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Methodological aspects of customer satisfaction surveys: how important are respondent selection criteria?
Get PDFCC BY-NC 4.0Purpose – Based on theoretical analysis and case review, the paper aims to reveal the
challenges of respondent selection criteria for customer satisfaction research. In this paper, academic
literature of qualitative and qualitative-quantitative research is analyzed and interpreted, revealing
the importance of respondent selection criteria for customer satisfaction surveys
Soft Interventions for Sustainable Mobility: Classification, Factors Affecting Effectiveness and Insights for the Development of Measures in the Context of Lithuania
No full textCC BY 4.0Soft sustainable mobility measures can help achieve climate change goals in the Lithuanian
context. To provide recommendations for the most effective measures, researchers are developing
and testing interventions of various scales and types. As this practice is not widely used in Lithuania,
it is useful to rely on research conducted by foreign researchers for the development and application
of soft sustainable mobility measures in the Lithuanian context. In the literature, travel behaviour
interventions are often classified according to the internal variable to which they are directed. As an
alternative, this article proposes a classification according to the decision-making process - conscious
and automatic. It is argued that such a classification allows for the development of more
comprehensive tools. Quantitative literature analysis is often performed to compare the effectiveness
of different interventions. However, the effectiveness of soft travel behaviour interventions and the
indicators that reflect it are often determined by circumstances that cannot be quantified. This makes
it difficult to predict the potential impact of a particular intervention in different contexts. Therefore,
an analysis of 20 soft travel behaviour interventions was performed, which qualitatively analysed the
effectiveness of the interventions targeting both decision-making processes and identified the factors
influencing it.The results revealed that the effectiveness of soft interventions is influenced by the
social and infrastructural contexts in which the study was conducted, the participants' initial mobility
behaviour, recent changes in their living circumstances, and the relevance of the information
provided. Furthermore, the results of the intervention are determined by when the effectiveness was
measured and the types of trips analysed. These factors make it difficult to compare the effectiveness
of interventions that target different decision-making processes. However, the results of the study
support the claim that both types of measures are necessary to promote sustainable mobility
behaviours and should therefore be used together. Based on the results, recommendations for the
development of soft travel behaviour measures in the Lithuanian context are presented
Concerted Practices: Concept and Evolution
Get PDFCC BY 4.0The doctrine of concerted practices has been developed over several decades of jurisprudence. To grasp this doctrine in a coherent
and structured manner is essential for understanding cartel enforcement under Article 101 TFEU. This article shows that the evolution of
concerted practices could be divided analytically into six distinct stages. Some important precedents have been adopted at each stage. We
capture them by the succinct formulation of “rules”. The entire set of “rules” concisely represents the doctrine of concerted practices. We
then turn to their critical reflection. A fuller picture of concerted practices emerges, revealing important weaknesses in the doctrine: (i) an
apparent lack of new conceptual developments, which could be partially explained by the rule that enabled imprecise qualification of cartel
infringements as agreements “and/or” concerted practices; and (ii) rebuttable presumptions and notions of passive participation or tacit
acceptance of collusion gradually turned into a sui generis prohibition of exchange of information, which is hardly compatible with the
definition of concerted practices or even violates the presumption of innocence. The doctrine of concerted practices was shaped before the
age of the internet and virtual competition, which makes it fairly outdated for addressing emerging issues of algorithmic collusion. We
could expect a resurgence of interest in the fundamentals of the concept and forthcoming new conceptual developments
The place of criminalistics strategy in the system of Lithuanian and German criminalistic science
Get PDFThis article explores the concept of criminalistics strategy and its place in
criminalistics science, based on the structure of German criminalistics science.
In criminalistics science, there has been a long-standing discussion among
scientists, whose positions on the understanding of criminalistics strategy, its
content and its place in criminalistics science are not unanimous and certainly
require a detailed scientific analysis and understanding. As a member of the
European Union, it is time for Lithuania to rethink the subject of Lithuanian
criminalistics and its structure, possibly by refining its structural parts, expanding
and incorporating the criminalistics strategy into it. The author has
analysed the positions of German and Lithuanian criminalists on the place of
criminalistics strategy in the science of criminalistics, systematised and scientifically
summarised them
Linking Lexicographic Resources to Language Proficiency-Level Applications
Get PDFPurpose: We aim to enhance the development of vocabulary teaching and training materials by converging difficulty-graded word lists with lexicographic data. Grading word difficulty is prevalent in both native and additional language learning, in production and reception tasks, and for text readability analysis and vocabulary testing.
Our objectives are to upgrade the usability of such resources for creators of vocabulary
learning materials – by enriching them with semantic information such as definitions,
examples of usage, and multiword expressions (and possibly more) from dictionaries –
cross-lingualize the different language sets, and upload the by-products to the Linguistic Linked Open Data cloud
Problems of Money Laundering in the FinTech Sector in Lithuania
No full textThis article analyzes and researches money laundering prevention
and its problems in the FinTech sector in Lithuania. In particular,
the article discusses the concept of money laundering, its conditions, and
its causes, and analyzes the ways and means of implementing the money
laundering process. The remaining parts of the article analyze how money
laundering prevention is carried out in the FinTech sector in Lithuania,
the main risks related to money laundering in the FinTech sector in
Lithuania, and how the pandemic has affected money laundering. The
question arises as to whether the pandemic contributed to the increase in
fraudulent use of FinTech companies. The main conclusion of the article
is that money laundering is a criminal offense aimed at financial gain and
misappropriation of property, and it should be emphasized that money
laundering has become a global problem. This is due to a number of reasons,
chief among which are the notion that Lithuania does not possess
sufficient information regarding FinTech companies, and the fact that the
constantly growing number of financial technology companies in Lithuania
and the easy availability and use of their services can lead to money
laundering. When analyzing the topic of money laundering, it also became
clear that this is a very serious and relevant problem that is not
limited to Lithuania. The growing FinTech sector in Lithuania does pose
risks in the area of money laundering, and the authorities responsible for
preventing this area are not yet in a position to do so. Therefore, public
authorities should step up their efforts to prevent money laundering in
the FinTech sector in Lithuania
Implicit Offensive Language Taxonomy and Its Application for Automatic Extraction and Ontology
Get PDFPurpose: In this current study, we intend to explore varying forms of implicit (mostly figurative) offensiveness (e.g., irony, metaphor, hyperbole, etc.) in order to
propose a linguistic taxonomy of implicit offensiveness (and how it permeates explicit
forms), and an ontology of offensive terms readily applicable to fine-tuned, pre-trained
language models (word and phrase embedding). Offensive language has recently attracted great attention from computational scientists (e.g., Zampieri et al., 2019) and
linguists alike (e.g., Haugh & Sinkeviciute, 2019). While in NLP scholars focus on ways
of automatic extraction of what is generally and most often referred to as toxic language,
in linguistics the concept of hate speech is frequently explored. Implicit offensive language, however, as opposed to explicit offence, has received little scholarly attention
which so far has focused solely on single and unrelated concepts/terms. This paper aims
at proposing an overarching model where varying subtypes of implicitness used in the
context of offensive language are conceptually linked (Bączkowska et al., 2022)
The Coordination of Main and Secondary Insolvency Proceedings in European Union Insolvency Law
Get PDFCC BY 4.0This article focuses on the coordination of main and secondary insolvency proceedings in cross-border insolvency cases. The
authors analyse how main and secondary insolvency proceedings should be coordinated in different aspects of these proceedings, namely:
the opening of insolvency proceedings, the exercise of creditors’ rights, and the treatment of the debtor’s assets. The procedural peculiarities
of the opening of secondary insolvency proceedings are also discussed. The article also examines how insolvency practitioners and courts
in parallel cross-border insolvency proceedings should coordinate their actions to ensure proper response to the debtor’s insolvency
problems. Moreover, the authors assess the relevant case law of the Court of Justice of the European Union and whether is compatible with
the goal of effective cross-border insolvency proceedings