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Certificate of Competency for Deck Department: Case study - Zadar Port Authority
No full textSvjedodžba o osposobljenosti dokaz je ovlaštenja pomorcu za obavljanje djelatnosti na brodu, na dužnostima i kao i na razinama odgovornosti, prema mogućim ograničenjima, međunarodnim ili drugim oznakama te roku valjanosti. U ovom završnom radu analizirane su svjedodžbe o osposobljenosti pomoraca za službu palube koje su izdane u Lučkoj kapetaniji Zadar. Temeljni ciljevi rada uključuju pregled međunarodnih i nacionalnih odredbi, posebnih zahtjeva za stjecanje svjedodžbi, te procesa obuke i osposobljavanja pomoraca.A certificate of competency proves that a seafarer is authorized to perform activities on board at duties and levels of responsibility according to possible limitations, international or other designations, and the validity period. In this paper the status of issued certificates of competency for deck department in the Harbour Master`s office Zadar is analyzed. The main objectives of the paper include a review of international and national regulations, specific requirements for obtaining certificates, and the training and certification process of seafarers
The Relationship Between the Tendency to Gossip and the Social and Moral Dimensions of Attitudes Towards Gossip
No full textKao sastavni dio ljudskog funkcioniranja, ogovaranje igra veliku ulogu u interpersonalnim odnosima, ono je inteligentna radnja, složen i sofisticiran alat prilagodbe životu u zajednici, te čini velik dio svakodnevne komunikacije. Definira se kao neformalni i evaluativni razgovor dvije osobe kojim se razmjenjuju (osobne) informacije (pozitivne ili negativne, provjerene ili neprovjerene) o odsutnoj trećoj osobi. U fokusu istraživanja u ovom području su dva konstrukta: sklonost ogovaranju i stavovi prema ogovaranju. Glavni cilj ovog istraživanja bio je ispitati odnose stavova prema ogovaranju i sklonosti ogovaranju, uključujući njihove pojedine dimenzije, kao i razlike između muškaraca i žena na uzorku studenata iz RH. U istraživanju je sudjelovala 141 osoba, od kojih su 98 žene i 43 muškarci, a provelo se putem online obrasca. U istraživanju su korištena dva instrumenta: Skala stavova prema ogovaranju i Upitnik sklonosti ogovaranju. Dobiveni rezultati pokazali su značajnu pozitivnu povezanost između povoljnih stavova prema ogovaranju i sklonosti ogovaranju. Nije utvrđena statistički značajna razlika u rezultatima između žena i muškaraca na Skali stavova prema ogovaranju niti na Subskali socijalnog vrednovanja, ali je utvrđena značajna razlika na Subskali moralnog vrednovanja, pri čemu muškarci u prosjeku imaju veće rezultate, odnosno manje su skloni negativnom moralnom vrednovanju ogovaranja nego žene. Utvrđena je statistički značajna razlika na Upitniku sklonosti ogovaranju, kao i na skalama informacija o drugima, fizičkog izgleda i sublimiranog ogovaranja, pri čemu u svim slučajevima žene u prosjeku imaju veće rezultate. Na Skali ogovaranja u domeni postignuća i na čestici koja mjeri tzv. pasivno ogovaranje nije utvrđena značajna razlika u prosječnim rezultatima muških i ženskih sudionika.As an integral part of human functioning, gossip plays a significant role in interpersonal relationships. It is an intelligent activity, a complex and sophisticated tool for adapting to life in the community, and constitutes a large portion of everyday communication. Gossip is defined as an informal and evaluative conversation between two parties in which (personal) information (positive or negative, verified or unverified) about an absent third party is exchanged. The focus of studies conducted in this area is on two contructs: tendency to gossip and attitudes towards gossip. The main aim of this study was to examine the relationship between attitudes towards gossip and the tendency to gossip, including their individual dimensions, as well as the differences between men and women, in a sample of students from Croatia. A total of 141 individuals participated in the study, of which 98 were women and 43 were men, and it was conducted via an online form. Two instruments were used in the study: the Attitudes Towards Gossip Scale and the Tendency to Gossip Questionnaire. The results showed a significant positive correlation between attitudes towards gossip and the tendency to gossip, as well as between all of their (sub)scales. No statistically significant difference was found in results on the Attitudes Towards Gossip Scale between women and men, nor in the Social Value Subscale, but a significant difference was found in the Moral Value Subscale, with men generally scoring higher. A statistically significant difference was found in the Tendency to Gossip Scale, as well as in the scales of Social Information, Physical Appearance and Sublimated Gossip, with women generally scoring higher in all cases. No statistically significant difference was found in the results of the Achievement Scale, nor in the item which measures so-called passive gossip
Odnos Britanskih supkultura prema Kraljevskoj obitelji
No full textThis paper aims to provide an overview of British youth subcultures during the 2nd half of the 20th century and their relationship to the institution of the Monarchy. This relationship is relevant still, as it explores the generational divide growing between the pre-and post-war generations, as well as relationships between subcultures and forms of authority. The timespan covered in the paper is from the early 1950s to the early 1980s. Subcultures analysed are: Teddy Boys, Mods, Rockers, Skinheads and Punks. These are not the only subcultures present at the time, but others were not analysed for the sake of brevity. The main goal of this paper is to, through an overview of the previously mentioned subcultures, try and form a picture of their relationship to the Monarchy. This is achieved by analysing music made and enjoyed by the members of various subcultures, as well as literature. The main takeaway of the paper is that the relationship between the British youth subcultures and the Royal Family was extremely one-sided, with the discontent present in all subcultures being divided among all forms of authority, not just the Monarchy. On the other hand, the Royal Family did not involve itself in any direct dialogue with the subcultures, or responded to the criticismCilj ovog rada je pružiti pregled britanskih mladenačkih supkultura u drugoj polovici 20og stoljeća, i njihov odnos s institucijom Monarhije. Taj odnos je još uvijek relevantan, jer se odnosi na generacijski jaz koji je rastao između pred i poslijeratnih generacija, kao i na odnose između supkultura i autoriteta. Rad pokriva vremenski period od ranih 1950-ih do ranih 1980- ih. Supkulture kojima se rad bavi su: Teddy Boysi, Modsi, Rockeri, Skinheadi i Punkeri. To nisu jedine supkulture aktivne u to vrijeme, ali ostale nisu analizirane zbog vremena. Glavni cilj ovog rada je, preko pregleda prije navedenih supkultura, pokušati formirati sliku njihovog odnosa sa Monarhijom. To je postignuto analizom glazbe i literature. Glavni rezultat rada je spoznaja da je odnos između britanskih mladenačkih supkultura i Kraljevske obitelji bio izrazito jednostran, jer je nezadovoljstvo prisutno u svim supkulturama bilo podijeljeno na sve forme autoriteta, ne samo Monarhiju. S druge strane, Kraljevska obitelj se nije uključila u nikakav izravan dijalog sa supkulturama, niti reagirala na kritike
Opiate use throughout history
No full textUpotreba opijata vjerojatno je bila prisutna od samih početaka razvoja naše vrste, a dokazi za upotrebu mogu se pronaći na svim dijelovima svijeta. Osobe koje su prakticirale upotrebu takvih opijata (psihoaktivnih) većinom su bile jako utjecajne u društvu, posebno u prapovijesti. To su bili šamani, koji su svoj trag ostavili u samim počecima religije, umjetnosti, tehnologiji i medicini. Nekada bi opijate prakticirali samo šamani, a nekada vjerojatno i kolektiv, odnosno veći broj ljudi. Bez obzira na represije tijekom povijesti, posebice dolaskom kršćanstava, ta se praksa korištenja psihoaktivnih preparata sačuvala i do danas. Najnovije studije utjecaja psihoaktivnih droga na čovjekov um idu u prilog teoriji kako su psihoaktivni preparati možda čak imali utjecaja i na razvoj naše civilizacije.The use of opiates has probably been present since the very beginning of the devolopment of our species, and evidence of its use can be found in all parts of the world. People who pratciced the use of such opiates (psychoactive), were mostly very influential in society, especially in prehistoric times. These were shamans who left their mark on the very beginning of religion, art, technology and medicine. Sometimes opiates, were practiced only by shamans, and sometimes by a larger number of people or even the whole community. Regardless of the repressions throughhout history, especially with the arrival of Christianity, this practice of using psychoactive preparations has been preserved to this day. The latest medical studies of the impact of psychoactive drugs on human mind, support the theory that psychoactive drugs may even have had impact on the devolopment of our civilization
The relationship between the use of social networks and mental health in young and middleaged adults
No full textDruštvene mreže su posljednjih godina stekle veliku popularnost zbog brojnih prednosti, poput dijeljenja sadržaja, održavanja kontakata te pronalaska novih informacija. Međutim, korištenje društvenih mreža može imati negativne posljedice na mentalno zdravlje. Rezultati prethodnih istraživanja su pokazali kako učestalost i način korištenja društvenih mreža može povećati razinu depresivnosti, anksioznosti i stresa kod korisnika društvenih platformi. Također, istraživanja na temu odnosa mentalnog zdravlja i korištenja društvenih mreža su većinski provedena na adolescentima. Stoga je cilj ovog istraživanja bio ispitati odnos između korištenja društvenih mreža i mentalnog zdravlja kod osoba mlađe i srednje odrasle dobi. U istraživanju je sudjelovalo 192 osoba u dobi od 25 do 59 godina. Sudionici su odgovarali na pitanja vezana uz sociodemografske podatke i pitanja vezana uz učestalost i razloge (ne)korištenja društvenih mreža. Nakon toga su ispunjavali Skalu depresivnosti, anksioznosti i stresa (DASS-21) (Lovibond i Lovibond, 1995). Nisu utvrđene statistički značajne razlike u razinama depresivnosti i anksioznosti s obzirom na učestalost korištenja društvenih mreža kod osoba mlađe i srednje odrasle dobi, kao ni u razinama depresivnosti, anksioznosti i stresa s obzirom na razloge korištenja društvenih mreža u osoba mlađe i srednje odrasle dobi. Utvrđena je statistički značajna razlika u razini stresa s obzirom na učestalost korištenja društvenih mreža. Češće korištenje društvenih mreža je uglavnom povezano s višim razinama stresa. Također, nije utvrđena statistički značajna razlika između osoba mlađe i srednje odrasle dobi s obzirom na razinu depresivnosti, anksioznosti, stresa i učestalost korištenja društvenih mreža.Social networks have gained big popularity recent years due to numerous advatages such as content sharing, maintaining contacts and finding new information. But the use of social networks can also have negative impact on mental health. The results from the previous research have shown that both the frequency and the type of social network use could increase the depression, anxiety and stress levels in social network users. In addition, the research based on the relationship between social network use and mental health have been conducted mostly in adolescents. The aim of this research was to examine the relationship between social network use and mental health in younger and middle-aged adults. 192 adults, 25 to 59 years of age, participated in the study. They completed the socio-demographic questionnaire and answered the questions on frequency and the reasons of (not) using social networks. After that, they completed Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS-21) (Lovibond i Lovibond, 1995). The analysis showed that there are no statistically significant differences in depression and anxiety levels considering frequency of social network use in younger and middle aged adults, as well as in depression, anxiety and stress levels considering the reasons of social network use. The analysis showed that there is statistically significant difference in stress level considering the frequency of social network use. More frequent use of social networks is mostly associated with higher levels of stress. In addition to that, there are no statistically significant differences between younger and middle-aged adults regarding depression, anxiety and stress levels, as well as the frequency of social network use
Engleski elementi u nazivima kafića i restorana u Zadru
No full textThis diploma thesis offers an examination of language contact between English and Croatian through a study of English elements present in the names of coffee bars and restaurants in Zadar. The primary objective of this research was to identify and classify Anglicisms within these names, assessing their level of adaptation in terms of orthography and morphology using Filipović's methodology. The first section of the thesis provides a theoretical foundation, defining concepts of language contact and language borrowing. It includes a concise historical overview of interactions between English and other European languages, with a specific focus on Croatian, and explores the pervasive influence of English as a global language. The second section comprises a thorough examination of the orthographic and morphological adaptation of Anglicisms from the corpus. Orthography of the Anglicism is formed according to the pronunciation of the model, according to the model´s orthography, the combination of the orthography and pronunciation or under the influence of intermediary language. On the other hand, morphological adaptation includes three phases: zero, compromise and complete transmorphemization.Ovaj diplomski rad donosi pregled jezičnog dodira između engleskog i hrvatskog jezika kroz proučavanje engleskih elemenata prisutnih u nazivima kafića i restorana u Zadru. Glavni cilj istraživanja bio je identificirati i klasificirati anglizme u tim nazivima te analizirati njihovu razinu prilagodbe na ortografskoj i morfološkoj razini slijedeći metodologiju Rudolfa Filipovića. Prvi dio rada donosi teorijsku osnovu, definira pojmove jezičnog kontakta i jezičnog posuđivanja. Uključuje sažeti povijesni pregled odnosa između engleskog jezika i drugih europskih jezika, s posebnim naglaskom na hrvatski jezik, te istražuje sveprisutni utjecaj engleskog kao globalnog jezika. Drugi dio rada obuhvaća temeljitu analizu ortografske i morfološke prilagodbe anglizama, Ortografija anglizma oblikuje se prema izgovoru modela, prema ortografiji modela, kombinacijom ortografije i izgovora ili pod utjecajem jezika posrednika. S druge strane, morfološka prilagodba uključuje tri faze: nultu, kompromisnu i potpunu transmorfemizaciju
Urbani prostor u suvremenoj britanskoj književnosti
No full textThis diploma paper analyses urban space in five selected novels: Ian McEwan’s The Comfort of Strangers, Hanif Kureishi’s The Buddha of Suburbia and The Black Album, Janice Galloway’s The Trick Is to Keep Breathing, and James Kelman’s How Late It Was, How Late. The paper uses the concepts of psychogeography and non-places to demonstrate the relationship between the individual and the urban setting and the protagonists’ perceptions of urban space. The paper explores issues such as flânerie, identity formation, male-female relationships.Ovaj diplomski rad analizira urbani prostor u pet romana suvremene britanske književnosti. Romani su Utjeha u naručju neznanaca (Ian McEwan), Buddha iz predgrađa i Crni Album (Hanif Kureishi), Trik je nastaviti disati (Janice Galloway), Kako je kasno bilo, kako kasno (James Kelman). U diplomskom radu koriste se pojmovi psihogeografije i nemjesta kako bi se prikazao ne samo odnos između pojedinca i urbanog okruženja, već i percepcija protagonista na urbani prostor. Rad istražuje flaneriju, izgradnju identiteta te problematiku muško-ženskih odnosa u kontekstu urbanog prostora
Prevalence and motives of sexting among adolescents in youth relationships
No full textZbog sveprisutnog utjecaja interneta i društvenih mreža u svakodnevnom životu pojedinca, adolescenti su često meta uključivanja u brojna ponašanja, a među time i u ponašanje sekstinga. Prethodna istraživanja nude širok raspon rezultata te objašnjavaju razlike u sekstingu uzimajući u obzir spol i kontekst romantičnih veza, ali još uvijek postoji potreba za istraživanjem raširenosti sekstinga u kontekstu adolescentskih veza. Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je ispitati raširenost i motive sekstinga među adolescentima u mladenačkim vezama, kao i povezanost sekstinga s različitim aspektima mladenačkih veza (predanost u vezi i zadovoljstvo vezom). Na uzorku srednjoškolaca (Nžena=139,Nmuškaraca=81), koji razvojno pripadaju razdoblju adolescencije (M=16.78, SD=0.98), korišten je Upitnik o sekstingu i motivima sekstinga (Del Rey i sur., 2021), a uz njega korišten je i Upitnik općih sociodemografskih podataka. Provedenom analizom utvrđena je razlika između dječaka i djevojčica u slanju seksualnog sadržaja, pri čemu je otkriveno kako su dječaci češće od djevojčica slali poruke seksualnog sadržaja, ali razlika između dječaka i djevojčica u primanju i prosljeđivanju seksualnog sadržaja nije utvrđena. Istraživanjem nisu utvrđene ni razlike u sekstingu s obzirom na status veze. Po pitanju motiva nije pronađena razlika u čestini motiva slanja i prosljeđivanja seksualnog sadržaja između srednjoškolaca koji se nalaze i srednjoškolaca koji se ne nalaze u romantičnoj vezi, osim za motiv prosljeđivanja „zato što je naša veza završila“, gdje je utvrđeno da su srednjoškolci koji se ne nalaze u romantičnoj vezi oni koji češće koriste taj motiv u odnosu na one koji se nalaze u vezi. Provedene su i korelacijske analize, pri čemu nisu utvrđene statistički značajne povezanosti između čestica sekstinga te predanosti i zadovoljstva vezom. Temeljem analize rezultata, koji se tumače u odnosu na prethodne nalaze o sekstingu, može se zaključiti da još uvijek postoji motivacija za daljnjim pregledom ove teme, kako bi se pritom osigurao dublji i sveobuhvatniji uvid u kompleksnost i dinamičnost sekstinga.Due to the ubiquitous influence of the internet and social media in the daily life of an individual, adolescents are often the target of involvement in numerous behaviors, and sometimes also in sexting behavior. Previous research includes a wide range of results that explain differences in sexting taking into account gender and the context of romantic relationships, but there is still a need to investigate the prevalence of sexting in the context of adolescent relationships. The aim of this research was to examine the prevalence and motives of sexting among adolescents in youth relationships, as well as the connection of sexting with different aspects of youth relationships (relationship commitment and relationship satisfaction). A questionnaire on sexting and sexting motives (Del Rey et al., 2021) was used on a sample of high school students (Nfemale=139, Nmale=81), who developmentally belong to the period of adolescence (M=16.78, SD=0.98), and along with it, the Questionnaire of general sociodemographic data was used. The conducted analysis established a difference between boys and girls in the prevalence of sending sexual content, whereby it was revealed that boys sent messages with sexually explicit content more often than girls, but the difference between boys and girls in the prevalence of receiving and forwarding sexually explicit content was not established. The research also found no differences in sexting regarding to relationship status. Regarding the motives, no difference was found in the frequency of the motives for sending and forwarding sexual content between high school students who are and high school students who are not in a romantic relationship, except for the motive of forwarding "because our relationship ended", where it was determined that high school students who are not in a romantic relationship use this motive more often than high school students who are in a relationship. Correlation analyzes were also conducted, where no statistically significant correlations were found between the particles of sexting and commitment and satisfaction with the relationship. Based on the analysis of the results, which are interpreted in relation to the previous findings on sexting, it is possible to conclude that there is still motivation for further review of this topic, to provide a deeper and more comprehensive insight into the complexity and dynamism of sexting
Representation of the crisis in experimental poetry
No full textDie experimentelle Poesie ist eine Strömung, die akustische und visuelle Elemente enthält. Die Strömung entstand als Reaktion auf den Zweiten Weltkrieg. In den Gedichten von Jandl, Fried und Achleitner werden äußere gesellschaftliche und politische Krisen thematisiert. Die Krise wird in dieser Arbeit in externe und interne Krisen gegliedert. Externe Krisen bezeichnen die Krisen, die einen Einfluss auf ein Kollektiv oder eine ganze Gesellschaft haben, während interne Krisen sich auf Krisen als Probleme des Einzelnes und der zwischenmenschlichen Beziehungen beziehen. Die Gedichte von Ernst Jandl basieren auf akustischen Elementen und stellen typische Beispiele der konkreten Poesie dar. Jandl experimentiert mit den Lauten, aber auch mit der Schriftart und schreibt über die Kriegszerstörungen und Krisen in zwischenmenschlichen Beziehungen. Erich Fried mit seinem erzählenden Ton in Gedichten, beschäftigt sich mit existenziellen und zwischenmenschlichen Krisen. Seine Gedichte erinnern an ein Gespräch, das er entweder mit anderen oder mit sich selbst führt. Der bekannte Vertreter der Dialektpoesie Friedrich Achleitner nutzt wiederholte Zeilen und ihre Varianten und erinnert an die Krise der kollektiven Identität des Individuums. Die experimentelle Poesie hat ihre Variante in den Werken von heutigen Autoren, doch dieser Einfluss wird in ihren Werken stilistisch und thematisch teilweise genutzt und hat sich in keine neue selbstständige literarische Strömung entwickelt. Diese Variante wird oft mit der bildenden Kunst kombiniert, um ein neues Werk zu schaffen. Die ausgewählten Gedichte zeigen die damaligen Krisen, die Grausamkeit des Krieges und den Niedergang der menschlichen Beziehungen, die leider auch oft in heutiger Welt passieren.Eksperimentalna poezija je književni pravac koji sadrži akustične i vizualne elemente. Pravac je nastao kao reakcija na Drugi svjetski rat. Pjesme Jandla, Frieda i Achleitnera govore o vanjskim društvenim i političkim krizama. Kriza je u radu podijeljena na vanjsku i unutarnju. Vanjska kriza odnosi se na krizu koja ima utjecaja na kolektiv ili cijelo društvo, dok se unutarnja kriza odnosi na krizu, odnosno na probleme pojedinca i međuljudskih odnosa. Pjesme Ernsta Jandla temelje se na akustičnim elementima i predstavljaju tipične primjere Jandlovog pjesničkog eksperimentiranja zvukovima, ali i fontom. Jandl piše o ratnim razaranjima i krizama u međuljudskim odnosima. Erich Fried narativnim tonom u pjesmama obrađuje egzistencijalne i međuljudske krize. Njegove pjesme podsjećaju na razgovore koje on vodi s drugima ili sa samim sobom. Poznati predstavnik dijalektalne poezije Friedrich Achleitner koristi ponavljanje u stihovima te njihove inačice upućuju na krizu identiteta zajednice i pojedinca. Eksperimentalna poezija ima svoju inačicu u djelima današnjih autora čiji je utjecaj samo dijelom stilski i tematski iskorišten te se nije razvio u novi, samostalni književni pravac. Ta inačica, često kombinirana s likovnom umjetnošću, stvara potpuno novo djelo. Odabrane pjesme prikazuju krizu tog vremena, okrutnost rata i propadanje međuljudskih odnosa, što je nažalost česta problematika i današnjeg svijeta.Experimental poetry is a literary movement that contents acoustic and visual elements. The movement was created in response to World War II. The poems of Jandl, Fried and Achleitner deal with the external social and political crises. The crisis in this thesis is divided in external and internal crises. External crises refer to the crises that affect a collective or a whole society, while internal crises refer to the crises as in the problems of the individual and interpersonal relationships. The poems of Ernst Jandl are based on the acoustic elements and represent typical examples of concrete poetry. Jandl experiments with sounds, but also with fonts, and writes about the devastation of war and crises in interpersonal relationships. Erich Fried, with his narrative tone in poems, deals with existential and interpersonal crises. His poems resemble conversations he might have with others or with himself. The well-known representative of dialectic poetry Friedrich Achleitner uses repeated lines and their variant and recalls the crisis of the individual’s collective identity. Experimental poetry has its variant in the works of contemporary authors, but this influence is used stylistically and thematically in their works and has not developed into a new independent literary movement. This variant is often combined with visual art to create a new work. The selected poems show the crises of that time, the cruelty of war and the decline of human relations, which unfortunately also often happens in today's world
Quality management in biocosmetics
No full textDanas se potrošači okreću biokozmetici jer žele kozmetiku bez štetnih, umjetnih i agresivnih kemikalija. Potrošači sve više razmišljaju o zaštiti prirode, posebice o zaštiti životinja i globalnim klimatskim promjenama. Biokozmetika postaje veliki trend, što je dovelo do povećanja potražnje za njom, kao i nastojanja da se poboljša upravljanje kvalitetom biokozmetike i osiguranje vrhunskih sastojaka. S obzirom da mnogi kozmetički proizvodi izravno komuniciraju s kožom, kozmetička industrija zahtijeva najveću osjetljivost u svakoj fazi. Da bi bili relevantni, moraju se pridržavati posebnih standarda i certifikata koji povećavaju njihovu tržišnu konkurentnost i unapreĎuju njihov ugled. Svrha ovog rada je istražiti i objasniti upravljanje kvalitetom u biokozmetici te kroz provedeno istraživanje utvrditi percepciju korisnika biokozmetike.Today, consumers are turning to biocosmetics because they want cosmetics without harmful, artificial and aggressive chemicals. Consumers are thinking more and more about nature protection, especially animal protection and global climate change. Biocosmetics is becoming a big trend, which has led to an increase in demand for it, as well as efforts to improve biocosmetics quality management and ensure premium ingredients. Since many cosmetic products interact directly with the skin, the cosmetic industry requires the utmost sensitivity at every stage. To be relevant, they must adhere to specific standards and certifications that increase their market competitiveness and enhance their reputation. The purpose of this paper is to investigate and explain quality management in biocosmetics and to determine the perception of users of biocosmetics through the conducted research