Repository of the University of Rijeka, Faculty of Maritime Studies
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Non-fungible tokens
No full textNFT zadnjih su godina doživjeli veliki rast u popularnosti. Prije par godina samo je određena grupa ljudi znala za kriptovalute te zamjenjive i nezamjenjive tokene, no danas to više nije slučaj. Oni su postali sve pristupačniji široj javnosti te se količina kriptovaluta povećala. Povećanjem korisnika vidljivo je da nije lako opstati na tržištu kriptovaluta i konstantno ostvarivati neki veći profit. Korisnici postanu brzo zainteresirani za neki token, no također ga veoma brzo zamjene se nekom drugom verzijom. Popularnost im se dodatno povećala kad su se nezamjenjivim tokenima počeli baviti sportaši i slavne osobe. Za početak rada na nezamjenjivim tokenima potrebno je napravit par određenih koraka koji olakšavaju daljnje poslovanje istima. Potrebno je detaljno istražiti tržište i sve što se na njemu nudi te koji je token najpovoljniji za ono što korisnik želi postići.Non-fungible tokens have seen a huge surge in popularity in recent years. A few years ago, only a certain group of people knew about cryptocurrencies and fungible and non-fungible tokens, but today this is no longer the case. They have become more and more accessible to the general public and the amount of cryptocurrency has increased. The increase in users shows that it is not easy to survive on the crypto market and constantly make a bigger profit. Users quickly become interested in a token, but also very quickly replace it with another version. Their popularity further increased when athletes and celebrities began to deal with non-fungible tokens. To start working with non-fungible tokens, it is necessary to take a couple of specific steps that facilitate further business with them. It is necessary to thoroughly research the market and everything that is offered on it, and which token is the most favourable for what the user wants to achiev
Structural analysis of air passenger flow in the Republic of Croatia from the COVID–19 pandemic impact perspective
No full textAir transport is a globally significant mode of transport that carries people and goods over relatively long distances in a relatively short time. In the case of the Republic of Croatia there are some relevant geographical factors that make it necessary to connect the country to domestic and international airlines, such as territorial division (Dubrovnik’s disconnection from the rest of the Croatian mainland), rugged shape and mountainous terrain. In addition, as a tourist destination, the country should offer good transport links to provide the best experience for tourists. The aim of this research is to conduct an in-depth structural analysis of the intensity and dynamics of passenger air traffic at the global, European, and national (i.e. Croatian) level, considering the specific crisis of the COVID-19 pandemic as a relevant factor in the development of passenger flow. To achieve the defined objective of this research, a structural analysis of the relevant indicators for the development of passenger flow at the airports of the Republic of Croatia was conducted. In addition, a comparative analysis of the intensity, structure and dynamics of passenger flow was carried out within the framework of a comparison of the relevant criteria and statistical data on the indicators of passenger flow at the international, regional, and national levels. The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly affected the state of passenger flow in air transport in terms of organisation and logistics, and especially in terms of the intensity and dynamics of passenger flows. Accordingly, uniform criteria for monitoring passenger flow, systematisation and structural analysis of relevant formation indicators are the basic requirements for continuous monitoring and planning of passenger flow in air transport
Composition of Floating Marine Litter in Port Areas of the Island of Mallorca
No full textThe paper examines the sampling effectiveness of seabin devices and the composition of floating marine litter in port areas. Sampling was carried out from May to September 2021 in Port of Cristo and Port of Colonia de Sant Jordi on Mallorca Island, Spain. This is the first study of the composition of floating marine litter in the ports of Mallorca collected by seabin devices. During the study, 15, 899 items and 336 kg of litter were collected and analyzed. The results indicate that seabin effectively collects floating litter from sea surfaces different in size (2 mm to 40 cm). Microplastics (60.8%) were the most commonly found litter, followed by soft plastic items > 5 mm (11.6%) and unidentified hard plastic items > 5 mm (9.6%). Significantly more marine litter was collected in the Port of Cristo (78.6%), compared to the collection of one device in the Port of Colonia de Sant Jordi (21.4%). Time series analysis showed that the average seasonal component was highest in May (68% above baseline). The linear time trend with an R2 of 52.25% indicated the acceptable significance of the model
Evaluation of the Corrosion Depth of Double Bottom Longitudinal Girder on Aging Bulk Carriers
No full textThe longitudinal girder (LG) between fuel oil tanks (FOT) and water ballast tanks in the double bottoms of ships represent critical structural parts whose watertight nature could be harmed by corrosion, thus, causing the pollution of water ballast tanks and adjacent areas. The new common structural rules (CSR) define the minimum thickness values of structural elements and corrosion margins. The assessment of the deviations from the prescribed values during ship operation could optimize the prescribed criteria. Assuming that corrosive processes begin after four years of operation, the paper analyzes a linear model that describes the percentage of plate wear as a function of the built-in thickness of LG of FOT. The research included 20 ships and provided the database for 1918 corrosion depth values. The gauging records included the average values of the original thickness of steel plates grouped in three intervals (11–13 mm, 13–15 mm, 15–18 mm). Based on the difference between the built-in and subsequently measured values, the paper analyzes the percentage of thickness reduction due to corrosion, concerning the original plate thickness. The findings of the research should facilitate the optimization of corrosion margins and prevent potential structural collapse and pollution
Factors of Digital Transformation in Maritime Transport Sector
No full textThis paper aims to present the model of factors which influence the digital transfor-mation in maritime transport sector. The preliminary model is based on a literature review and interviews conducted to identify the relevant factors influencing the digital transformation of stakeholders operating in the maritime transport sector. In order to test the model, the survey was conducted on the sample of Croatian administrative (port authorities, ministry, harbormas-ter’s offices, etc.) and commercial stakeholders (freight forwarders, agents, terminal operators, etc.) operating in maritime transport sector. The collected data was analyzed using the partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) approach. The research has shown that organizational, technological, and environmental (TOE) factors affect the digitalization of the organizations in the maritime transport sector. As a result of digitalization, changes in business models are visible: organizations in maritime transport sector generate additional revenue from new sources, provide new services, and introduce new sales channels
Ship propulsors
No full textU radu se daje uvid u brodske propulzore, njihovu zadaću, kako djeluju te osnovne tipove i oblike propulzora. Cilj rada je dati sažeti prikaz koji će pomoći u boljem razumijevanju načina rada različitih vrsta brodskih propulzora. Zadatak brodskih propulzora je pretvaranje snage propulzijskog stroja u silu poriva broda. Uz uvodno isticanje temeljnih pojmova vezanih uz brodske propulzore i propulziju, u radu je predstavljen brodski vijak kao najčešće korišten propulzor, ali i drugi tipovi brodskih propulzora s većom ili manjom upotrebom ovisno o operativnom profilu broda. Pri tome se daje uvid u POD propulzore, ciklopropulzore, mlazne propulzore i zračne propulzore. Brodski propulzori se stalno usavršavaju ovisno o tehničkim i tehnološkim dostignućima. Novije generacije propulzora kombiniraju upotrebu elektroničkih i digitalnih sustava
Competitiveness assessment of northern Adriatic container ports
No full textGlavna tema ovog diplomskog rada je prikazati konkurentnost kontejnerskog prometa sjevernojadranskih luka odnosno luka Rijeka, Koper, Trst, Venecija i Ravenna. U početku rada prikazati će se kontejnerski promet kroz povijest i danas, a zatim će se pomoću tablica i grafikona analizirati kontejnerski promet za svaku od sjevernojadranskih luka pojedinačno. Nakon toga će se pomoću indeksa koncentracije analizirati konkurentnost luka sjevernog Jadrana kroz razdoblje od 2012. godine do 2021. godine. Na kraju diplomskog rada primijenjena je DEA metoda koja će biti teorijski i praktično objašnjena na primjeru kontejnerskog prometa sjevernojadranskih luka. DEA metodom će se pomoću ulazno – izlaznih parametara pokazati koliko tehnička opremljenost svake luke ima utjecaja na kontejnerski promet iste luke.The main topic of this thesis is to present the competitiveness of container traffic in the northern Adriatic ports, the ports of Rijeka, Koper, Trieste, Venice and Ravenna. At the beginning will be presented container traffic through history and today, and then with the help of tables and graphs, container traffic will be analized for each of the northern Adriatic ports individually. After that, the concentration index will analyse the competitiveness of the northern Adriatic ports over the period from 2012 to 2021. At the end, the DEA method will be theoretically and practically explained on the example of container traffic of northern Adriatic ports. Using input - output parameters, with the DEA method will be presented how much the technical equipment of each port has an impact on the container traffic of that port
Nautical tourism of the Republic of Croatia with reference to Istrian County
No full textNautički turizam smatra se specijaliziranom granom turizma, koji svoju specijalizaciju ostvaruje kroz pružanje nautičkih usluga krajnjim korisnicima. Isti diljem svijeta sve je atraktivniji i svake godine bilježi sve veće stope rasta i poveće prihode. Uspoređujući razvoj u svijetu i kod nas, uviđa se kako je nerazmjer u brzini razvoja istoga, obzirom da je kod nas u Republici Hrvatskoj nautički turizam u svojim začetcima se razvijao poprilično usporenim tempom. Marine u Republici Hrvatskoj od svojih ubrzanih
razvojnih začetaka, iz godine u godinu bilježe sve uspješnije poslovanje. Za analizu poslovanja marina u Republici Hrvatskoj uzeti su podaci od 2017.- 2020. godine. Republika Hrvatska iz godine u godinu bilježi porast broja luka nautičkog turizma. Primjerice, 2017. godine bilo je 140 luka, a do 2020. godine taj je broj porastao na 185. Marine u Republici Hrvatskoj bogato su opremljene, ponuda je šarolika, od onih
manjih pa do onih većih, i svaki nautičar može pronaći ono što njemu odgovara. Razina
kvalitete u većini marina i luka je zadovoljavajuća, no uvijek postoji mjesta za poboljšanje
ponude i kvalitete. Jasno je kako je ovo perspektivan oblik turizma, što je i dokazao već
kroz 20-godišnje razdoblje, no važno je pratiti trendove te unaprjeđivati ponudu u skladu s
potražnom, no također biti uvijek korak ispred turista, osmišljavajući inovativna rješenja. Nautički turizam u Istarskoj županiji zasigurno predstavlja bitan segment razvijanja ponude destinacije, kao i njezina unaprjeđenja i inoviranja, a bazira se na 4 velike marine : Umag, Rovinj, Pomer te Pula, koje su predmet studije slučaja. Analizirani su sljedeći
podaci: broj luka po kategorijama, kapaciteti, broj zaposlenih, broj plovila na stalnom vezu
na moru i kopnu, broj plovila u tranzitu te ostvareni prihodi, za promatrano razdoblje 2018., 2019. te 2020. godine.Nautical tourism is considered a specialized branch of tourism, specialized in
providing nautical services to end users. It is becoming more attractive around the world
and is recording higher growth rates and higher revenues every year. Comparing the development in the world and in our country, it can be seen that the
disparity is in the speed of its development, given that in the Republic of Croatia nautical
tourism in its beginnings developed at a rather slow pace. Marinas in the Republic of
Croatia have been recording more and more successful business from year to year since
their accelerated development beginnings. For the analysis of marina operations in the Republic of Croatia, data from 2017- 2020 were taken. The Republic of Croatia is recording an increase in the number of
nautical tourism ports from year to year. For example, in 2017 there were 140 ports, and by
2020 that number had climbed to 185. Marinas in the Republic of Croatia are richly equipped, the offer is varied, from
smaller to larger, and every boater can find what suits him. The level of quality in most
marinas and ports is satisfactory, but there is always room to improve supply and quality. It
is clear that this is a promising form of tourism, which he has proven over a 20-year period, but it is important to follow trends and improve supply in line with demand, but also
always be one step ahead of tourists, devising innovative solutions. Nautical tourism in the Istria County is certainly an important segment of developing the destination offer, as well as its improvement and innovation, and is based
on 4 major ports: Umag, Rovinj, Pomer and Pula, which are the subject of a case study. The following data were analyzed: number of ports by categories, capacities, number of
employees, number of vessels at permanent berth at sea and on land, number of vessels in
transit and generated revenues for the observed period 2018, 2019 and 2020
Port State Control (PSC) inspections on container ships
No full textThe paper presents and processes data on inspections of the individual Memoranda (regions) and compares the overall number of ship detention cases. Also, the paper identifies the differences in various regions in the same period as well as their causes and consequences. Container traffic plays a key role in the international trade. Therefore, the research is based on a comparison of the inspection statistics (in general) and the ship detentions share with the total number of inspections and detentions of the container vessels for each region and the same period.
The data have been collected from the annual reports of the individual Memoranda (regions), covering a five-year period, from 2015 to 2019. The results of the research have pointed to partially successful attempts to harmonize and standardize the inspection procedures, as well as to the problem of the non-existent uniformed inspection system
Reverse logistics
No full textU ovome radu obrađuju se povratni tokovi u logistici, njihova svojstva i način na koji se oblikuju pri dizajniranju povratno logističkih mreža ovisno o prirodi povrata. Budući da su povratni tokovi sami za sebe vrlo složeni i stoga puno rizičniji i skuplji od tradicionalnih, za implementaciju u klasične distribucijske tokove potrebno je provesti niz analiza kako bi implementiranje u konačnici pozitivno utjecalo na poslovanje, ali i cijeli dobavni lanac. S aspekta održivosti, povratna logistika pridonosi kružnoj ekonomiji kojoj malo po malo nastoje težiti sve veće korporacije i države, što se osobito naglašava u ciljevima Europske Unije. Naglasak na ponovnom korištenju materijala iz korištenih proizvoda ne čini dobro samo za okoliš njegovu budućnost, već dugoročno, uz ispravno provedene prakse ostvaruje veliku financijsku uštedu.This paper deals with reverse flows in logistics, their characteristics, and the way they are put together when designing return logistics networks depending on the nature of the return. Since reverse flows are in themselves very complex and therefore much riskier and more expensive than traditional ones, for implementation in classic distribution flows it is necessary to carry out a series of analyses so that the implementation will ultimately have a positive effect on the business, but also on the entire supply chain. From the aspect of sustainability, return logistics contributes to the circular economy, which is gradually being pursued by larger corporations and countries, which is particularly emphasized in the objectives of the European Union. Emphasis on the reuse of materials from used products is not only good for the environment and its future, but in the long term, with correctly implemented practices, it achieves great financial savings