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A philosophical approach to CETI: developing a conceptual framework based on Umwelt theory
Full text linkThis thesis critiques the assumptions underlying the argument of Communication with Extraterrestrial Intelligence (CETI) research, which presumes that extraterrestrial intelligence (ETI) would possess human-like features and technologies, and that communication with ETI would rely on the information-transmission model. These premises are refuted by exposing their reliance on anthropocentric and vague definitions of "intelligence" and "communication." Afterward, a conceptual framework based on Umwelt theory is proposed to address these issues, emphasizing the diversity of subjective worlds (Umwelten) of organisms, the concept of "commonage" as shared aspects of these subjective worlds, and communication as the exchange of signs based on the commonage among organisms. Lastly, intelligence is redefined as a relational feature of shared Umwelten emerging from communication. The thesis argues for dividing CETI into two distinct research areas with a more explicit scope for each: the search for extraterrestrial organisms (SEO) and the discovery of terrestrial types of intelligence (DTI). Broader implications within philosophy, semiotics, and interdisciplinary research are also explored, emphasizing the necessity of avoiding the widespread anthropocentric approach in studying intelligence and communication.https://ester.ester.ee/record=b573514
Quantification of Biodiversity from Historical Survey Text with LLM-based Best-Worst-Scaling
Full text linkIn this paper, we evaluate methods to determine biodiversity via quantity estimation from historical survey text. To that end, we formulate classification tasks and finally show that this problem can be successfully framed as regression based on best-worst-scaling with LLMs. We find that this approach is more cost effective and similarly robust to a fine-grained multi-class approach, allowing automated quantity estimation across species
Associations between depression and anxiety symptoms and physical activity among 11-19 year-old Estonian children
No full textKäesoleva uurimistöö eesmärk oli välja selgitada seosed vaimse tervise ja kehalise aktiivsuse vahel Eesti laste seas. Uuringus osalesid 499 õpilast vanuses 11-19, kes täitsid küsimustiku, milles hinnati nende kehalist aktiivsust ning depressiooni ja ärevuse sümptomaatikat RCADS-25 skaalal. Lisaks hindasid 322 lapsevanemat oma lapse kehalist aktiivsust. Selgus, et nii lapse kui vanema hinnatud kehalise aktiivsuse kõrgem tase oli seotud madalama ärevuse ja depressiooni sümptomaatikaga, kusjuures seos oli depressiooni puhul tugevam. Sugu koos lapse hinnanguga oma eelmise nädala kehalisele aktiivsusele ning pere majanduslikule seisule seletas ära 20,1% ärevushäiretele ning 23,4% depressioonile viitavate sümptomite esinemise variatiivsusest, tüdrukutel oli suurem tõenäosus neid sümptomeid kogeda. Seega võivad lapse sugu, kehaline aktiivsus ja majanduslik taust olla olulised tegurid, millele Eesti laste vaimse tervise edendamisel tähelepanu pöörata
The 9th Workshop on Constraint Grammar and Finite State NLP – Rule-based and hybrid methods and tools for user communities. Proceedings of the Workshop
Full text linkGliLem: Leveraging GliNER for Contextualized Lemmatization in Estonian
No full textWe present GliLem—a novel hybrid lemmatization system for Estonian that enhances the highly accurate rule-based morphological analyzer Vabamorf with an external disambiguation module based on GliNER—an open vocabulary NER model that is able to match text spans with text labels in natural language. We leverage the flexibility of a pre-trained GliNER model to improve the lemmatization accuracy of Vabamorf by 10% compared to its original disambiguation module and achieve an improvement over the token classification-based baseline. To measure the impact of improvements in lemmatization accuracy on the information retrieval downstream task, we first created an information retrieval dataset for Estonian by automatically translating the DBpedia-Entity dataset from English. We benchmark several token normalization approaches, including lemmatization, on the created dataset using the BM25 algorithm. We observe a substantial improvement in IR metrics when using lemmatization over simplistic stemming. The benefits of improving lemma disambiguation accuracy manifest in small but consistent improvement in the IR recall measure, especially in the setting of high k
Tähenduskihistuste mõju muuseumitõlkele: tõlkesemiootiline vaatenurk
No full textVäitekirja elektrooniline versioon ei sisalda publikatsiooneDoktoritöö on kaitstud KU Leuveni ülikoolis BelgiasDoktoritöö eesmärk on rajada tõlkesemiootiline lähenemine muuseumitõlkele. Väitekirjas mõtestatakse muuseumitõlget multidistsiplinaarse nähtusena, millel on nii teoreetilised järelmid kui ka praktilised väljundid. Selleks et mõista, kuidas muuseumi eri tähenduskihte mõtestatakse ja tõlgitakse avaramas kui pelgalt keelelise tõlke raamistikus, ühendatakse uurimistöös tõlketeaduse ja semiootika lähenemisviisid.
Töö aluseks on kaks uurimisküsimust: esiteks, „Kuidas kirjeldada, mõtestada ja piiritleda muuseumitõlget tõlketeaduse, semiootika ning teiste valdkondade, näiteks museoloogia vaatepunktist?“ ja teiseks, „Millised on muuseumitõlke avarama kontseptsiooni praktilised rakendusvõimalused?“.
Esimene küsimus on aluseks teema teoreetilisele käsitlusele ning sellele on pühendatud väitekirja kaks esimest artiklit. Esimene artikkel, „Museum Translation: A Combined Translation Studies and Semiotics Perspective“, käsitleb tõlketeaduse ja semiootika vaatenurki muuseumile ning toob esiplaanile tõlkimise kui semiotiseerimise ja uute tähenduste loomise muuseumi kontekstis. Teine artikkel, „Conceptualizing Museum Translation: Cultural Translation, Interlingual Processes, and Other Perspectives“, laiendab teemat, käsitledes muuseumit kui kultuurilise tõlke ja ülekande ruumi.
Teine uurimisküsimus keskendub muuseumitõlke praktilistele rakendusvõimalustele. Väitekirja kolmas artikkel, „Translation as Metonymic Cultural Transmission: The Case of the Istanbul Archaeology Museums“, uurib, kuidas ilmnevad muuseumi väljapanekus kultuurilised ja poliitilised muutused nende metonüümiliste representatsioonide kaudu. Neljas artikkel võtab fookusse transmeedialisuse, intersemiootilise tõlke ja transkreatsiooni mõisted ning näitab, kuidas vastavad praktikad loovad uusi tähendusi ja kujundavad muuseumireaalsust.This dissertation aims to develop a semiotic and translation studies perspective on museum translation, viewing museum translation as a multidisciplinary phenomenon that is both theoretically and practically applicable. The research combines Translation Studies and Semiotics to understand how layers of meaning in museums can be translated and interpreted, expanding the concept of translation beyond conventional linguistic boundaries. The research questions are: “How can the boundaries of museum translation be described, theorized, and defined through Translation Studies, Semiotics, and related disciplines such as Museology?” and “What are some practical applications of a broader concept of museum translation from a holistic perspective?”
The first question is explored theoretically in the first two articles. The first article, “Museum Translation: A Combined Translation Studies and Semiotics Perspective,” examines how translation in museums leads to semiosis and the creation of new meanings, highlighting the role of Semiotics in this process. The second article, “Conceptualizing Museum Translation: Cultural Translation, Interlingual Processes, and Other Perspectives,” investigates museums as spaces for cultural translation and transfer, expanding the concept of translation beyond traditional linguistic boundaries.
The second question focuses on the practical application of museum translation. The third article, “Translation as Metonymic Cultural Transmission: The Case of the Istanbul Archaeology Museums,” explores how cultural and political changes in museum exhibitions are represented through metonymic representations. The fourth article, “‘Poetically Well-Built Museums’: Transmedial Storytelling and World-Building in The Museum of Innocence,” applies transmediation, intersemiotic translation, and transcreation to a specific museum, demonstrating how these practices can create new meanings and shape the reality of a museum.https://www.ester.ee/record=b571431
NorEventGen: generative event extraction from Norwegian news
Full text linkIn this work, we approach event extraction from Norwegian news text using a generation-based approach which formulates the task as text-to-structure generation. We present experiments assessing the effect of different modeling configurations and provide an analysis of the model predictions and typical system errors. Finally, we apply our system to a large corpus of raw news texts and analyze the resulting distribution of event structures in a fairly representative snap-shot of the Norwegian news landscape
Streigiõigus: ILO ja Euroopa Nõukogu sotsiaalharta
No full texthttps://www.ester.ee/record=b5754363*es
