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Civilinės saugos koncepcijos įgyvendinimas valdant, naudojant ir disponuojant valstybės ir savivaldybių turtu
Get PDFThe aim of this article is to analyse and disclose the management of state assets, dedicated to
ensure public safety through the use of shelters. The changes of the legal regulation on the protection
of the population in cases of emergency as well as during the war is presented. The article analyses
whether collective security structures can be equated to a shelter as special-purpose structures. It is
observed that in the event of war or other emergency, the political will of the state is to focus on possible
routes for the evacuation of the population and, if necessary, provide the temporary collective protection
structures to the society until the evacuation will be conducted. The current legal regulation does not
specify the requirement for the minimum equipment, to be provided in the collective protection
structures. The legislation also does not impose specific requirements on construction of buildings and
premises, which are dedicated to protect people from life-threatening or health-threatening factors in
cases of emergency or during war. The article identifies shortfalls in the efforts of the state establishing
effective legal framework for the management of shelters. It is observed in the article, that the unequal
treatment of the population's security policy by the Government in the light of war in Ukraine, is a
primary factor, reducing subjective sense of security within the population. The article also examines
the relationship between the duty of the state to take care of public security and the duty of the population
to act prudently and diligently
The Panevezys – Saldutiskis railway case in the diaries of M. Römeris
No full textCC BY-NC-ND 4.0Mykolas Römeris wrote about various legal issues in his diaries. He also
wrote about cases that were examined at the Permanent Court of International Justice
in The Hague, where the prominent Lithuanian lawyer served as an ad hoc judge (or
national Lithuanian judge). He wrote about the case of the interpretation of the Statute
of the Memel Territory, to which he devoted numerous pages in volume 34 of his diaries.
Naturally, he also wrote about the case of the Panevėžys–Saldutiškis railway, to which this
article is dedicated. While describing the Panevėžys–Saldutiškis case in his diaries,
Römeris: looked into issues of international law and the process of hearing cases at the
Permanent Court of International Justice; analyzed the ad hoc role of the judge and
not only the legal, but also the political and psychological reasons for making decisions;
described in detail the judges’ discussions, considering one or another issue, the origin of
the case, the legal intricacies of the case, the Lithuanian delegation, the preparation of
Lithuania’s defense strategy, and preparation for the judicial process; and presented his opinion
regarding the preliminary objections presented by Lithuania. The structure of this article
was determined by the progress and stages of the trial process.
The scientific foundation of this research consists of the material of two funds
stored in the Wróblewski Library of the Lithuanian Academy of Sciences, Vilnius University
Library. The historical, comparative, analytical, descriptive, linguistic, and document
analysis methods were used in the research
Politinio dalyvavimo reperturai Lietuvoje: latentinė klasių analizė
No full textCC BYMost scholars argue that the decline of citizen participation and confidence in
political institutions might be explained as the transformation of traditional forms of political
participation to new ones. However, some authors indicate that citizens are not exclusively oriented
towards institutionalized or de-institutionalized forms of participation and use all available
mechanisms of influence by participating in various forms of action. The focus of this article is an
empirical investigation of repertoires of political participation in Lithuania. The article, which is
based on the data of the fifth wave of the European Values Study, concludes that repertoires of
political participation in Lithuania are diversified and complex. They are significantly associated
with gender, age, education, income, place of residence, interpersonal trust, confidence in political
institutions, materialist/postmaterialist values, authority orientations, democratic support, autocratic
orientations, and family socialization. The repertoires of the all-around activists, the duty-based
participants, and the low-involved protesters are mixed and include all forms of political
participation. However, there is a slightly noticeable trend toward the repertoire of an assertive
citizen among the low-involved protesters and the apolitical volunteers
Influence of intercultural competence on an organisation’s success and personal career: the case study of Lithuania
Get PDFCC BY-NC-ND 4.0This paper aims to identify the influence of intercultural competence on an
organisation’s success and personal career in Lithuania. The study described in this
paper is a part of international research on intercultural competence. An online
questionnaire survey was conducted in Lithuania with non-probability convenience
sampling to find out the views of employees working in different sector organisations.
The survey was filled out by 1193 respondents from Lithuania. Employees’ intercultural
competence (knowledge/cognitive dimension, skills/behavioural dimension, and
attitudes/emotional dimension) was evaluated using 5-point Likert items and is
elaborated elsewhere. The multivariate analysis was used to analyse the survey data
and test three hypotheses stating that (1) employees support the notion that higher
intercultural competence can foster an organisation’s success and personal career, (2)
organisations tend to leave the development of intercultural competence to employees,
and (3) current intercultural knowledge and skills are inadequate to operate in
a multicultural work environment. The analysis showed that half of the respondents
agreed with the statement that the development of intercultural competence (ICC)
helped the personal career and an organisation’s success. The statement regarding
organisations tending to leave the intercultural competence development to their
employees was only supported by less than one-third of the respondents. Besides, the
data did not fully support the statement that employees’ current intercultural
knowledge and skills were inadequate to operate in a multicultural work environment,
as no more than one-third of the respondents had frequent or very frequent issues
when communicating with foreigners due to inadequate intercultural knowledge and
skills in various sub-areas. The paper elaborates on detailed results
Features of ancient roman criminal law
No full textThe article deals with the questions about ancient Roman criminal law and its origins. As these
questions are relevant to modern law studies there is lack of discussion in Lithuanian law. If much
attention is paid to Roman civil law and the history of law, the questions of the genesis of criminal
justice are seldom of interest. Thus in Lithuania the law of ancient Rome is almost exclusively regarded
as a civil law. The knowledge of history allows to understand the origins and conditionality of legal
norms and provides valuable insights, as well as reveals the layers of this intangible property. As it is
described in the history of law, ancient Roman law is the most perfect legal system in the ancient world,
unified and all-encompassing. The richest legal culture has developed on the basis of this law which
has long become property of all mankind. The question of the criminal law of ancient Rome is interesting
because the civil law of ancient Rome is studied extensively. The provisions of old Roman civil law have
not lost their meaning even after several millennia. As research shows there was no such thing as Roman
criminal law in a modern understanding. There was no separate branch of law, area of legal regulatory
system or centralized system of criminalization or penalization. However, during the early Roman
period, then republic of Rome the system of criminal justice as we understand it today as an independent
mechanism began to take shape. The author presents the separation of the concepts of the crimina
(crimes) and delicta (private torts), the dual concept of Roman criminal law. The author mentions one
of the first fundamental legal acts that established the provisions of criminal liability, i.e. The Laws of
Twelve Tables as well as features and peculiarities of criminal proceedings, the process of iudicia
populi, permanent courts or questiones perpetuae and courts during the times of kingdom, cognitio extra
ordinem. The author presents the provisions of the criminal law of ancient Rome from different periods,
examples of individuals laws as well as different criminal acts such as furtum, iniuria, vis, maiestas,
repentundarum, plagium, peculatus, homicidium (paricidium), stuprum, ambitus, annonae, stellionatus,
calmuniae
Assessment of Progress Towards 20-20-20 Targets: Evidence from Baltic States
Get PDFCC BY 4.0The 2020 climate and energy package adopted in 2009 sets three key targets for EU Member States:
20% cut in greenhouse gas emissions (from 1990 levels); to ensure 20% of renewables in final energy consumption and to achieve 20% improvement in energy efficiency from 2005 levels. The
paper analyses the progress of selected countries in achieving climate and energy targets by 2020.
Baltic States, namely Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia were selected for comparative assessment of
their achievements in GHG emission reduction, energy efficiency improvement and use of renewable energy sources. Indicator’s framework was constructed to capture the most important drivers
of GHG emission reduction from fuel combustion. These indicators allow to compare countries in
their achievements by assessing their main energy and climate change policies. The analysis and
comparison of the trends of the main indicators allows to define the best performing country and
the reason of this. Policy implications were developed for Baltic States to pursue further progress in
achieving energy and climate targets for 2030 and 2050
Selection, Implementation and Testing of Language Sample Analysis Measures for the Web-Based Application MultiDis
Get PDFPurpose: The MultiDis application is a new, web-based application designed for
the analysis of spoken and written language samples, which provides information about
the language abilities of children and adults, thus facilitating language assessment. The
aim of this paper is to present the selection, implementation, and testing of language
measures in the MultiDis application. We will present the application, the process of selecting the measures we implemented, the language resources needed to calculate them,
and the results of testing. MultiDis is currently being developed for Croatian, but it
could be scaled up for multilingual analysis
The need to apply specialized knowledge in public administration
No full textAdministrative procedure does not only include judicial
disputes, but the need for the use of special knowledge also
arises in the process of making various administrative decisions
in public administration and in the process of settling
administrative disputes out of court, i.e. in administrative
procedure or quasi-judicial procedure. The staff of the various
institutions are, by virtue of their official (job) requirements,
specialists in their respective fields and can be regarded as
possessing specialised knowledge, including specific legal
knowledge. However, the Law on Public Administration of the
Republic of Lithuania does not provide for the participation
of an expert or specialist in administrative decision-making.
Therefore, the competence of a specialist is at the discretion
of the abovementioned institutions. Administrative disputes
often arise in the exercise of the functions of the executive
power, usually between a person and a public administration
entity, and are resolved by means of the rules of administrative
procedure. If an administrative dispute arises, it may be settled
by quasi-judicial bodies such as the various administrative
disputes commissions. A quasi-judicial dispute that has not
been resolved may be referred further to an administrative
court. The staff of the various public administration bodies may not have all the necessary specialised knowledge, including
legal knowledge, as administrative disputes cover a wide
range of different areas of activity
Geography general education programme: towards competence development
No full textCC BY-SA 4.0The article summarizes the most important stages of the change of educational content
and the work carried out during the 20th anniversary of the education reform, with an
exclusive emphasis on the change in the content of geography education. The most important strategic education documents on the basis of which the Framework Program-
mes were developed and updated are discussed. After the adoption of the State Progress
Strategy “Lithuania 2030” (2012), “Let‘s change our world. The National Education Strategy 2013-2022 (2013), the Curriculum Framework for Primary, Primary and Secondary
Education (2015)”, the Good School Concept (2015) and the Guidelines for the Renewal of
the General Curriculum (2019). One of the most important documents is the Guidelines
for the Renewal of the General Curricula, which aims to guide the renewal of the General
Curricula for primary, basic and secondary education in order to ensure a higher quality of general education. Based on the modern concept of educational content, which is
already well established in Lithuania, modern educational programmes aim to develop
students‘ competences, i.e. their ability to act in a particular field and to base their actions
on values. It presents the most recent documents in the geography curriculum that focus
on the development of pupils‘ competences, and examines the challenges for teachers
and schools in the development and implementation of the new learning content and the
change in the assessment of pupils‘ achievements