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Annotating and Classifying Direct Speech in Historical Danish and Norwegian Literary Texts
Get PDFAnalyzing direct speech in historical literary texts provides insights into character dynamics, narrative style, and discourse patterns. In late 19th century Danish and Norwegian fiction direct speech reflects characters' social and geographical backgrounds. However, inconsistent typographic conventions in Scandinavian literature complicate computational methods for distinguishing direct speech from other narrative elements. To address this, we introduce an annotated dataset from the MeMo corpus, capturing speech markers and tags in Danish and Norwegian novels. We evaluate pre-trained language models for classifying direct speech, with results showing that a Danish Foundation Model (DFM), trained on extensive Danish data, has the highest performance. Finally, we conduct a classifier-assisted quantitative corpus analysis and find a downward trend in the prevalence of speech over time
Keelelised hoiakud mari keelt kõnelevates peredes Eestis
No full texthttps://www.ester.ee/record=b5736064*es
Peamised motivatsiooni tekitajad erinevates karjäärietappides: tõendid Ukraina kiirelt liikuvatest tarbekaupade ettevõtetelt
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Exploring peace perspectives in post-war Azerbaijan: a comparative analysis of governmental and civil society views on conflict resolution
Get PDFThis thesis investigates how the concept of “peace” is discursively constructed in post-war Azerbaijan following the 2020 Second Karabakh War and the 2023 military operation that solidified Azerbaijan’s control over Nagorno-Karabakh. It compares and contrasts the peace narratives advanced by the Azerbaijani government and civil society actors. While the government promotes a securitized and state-centric vision of peace, often referred to as “Winner’s Peace”, that emphasizes territorial integrity, military victory, and regime stability, civil society actors advocate for a more inclusive, justice-oriented, and transformative approach rooted in liberal peacebuilding principles.
Through qualitative discourse analysis of political speeches, media statements, civil society publications, and interviews with peace activists, the research identifies key divergences and occasional overlaps between these two narratives. The study finds that the government’s discourse aligns with the framework of illiberal peace, marginalizing dissenting voices and excluding reconciliation-based approaches. In contrast, civil society actors, though politically constrained, promote people-to-people dialogue, transitional justice, and historical recognition. The thesis concludes that peace in Azerbaijan remains a contested and politically charged concept, shaped by asymmetrical power relations that limit pluralistic discourse and constrain prospects for sustainable conflict transformation.https://www.ester.ee/record=b5755642*es
Estonian guideline for health technology assessment
Get PDFThis guideline outlines the HTA methodology and key principles for reimbursement decision-making based on the discussion of the working group responsible for its preparation. The guideline describes the steps of the HTA process, the principles for involving stakeholders, and the assessment methodology (e.g., how to assess the clinical evidence and evaluate cost-effectiveness), thereby enabling the harmonisation of HTA in Estonia
Kollokatsioonitüüpi meetodid murruliste tuletistega diferentsiaalvõrrandite ligikaudseks lahendamiseks
Get PDFKui me räägime funktsiooni y=f(t) tuletisest, siis peame tavaliselt silmas selle funktsiooni täisarvulist järku tuletist: y’, y’’, y’’’... . Tekib loomulik küsimus, kas tuletise määratlust on võimalik laiendada nii, et tuletise järk võiks olla reaalarv või isegi kompleksarv. Osutub, et see on võimalik ning tuletisi, mille järk ei ole täisarv, on hakatud nimetama murrulist järku tuletisteks või ka lihtsalt murrulisteks tuletisteks.
Murrulist järku tuletisi sisaldavad diferentsiaalvõrrandid on osutunud väga tõhusaks vahendiks selliste materjalide ja nähtuste kirjeldamisel, mille käitumine sõltub nende varasemast olekust. Näiteks on murrulised tuletised ja neid sisaldavad diferentsiaalvõrrandid leidnud rakendust majanduses, meditsiinis, mehaanikas ja kaootiliste süsteemide uurimisel. Murrulisi tuletisi sisaldavate diferentsiaalvõrrandite täpse lahendi leidmine ei ole reeglina võimalik ning seetõttu on nende ligikaudne lahendamine väga aktuaalne uurimissuund.
Käesolevas väitekirjas uuritakse erinevat tüüpi murrulisi tuletisi sisaldavate diferentsiaalvõrrandite lahendite olemasolu, ühesust ja siledust ning konstrueeritakse kõrget järku täpsusega ligikaudsed meetodid, mis arvestavad lahendi võimalikku singulaarset käitumist. Käsitletakse kolme erinevat tüüpi murruliste tuletistega diferentsiaalvõrrandeid. Saadud tulemusi illustreeritakse erinevate numbriliste näidetega.Usually, when we talk about the derivative of a function y = f(t) we usually refer to an integer-order derivative: y’, y’’, y’’’, and so on. However, the question arises - can the order of a derivative be a positive real number or even a complex number? It turns out that this is indeed possible, and such a derivative, whose order is not generally an integer, is called a fractional-order derivative.
Fractional differential equations have demonstrated strong potential in accurately modeling memory-dependent and hereditary behaviours in complex materials and dynamic systems. For example, fractional derivatives have found applications in biomedicine, economics, mechanics, and in the study of chaotic systems. Due to the complexity of finding exact solutions to equations involving fractional-order derivatives, the analysis and development of numerical methods is an important area of research.
However, solving differential equations with fractional-order derivatives presents significant analytical and computational challenges, particularly due to the potentially singular behavior of their solutions. This dissertation investigates various fractional differential and integro-differential equations and studies the existence, uniqueness, and regularity of their solutions. Obtained results are illustrated with numerical examples.https://www.ester.ee/record=b575472
Eesti tervishoiu- ja hoolekandeasutustes töötavate hooldustöötajate arusaam heaolust töökeskkonnas: kvalitatiivne uurimistöö
Get PDFTiskre soojuspuuraugu aluskorra kivimite soojusjuhtivus
Get PDFKäesolev töö uuris Tiskres asuva soojuspuuraugus aluskorra kivimite soojusjuhtivust, et mõista piirkonna geotermilist potentsiaali. Töö käigus analüüsiti proove eri sügavustelt ning eri fraktsioonidega, et leida parimat analüüsi meetodit, mis selliste laboratoorsete katsete puhul töötaks. Töös selgitatakse välja kivimite soojusjuhtivused, toetudes tugevalt poorsusele, temperatuurile ning mineraalsele koostisele.
Korrelatsioon poorsuse ja soojusjuhtivuse vahel viitab asjaolule, et poorsuse kasvuga soojusjuhtivus väheneb ning mõõtmised tehti, kasutades aeg-sõltuvaid meetodeid. Proovide analüüsimiseks kasutati kahte andurit: nõelandurit ja pinna-andurit, mis kumbki töötavad impulsside baasil. Nõelanduri puhul toodeti stabiilsemad ja usaldusväärsemad tulemused