Repository of the University of Dubrovnik
Not a member yet
2307 research outputs found
Sort by
Purpose of Accounting in Business Decision Making Process
No full textCilj ovog završnog rada je steći uvid u ulogu i značaj računovodstva u procesu donošenja poslovnih odluka. Kroz prikupljanje, analizu i interpretaciju financijskih podataka, računovodstvo pruža menadžmentu informacije potrebne za strateško planiranje, kontrolu i donošenje poslovnih odluka. Računovodstvene informacije pomažu menadžerima da znaju što se dogodilo u prošlosti, kakvo je sadašnje stanje poduzeća te daju kvantitativni pregled poslovanja poduzeća i pomažu menadžerima pripremiti se za buduće aktivnosti i odluke. U procesu donošenja poslovnih odluka, računovodstvene informacije služe kao podloga u svakoj fazi procesa tj. pri generiranju alternativa, njihovom vrednovanju i odabiru alternative te nakon donošenja odluke, uključujući kontrolu njezina izvršenja.The goal of this paper is to gain insight into the role and importance of accounting in the process of making business decisions. Through the collection, analysis and interpretation of financial data, accounting provides management with the information necessary for strategic planning, control and making business decisions. Accounting information help managers to know what happened in the past, what is the current state of the company, provides a quantitative overview of the company's operations and helps managers to prepare for future activities and decisions. In the process of making business decisions, accounting information serve as a basis in every phase of the process, i.e. during the evaluation and selection of the best alternative. After the decision is made, accounting information help in the process of implementation and control
Markets of Imperfect Competition
No full textPredmet istraživanja rada su tržišta nesavršene konkurencije koja predstavljaju svako odstupanje od aproksimiranog modela savršene konkurencije. Glavni oblici ovakvih tržišnih struktura su monopol, oligopol i monopolistička (ograničena) konkurencija. Monopol, osim u iznimnim slučajevima, narušava tržišnu ravnotežu pa je u vedini zemalja zabranjen ili strogo reguliran zakonom. Oligopol i monopolistička konkurencija su oblici tržišne strukture s kojima se najčešde susredemo u svakidašnjem životu. Banke, farmaceutske tvrtke i pojedine grane prehrambene industrije su uobičajeni primjeri oligopolske strukture, a kozmetički saloni, restorani, izdavačke kude i super marketi primjeri su monopolističke konkurencije. Osnovni cilj rada je teorijski definirat strukture nesavršene konkurencije i objasniti njihove (negativne) učinke na cjelokupno tržište. Također na primjeru dubravačkog linijskog gradskog prijevoznika objasniti de se kada je postojanje monopola najbolja i najisplativija solucija. Iako je u rijetkim slučajevima postojanje nesavršene konkurencije pogodna situacija, u vedini slučajeva ona dovodi do tržišne neučinkovitosti jer je proizvođač u mogučnosti smanjiti proizvodnju i povedati cijenu, a to dovodi do formiranja cijene koja je veda od graničnog troška, nedovoljnog iskorištavanja proizvodnih kapaciteta i proizvodnje koja je manja od one koju zahtjeva gospodarski optimum. Država regulacijskim mjerama (državni zakoni i propisi) kontrolira ponašanje poduzeda i omoguduje nesmetano djelovanje tržišta.The subject of the study are markets with imperfect competition, which represent any deviation from the model of approximated perfect competition. The most important forms of such market structures are monopoly, oligopoly and monopolistic (limited) competition. Monopolies, except in rare cases, disturb the market equilibrium, which is why they are prohibited or strictly regulated by law in most countries. Oligopoly and monopolistic competition are the forms of market structure that we encounter most frequently in everyday life. Banks, pharmaceutical companies and certain sectors of the food industry are common examples of oligopolistic structures, while beauty salons, restaurants, publishing houses and supermarkets are examples of monopolistic competition. The main objective of the study is to theoretically define the structure of imperfect competition and explain its (negative) effects on the market as a whole. The example of Dubrovnik's public transportation company will be used to show when the existence of a monopoly is the best and most cost-effective solution. Although imperfect competition can be beneficial in rare cases, it generally leads to market inefficiency. This happens because the producer can cut production and raise prices, resulting in a price that exceeds marginal cost, underutilization of production capacity and production that falls short of the required economic optimum. The state regulates the behavior of companies through laws and regulations and thus ensures that the market functions smoothly
Sudsko medicinski aspekt kraniocerebralnih ozljeda utvrđenih obdukcijskom dijagnostikom u Općoj bolnici Dubrovnik
No full textUvod: Kraniocerebralne ozljede koje obuhvaćaju prijelome lubanje i ozljede mozga su sve češće u razvijenom svijetu, prvenstveno radi raširene uporabe motornih vozila. Zbog svoje ozbiljnosti i potencijalno dugotrajnih zdravstvenih posljedica predstavljaju veliki javnozdravstveni izazov, a ujedno su često u fokusu sudskomedicinskih analiza. Iako je mozak dobro zaštićen lubanjom, mehanizmi prijeloma mogu biti složeni i ugroziti život. .Cilj istraživanja je analizirati obdukcijske podatke o kraniocerebralnim ozljedama kao uzroku smrti preminulih nasilnom smrću u Dubrovačko-neretvanskoj županiji.
Metodologija: obdukcijski zapisnici susljedno preminulih zbog kraniocerebralne ozljede od 01. siječnja 2018. do 31. prosinca 2022. izuzeti su iz arhive Odjela za patologiju Opće bolnice Dubrovnik. Iz zapisnika su prikupljeni podaci o spolu, životnoj dobi, opisu ozljede (unutarnja ili vanjska), zbiru ozljeda (izolirana ili u sklopu višestrukih ozljeda), mehanizmu nastanka ozljede (pad, udarac, prometna nesreća i drugo), vrsti nasilne smrti (samoubojstvo, ubojstvo, nesretan slučaj) i obdukcijskom nalazu u području glave. U slučaju prometne nesreće, posebno su analizirani način stradavanja (nalet vozila, motocikl, u vozilu) te vrijeme i mjesto kad je nastupila smrt (na mjestu nesreće, u transportu do bolnice ili u bolnici).
Rezultati: U petogodišnjem razdoblju izvršene su 72 obdukcije preminulih s kranocerebralnom ozljedom kao uzrokom smrti. Nesretni slučaj u koji spadaju prometne traume je značajno češći od ostalih vrsta nasilne smrti (P<0,001). Ukupni broj i broj povezan s prometnom traumom bio je značajno manji 2021. godine nego drugih godina (P=0,022, odnosno P<0,01). Prosječna dob svih 72 preminulih bila je 50 godina, mod 40 godine, a 35 preminulih zbog prometne traume 39 godina, mod 40 godina. Sudskomedicinska obdukcija urađena je značajno ĉešće od drugih tipova obdukcije, ukupno i u preminulih zbog prometne traume (svi P<0,001). Prometna trauma je najčešći mehanizam ozljede (P<0,001). U skupini preminulih zbog kraniocerebralne lezije u prometu veća je učestalost zatvorene i izolirane kraniocerebralne ozljede (svi P<0,001). Najviše poginulih bili su vozači automobila, 13 (36,11%) i motora (16,67%), a najčešća smrt na licu mjesta ( P<0,001).
Zaključak: Značajno manji broj obduciranih zbog kraniocerebralnih ozljeda u 2021. godini vjerojatno je povezan s protu-epidemijskim mjerama tijekom COVID-19 pandemije koje su ograničile kretanje stanovništva i promet. Razlika po spolu vjerojatno je povezana s tradicionalno različitim obrascima rizičnog ponašanja. U Dubrovaĉko-neretvanskoj županiji
su kraniocerebralne ozljede značajan uzrok smrti, a najčešći mehanizam ozljeđivanja prometna nesreća. Rezultati naglašavaju važnost prevencije ozljeda i poboljšanja sigurnosnih mjera, posebno u prometu.Forensic aspects of craniocerebral injuries determined by autopsy diagnosis in Dubrovnik General Hospital
Introduction: Craniocerebral injuries, which include skull fractures and brain injuries, are increasingly common in the developed world, primarily due to the widespread use of motor vehicles. Due to their seriousness and potentially long-term health consequences, they are a major public health challenge, and at the same time, they are often the focus of forensic analyses. Although the brain is well protected by the skull, fracture mechanisms can be complex and life-threatening. The aim of the research is to analyze post-mortem data on craniocerebral injuries as the cause of death of violent deaths in Dubrovnik-Neretva County.
Methodology: autopsy records of consecutive deaths due to craniocerebral injury from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2022 were extracted from the archives of the Department of Pathology of the Dubrovnik General Hospital. Data were collected from the records on gender, age, description of injuries (internal or external), set of injuries (isolated or as part of multiple injuries), mechanism of injury (fall, blow, traffic accident, etc.), type of violent death (suicide, murede, accident) and autopsy findings in the head. In the case of a traffic accident, the manner of death (a collision with a vehicle, a motorcycle, in a vehicle) and the time and place when death occurred (at the scene of the accident, in transport to the hospital or in the hospital) are analyzed separately.
Results: In a five-year period, 72 autopsies were performed on deceased with craniocerebral injury as the cause of death. Accidents involving traffic trauma were significantly more frequent than other types of violent death (P<0.001). The total number and the number related to traffic trauma were significantly lower in 2021 than in other years (p=0.022, respectively P<0.01). The average age of all 72 deceased was 50 years, mode 40 years, and 35e who died due to traffic trauma 39 years, mode 40 years. Forensic autopsy was performed significantly more often than other types of autopsy, both in total and in deceased due to traffic trauma (all P<0.001). Traffic trauma was the most common mechanism of injury (P<0.001). In the group of those who died due to a craniocerebral lesion in traffic, the frequency of closed and isolated craniocerebral injury was higher (all P<0.001). The majority of deceased were car drivers, 13 (36.11%) and motorcycle drivers (16.67%), the most often dead on the spot (P<0.001).
Conclusion: The significantly lower number of deceased due to craniocerebral injuries in 2021 was probably related to anti-epidemic measures during the COVID-19 pandemic, which limited the movement of the population and traffic. The sex difference was related to traditionally different patterns of risky behavior. In Dubrovnik-Neretva County, craniocerebral injuries are a significant cause of death, and the most common mechanism of injury in a traffic accident. The results emphasize the importance of injury prevention and improvement of safety measures, especially in traffic
The impact of the Tik Tok platform on the behaviour of young people: Analysis of negative content and the role of the algorithm
No full textOvaj diplomski rad istražuje utjecaj TikTok platforme na ponašanje mladih, s posebnim naglaskom na analizu negativnih sadržaja i ulogu algoritama u njihovom širenju. TikTok se pozicionirao kao jedna od najpopularnijih društvenih mreža, osobito među generacijom Z i Alfa. Uz brojne pozitivne aspekte, ova platforma sve češće je prostor za nasilje, dezinformacije, nerealne standarde ljepote i opasne izazove. Rad analizira kako TikTok algoritmi promoviraju viralne sadržaje, bez obzira na njihovu štetnost, s ciljem povećanja angažmana korisnika. U empirijskom dijelu, provedena je anketa među 100 korisnika i analiza sadržaja tijekom deset dana, koja je pokazala prisutnost uznemirujućih sadržaja čak i na novootvorenom profilu bez prethodnih aktivnosti. Rezultati istraživanja potvrđuju hipotezu da TikTok algoritam potiče izloženost negativnim sadržajima, što može imati štetne posljedice na mentalno zdravlje mladih. Većina ispitanika primijetila je neprimjeren sadržaj, ali mali broj njih prijavljuje takav sadržaj platformi. Rad zaključuje kako su potrebne strože regulative, edukacija korisnika i algoritamska transparentnost kako bi se zaštitili mladi i umanjio negativan utjecaj ove društvene mreže.This thesis explores the influence of the TikTok platform on youth behavior, with a particular focus on the analysis of harmful content and the role of algorithms in promoting it. TikTok has become one of the most dominant social media platforms, especially among Generation Z and Generation Alpha. Despite its creative and entertaining features, the platform is increasingly associated with the spread of violence, misinformation, unrealistic beauty standards, and dangerous challenges. The research examines how TikTok's recommendation algorithm amplifies viral content, regardless of its harmful nature, to boost user engagement. The empirical section includes a survey of 100 users and a ten-day content analysis using a newly created account to eliminate bias. Results confirm the hypothesis that TikTok’s algorithm exposes users to harmful content even when they have not shown prior interest. Most respondents reported encountering inappropriate content, yet few took action to report it. The study concludes that stricter content regulation, increased user education, and greater algorithmic transparency are essential to reduce the negative impact of TikTok on young users and to foster a safer digital environment
Port equipment for container handlling
No full textPrimjena kontejnera nije samo promijenila način na koji se roba transportira, već je i potaknula
razvoj specijalizirane infrastrukture kako bi novi način transporta ostao konkurentan i
profitabilan. Kontejnerizacija je promijenila temelje teretnog transporta, duboko utječući na
globalnu ekonomiju i trgovinu. Njezin kontinuirani utjecaj oblikuje načine prijevoza i
distribucije robe diljem svijeta, postavljajući nove standarde u logistici i promicanju
međunarodne trgovine. U prvom dijelu ovog rada dat je povijesni pregled razvoja
kontejnerizacije te su opisane vrste brodova za prijevoz kontejnera. Glavni dio rada analizira
sredstva za rukovanje kontejnerima na kontejnerskom terminalu i brodovima za prijevoz
kontejnera.The application of containers has not only changed the way goods are transported, but it has
also supported the development of specialised infrastructure to keep the new mode of transport
competitive and profitable. Containerisation has changed the foundations of freight transport,
profoundly affecting the global economy and trade. Its continuous impact shapes the
transportation and distribution of goods worldwide, setting new standards in logistics and
promoting international trade. The first part of this study provides a historical overview of the
development of containerisation and describes the types of ships used for container transport.
The central part of the study analyses the means for handling containers at the container
terminal and on container ships
The Role of Digital Marketing in Tourism
No full textDigitalni marketing predstavlja suvremeni pristup poslovanju, posebno važan u turističkoj industriji. Njegova primjena omogućava turističkim tvrtkama dosezanje šire publike, personalizaciju ponuda i učinkovitiju komunikaciju s klijentima. Internet, kao primarni kanal digitalnog marketinga, transformirao je način interakcije korisnika s brendovima te postao ključni alat u promociji i distribuciji usluga i proizvoda. Razvoj digitalnih tehnologija značajno je utjecao na dinamiku turističkog tržišta, omogućivši tvrtkama poput Valamar Riviera d.d. uspješno korištenje digitalnih alata kao što su Google Analytics, CRM sustavi i društvene mreže u cilju poboljšanja brend prepoznatljivosti i rasta prodaje. U radu se analizira korištenje digitalnog marketinga u turističkom sektoru, s fokusom na unaprjeđenje strategija digitalne promocije kroz personaliDigital marketing represents a modern business approach, especially significant in the tourism industry. Its application allows tourism companies to reach a wider audience, personalize offers, and communicate more effectively with clients. The internet, as the primary digital marketing channel, has transformed the way users interact with brands and has become a key tool for promoting and distributing services and products. The development of digital technologies has significantly influenced the dynamics of the tourism market, enabling companies like Valamar Riviera d.d. to successfully use digital tools such as Google Analytics, CRM systems, and social media to improve brand recognition and increase sales. This thesis analyzes the use of digital marketing in the tourism sector, focusing on enhancing digital promotion strategies through content personalization, user experience optimization, and feedback monitoring
"Clinical and dermoscopic characteristics of melanocytic moles"
No full textMelanocitni madeži definiraju se kao dobroćudne, dobro ograničene proliferacije melanocita
u koži. Klasifikacija melanocitnih madeža još uvijek nije potpuna i postoje različite sheme
podjele. Najjednostavnija klasifikacija madeža je na prirođene (kongenitalne) i stečene.
Razvitkom dermoskopije, posljednjih se godina skrb za dermatološke bolesnike uvelike
unaprijedila. Dermoskopija je široko korištena neinvazivna tehnika koja poboljšava
dijagnostiku pigmentiranih i nepigmentiranih kožnih lezija. To je neinvazivna, jeftina i
praktična metoda za praćenje pigmentnih promjena, rano otkrivanje melanoma i ostalih
tumorskih promjena kože. Najveća vrijednost dermoskopije jest rano i pravovremeno
otkrivanje kožnih promjena i atipije kože, rano otkrivanje melanoma i znatno veća
dijagnostička točnost.Melanocytic moles are defined as benign, well-limited melanocyte proliferation in the skin.
The classification of melanocytic moles is still not complete and there are different partition
schemes. The simplest classification of moles is congenital and acquired. With the
development of dermoscopy, in recent years the care of dermatological patients has greatly
improved. Dermoscopy is a widely used non-invasive technique that improves the diagnosis
of pigmented and non-pigmented skin lesions. It is a non-invasive, inexpensive and practical
method for monitoring pigment changes, early detection of melanoma and other skin tumor
changes. The highest value of dermoscopy is early and timely detection of skin changes and
skin atypia, early detection of melanoma and significantly higher diagnostic accuracy
"Scanning Electron Microscopy and Raman Spectroscopy Characterization of Octopus vulgaris (Cuvier, 1797) hypodermal structures"
No full textObična hobotnica, Octopus vulgaris Cuvier, 1797 je mekušac kojeg, kao i druge
glavonošce, karakterizira visoka sposobnost mimikrije promjenom boje svoje kože.
Za tu karakteristiku su odgovorne strukture u njenoj koži, to jest kromatofore,
iridofore i leukofore. U ovom radu te strukture iz jedinki s hrvatske obale Jadranskog
mora su promatrane i opisane koristeći Tem mikroskopiju te pigmenti unutar
kromatofora su analizirani koristeći Raman spektroskopiju. Hipodermalne strukture
su konzistentne s prijašnjim zabilješkama u literaturi oblikom i veličinom. Ovaj rad
također opisuje Raman spektar ksantomatina analiziranog in situ u koži hobotnice.Common octopus Octopus vulgaris Cuvier, 1797, is a mollusk that like other
cephalopods, is known for the highly advanced camouflage abilities. This is due to
the structures in its skin, namely chromatophores, iridophores and leucophores. In
this paper, we present the results of TEM microscopy analysis performed on octopus
samples collected on the South-eastern coast of Adriatic Sea. Observed structures
are described while pigments found within the chromatophores are analyzed with
Raman spectroscopy. The hypodermal structures are consistent with previous
records in literature in shape and size. This paper also presents and describes
Raman spectra of xanthommatin analyzed in situ in octopus skin samples
"Biotechnological potential of Adriatic sea algae"
No full textOvaj rad daje pregled istraživanja kemijske raznolikosti alga Jadranskog mora s ciljem njihove primjene u biotehnologiji. Istraživanja alga u Jadranu obuhvaćaju jednostanične alge rodova Euhalothece, Tetraselmis, Picochlorum, Nitzschia i Nanofrustulum shiloi kao i crvene alge rodova Asparagopsis, Gracilaria i Amphiroa, zelene alge rodova Flabellia, Codium i Ulva te smeđe alge rodova Halopteris, Dictyota, Taonia, Fucus, Dictyopteris, Gongolaria, Ericaria, Treptacantha, Cystoseira i Padina. Među najzastupljenijim spojevima makroalga bili su dimetil sulfid, benzaldehid, heptadekan, pentadekan, nonadekan, tribrommetan, a također su identificirane masne kiseline (oleinska, palmitinska, palmitoleinska, linolna, stearinska, tetradekanska, pentadekanska), terpeni, alkoholi, flavonoid i saharidi dok se među pigmentima ističu klorofili, karotenoidi i fikobilliproteini. Alge Jadranskog mora posjeduju spojeve od kojih neki imaju antioksidativna, protuupalna, antibakterijska, protugljivična, antiviralna, antihelmintska, antikancerogena i druga svojstva, a neki sudjeluju u komunikaciji s okolišem kao i obrani od potencijlnih opasnosti iz tog okoliša. Jadranske alge su izvrstan izvor nutrijenata i bioaktivnih molekula sa širokim rasponom primjene u prehrambenoj, farmaceutskoj, kozmetičkoj, tekstilnoj i poljoprivrednoj industriji. Republika Hrvatska sa svojim pristupom Jadranskom moru i svim njegovim raznolikostima, ima velik potencijal za razvoj biotehnologije alga.This paper provides an overview of chemical diversity research of the Adriatic Sea algae with focus on the application in biotechnology. Research on algae in the Adriatic includes unicellular algae of the genera Euhalothece, Tetraselmis, Picochlorum, Nitzschia and Nanofrustulum shiloi, as well as red algae of the genera Asparagopsis, Gracilaria and Amphiroa green algae of the genera Flabellia, Codium and Ulva and brown algae of the genera Halopteris, Dictyota, Taonia, Fucus, Dictyopteris, Gongolaria, Ericaria, Treptacantha, Cystoseira and Padina. Dimethyl sulfide, benzaldehyde, heptadecane, pentadecane, nonadecane and tribromomethane were the most abundant compounds of macroalgae, fatty acids were also identified (oleic, palmitic, palmitoleic, linoleic, stearic, tetradecanoic pentadecanoic), as well as terpenes, alcohols, flavonoids and saccharides, while among the pigments chlorophylls, carotenoids and phycobiliproteins stand out. Adriatic Sea algae contain compounds that have antioxidant, antiinflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, anthelmintic, anticarcinogenic and other properties, some participate in communication with the environment as well as in the defense against potential environmental hazards. Adriatic algae are an excellent source of nutrients and bioactive molecules with a wide range of applications in the food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, textile and agricultural industries. The Republic of Croatia, with its access to the Adriatic Sea and all its diversity, has a great potential for the development of algae biotechnology
Thrombolysis in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke (Dubrovnik hispital from 2018. - 2022.)
No full textU današnje vrijeme broj oboljelih od ishemijskog moždanog udara prelazi 85 % što ukazuje na veliki porast. Zbog porasta oboljelih, ishemijski moždani udar ubraja se u drugi najčešći uzrok smrti u svijetu. Kod čovjeka se zbiva iznenada i neočekivano, neovisno o dobnoj skupini. Ono što obilježava nastanak moždanog udara jest nedovoljna opskrba krvi u mozgu. Simptomi koji upućuju na nastanak moždanog udara uvelike pomažu u prepoznavanju istog. Liječenje ishemijskog moždanog udara obuhvaća primarnu prevenciju, akutno liječenje te sekundarnu prevenciju. U samom liječenju koristi se intravenska trombolitička terapija, a lijek izbora su alteplaza (rtPA) i tenekteplaza, iz skupne fibrinolitika. Fibrinolitički lijekovi djeluju na nastali tromb koji je doveo do oštećenja mozga. Za liječenje je važan “vremenski prozor“, odnosno početak pojave simptoma unutar 4 do 5 sati. Prema dosadašnjim istraživanjima procjenjuje se da je tijekom 2019. godine umrlo 18,6 milijuna ljudi u svijetu od moždanog udara, dok je u Hrvatskoj umrlo 5180 osoba. Ishemijski moždani udar s obzirom na porast predstavlja veliki javnozdravstveni, ali i sociološki problem sadašnjice. U ovom radu bit će prikazani podaci pacijenta na temelju povijesti bolesti i bolničkog informatičkog sustava Opće bolnice Dubrovnik, vezani uz primjenu trombolitičke terapije.Nowadays, the number of cases of ischemic stroke exceeds 85 %, which indicates a large increase in the number of patients. Due to the increase in patients, ischemic stroke is the second most common cause of death in the world. In humans, it happens suddenly and unexpectedly, regardless of age group. What marks the onset of a stroke is insufficient blood supply to the brain. Symptoms that point to the occurrence of a stroke greatly help in recognizing it. Treatment of ischemic stroke includes primary prevention, acute treatment and secondary prevention. Intravenous thrombolytic therapy is used in the treatment itself, and the drug of choice is alteplase (rtPA) and tenecteplase from group fibrinolytics. Fibrinolytic drugs act on the resulting thrombus that has led to brain damage. For treatment, the "time window" is important, i.e. the onset of symptoms within 4.5 hours. According to previous research, it is estimated that 18.6 million people worldwide died of stroke in 2019, while 5,180 people died in Croatia. Considering the increase, ischemic stroke represents a major public health and sociological problem today. This paper will present the patient's data based on the medical history and the hospital IT system from the Dubrovnik General Hospital related to the use of thrombolytic therapy