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A Port Entry Risk Assessment Model Based on Bayesian Networks and Elements of the e-Navigation Concept
No full textMost maritime accidents are caused by human error. To reduce these errors, increase safety, protect the marine environment, reduce the administrative burden, and optimize maritime trade, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) decided to implement a concept called e-Navigation. The term e-Navigation refers to the integration of the most modern information and communication systems, both on board and ashore. The research scope of this work is the safety of navigation of the ship during the port entrance. Particularly in this case, the elements that affect the safety of the ship during port entrance are analyzed in a case study of New York port. An adaptive model based on the Bayesian Belief Network (BBN) was created, which evaluates the decision-making elements and risk assessment for port entry. The model is adaptable in the context of the different port requirements. With the presented model, all entities (ships, shipping companies, and service providers) have insight into the estimated decision to enter the port based on the given elements. Further research needs to be continued on the issue of comparing the proposed model with similar models, and how much reliance on the model burdens or facilitates the Master’s decision
Application of the Polynomial Function in the Analysis of Statistical Indicators of Risk and Safety in Shipping
No full textNavigation safety issues are of common interest to all maritime countries due to their actions in a complex and risky environment. The world’s most serious ship accidents can cause major economic losses, loss of life, and severe environmental pollution in the sea.
The data included in trust and security databases are usually collected from different sources. The accuracy of the collected data may vary from source to source due to a greater number of external and internal factors such as different manufacturers, and working and environmental conditions. The quality of the data may vary due to the incompleteness of the details, subjectivity, and experience of the data collector.
Databases on the frequency of failures, the estimation of which can be based on recorded failure events, are difficult to access. Therefore, the aim of the research, based on the available statistical indicators of maritime risks and safety, is to indicate the application of mathematical statistics, analysis and assessment of unwanted events. The statistical methods proposed in the paper aim to point out the importance of prediction and the possibility of improving safety. In this sense, the polynomial function was applied. To visualize the results obtained during the research, the Excel program is used
Cloud Computing for Efficient Data Storage and Processing in Maritime Logistics
No full textConsidering that the maritime logistics is by volume and financial value the largest logistics sector
enabling global trade, the number of supply chains is constantly growing, as well as the number of
supply chain stakeholders. Due to the large number of stakeholders in the supply chains, the volume
of generated data is enormous. Therefore, it is necessary to implement modern and intelligent
solutions for processing and storing the data. One possible solution for processing and storing the
data in maritime logistics is cloud computing. There are different approaches to implementing cloud
computing in maritime logistics. In this paper, the authors present a detailed structure of the maritime
cloud and compare it with the legacy systems. Finally, the advantages and challenges arising from the
implementation of cloud computing in maritime logistics are analyzed
Creation of a traffic model showing traffic loads on route Rijeka − Zagreb
No full textU radu je prikazan primjer izrade prometnog modela za cestovni prometni pravac Rijeka – Zagreb s ciljem dobivanja dnevnih prometnih opterećenja i raspodjele prometnih tokova za dvije kategorije vozila, automobile i kamione. Izrađen je jednostavni prometni model sa svrhom razumijevanja osnovnih elemenata prometnog modela, objekata, atributa i njihovih parametara. Korišteni su podaci Hrvatskih cesta iz izvještaja o brojanju prometa pri čemu su odabrana brojačka mjesta u blizini glavnih čvorišta kojima se povezuje autocesta i državne odnosno županijske ceste u navedenom području. Metodologija izrade prometnog modela obuhvaća izradu modela prometne mreže s glavnim vezama odnosno kategorijama prometnica, uređivanja pravila kretanja kroz raskrižje, izradu matrica prometne potražnje, te podešavanje funkcije impedancije. Nakon izrade modela kreirane su procedure za asignaciju generiranih putovanja na prometnu mrežu te su dobiveni rezultati u vidu prosječnih dnevnih prometnih opterećenja raspoređenih po glavnim dionicama trase.The paper presents an example of creating a traffic model for the road traffic direction from Rijeka to Zagreb, aiming to obtain daily traffic loads and the distribution of traffic flows for two categories of vehicles: cars and trucks. A simple traffic model was created to understand the basic elements of traffic modeling, including objects, attributes, and their parameters. The data from "Hrvatske ceste" on traffic counting were utilized, selecting counting points near the main hubs that connect the motorway and highways in the mentioned area. The methodology for creating a traffic model includes developing a model of the traffic network with the main connections or road categories, modifying the rules of movement at intersections, creating traffic demand matrices, and adjusting the impedance function. Once the model was created, procedures were established to assign generated trips to the transportation network, resulting in average daily traffic loads distributed across the main sections of the route
Management of unmanned aircraft
No full textOvaj rad predstaviti će bespilotne letjelice, što su to bespilotne letjelici ili dronovi, povijesni razvoj letjelica, kako su nastale i za što su se u početku koristile dok nije prešla uporaba i na građanstvo, odnosno u gospodarske svrhe. Prikazati će se podjela i klasifikacija bespilotnih letjelica. Kako je njihovo korištenje propisano i uređeno zakonom, odnosno što treba posjedovati za upravljanje letjelicama i na koji način, te gdje se smije s njima upravljati. Kako se upravlja njima, koji načini upravljanja postoje. Te se naglašavaju njihove prednosti i mane, kao i sva tehnologija, neke stvari donose dobre namjere a poneke imaju i svoje loše strane.This paper will present unmanned aerial vehicles, what they are unmanned aerial vehicles or drones, the historical development of aerial vehicles, how they were created and what they were used for in the beginning until the use was transferred to citizens, that is, for economic purposes. The division and classification of drones will be presented. How their use is prescribed and regulated by law, i.e. what should be possessed to operate aircraft and how, and where they may be operated. How are they managed, what management methods exist. Their advantages and disadvantages are emphasized, like all technology, some things bring good intentions and some have their downsides
Autonomous navigation in maritime industry: technologies, challenges and proper implementation
No full textZavršni rad temelji se na istraživanju autonomne navigacije na brodovima s posebnim
fokusom na senzorske sustave koji omogućuju prikupljanje ključnih informacija za precizno
orijentiranje i sigurnu navigaciju. Rad analizira različite senzore primjenjive na autonomnim
brodovima, opisujući njihove funkcije i mogućnosti. Također istražuje metode obrade
prikupljenih podataka prema navigacijskim funkcijama. Uz to, rad se bavi tehnološkim i
pravnim izazovima koji prate proces implementacije autonomnih brodova u promet,
uključujući pravne, regulativne i sigurnosne aspekte, te prihvaćanje tehnologije u
pomorskom sektoru i društvu. Na kraju rada predložene su i neke promjene pravila za
izbjegavanje sudara na moru za autonomne brodove kako bi se što lakše integrirali u globalni
pomorski promet.The thesis explores the topic of autonomous navigation on autonomous ships, with a focus
on sensor systems required for collecting information necessary for ship orientation and
navigation. Then there are methods of processing the collected data and the challenges of
integrating such ships into navigation. The paper analyses sensors that could be used on
autonomous ships, describing their functions and capabilities. It also examines methods for
processing sensor data according to navigation functions. Additionally, the paper addresses
the technological and legal challenges associated with the implementation of autonomous
ships in traffic. The thesis covers various challenges faced by autonomous ships in
navigation, including legal, regulatory, and safety aspects, as well as the acceptance of such
technology by the maritime sector and the public
The ice navigation
No full textEkstremni klimatski uvjeti polarnih područja Arktika i Antarktike svojim iznimno niskim temperaturama zraka i smrznutim vodenim površinama predstavljaju veoma izazovno i rizično okruženje za pomorstvo. U odnosu na povijesne pokušaje plovidbe u ledu, hrabre ekspedicije ka istraživanju prohodnih ruta te kasnije otkriće sjeverozapadnog i sjeveroistočnog prolaza, sa današnjeg gledišta tehnološkog razvitka shvaćamo da su znanje i opremljenost broda tek polazište planiranja uspješne i sigurne plovidbe kroz led. Podvodne ledene površine, kompleksno međudjelovanje struja, vjetrova i magle zahtijevaju precizno planiranje plovidbe u ledu. Smanjenje nesreća u plovnim područjima s ledom, rezultat je napredne obuke pomoraca i prilagodbi konstrukcije brodova za sigurnu plovidbu.The extreme climatic conditions of the polar regions in the Arctic and Antarctica, with their exceptionally low air temperatures and frozen water surfaces, present a challenging and high-risk environment for maritime activities. In comparison to historical attempts at ice navigation, the courageous expeditions aimed at exploring navigable routes, and later the discovery of the Northwest Passage and Northeast Passage, from today's perspective of technological advancement, we understand that knowledge base and ship navigational equipment are merely the starting point for planning successful and safe the ice navigation. Submerged ice surfaces, the complex interplay of sea currents, winds, and fog necessitate precise navigation planning in ice-covered waters. Reducing maritime accidents in areas for ice navigation is the result of advanced training of seafarers and adaptations to shipbuilding for safe navigation
International shippers role in the organization of special cargo road transportation
No full textOsnovni problem istraživanja u ovom radu je analiza osnovnih značajki i specifičnosti
organizacije cestovnog prijevoza specijalnog tereta. Cilj istraživanja je detektirati ulogu i značaj
otpremnika u organizaciji i provedbi izvanrednog cestovnog prijevoza koji zahtijevaju
specifičan pristup u operativnom i sigurnosnom smislu. Sukladno navedenom cilju istraživanja,
u radu su obrađeni poslovi i zadaci međunarodnog otpremnika u organizaciji cestovnog
prijevoza, zakonska regulativa, dokumentacija i operativne faze u provedbi izvanrednog
cestovnog prijevoza specijalnog tereta. Sve navedeno u teoretskom smislu, potkrepljeno je
konkretnim primjerom iz prakse špediterskog poslovanja.The main research problem in this paper is the analysis of the basic features and specifics
of the road transport for of special cargo. The goal of the research is to detect the role and
significance of the shipper in the organization and implementation of special road transport that
require a specific approach in terms of operational and security aspect. In accordance with the
stated goal of the research, the work and tasks of the international shipper in the organization
of the special road transport, legal regulations, documentation and operational phases in the
implementation of the special road transport are covered in the paper. All of the above in
theoretical sense is supported by a concrete example from the practice of forwarding business
Sea storms
No full textZavršnim radom istražuje se fenomen oluja na moru, fokusirajući se na razvoj olujnih oblaka, njihovih karakteristika i popratnih pojava. Analizirana je dinamika atmosferskog kruženja, s osvrtom na njihov utjecaj na razvoj tropskih i izvantropskih ciklona. Također, rad opisuje promjene atmosferskog tlaka i temperature kao glavne generatore morskih oluja. Uz oluje i olujne oblake, razrađene su i određene pojave koje nastaju u olujnim nevremenima. Radom se najviše prikazuje problematika tropskih ciklona, razornih po čovjeka i imovinu. Istaknut je utjecaj ciklona na plovidbu te preporuke za postupanje ako se brod nađe na njihovoj putanji.This thesis delves into a comprehensive examination of sea storms, with a specific focus on the development of storm clouds, their characteristics, and associated phenomena. It involves an analysis of the dynamics of atmospheric circulation and its influence on the formation of both tropical and extratropical cyclones. Furthermore, the study investigates variations in atmospheric pressure and temperature, as they serve as the primary catalysts for storm formation. In addition to exploring storms and storm clouds themselves, this research addresses various phenomena occurring during and following stormy weather. The paper primarily centers on tropical cyclones, which play a pivotal role in the Earth's atmosphere but pose significant threats to both people and property. Additionally, the impact of cyclones on navigation is discussed, along with recommended actions for ships caught in their path
The impact of traffic on society and the environment
No full textOvim završnim radom pokušava se ukazati na značajnost i korisnost prometa, no isto tako i štetnost istog na okoliš kao i na ljudsko zdravlje. Neophodnost prometa u današnjem svijetu je i više nego očigledno, kao i štetni i neželjeni utjecaji u zraku, tlu, vodi, klimatskim promjenama i ljudskom organizmu. No, usprkos svemu ljudi kao zajednica nastoje spriječiti buduće zagađenje te se trude naći alternative i ekološki prihvatljive metode transporta.This final work aims to highlight the significance and utility of transportion, while also adressing its adverse effects on the evironment and humans health. The necessity of transportation on today's world is more than evident, as are the harmful and undesired imapcts on the air, soil, water, climate changes and the human body. However, despite all this, people as a community strive to prevent future pollution and endeavor to find alternatives and environmentally friendly methods of transportation