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The priest character in the selected works of Georges Bernanos
No full textLe sujet de ce mémoire est l'analyse de la figure du prêtre dans les œuvres choisies du célèbre écrivain catholique français Georges Bernanos. En ce qui concerne ce travail, il consiste de sept chapitres traitant à la fois de théorie et d’analyse. Le but des chapitres théoriques est d'offrir une présentation de la biographie de l'écrivain, des événements culturels et historiques dont il a été témoin, ainsi qu'une description des influences spirituelles qui ont laissé une marque profonde et indélébile sur sa création littéraire. Après avoir pris connaissance des vicissitudes du parcours de la vie de l'auteur, on entrera dans l'analyse de ce mémoire dans laquelle le prêtre est au centre. De plus, les personnages de cette partie du travail proviennent de deux romans : le premier roman - Sous le soleil de Satan ainsi que le roman le plus connu de l'auteur - Journal d’un curé de campagne. Ensuite, l 'analyse révèle de nombreuses critiques de la société, des métaphores et des situations socio-politiques, ainsi que la lutte constante entre le bien et le mal, une lutte omniprésente chez les figures bernanosiennes. Même si George Bernanos n’a ressenti aucune vocation à devenir prêtre, il a ressenti une vocation tout aussi sainte à devenir un écrivain. C'est-à-dire qu’il vit avec succès la sainteté de cette vocation grâce aux mots, aux romans et aux personnages de sa plume, et répand la parole de foi parmi ses lecteurs. C’est pour cela qu’il porte le titre d'un des plus grands écrivains catholiques français de tous les tempsTema ovog diplomskog rada je analiza lika svećenika u odabranim djelima poznatog francuskog katoličkog pisca Georgesa Bernanosa. Rad se sastoji od sedam poglavlja koji se bave i teorijom i analizom. Cilj teorijskih poglavlja je ponuditi prikaz piščeve biografije, kulturno-povijesnih događaja kojima je svjedočio, kao i prikaz duhovnih utjecaja koji su ostavili dubok i neizbrisiv trag u piščevom stvaralaštvu. Upoznavši se s peripetijama autorova životna puta, zakoračit će se u analizu rada u čijem se središtu nalazi upravo svećenik. Likovi kojima se ovaj dio rada proizlaze iz dva romana – prvijenca Pod sotoninim suncem kao i autorovog najuspješnijeg romana naslova Dnevnik seoskog župnika. Analizom se otkrivaju brojne kritike društva, metafore i društveno-političke situacije, kao i konstantne borbe između dobra i zla s kojima se bore njegovi likovi. Iako Georges Bernanos nije osjetio poziv da postane svećenik, osjetio je po njemu jednako svet poziv da postane pisac. Riječima, romanima i likovima koji su proizašli iz njegovog pera uspješno živi svetost tog poziva i širi riječ vjere među čitateljima, zbog čega zasluženo nosi titulu jednog od najvećih francuski katoličkih pisaca.The topic of this master's thesis is the analysis of the priest character in the major works of the famous French catholic writer Georges Bernanos. This work consists of seven chapters covering both theory and analysis. The theoretical chapters goal is to offer an insight into the author’s biography, the cultural and historical events he witnessed, as well as an insight into some of the spiritual influences that have left a deep mark in his work. After getting acquainted with the vicissitudes of the author's life path, a door becomes open, one that leads to the analysis of the work that focuses on the already mentioned priest character. The characters in this part of the master's thesis are derived from two novels - the debut novel Under the Sun of Satan, as well as the author's most successful novel, The Diary of a Country Priest. The analysis helps to unravel criticism of society, metaphors, socio-political situations, as well as the never ending battles between good and evil that his characters never cease to face. Even though Georges Bernanos has not felt the vocation to become a priest, he had felt another one that is, in his opinion, as holy as the first one. With the help of the words, novels and characters that came from his pen, the holiness of that calling continues to successfully live on and the holy word continues to be passed among his readers, reasons for which he rightfully holds the title of one of the greatest French catholic writers
Valley of the Kings during the Eighteenth Egyptian Dynasty
No full textOsamnaesta egipatska dinastija jedna je od najznačajnijih egipatskih dinastija. Faraoni ove dinastije su doprinijeli gospodarstvu, širenju teritorija države, graditeljstvu, a iza njih je ostala bogata materijalna ostavština. Dolina kraljeva je kompleks grobnica koji se nalazi na zapadnoj strani Nila uz prijestolnicu Tebu. U prvom djelu rada fokus je na povijesnom pregledu drevnog Egipta tijekom XVIII. dinastije, koji će dati povijesni kontekst. Drugi dio rada obrađuje egipatske rituale i pogrebne običaje, te vrste egipatskih grobnica. Treći dio rada fokusiran je na same grobnice XVIII. dinastije u Dolini kraljeva, njihov položaj, arhitekturu, dekoracije i mitologiju, te sam razvoj grobnica kroz godine vladanja faraona.The eighteenth Egyptian dynasty is one of the most important Egyptian dynasties. The pharaohs of this dynasty contributed to the economy, the expansion of the state's territory, construction, and they left behind a rich material legacy. The Valley of the Kings is a complex of tombs located on the west side of the Nile, near the capital Thebes. In the first part of this paper, the focus is on the overview of history of ancient Egypt during the XVIII dynasty, which will provide historical context. The second part of the paper deals with Egyptian rituals, funeral customs, and types of Egyptian tombs. The third part of the paper is focused on the tombs of the XVIII dynasty located at the Valley of the Kings, their location, architecture, decoration and mythology, and the development of the tombs during the years of the pharaohs' reign
Indigenism in mexican muralism in the work of Orozco, Rivera and Siqueiros
No full textEste trabajo fin de máster trata de uno de los problemas que ha existido durante siglos en la sociedad mexicana – el indigenismo, al cual se prestó más atención después de la Revolución mexicana. Durante la presidencia de Álvaro Obregón (1920-1924), José Vasconcelos fue nombrado el Secretario de Educación Pública e inmediatamente comenzó su campaña educativa cuyo objeto fue incluir los indígenas en la sociedad y educarlos. Él quería construir una memoria colectiva y la mejor manera a conseguirlo fue poner los eventos importantes de la historia mexicana completa en los muros de edificios públicos para que todos podían verlos. En esa intención lo ayudaron pintores famosos entre cuales los mejores fueron José Clemente Orozco, Diego Rivera y David Alfaro Siqueiros (“Los Tres grandes”), quienes hoy conocemos como fundadores del muralismo en México, un movimiento autóctono, donde el arte popular mexicano es producido por y para el pueblo. Por lo tanto, la estructura del trabajo se divide en dos partes: primera trata de los términos “indigenismo” y “muralismo”, mientras que la segunda trata de las obras hechas por los “Tres Grandes” en edificios públicos durante la presidencia de Álvaro Obregón, con la comparación de sus obras al fin.Ovaj diplomski rad bavi se jednim od problema koji stoljećima postoji u meksičkom društvu – indigenizmom, na koji se više pažnje obratilo nakon Meksičke revolucije. Za vrijeme predsjedništva Álvara Obregóna (1920.-1924.), José Vasconcelos imenovan je tajnikom za javno obrazovanje i odmah je započeo svoju obrazovnu kampanju čiji je cilj bio uključiti domorodačke (indigene) ljude u društvo i obrazovati ih. Želio je izgraditi kolektivno sjećanje, a najbolji način da to postigne bio je staviti važne događaje iz cjelokupne meksičke povijesti na zidove javnih zgrada kako bi ih svi mogli vidjeti. U toj su mu namjeri pomogli poznati slikari, među kojima su najbolji bili José Clemente Orozco, Diego Rivera i David Alfaro Siqueiros („Velika trojica“), koje danas poznajemo kao utemeljitelje muralizma u Meksiku, autohtonog pokreta, gdje je meksičku narodna umjetnost stvorena od strane naroda i za narod. Stoga je struktura rada podijeljena u dva dijela: prvi se bavi pojmovima "indigenizam" i "muralizam", dok se drugi dio bavi djelima "Velike trojice" u javnim zgradama za vrijeme predsjedništva Álvara Obregóna, s usporedbom njihovih djela na kraju.This thesis deals with one of the problems that has existed for centuries in Mexican society – indigenism, to which more attention was paid after the Mexican Revolution. During the presidency of Álvaro Obregón (1920-1924), José Vasconcelos was appointed Secretary of Public Education and immediately began his educational campaign whose objective was to include the indigenous people in society and educate them. He wanted to build a collective memory and the best way to achieve that was to put the important events of complete Mexican history on the walls of public buildings so that everyone could see them. In this intention he was helped by famous painters among whom the best were José Clemente Orozco, Diego Rivera and David Alfaro Siqueiros (“The Three Greats”), who we know today as founders of muralism in Mexico, a native movement, where Mexican popular art is produced. by and for the people. Therefore, the structure of the work is divided into two parts: the first deals with the terms “indigenism” and “muralism”, while the second deals with the works made by the „Three Greats” in public buildings during the presidency of Álvaro Obregón, with the comparison of their works at the end
The frequency of premature births in the clinical hospital center Split in the period from 2019 to 2023
No full textPrijevremeni porod, koji se definira kao porod koji je završen prije 37. tjedna gestacije, vodeći je uzrok mortaliteta i morbiditeta novorođenčadi. Prijevremeni porod se najčešće dijeli na spontani prijevremeni porod (SPP) i na medicinski indicirani prijevremeni porod. Čimbenici rizika koji dovode do prijevremenog poroda dijele se u tri skupine: materalni, fetalni i placentarni čimbenici rizika. Prema nekim istraživanjima, smatra se da otprilike 30% svih prijevremenih poroda nema niti jedan od čimbenika rizika prijevremenog poroda. Ovo retrospektivno istraživanje provedeno je za petogodišnje razdoblje u periodu od 1.siječnja 2019. do 31. prosinca 2023. godine na Klinici za ženske bolesti i porode KBC-a Split, s ciljem utvrđivanja učestalosti prijevremenih poroda i utvrđivanja glavnih rizičnih čimbenika koji su doveli do prijevremenog poroda. U navedenom razdoblju bilo je ukupno 20773 poroda, od čega je njih 1248 bilo dovršeno prije navršenog 37. tjedna gestacije. Udio prijevremenih poroda iznosio je 6% u KBC-u Split u navedenom razdoblju. Od 1248 poroda, njih 225 (18,03%) bile su višeplodne trudnoće, koje su ujedno i najzastupljeniji čimbenik rizika prijevremenog poroda u našem istraživanju. Nakon njih, drugi najučestaliji čimbenik rizika bili su skupno preeklampsija, hipertenzija i/ili HELLP sindrom s udjelom od 10,74%. Slijede gestacijski dijabetes mellitus (GDM) s učestalosti od 8,17% i infekcije majke s udjelom od 6,89%. Od fetalnih čimbenika rizika, osim višeplodnih trudnoća, valja svakako izdvojiti intrauterini zastoj rasta (IUGR) s učestalosti od 2,16%, te oligohidramnij i polihidramnij s udjelima od 2,48%, odnosno 1,61%. Od placentarnih čimbenika rizika ističu se abrupcija posteljice s udjelom od 3,53% i placenta praevia s udjelom od 2,96%.Preterm birth, which is defined as birth completed before the 37th week of gestation, is the leading cause of infant mortality and morbidity. Premature birth is usually divided into spontaneous preterm birth (SPP) and medically indicated preterm birth. Risk factors that lead to premature birth are divided into three groups: maternal, fetal and placental risk factors. According to some studies, approximately 30% of all preterm births are thought to have none of the risk factors for preterm birth. This retrospective study was conducted for a five-year period from January 1st, 2019 to December 31st, 2023, at the Clinic for Women's Diseases and Childbirth at KBC Split, with the aim of determining the frequency of premature births and determining the main risk factors that led to premature birth. In the mentioned period, there were a total of 20,773 births, of which 1,248 were completed before the 37th week of gestation. The proportion of premature births was 6% in KBC Split in the mentioned period. Out of 1248 births, 225 (18.03%) were multiple pregnancies, which are also the most common risk factor for premature birth in our study. After them, the second most frequent risk factor was collectively preeclampsia, hypertension and/or HELLP syndrome with a share of 10.74%. They are followed by gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) with a frequency of 8.17% and maternal infections with a share of 6.89%. Of the fetal risk factors, in addition to multiple pregnancies, intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) should be singled out with a frequency of 2.16%, and oligohydramnios and polyhydramnios with shares of 2.48% and 1.61%, respectively. Of the placental risk factors, placental abruption with a share of 3.53% and placenta praevia with a share of 2.96% stand out
Sleep disturbance, work time interference with family and social life and mental health of nurses working in differently organized shifts
No full textRezultati istraživanja u području ispitivanja negativnih posljedica smjenskog rada potvrđuju da je neusklađenost između unutarnjih cirkadijurnih bioloških ritmova i rasporeda rada primarni uzrok umora i poremećaja spavanja kod smjenskih radnika (Åkerstedt i Wright, 2009). Radno vrijeme smjenskih radnika, osim sa spavanjem, nerijetko koincidira s periodom očekivanih interakcija i druženja s obitelji i prijateljima, što može smanjiti kvalitetno vrijeme provedeno s obitelji i prijateljima i opteretiti odnose smjenskog radnika s bliskim ljudima. Zbog prirode samoga posla koji zahtijeva rad izvan tradicionalnog radnog vremena, vrlo vjerojatno nema medicinske sestre koja u nekom periodu ili tijekom cijelog radnog vijeka nije uključena u smjenski rad stoga je cilj ovoga istraživanja bio ispitati učinke različito organiziranog smjenskoga rada na poremećaje spavanja, društveni i obiteljski život i mentalno zdravlje medicinskih sestara, a uzimajući u obzir neke njihove sociodemografske karakteristike. U istraživanju je sudjelovalo ukupno 99 medicinskih sestara zaposlenih u KBC Split prosječne dobi 40.88 godina. Provedba istraživanja bila je tipa papir-olovka, a uključivale su primjenu slijedećih skala: Skala interferencije radnog vremena s društvenim i obiteljskim životom, Skala kvalitete sna, Skala Mentalnog zdravlja i Vitalnosti (Subskale iz SF-36), te Upitnik jutarnjosti/večernjosti. Analizom rezultata je utvrđen najveći poremećaj spavanja nakon noćne smjene, a najmanji nakon slobodnog dana i to bez obzira na režim organizacije smjenskog rada. S obzirom na umjerenu pozitivnu povezanost poremećaja spavanja (nakon jutarnje, popodnevne i noćne smjene) i dobi čini se da taj poremećaj većim percipiraju starije medicinske sestre. Nije potvrđen efekt načina rotacije smjena na poremećaj sna, kao ni na interferenciju radnog vremena i društvenog i obiteljskog života, ali je utvrđen značajan efekt na mentalno zdravlje i vitalnost medicinskih sestara, odnosno medicinske sestre koje rade u smjenama koje se rotiraju svaka dva dana svoje mentalno zdravlje i vitalnost procjenjuju najlošijim. Naposljetku, s obzirom na umjerene značajne korelacije između svih zavisnih varijabli moglo bi se reći da su općenito veći negativni efekti smjenskog rada na ispitivanu kvalitetu spavanja, interferenciju obiteljskog i društvenog života, te mentalno zdravlje i vitalnost karakterističniji za medicinske sestre koje imaju manju toleranciju na smjenski rad.Research results in the field of examining the negative consequences of shift work confirm that the mismatch between internal circadian biological rhythms and the required work schedule is the primary cause of fatigue and sleep disorders in shift workers (Åkerstedt and Wright, 2009). In addition, the working hours of shift workers often coincide with the period of expected interactions and socializing with family and friends, which can reduce quality time spent with family and friends and strain the shift worker's relationships with close people. Due to the nature of the job itself, which requires work outside of traditional working hours, there is probably no nurse who is not involved in shift work at some point or during the entire working life, therefore the aim of this research was to examine the effects of differently organized shift work on sleep, social and family disorders life and mental health of nurses, considering some of their sociodemographic characteristics. A total of 99 nurses employed at KBC Split participated in the research. The implementation of the research was of the paper-pencil type and included the application of the following scales: Work Time Interference Scale with Social and Family Life, Sleep Quality Scale, Mental Health, and Vitality Scales (Subscales from SF36), and Morningness/Eveningness Questionnaire. Analysis of the results revealed the greatest sleep disturbance after the night shift, and the smallest after a day off, regardless of the mode of organization of shift work. Considering the moderate positive association between sleep disorders (after morning, afternoon and night shift) and age, it seems that this disorder is perceived more by older nurses. The effect of shift rotation on sleep disturbance, as well as on the interference of working hours and social and family life, was not confirmed, but a significant effect on the mental health and vitality of nurses. Nurses who work in shifts that rotate every two days on their mental health, was determined; they rate health and vitality as the worst. Finally, considering the moderately significant correlations between all dependent variables, it could be said that in general, the negative effects of shift work on the examined quality of sleep, interference with family and social life, and mental health and vitality are more characteristic of nurses who have a lower tolerance for shift work
Development of Algebraic concepts in early childhood education
No full textTema rada „Razvoj algebarskog koncepta kod djece rane i predškolske dobi“ fokusiran je na razumijevanje procesa učenja i razvoja algebarskog koncepta kod djece u dobi od rane djece do predškolske dobi. U radu se želi istražiti kako se osnovni matematički koncepti poput uzoraka, jednakosti, varijabli i promjenljivosti formiraju i razvijaju u ovim ranim fazama djetinjstva te kako se ti temelji mogu postaviti na način koji će podržati daljnje učenje matematike u kasnijim fazama obrazovanja. Kroz razumijevanje razvoja algebarskog razmišljanja kod djece u ranoj dobi, cilj je identificirati strategije i pristupe koji će omogućiti nastavnicima i roditeljima da podrže i potaknu matematički razvoj djece na način koji je prilagođen njihovim individualnim potrebama i sposobnostima. Cilj ovog rada je istražiti i analizirati razvoj algebarskog koncepta kod djece rane i predškolske dobi te pružiti dublje razumijevanje o tome kako se taj razvoj može podržati i potaknuti kroz različite aktivnosti i pristupe u obrazovnom okruženju.The theme of the paper, "Development of Algebraic Concepts in Early Childhood Education," focuses on understanding the learning process and development of algebraic concepts in children from early childhood to preschool age. The paper aims to explore how fundamental mathematical concepts such as patterns, equality, variables, and variability are formed and developed during these early stages of childhood, and how these foundations can be laid in a way that supports further learning of mathematics in later stages of education. By understanding the development of algebraic thinking in young children, the goal is to identify strategies and approaches that will enable teachers and parents to support and encourage the mathematical development of children in a manner tailored to their individual needs and abilities. The objective of this paper is to investigate and analyze the development of algebraic concepts in early and preschool-age children and to provide a deeper understanding of how this development can be supported and encouraged through various activities and approaches in the educational environment
The role of the nurse in monitoring atrial fibrillation in hemodialysis patients
No full textMedicinske sestre igraju ključnu ulogu u praćenju pacijenata s fibrilacijom atrija koji su na hemodijalizi, budući da ova kombinacija stanja stvara složene izazove zbog interakcija između srčane aritmije i smanjenih bubrežnih funkcija. Njihove odgovornosti uključuju kontinuirano praćenje vitalnih znakova i elektrokardiograma kako bi se rano otkrile promjene u srčanom ritmu i prilagodile terapijske strategije. Također su odgovorne za prilagodbu prehrambenih planova, što može smanjiti rizik od komplikacija i poboljšati opće zdravstveno stanje pacijenata. Osim tehničke skrbi, medicinske sestre pružaju emocionalnu podršku i edukaciju pacijentima o upravljanju svojim stanjem, što je ključno za njihovu prilagodbu i pridržavanje terapija. Integriranjem svih ovih aspekata u holistički pristup, medicinske sestre doprinose smanjenju rizika, poboljšanju kliničkih ishodova i ukupnoj kvaliteti života pacijenata.Nurses play a key role in the monitoring of patients with atrial fibrillation who are on hemodialysis, as this combination of conditions creates complex challenges due to interactions between cardiac arrhythmia and reduced renal function. Their responsibilities include continuous monitoring of vital signs and electrocardiograms to detect early changes in heart rhythm and adjust therapeutic strategies. They are also responsible for adjusting dietary plans, which can reduce the risk of complications and improve the general health of patients. In addition to technical care, nurses provide emotional support and education to patients about managing their condition, which is essential for their adaptation and adherence to therapies. By integrating all these aspects into a holistic approach, nurses contribute to reducing risk, improving clinical outcomes and overall quality of life for patients
Uloga prebacivanja kodova u psiholingvističkim modelima višejezične kompetencije
No full textCode-switching is a very frequent behavior observable in multilingual speakers and a typical feature of their so-called multilingual competence. A literature review has shown that models of multilingual competence do not adequately take into account code-switching. This thesis focuses on analyzing how three prominent models of multilingual competence account for code-switching. The chosen models are: The language switches model (Williams & Hammarberg, 2005), which is a developmental model explaining language production, the multilingual processing model (Meißner, 2004), which is a model focused on intercomprehensive language processing, and the dynamic model of multilingualism (Herdina & Jessner, 2002), a dynamic model of multilingual language development. The models are evaluated according to the following, previously established, criteria: The general role and the properties of code-switching taken into account by the model, the focus of the model, and the view of other psycholinguistic aspects of multilingual competence. It is concluded that each chosen model represents a different part of language acquisition and that, through their review, a useful insight into the phenomenon of multilingual competence is gainedPromjena kodova vrlo je česta pojava kod višejezičnih govornika i vrlo je važno svojstvo njihove takozvane višejezične kompetencije. Pregled literature pokazao je da modeli višejezične kompetencije ne uzimaju dovoljno u obzir promjenu kodova. Ovaj završni rad analizira kako tri ugledna modela višejezične kompetencije uzimaju u obzir promjenu kodova. Odabrani modeli su: "The language switches model" (Williams & Hammarberg, 2005), razvojni model koji objašnjava jezičnu produkciju, "the multilingual processing model" (Meißner, 2004), model koji se usredotočava na jezičnu obradu putem međusobnog razumijevanja i "The dynamic model of multilingualism" (Herdina & Jessner, 2002), dinamički model višejezičnog jezičnog razvoja. Modeli se vrednuju prema sljedećim, prethodno utvrđenim, kriterijima: Opća uloga i svojstva promjene kodova koje model uzima u obzir, fokus modela i pogled na druge psiholingvističke aspekte višejezične kompetencije. Zaključeno je da svaki od odabranih modela predstavlja različite aspekte usvajanja jezika i da se pomoću njihove analize stječe koristan uvid u fenomen višejezične kompetencije
Sustainable supply chain on the example of the Samsung company
No full textLanac opskrbe ključan je element poslovanja svakog poduzeća, neovisno o njegovoj djelatnosti, veličini i ostalim karakteristikama. Pod tim se terminom podrazumijeva sustav svih aktivnosti kojima se prirodni resursi, sirovine i ostale komponente pretvaraju u gotov proizvod koji se, u konačnici, isporučuje krajnjem kupcu pri čemu je njegova struktura različita od poduzeća do poduzeća. Iako lanac opskrbe nije jednostavno definirati, nema dvojbe oko toga da se isti fokusira na protok proizvoda, usluga te informacija. Kompleksnost opskrbnog lanca dokazuje i svjetski poznata kompanija Samsung koja vodi mnogo računa o svojem opskrbnom lancu, održivom, odgovornom i etičkom poslovanju. Pri tome, ova kompanija konstantno podržava svoje dobavljače u izgradnji jače konkurentske prednosti kako bi uspostavila zdrav korporativni ekosustav i održivi lanac opskrbe. Također, stalno ih ocjenjuje i provjerava kako bi bila sigurna u njihovu kvalitetu, vjerodostojnost, pravednost i poštenje. Svoje zaposlenike, koji su ključni za njen dugogodišnji uspjeh, prati i adekvatno nagrađuje, a prema kupcima se odnosi na način da stalno komunicira s njima, osluškuje njihove zahtjeve, potrebe i želje te svoje proizvode i usluge prilagođava upravo njima. Dakle, upravo je kompanija Samsung primjer dobre prakse održivog lanca opskrbe te bi se upravo na nju trebala ugledati brojna druga poduzeća.The supply chain is a key element of every company's business, regardless of its activity, size and other characteristics. This term refers to the system of all activities that transform natural resources, raw materials and other components into a finished product that is ultimately delivered to the end customer, and its structure is different from company to company. Although the supply chain is not easy to define, there is no doubt that it focuses on the flow of products, services and information. The complexity of the supply chain is also proven by the worldfamous company Samsung, which takes great care of its supply chain, sustainable, responsible and ethical business. At the same time, this company constantly supports its suppliers in building a stronger competitive advantage in order to establish a healthy corporate ecosystem and a sustainable supply chain. Also, she constantly evaluates and checks them in order to be sure of their quality, credibility, fairness and honesty. It monitors and adequately rewards its employees, who are key to its long-term success, and treats customers in such a way that it constantly communicates with them, listens to their requests, needs and wishes, and adapts its products and services to them. Therefore, the Samsung company is an example of good practice of a sustainable supply chain, and many other companies should emulate it
Fisheries local ecological knowledge at island Dugi otok
No full textRibarstvo je važna gospodarska djelatnost s dugom tradicijom na području RH i cijelog Sredozemlja. Odmakom vremena razvoj tehnologija prati i razvoj ribarstva stoga su promjene posljedično vidljive u morskom okolišu. Zahvaljujući širenju znanja o bioraznolikosti ribari upoznaju održivo ribarstvo i ono se počinje provoditi. Lokalno ekološko znanje o ribarstvu (FLEK-Fisheries local ecological knowledge) omogućuje stjecanje znanja o morskim resursima i uočavanje problema u ribarstvu te suočavanje s uzrocima. Ovim se radom nastojalo prikupiti podatke o lokalnom znanju o ribarstvu na području Dugog otoka te su dobivena različita znanja o ribolovnim alatima, novim, alohtonim vrstama, smanjenju ribljeg fonda itd. Podaci su prikupljeni provođenjem anketnih upitnika sa lokalnim ribarima različitih dobnih skupina, za različite vremenske periode i između onih koji koriste različite ribolovne tehnike. Cilj istraživanja je bio dobiti informacije o dinamici ribolova tijekom godina te o stanju ribljeg fonda na navedenom području. Analizom anketnih upitnika utvrđeno je kako većina otočnog stanovništva posjeduje manje brodice, a kao ribolovne alate koriste jednostruke i trostruke mreže stajaćice, parangale i vrše. Povlačni ribolovni alati uglavnom su se koristili u prošlosti, a u novije vrijeme puno manje. Današnji ulovi uglavnom su manji od nekadašnjih kao i ciljane vrste, čija se veličina smanjila s vremenom, dok su neke vrste postale rijetkost ili u potpunosti nestale iz ulova. Cijene goriva i održavanje alata i plovila ribarima predstavljaju velike probleme. Većina ribara smatra da je za mogućnost ostvarenja održivog ribarstva potrebno povećati kontrole nad alatima i ulovom te reorganizirati zabrane korištenja ribolovnih alata.Fishing is an economic activity with long tradition in the Mediterranean area. Despite the changes it is considered important in coastal countries, including Croatia. Over time, the development of technologies follows the development of fisheries and changes are consequently visible in the marine environment. Thanks to the spread of knowledge about the biodiversity, fishers are getting acquainted with the sustainable fishing and it begins to be implemented. Fisheries local ecological knowledge (FLEK) enables the acquisition on new knowledge of marine resources and the observation of important problems in fishing and dealing with the causes. This work aims to collect data on fisheries local ecological knowledge in area of island Dugi otok as type of fishing tools, new invasive species, reduction of fish stocks etc. Data was collected by conducting a survey with local fishers of different age groups, for different periods of time and for those using different fishing techniques. The aim of the research was to obtain information on the dynamics of fishing over the years and on the state of fish stocks in the mentioned area. By analyzing the survey, we found out that the majority of the island's population owns smaller boats, and they mostly use single and triple nets, longlines and traps as fishing gear. Different type of trawls were used more in the past. Today's catches are generally smaller than they were in the past, as are the target species whose size decreased over time, while some fish species have become rare or completely disappeared from the catch. Fuel prices and maintenance of tools and vessels pose major problems for fishermen. Most fishermen believe that in order to achieve sustainable fishing, it is necessary to increase controls over tools and catches and to reorganize bans on the use of fishing tools