum standards, especially in the maritime domain, as regulated by international and multilateral treaties. In addition, a detailed overview of international, regional and community-based legislative legislation in the field of the marine environment is given, with a particular focus on measures aimed at preventing oil pollution
The importance of ports for the development of islands
No full textU ovom radu definirani su osnovni pojmovi luke, otoka, te općenito važnost pomorskog prometa između kopna i otoka. Morske luke ključan su podsustav pomorskog i prometnog sustava i kao takve pridonose razvoju različitih djelatnosti svake države. Potrebna su konstantna ulaganja u njihov razvitak kako bi mogle prihvatiti čim veći broj ljudi, bilo putnika turista ili stanovništva. Luke i pomorski promet osobito su važni za otočne države poput Republike Hrvatske jer su brojni otoci povezani s kopnom isključivo morskim putem. Veliki utjecaj na pomorski promet i otoke ima i turistička potražnja koja je često veća na otocima nego u priobalnom području. S obzirom da turizam ima značajnu ulogu u hrvatskom gospodarstvu, frekventni pomorski prijevoz jedan je od osnovnih preduvjeta za njegov neometani razvoj. Uz turizam, posebna pažnja se posvećuje i nautičkom turizmu, koji postaje sve zastupljeniji na hrvatskim otocima. Luke nautičkog turizma privlače sve veći broj posjetitelja visoke platežne moći, čija potrošnja doprinosi razvoju otoka.In this paper, the basic concepts of port, island, and the general importance of maritime traffic between the mainland and islands are defined. Seaports are a key subsystem of the maritime and transport system and as such contribute to the development of various activities of each country. Constant investments are needed in their development so that they can accommodate as many people as possible, whether tourists or residents. Ports and maritime transport are particularly important for island states such as the Republic of Croatia, as numerous islands are connectes to the mainland exclusively by sea. Tourism demand, which is often higher on the islands than in the coastal area, also has a major impact on maritime traffic and the islands. Given that tourism plays a significant role in the Croatian economy, frequent maritime transport is one of the basic prerequisites for its smooth development. In addition to tourism, special attention is paid to nautical tourism, which is becoming more and more common on the Croatian islands. Nautical tourism ports attract an increasing number of high-paying visitors, whose consumption contributes to the island's development