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Tarptautinės teisės ir Europos Sąjungos teisės įtaka Lietuvos Respublikos Konstitucinio Teismo oficialiajai konstitucinei doktrinai
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Problematic Aspects in the Implementation of Administrative Legal Measures Taken by the State Ensuring Coverage with Compulsory Insurance against Civil Liability in Respect of the Use of Motor Vehicles
No full textMotor vehicles, which are considered to be a source of increased
risk, require their owners to exercise due diligence. One such requirement is to
take out compulsory insurance against civil liability in respect of the use of
motor vehicles.
Since 1972, European Union directives have stipulated that each Member
State shall take all necessary measures to ensure that civil liability in respect of
the use of motor vehicles that are normally based in its territory is covered by
insurance. It is recognised that driving without insurance and operating a vehicle
without compulsory motor civil liability insurance is a growing problem.
This study found that the development of compulsory motor civil liability
insurance was driven by ongoing social change and the need to protect the
interests of victims as much as possible, while ensuring the free movement of
persons. This is best reflected in the consistent development of EU legislation
between 1972 and 2021: from the introduction of compulsory insurance, the
safeguarding of free movement through the payment of a single insurance premium,
the provision of protection against uninsured vehicles, and the introduction
of minimum insurance amounts and victims’ compensation mechanisms,
to changing the concept of a vehicle and introducing the concept of vehicle use.
The current legal framework in Lithuania, which obliges Member States to
take all appropriate measures to insure against civil liability in respect of the
use of motor vehicles normally based in their territory, and its implementation,
should be considered as flawed. Despite the fact that the Lithuanian legislation contains a wide range of positive and negative measures that would encourage
vehicle owners to take out compulsory insurance, the number of uninsured
vehicles suggests that not all measures are sufficiently effective.
Effective regulation and enforcement through the efficient and expeditious
identification of the owner of a vehicle responsible for compulsory civil liability
in respect of the use of motor vehicles should help to address the existing
problems with the large number of uninsured vehicles and contribute to the
smoother implementation of Directive (EU) 2021/2118
Peculiarities and Challenges of Media and Police Cooperation
Get PDFThe cooperation between media and police leads the public to receive the information about criminal
events in the country, learns about police reforms and other important events related to police work. The
relationship between the media and the police in today's Lithuania is very little examined and analyzed. Taking
all of that into account, it was decided to examine the statements of police representatives to the media and
journalists to discuss, from personal experience, the cooperation between the two institutions represented by the
subjects.
Therefore the object of article is the relationship of media and police cooperation. The purpose of the
article is to analyze the aspects of media and police cooperation. Objectives of the research are: to reveal the
basic information publishing principles of the media; to discuss the main legal acts regulating police cooperation
with the media; assessing the attitudes of police spokespersons and journalists towards the aspects of mutual
cooperation, to reveal the peculiarities and the challenges of it.
The cooperation between the media and the police is assessed as good enough, but there is a clear mutual
criticism, which indicates that there are difficulties in their cooperation. Problems arise when police
spokespersons avoid providing information to journalists and journalists obsessively demand this information. It
is proposed to solve the problems by fostering mutual respect and goodwill, realizing each other's needs. The fact
that the information provided by police officers to journalists is distorted is not obvious, but noticeable. This
discrepancy in real information stems from gaps in police-media cooperation, with police officers refraining from
providing detailed information on a specific crime and journalists lacking the information provided and relying
on unconfirmed data. However, according to spokespersons of the police, cooperation with the media brings more
benefits to the police than harm. According to them, the improvement of the image of the police is related to the
information published in the media, which forms a positive image of the police
Developing an Evidence-Based Educational Course for Environmental Citizenship
Get PDFCC BY 4.0The current generation of high school students is faced with a vast torrent of information
regarding current events and issues, and environmental issues tend to be among the more salient
topics. The quality and veracity of the contents of the information often times is dubious, and
this illustrates the need to establish a reliable source of factual and politically neutral information
regarding environmental issues; this can be conveniently accomplished by introducing education for
environmental citizenship into the high school curriculum in a more systemic manner
Evaluation of Adolescents’ Communication With Parents on Sexuality Topics
No full textCC BY-SA 4.0The aim of this research is to reveal adolescents’ evaluations of family communication on
sexuality issues. The objectives of the research are: 1) to determine how adolescents perceive
openness in their communication with their parents on sexuality issues; 2) to reveal how
adolescents perceive information about sexuality that is shared and discussed in conversations
with parents; 3) to describe adolescents’ perceptions of the importance of the role of parents.
The current article presents the results of the research that was conducted by distributing an
anonymous questionnaire survey to 816 adolescents on the website apklausa.lt The Family Sex
Communication Quotient (FSCQ) questionnaire was adapted to the Lithuanian context and used
for the survey of adolescents. The questionnaire, developed by C. Warren (2011), consists of 18
statements grouped into three scales: comfort, information, and value. The results of this study
have revealed evaluations of adolescents’ communication with parents on sexuality topics: older
adolescents (14–15 and 16–18 years old) feel more comfortable and are able to discuss sexuality
subjects openly with their parents on various sexuality topics than younger adolescents (11–13
years old); a moderate level of adolescents’ communication with parents has been identified,
whereas older adolescents are more likely to interact with mothers; older male adolescents
demonstrate better awareness of the importance of communication and information on sexuality
received from mothers, as well as the role of the family than females
Assessment of economic convergence among countries in the European Union
Get PDFCC BY 4.0The debate on the presence of economic benefits in the European Union (EU) is not
over. The study responds unequivocally to this question, with the intensity of economic development in the countries that joined the European Union in 2004 and beyond twice as high as that
of the countries that joined it this year, i.e. the EU’s old ones compared to the new ones; smoothness – 1.1 times and dynamics – 1.6 times. Another important trend for further development is
that, as the level of economic development increases, its smoothness is diminishing. In respect of
the context of the EP of all EU Members, it turned out that the higher intensity of enlargement
was characterised by higher economic levels, with similar homogeneity and almost identical values for the dynamic indicator. The introduction to the article presents the context of the studies,
i.e. two groups of EU Community countries are formed according to their level of economic
development and the year of their accession to the Community, as well as a survey scheme. The
literature review reveals the methods used to analyse the convergence of economic development
in these countries, as members of the Community. The research methodology introduces the
indicator of economic development of countries and provides a methodology for assessing its
dynamics. The empirical part assesses the dynamics of economic development of both groups of
countries and identifies trends in terms of convergence. The discussion section summarises the
consolidation and destabilising factors in the EU and the importance of the study carried out
in this context. The conclusions present the main results of the studies and outline their further
directions. The results of the study can be used both in the EU and for the purpose-oriented
decisions of its members on further economic development
The role of national definitions of the crime of genocide in developing a definition of the crime of genocide in international law
Get PDFThank you for the introduction and for the kind words. It is nice to be here and to
have this opportunity to speak on this occasion. The Baltic states have been struggling to
investigate and to prosecute international crimes committed during Soviet occupation,
as well as acquainting the rest of the world with the idea that such crimes were indeed
international crimes, war crimes, crimes against humanity, and even genocide. It has
been a bumpy road, as can also be witnessed by Lithuanian cases such as Vasiliauskas
and Drėlingas. In my very short intervention, allow me to comment on the definition
of the crime of genocide from that perspective. As generally known, the universally
recognised definition embraces four protected groups: ethnic, national, religious, and
racial groups. Any other common denominators of persons have consciously, or I would
even say maliciously, been exempted from the circle of protected groups
Antrinė seksualinių nusikaltimų aukų viktimizacija, kaip nepageidaujamas atsakymas į nusikaltimą
No full textPresented article is a short summary of a phenomena,
which is a secondary victimization of sexual offence in extensive
terms. The phenomena is known in criminology, but is
not very popular in public discussion. The social response to
sexual crimes is rather stigmatizing, and harmful for victims.
There is also a very disturbing consequence, of blaming and
stigmatizing sexual offence crimes victims, which applies to
sense of impunity of perpetrator, and social acceptance as an inadequate social response to crime. In the subject, also
take place stereotypes, and social acceptance for misogyny,
because most of the victims of sexual assaults are women. The
author is also referring to Polish penal law, and possibilities
for legal reaction for it
The place of criminalistic characteristics of criminal acts and criminalistic prevention in the modern criminalistic concept
Get PDFA person has a natural need for security, and as a member of a community,
he expects the responsible institutions to take care of him. Only when the need
for security is met, we can talk about the prosperity of the community. Criminal
acts are one of the most important factors of population insecurity, which
can cause direct damage to their lives, health and property. Therefore, in order
to cope with the ever-increasing challenges in the field of public security, law
enforcement institutions optimize their internal structures, use the synergy of
various sciences and eliminate potential threats in order to reduce crime in the
country. Public safety is increased not only by the number of solved crimes but also
by consistently implemented crime prevention. Crime is a social phenomenon
and, according to the United Nations, prevention contributes to the sustainable
development of the country, but it lacks the attention of all spheres of
society. Adequate crime prevention, quick response to reports of events and investigation and execution of criminal acts increase public trust in the state
and its institutions. Therefore, every legal science tries to contribute to the reduction
of crime as a socio-legal phenomenon
Threats to the resilience of organizations and measures to overcome them - the case of Lithuanian regions
Get PDFCC BY-NC 4.0The notice defines the threats and difficulties faced by organizations operating in the
regions of Lithuania during emergencies. Measures that help organizations overcome
difficulties are revealed. The study is conducted in social service organizations, as these
organizations work with one of the most vulnerable customer groups.
Purpose – identify measures to overcome difficulties and ensure the resilience of
organizations