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An Estimation of Consumer Spending on Sport in Lithuania, Its Division between Active and Passive Participation and the Effects of COVID-19
Full text linkCC BY 4.0The economic importance of sport has been developing from several methodological origins.
Most economic research into the sport economies develops indicators for gross value added (GVA),
employment and consumer spending. A further elucidation of the benefits of the sport economy
relates to well-being outcomes, either from sport participation or from sport spectating. The added
value of this research is that it estimates sport consumer spending in Lithuania into two distinctive
strands: active participation (e.g., participating in sport or fitness) and passive participation (e.g.,
attending sport events). The aim of this research is to link the consumer spending results to the GVA
and employment results of the Sport Satellite Account and elucidate the main characteristics of the
sport economy and how these are affected by the COVID-19 epidemic. Analysis of the scientific
literature, a survey sample in Lithuania consisting of 3506 respondents who spent part of their
household budget on sports activities (active or passive), and a specific method of analysis were
developed and applied in this research. The research results show that consumer expenditure in sport
is divided into passive and active with percentage shares of 17% and 83%, correspondingly. Sport
consumption overall accounts for 2.2% of total consumption in Lithuania. Most elements of consumer
spending in the passive and active categories are associated with welfare effects. The importance
of the analytical framework is that we can explicitly differentiate among categories such as tourism
for participation and tourism for spectating, which are associated with different well-being effects.
The pandemic affected 53.7% of active sport consumption, a smaller percentage than in the case of
passive participation (67.4%)
Įvykio vietos apžiūros reikšmė ir apžiūros principai
No full textIn the presented study, the authors try to analyze some of
the basic attributes that influenced the current state of work
at the crime scene. They present for discussion some contexts
of the state and development of methods of criminalistics
science, especially criminalistics scene inspection as one of
the methods and it seems gradually one of the criminalistics
branches. They indicate the usability of the knowledge of
criminalistics theory, but also the basic concepts, purpose
and content of criminalistics scene investigation. Today, the
concept and content of criminalistics inspection as a method
of research and its scope is often presented much broader than in the past, especially due to acceptance in forensic
cognition. Widely accepted inspection content, interchanged
with other methods, in particular documentary value, and se-
curing traces in general. For this reason, it is necessary in the
future to distinguish between the documentary and scientific
nature of criminalistics and forensic inspection. This study is
based on the long-term research task “9/2008 - Methods and
procedures of work at the crime scene”
Vykdymo procesas: asmenų teisių ir pareigų balansas
Full text linkThis book is dedicated to enforcement proceedings which are the
fundamental part of legal defence. It is also an integral part of the right
to a fair trial. Without effective enforcement mechanisms the modern
legal system would be illusionary and the rule of law would not be ensured. Since the self-defence of civil rights is strictly limited in the modern
society, the state has the duty to establish mechanisms of enforcement
which provide effective legal remedies and a fair balance of interests of
the participants in these proceedings. The analysis of enforcement proceedings in this book begins with
the assessment of the role of enforcement proceedings in the legal system. There are a couple of theories of enforcement proceedings. One
theory says that enforcement is an independent legal system, another
claims that it is a part of civil proceedings. Also, there a third theory
which suggests that enforcement is a part of public law. Though all
theories have certain arguments, the authors of this book argue that
enforcement in Lithuania is a part of civil proceedings and could be
reasonably regarded as “the last stage of civil proceedings”. The also
authors focus on the analysis of sources of enforcement proceedings
Same-Sex Relationships – the Absence of Legislative Framework in the Republic of Kosovo
Full text linkCC BY 4.0According to the Constitution of the Republic of Kosovo, all persons are equal before the law and no one shall be discriminated
against on the grounds of sexual orientation, or any other personal status. Furthermore, the Kosovo Constitution leaves open the possibility
that members of the LGBT+ community can even use their right to marry, as it provides that everyone has the right to marry and create a
family. However, this provision refers to Family Law in all matters relating to marriage and divorce. On the other hand, the Family Law
of the Republic of Kosovo recognizes only the marriage of two persons of different sexes. Related to this, the law provides that marriage
is a legally registered community of two persons of different sexes. Moreover, the Family Law does not recognize civil unions or domestic
partnerships, and these are not regulated by any special law here. In contrast to Family Law, the Criminal Law of Kosovo includes articles
that protect persons of the LGBT+ community. This paper will also consider a comparative approach towards the legislative framework of
other former Yugoslav States regarding same-sex relationships
Mokytojų motyvaciją didinantys veiksniai: Vilniaus miesto savivaldybės atvejis
No full textCC BY 4.0The article presents the results of a quantitative study. The aim of the article is to
identify the factors motivating teachers of the Vilnius City Municipality to work. The questionnaire
survey of Vilnius city teachers was conducted in April-May, 2020, using the electronic survey tool
Qualtrics. Employees of the Vilnius City Municipality Administration distributed the link to the
questionnaire to all teachers of the Vilnius city schools by e-mail. 1660 respondents started the
questionnaire on this electronic platform, but after eliminating the incomplete questionnaires, a
database of 873 respondents who answered all the questions of the questionnaire was created. The
survey of teachers of Vilnius city educational institutions has shown that teachers are most motivated
by the improvement of teachers' working conditions at school and the reduction of direct control as
well as by personal recognition and ensuring favourable opportunities for professional development
Drivers and Challenges of Customer Satisfaction Assessment in Modern "Business to Business" Models
Full text linkCC BYPurpose – Basing on theoretical analysis, the paper aims to reveal the challenges of customer satisfaction
evaluation in the context of business-to-business model. The authors analyze academic insights on business-to-
business (B2B) and business-to-customer (B2C) models, their interpretation and reveal the reasons for uniform
model of customer satisfaction assessment lacking and offer solutions to find solutions to these challenges.
Design/methodology/approach – The research paper stands for a qualitative research approach, which
compounds qualitative content analysis and synthesis of scientific literature and conceptual modeling. The
conceptual modeling part follows a simplified Robinson (2008a, 2008b, 2015) conceptual modeling framework
and logic of Logical data flow diagrams (DFDs).
Findings – The article showed that traditional service quality evaluation models have considerable content
differences between criteria proposed in those models and cover only high-level needs and limited evaluation
perspectives to compare to the existing modern business environment and practical needs in service quality
assessment and management. Also, notable differences of focus area (organization, product/service or customer)
between traditional and other service quality evaluation models impose uncertainty for businesses in practice,
making it hard to assess what criteria to follow when aiming to improve customer satisfaction.
Research limitations/implications – The research paper has both methodological and theoretical
limitations, which should be considered as future research directions and improvements. Methodologically, the
paper is missing a more comprehensive literature review of the theoretical background and relationships between
B2B and service quality models as well as a bibliometric analysis of these research domains' outcomes and
dynamics. From a theoretical content perspective, continuous semantical analysis is required by performing a
comparative type of analysis of the existing legal base and legal interpretations of key terms in B2B, service
quality, and customer satisfaction research domains as well as research subject analysis from customer’s
perspective.
Practical implications – The conducted analysis resulted in critical theoretical findings and conceptual
models towards management and measurement of modern customer satisfaction, loyalty, and service quality
within B2B operational models. These findings can be implied as a standpoint both for future scientific research
and practical discussion within quality assurance managers and specialists.
Originality/Value – Customer satisfaction assessment guidelines are sparse in academic literature since
there are lots of ambiguities when discussing customer position and needs in accordance with business
relationship models (e. g. B2B, B2C). This paper essentially seeks to find answers to such issues as how a uniform
B2B customer satisfaction assessment model may be built which would respond to the customer's needs and
would also allow the organization to respond to changing market by meeting organization-centered service quality
criteria