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Professor Mariusz Kulicki – the Founder and the Chair of Criminalistics Department at the Law and Administration Faculty of the Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń Died on December 27th, 2021 at the Age of 90
Get PDFProfessor Mariusz Kulicki was born on March 3rd,
1931 in Warsaw. His efforts to establish the Department, and
later the Chair of Criminalistics started in 1969. He was the
head of the Chair untill the end of September 2001, when he
retired. Professor was a member of the Scientific Society in
Toruń, Association de Droit Pénal, Gesellschaft für Forensische Schriftuntersuchung. In the Polish Association of Criminalists acted not only as an ordinary member but also as a
member of its Scientific Council and the Board – since 1989
as the President, and later as an Honorary President. Professor received also an honorary membership of the Lithuanian
Association of Criminalists
The Opportunities to Develop Communication and Cooperation Skills at Children's Community Care Homes
Get PDFCC BY 4.0The purpose of the article is to reveal the opportunities to develop communication and
cooperation skills in children living at children’s community care homes (further on CCCHs)
based on the experience of social workers working at CCCHs. Problematic question: What are
real opportunities for children to develop communication and cooperation skills while living at
CCCHs? Nine social workers, who work at CCCHs in seven different locations in Lithuania,
participated in the research. The study revealed that, while living at CCCHS, the opportunities
to develop communication and cooperation skills change in the positive direction. At CCCHs,
a positive family environment, in which closer and warmer relationships form, is created, more
time is devoted to mutual communication. Children develop communication and cooperation
skills while creating home rules, negotiating and obliging themselves to stick to the set order,
learning to create and maintain harmonious mutual realtionships, empasising attentiveness,
politeness, empathy, as well as learning to resolve problems and conflicts in a constructive
manner, conculting and agreeing regarding the ways to spend their leisure time. In addition,
children, while expanding their social ties in their community, learn to coexist with others, as
well as to develop social resilience while learning to resist the pressure of others, not to give
in to bad influences, to trust their own strength and to take decisions independently
Vasiliauskas, Drėlingas and beyond – an insider’s view
Get PDFThe judgment of the European Court of Human Rights Chamber in Drėlingas v.
Lithuania (2019) is usually seen as the antithesis of Vasiliauskas v. Lithuania (2015). In
Vasiliauskas, which involved an applicant convicted for the (Soviet) genocide of Lithuanian
partisans in the post-war years, the Court found a violation of Article 7 of the
Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, whereas
in the very similar Drėlingas case such a violation was not established. This article, authored
by a judge of the Court who sat in both of these cases, deals with a peculiar set of
circumstances pertaining to the procedure of the examination of Drėlingas. Not yet paid
heed by any commentator (and hardly noticeable to an outsider), these circumstances,
and especially their sequence, allow hypothetical questions to be raised as to what the
outcome of Drėlingas could have been if the sequence of events dealt with had been
different, let alone if some of the events had not taken place
Ekspertinė nusikaltimo požymių samprata, pasirinktų nusikaltimo aprašymų pavyzdžiu Lenkijos baudžiamajame kodekse
Get PDFThe study will concern the issue of a criminological (or strictly criminal)
interpretation in the Polish Penal Code of those selected elements of offences,
usually concerning the object, which use terms such as: a firearm, a knife or
another similarly dangerous tool, i.e. Article 223 of the Penal Code. – active
assault on a public official, Article 280 § 2 of the Penal Code – qualified robbery.
The issues under scrutiny are:
• first to establish: „In view of the postulate of definiteness of the crime, in
those cases where there is a statutory definition in the system of law (e.g.
firearms), are the elements to be understood strictly in accordance with this
definition or can definitions developed by forensic science, as a rule broader
than the statutory definition, be considered to be accepted?”
• secondly, „What is to be followed when assessing the elements not defined
in the Act, is it more the judicial case law related to a specific provision or
rather a forensic assessment?”
• third: „What are the main determinants of the term „similarly dangerous instrument”
– do they derive primarily (exclusively?) from forensic analysis?”
Finally, how to evaluate the second and third questions in the light of the
postulate of definiteness of the crime. Whether a more precise definition of
these elements should be postulated or whether this is not possible
Problems of the investigation of the search for missing persons
No full textThe purpose of this article is to draw the attention of
researchers and heads of law enforcement agencies and
working officials to certain problematic issues related to the
investigation of missing persons. After the analysis of the
scientific literature, it is concluded that this phenomenon is
little studied by scientists in Lithuania, empirical research
(questionnaires of police officers and interviews of police
officers working in different departments) reveals that some
search methods and the actions taken in the ongoing pre-trial
investigation are assessed negatively. Police officers are negative about the fact that pre-trial investigations into missing
persons are carried out by territorial police commissariats
and not by specialized units. He considers the procedural
actions carried out by the territorial police commissariats,
especially the site inspection, to be incomplete, notes the
need for training courses, greater, closer cooperation between
police units, and not all the necessary actions are taken. Notes that the IAR needs to be expanded in order to find a person
more quickly, to create a questionnaire that can be used by the
researcher to ask questions. The aim of the master’s thesis was
to analyze the phenomenon of missing persons, to evaluate
the effectiveness of the search for such persons and to suggest
ways to improve this activity. The aim of the work will be realized through the analysis of national and international legal
acts, the evaluation of the actions of law enforcement institutions in searching for the missing person and the prism of the
effectiveness of cooperation between various institutions and
organizations. Some of the problematic issues of the master’s
thesis are presented in this publication in accordance with the
requirements for scientific articles
The Sharing Economy in Europe: From Idea to Reality
Get PDFCC BY 4.0This chapter explains the rationale behind the book. It provides basic definitions of the concept of the sharing economy as well as the primary meanings related to the subject of the analysis undertaken in the subsequent chapters. This Introduction also includes a description of the main benefits of the analysis of the sharing economy from a European perspective. It highlights that the idea of the book emerged from the collaboration of most co-authors in the COST Action CA16121 ‘From Sharing to Caring: Examining Socio-Technical Aspects of the Collaborative Economy.’ Finally, the outline of the book is presented, providing a description of the content of each chapter within this academic collection
Animal confiscation due to cruelty
No full textThe article analyzes the legislation of animal confiscation and its implementation issues. Official
statistics of criminal and administrative cases and facts of cruelty to animals published by the media
and animal welfare organizations shows that cruelty to animals and their confiscation is a relevant issue
in Lithuania.
The article also presents the analysis of the situations in which the confiscation of an animal is
applied and the existing legal regulation of animal confiscation. Furthermore, by analyzing the judicial
practice, opinions of animal welfare organizations and other institutions’ representatives and prominent
events that received a lot of media attention, the problems that are encountered in animal confiscation
practice are explored.
As a sanction, the confiscation of animals can be used in both administrative and criminal cases.
The grounds on which the confiscation of an animal may be applied are the legal ones provided for in
the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Republic of Lithuania and the Criminal Code of the Republic
of Lithuania. According to the provisions of the Code of Administrative Offenses, the confiscation of an
animal must be mandatory in some cases and optional in other cases. The reason for the mandatory
confiscation of the animal, in particular the cruel treatment or torture of the animal, as well as the
illegal import, breeding, use, trade or other transfer of fighting dogs, crossbreeds, dangerous
crossbreeds to the Republic of Lithuania. If an offense provided for in Article 310 of the Criminal Code
of the Republic of Lithuania is committed, the court may order the confiscation of property and, in this
case, the confiscation of the animal
Links among bullying, psychological resilience, and the work engagement of employees: can psychological resilience as a mediator reduce the negative effect of bullying on work engagement?
Get PDFCC BY-NC-ND 4.0Although the prevalence of bullying at work varies from country to country, organizations
of all types, natures, and sizes face this problem. The phenomenon of bullying at work is identified
as a critical stressor, with serious consequences at both the individual and organizational levels.
The aim of this research is to determine the links among bullying, psychological resilience, and
the work engagement of employees. It is hypothesized that: a) more frequent bullying in the work
environment will be negatively related to employees’ psychological resilience and work engagement;
b) psychological resilience will be positively related to employee work engagement; and c) the
psychological resilience of employees acts as a mediator between the bullying they experience in the
workplace and their work engagement. This research involved 187 participants from Lithuanian
organizations of various types and sizes. Three measures were used for the research: the Negative
Acts Questionnaire – Revised (NAQ-R); the Resilience Scale (RS-14); and the Utrecht Work
Engagement Scale (UWES-9). In addition, sociodemographic questions were included in the
research questionnaire. The main results of the research revealed that bullying in the workplace is
significantly negatively related to the psychological resilience and work engagement of employees. The correlation analysis indicated that the psychological resilience of employees had significantly
positive correlations with the work engagement of employees. The mediation analysis demonstrated
that psychological resilience mediates the relationship between the bullying of employees at work and
their work engagement. It was found that the inclusion of a mediator reduced the magnitude of the
effect, i.e., psychological resilience slightly reduced the negative effect of bullying in the workplace on
the work engagement of employees
Kriminalistika ir teismo ekspertizė Ukrainoje: istorija ir šiuolaikinės tendencijos
Get PDFThe article is dedicated to the problems of formation and the present state of
criminalistics, forensics and forensic sciences in Ukraine. The historical antecedents
and peculiarities of scientific (special) knowledge application in crime
prevention, formation of different forensic sciences (forensic medicine, forensic
psychiatry, forensic psychology, forensic toxicology, forensic chemistry, forensic
accounting and others) are addressed. The relationship of criminalistics,
forensics and forensic sciences is analyzed, and their role in the current context
is defined.
The functional purpose of criminalistics, forensics and forensic sciences
makes it possible to determine the directions and trends of their development.
Currently, criminalistics, forensics and forensic sciences are designed to provide
the legal practice with the latest tools, techniques and technologies in various
jurisdictional processes, contribute to the optimization of pre-trial, trial
and extrajudicial proceedings, to improve the performance of employees of law
enforcement and expert services. Formation and development of criminalistics and other forensic sciences in
Ukraine reflects their integrative function. The development of criminalistics,
its trends are due to the influence of information flows, technological progress
of society. Digital criminalistics, the use of digital evidence, protection of information
sources and the problem of information security should become an
important direction.
The article considers the role of national and European non-governmental
organizations in the development of criminalistics, forensics and forensic sciences in approximation to the common European space