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Exploring the Relationships Among Corporate Social Responsibility, Customer-Company Identification, and Brand Attitude.
[[abstract]]品牌是企業最有價值的無形資產之一,且現在消費者會藉由品牌的選擇來區分彼此、定義自我的價值等,同儕壓力使得彼此互相模仿學習,為了避免被群體疏離而產生「魚群效應(fishstreaming)」。而現在企業社會責任議題的重要性日漸提高,消費者會因企業所做之企業社會責任觸發對企業的認同感,並藉由對品牌的喜好選擇來產生歸屬感,意即品牌是可以代表消費者的一種生活方式。本研究以一般大眾作為研究對象,採用網路問卷調查法,探討企業社會責任、顧客公司認同及品牌態度關係間的研究,並以「O’right歐萊德」企業為例。了解顧客是否因企業有做企業社會責任,而使他們更願意購買對環境友善的品牌產品,且對企業產生更高的認同,進而產生良好的品牌態度,並建立顧客忠誠度。根據本研究結果發現:(1)企業社會責任與相依自我建構皆正向影響顧客公司認同及品牌態度。意即,隨著消費者對企業社會責任的認知日益成熟,其會考量企業是否有善盡企業社會責任,例如,環境保護,而直接提升對此公司的認同感及品牌的好感態度(2)高顧客涉入度不具正向干擾作用。意即,若消費者在進行消費行為時,若已經知覺到企業負起企業社會責任,會直接提升對此品牌的好感度,並不用耗費更多精力分析資訊內容。綜合上述,企業所做之企業社會責任若能使大眾產生更多歸屬感,便更容易使顧客認同此企業並忠於此企業。[[abstract]]Brandisoneofthemostvaluableintangibleassetsoftheenterprise.Nowadays,consumerswillchoosethebrandtodistinguisheachotheranddefineself-value.Peerpressuremakesthemimitateinordertoavoidbeingalienatedbythecommunityandbringabout"fishstreaming".Theimportanceofcorporatesocialresponsibilityissueisincreasing.Consumerswillbetriggeredasenseofcorporateidentitybythecorporatesocialresponsibilityandbythechoiceofbrandpreferencestobringaboutasenseofbelonging.Thatis,thebrandcanrepresenttheconsumer’slifestyle.Thisstudytookthegeneralpublicastheresearchobjectandadoptedwebsurveytoexploretherelationshipsamongcorporatesocialresponsibility,customer-companyidentification,andbrandattitude.Wetook“O’right”enterpriseasanexample.Structuralequationmodel(SEM)wasusedfortestingthehypothesisrelations.Accordingtotheresults,thisstudyfound:(1)corporatesocialresponsibilityanddependentself-constructionwerebothpositiveimpactoncustomercompanyidentityandbrandattitude.(2)Highcustomerinvolvementdidnothaveapositivemoderatingeffect
Applying Activity Theory to the Cultural and Creative Service Design - a Case Study of Tainan Old House
[[abstract]]在當前傳統文化逐漸被現代科技取代的市場環境下,隨著一般消費者的需求增加,在文化的推廣上,儼然必須以創新的方式推陳出新,才能吸引到人們的目光。近年來,不管是政府單位亦或是由民間力量發起的各項相關活動,都顯示出其重視的程度,但活動的初衷與意念往往無法獲得真正的傳達。台南,是發展文創旅遊最積極的縣市,然而在傳統的旅遊中,導遊或領隊往往總是用千篇一律、走馬看花的講解方式帶過去,能讓人們印象深刻的地方少之又少。因此,本研究透過相關文獻的蒐集、彙整、實地考察與問卷調查等方式,針對台南市中西區之代表性老屋的文化組成元素,設計一系列的體驗活動,共計6處。藉由親自參與遊戲體驗的娛樂方式,打破傳統文創旅遊的固有框架。本研究運用Mwanza(2001)所建構之活動??分析研究,以活動主體、客體、工具、社群、?務的分工與規則等六大要素,分析老屋文創活動所產出的活動系統,找出活動參與者與老屋文化內涵兩者之間的互動關係,並且對其矛盾區域進行深入分析與探討。從研究結果中發現:(a)、以老屋飲食或相關DIY手作的體驗活動是人們最為感興趣的,步行可接受範圍為3至5公里。(b)、遊戲的設計可從群體的角度去涉入較為客觀。(c)、透過遊戲領隊引領的活動設計,會提高人們的參與興趣,而對於運用遊戲體驗文化內涵的方式,會令人更為印象深刻。(d)、思考活動客製化的可能性,未來可開發相關的互動介面,讓老屋文創活動擁有更多元且豐富的推廣機制。本研究期望運用學術理論結合時下的文化趨勢,思考如何以全然創新的文創旅遊模式,創造出更貼近使用者心理的服務設計。[[abstract]]Underthecurrentmarketcircumstancesoftraditionalculturebeinggraduallyreplacedbymoderntechnology,andtheincreasingdemandsofaverageconsumers,thepromotionofcultureshouldbeimprovedinaninnovativemannertoattracttheattentionofthepublic.Inrecentyears,therelatedactivitiesinitiatedbybothgovernmentagenciesandnon-governmentalorganizationsalldemonstratesignificance;however,theoriginalintentionsandideasofsuchactivitiescannotbeconveyedinmostcases.AlthoughTainanisaveryactivecityindevelopingculturalandcreativetravel,duringtraditionaltravel,tourguidesandleadersoftenfollowthesamepatterns,andtheirsuperficialinterpretationsrendersceniclocationslessimpressive.Therefore,thisstudydesignssixexperienceactivitiesonthebasisoftherepresentativeculturalelementsofoldhousesintheWestCentralDistrictofTainanCitybycollectingandsortingrelevantliterature,fieldworks,andaquestionnairesurvey.Withtouristsparticipatingingamestoexperienceculture,theseentertainmentsbreakthroughthefixedpatternsoftraditionalculturalandcreativetravel.TheActivityTheoryofMwanza(2001)isadoptedinthisstudytoanalyzetheactivitysystemresultedfromtheculturalandcreativeactivitiesofoldhouses,explorestheinteractionbetweenparticipantsandtheculturalconnotationsofoldhouses,andprobesintothecontradictionsaccordingtosixmajorelements,includingsubject,object,tools,community,divisionoflabor,andrules.Theresultsshowthat:a)experienceactivitiesrelatedtooldhousefoodsorDIYhandicraftsarethemostattractive,andwithanacceptablewalkingdistanceof3-5kilometers;b)gamescanbedesignedfromtheperspectiveofgroups,whichwillbemoreobjective;c)people’sparticipationinterestcanbeincreasedbydesignatingateamleaderinthegames.Moreover,theculturalconnotationsexperiencedthroughgamescanbemoreimpressive;d)giventhepossibilityofthecustomizationofactivities,interactioninterfacescanbedevelopedinthefuturetoenrichthepromotionsystemoftheculturalandcreativeactivitiesofoldhouses.Thestudyhopestoreflecthowtocreatenewpatternsforculturalandcreativetravel,andcreateinnovateservicedesignsclosertousers’psychology,byintegratingacademictheorywithcurrentculturaltrends
Exploring Middle Managers Role in Managerial Functions Model
[[abstract]]本研究透過作者自身職場所遭遇瓶頸之經驗,了解到中階管理者所肩負的角色與任務在公司營運管理中皆為重要且又特殊的身份,因此萌生出探討中階主管在公司所扮演之角色與其在公司中管理功能模式之動機。從作者經驗亦了解,在組織中,中階主管須擔任組織之中間人的角色,接受上級資訊並轉譯成讓部屬能夠理解並確實貫徹上級所交代之計畫及目標。另一方面作者也發現,不論中階主管的任命是經由組織外部的招募抑或是組織內部的升遷,都會面臨到初任中階主管時,對業務的不熟悉或是組織人際上的問題。據此,單純的管理應用往往無法適切的解決問題。此外,作者亦體會到,管理的意涵與功能不能夠一體適用,需要因地制宜。據此,企圖透過研究探討本研究問題,了解影響管理功能模式之原因為何,本研究研究目的為:a研究中階主管如何面對承上啟下的規劃問題;b.中階主管對部門資源與組織的運用;c.中階主管如何領導部屬,強化團隊認知一致之問題;以及d.研究無法掌控進度適時完成任務,中階主管如何進行管理之問題。本研究透過紮根理論開放性譯碼概念化個案訪談逐字稿,歸納出260個概念以及42個範疇。再透過主軸性譯碼將42個範疇精煉化為22個核心範疇,並繪製成脈絡圖。最後透過選擇性譯碼歸納出兩個新現象:a.中階主管之角色扮演具有順序性,從人際角色、資訊角色到決策角色不斷的循環此角色順序性;b.中階主管角色扮演所產生出之管理功能模式除了受到中階管理者之職能影響外,也會受到企業文化、產業特性、公司策略以及公司政策等外部因素所影響。研究結果發現:許多中階主管雖然處於不確定環境下,大多數中階主管對其角色的認知,仍未跳脫傳統的觀念,仍然以執行任務為其重心。中階主管在企業中主要之管理功能有三項,溝通功能、解決問題之功能以及執行之功能。中階主管在功能角色扮演上除了受到其本身職能影響外,亦會受到中階主管所任職公司之產業特性所影響。訪談個案之中階主管之策略角色大多以執行角色為主要角色之定位。因此在培養中階管理人才應積極重新培養並賦予中階主管倡議、促成、綜合之策略角色,並加以監督考核,促使中階主管發揮其功能。[[abstract]]Theauthorrealizedroleofmiddle-managersareimportantandspecialidentitiesincompanythroughtheauthor'sownexperienceinthebottleneck.Therefore,theauthorconceivedideaandmotivatoinofexploringmiddle-managerrole-playinmanagementfunctionmodle.Middlemanagersaretheinterfaceincompany,recivingtheinformationofstrategys,tasks,andhavingtointerpretandtransferinformationtoempolyees,inor-dertoimplementplans.Therefore,thereaserchquestonsasfollowingbellow:a.Howmiddlemanagersasasaconnectinglinkbetweentheprecedingandthefollowing;b.howmiddle-mangersuseofdepartmentandorgnizationrescources;c.howmiddlemanagersleademployees,strengthenteamawareness;d.howmiddlemanagersmanageissueswhenthetakswereunpunctual.Thisresearchconcetpurlizedtranscriptsto260conceptsandthencodingto42catego-riesbyopencoding.andthen,convergence42categoriesto22corecategoriesbyaxialcoding.Lastbutnotleast,thisresearchfind2newpatterns:a.themanagerrole-playhaveasequence;b.themanagementfunctionmodleofmiddle-managersinfluencedbycompanyculture,industrialcharacteristic,companypolicyandcompanystrate-gy.finnaly,thisresearchmodifyinitialresearchmoddle.Theresultsofresearchasfollowing:althoughtmiddle-managersworkinuncertaintyen-vironment,middle-managersfocusontask-orientedwhenplayroles.middle-managershavethreeimportantmanagementfunctions:communicationskill,problem-sovelingskill,andexecutionskill.Themanagementfunctionsofmiddle-managersexceptthecompe-tencythemselves,italsoisinfluencebyindustry.Inobjects,theroleofmiddle-managersinImplementingrole.Therefore,middle-managershavetodevelopChampioning,Synthe-sizing,andFacilitating,andthenenhancingsupervisionandevaluation
A Study of Dual-Wheel Vehicle Based on Inertial Measuring Unit for Balancing Control
[[abstract]]本論文之目的為研究雙輪平衡車在不同的PID控制參數下對車體有哪些影響。利用慣性感測器裝載於雙輪平衡車上,將慣性感測器輸出的加速度以及陀螺儀訊號利用PI控制器解算為四元數後再轉換成姿態角度,並利用此姿態角度以及角速度經過PID控制器修正誤差並輸出數位訊號,並透過馬達驅動器輸出PWM訊號以控制馬達轉動使車體保持平衡。[[abstract]]TheaimofthisthesisistoresearchwhatimpactwillbecausedinthedualwheelbalancingvehicleindifferentPIDcontrollerpa?rameters.Settheinertialmeasuringunitonthedualwheelbalancingvehicle,gettingtheaccelerationandgyroscopedatacalculatetoQuaternionbyusingPIcontroller,thantransfertoattitudeangle,usingthisattitudeangleandangularratewithPIDcontrollerandZ-NMethod(Ziegler-Nicholsmethod)tocorrecttheerrorofattitudeangleandoutputdigitalsignaltomotordriver,thenoutputPWMsignaltodualmotorsviamotordrivermakingthebalancingvehicleintobalancestate
Applying a Heuristic Approach to Weapon-Target Assignment
[[abstract]]武器目標指派是現今各國家戰術及戰技中一個重要的探討議題,尤其是遇到緊急狀況或需要當機立斷時,必須快速指派多種武器攻擊多個目標。因為人類的反應能力及群體合作,通常無法達到適時接戰的目的。如此,就必須要藉助電腦分析演算,使武器系統能快速指派反應接戰並減少傷亡,達到訓練目的與作戰效能。然而,這一類的問題是一種NP-完全問題(NP-completeproblem),又具有動態即時的特性,現今運用於武器目標指派的各種智慧型演算法文獻中,大多著重於全域最佳化。一般都會將可能影響的因素減到最小,目的是希望能快速的求解,忽略了區域最佳解,以及武器本身受到艦艇結構影響與艦船運動上的各種限制,如要計算這些參數,又要適應即時更新龐大的動態資料,使得計算變得相當複雜,大幅降低解算的效率,甚至做出無效的指派。有鑒於此,我們希望能夠朝這方面去改變演算方式,盡可能符合實際的現況,根據武器與目標的共同特性與關聯,運用一種啟發式的演算方法,排除發散與收斂的問題,以傳統一對多指派的計算方式為基礎,使得新產生出的解具有效的可行性,期望能解決海軍艦艇武器目標指派問題。[[abstract]]The“Weapon-TargetAssignment”isanimportanttopicformanycountrysapplyingtotacticsandcombatskills.Especiallyinanemergencyorneedtomakepromptdecisionssometimes,mustassignthemultipleweaponstoattackmultipletargetsrapidly.Becauseofthefirecontroloperatorscannotreactuponreal-timeconditionasusual,andmeanwhilemakeengagement.Therefore,itmustbecalculatedbymeansofcomputeranalysis,sothattheweaponssystemcanengageinstantlyandreducecasualties.Thiswillachievethepurposeoftrainingandtheoperationaleffectiveness.However,suchthequestionisakindofNP-completeproblem,thereisacharacteristicofdynamicandinstant.Today,mostoftheintelligentalgorithmsusedintheassignmentofweaponstargetsaremostlyfocusedonglobaloptimization.Generally,itwillminimizethepossibleimpactfactorstofindaquicksolution,butitalsowillIgnorethelocalbestsolution,thevariousrestrictionssubjecttoweaponsthemselvesandstructureeffectfromship’smovement.Whenthesystemisproceedingcalculationandreceivinglargeamountrealtimeupdatingdataatthesametime,thiswillmakeitmorecomplex,inefficientandevencreatingerrors.Asaresult,wewouldliketomodifythecalculatingmethodtocorrespondwiththeactualcircumstancesasforaspossible.Accordingtothecommoncharacteristicsoftheweaponsandtargets,usingaheuristiccalculatingmethodtoeliminatethedivergencyandconvergencyofoutput,andalsobasedonatraditionalone-to-multitargetassignment.Bymeansofthemodifiedcalculatingmethod,it’llcreateanewoutcomereliableandfeasibletoassistsolvingthetargetsassignmentofnavalshipsweaponsystems
Architecture Design of Non-Linear Multi-Band Quantization Algorithm Using Piecewise Approximation
[[abstract]]心電圖(Electrocardiography,ECG)是一種紀錄心臟收縮及擴張運動過程中的電位變化,只需透過皮膚上的感測器收集微量的電訊號,是一種非侵入式診療技術,廣泛運用於心臟疾病的臨床診斷。結合無線傳輸與生理訊號感測技術的穿戴式裝置可方便長時間的心電圖資料收集。由於無線傳輸相當耗能,其功耗率正比於資料傳輸量,減少資料量和簡化處理複雜度是延長電池壽命的唯一方法。為此我們於先前研究中,開發了一具品質保證機制的即時小波心電圖壓縮系統。此系統由三個處理單元所組成,分別是非遞迴四捨五入小波轉換、具品質保證機制之非線性量化處理、及無失真改良式階層樹集合分割編碼(SetPartitioninginHierarchicalTreeAlgorithm,SPIHT)。資料壓縮的核心部分是透過基因演算法所規畫出的最佳十一階非線性量化方案,這十一階的量化尺度可由單一參數控制,再透過一個線性預測和誤差量測模組去求得新的量化參數以實現具品質保證之目標。由於量化處理過程需要大量乘法和除法運算,不利於硬體的開發。為了克服此困難,我們提出一以線段趨近法實現非線性量化的演算法。首先透過有限位元量化因子所求得之有限位元量化因子間距表,並描繪出量化因子與量化尺度關係圖,可發現其分佈呈現一平滑曲線。再由量化誤差分析進行曲線的區段切割,每一區段皆以一線段表示之,最後將該點所對應之量化尺度及相鄰兩點斜率依序儲存下來,即可透過查表方式求得量化尺度。此演算架構亦結合誤差計算模組和量化預測模組完成品質保證機制的軟體模擬和驗證,最後再以Cell-BasedDesignFlow作為整個硬體架構的開發流程,並使用Synopsys(Verilog、Verdi、DesignCompiler、Synthesis、PrimeTime?)與CellLibrary(TSMC90nmCLN90G)做為開發工具以及實驗製程。[[abstract]](Electrogardiography,ECG)isathoraciccavityintimetorecordtheprocessofheartcontractionbycollectingdifferentsignalsonthebody﹐throughthesensortocompletethenon-invasivedetectiontechnologythatiswidelyusedinclinicaldiagnosisofheartdisease﹒Withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,theECGdevicecombineswirelesstransmissionandwearabledevicesequippedwithminiaturizationphysiologicalsignalsensingtechnologyhaveproportionincreased﹒Wirelesstransmissionconsumeslargeamountofpower,itspowerconsumptionispositivelyproportionaltotheamountofdatatransmission﹐butbothheartdiseaseexaminationsandresearchrequirelong-timerecordstosolveproblemssuchusstorageandtransmission﹔thusECGdatacompressioniscrucialabsolutely﹒Wehavedevelopedonwavelettransform-basedECGcompressionsystemwithqualityassurancemechanisminpreviousstudy﹒Thesystemconsistsofthreeprocessingunits﹐respectively:LosslessroundingofWavelettransform,Quantizationofqualityassurancemechanism,SetPartitioninginHierarchicalTrees(SPIHT)﹒ThecoreofthedatacompressionisthroughNon-linearquantizationofelevenbands﹐andcontrolledbyasingleparameter﹐andthenthroughalinearpredictionanderrorcalculationmoduletoobtainanewquantizationparameterstoimplementqualityassurancemechanism﹒Sincethequantizationprocessrequiresalotofmultiplicationanddivisionoperations﹐thisunfavorablehardwaredevelopment﹐soweproposednon-linermulti-bandquantizationalgorithmusingpiecewiseapproximation﹒TheexperimentsofthisstudyimplementthehardwarearchitectureofquantizationinECGdatacompressionsystem﹐adopttheCell-BasedDesignFlowasthedevelopmentprocessofthehardwarearchitecture﹐anduseSynopsys(Verilog,Verdi,DesignCompiler,Synthesis,PrimeTime?)andCellLibrary(TSMC90nmCLN90G)asadevelopmenttoolandexperimentalprocess
Implementation of an Automation Physical Fitness Measurement System for Elderly Adults
[[abstract]]人類老化是自然的現象,隨著年齡增長,身體之各器官組織的功能將逐漸衰弱。老化的程度則與個人的體質、生活環境、生活習慣、飲食習慣等有不同的差異。進行適當的體適能活動,可以延緩老化的速度,提升老年人的生活品質。隨著社會進步、醫藥發達,出生率及死亡率逐年降低,台灣老年人口的比例正大幅增加,高齡化社會已成為重大議題,所產生的現象與問題也逐漸浮現。隨著老年人的人口比例逐漸增加,醫療負擔也將隨之增加,讓老年人保持健康的身體將有效減少社會上的醫療負擔;一個良好的老人體適能測量系統也能有效的減低機構第一線人員的負擔。本論文實現自動化體適能量測與管理系統,並自動獲得雲端體適能健康管理資訊,可以讓老年人在居家或社區關懷機構隨時進行。本研究利用KinectV2的偵測人體骨架姿勢的功能,開發適合老年人使用的人機介面。經過調研後建立能夠操控系統的APP及個人化的檢測標準,方便老年人自身或照顧機構的人員進行體適能檢測與管理。[[abstract]]Itisacknowledgedthathumanagingisanaturalphenomenon.Ashumanbeinggrowsolder,thefunctionoftheorganinhumanbodywillgraduallybecomeweaker.Accordingtoindividual’sphysicalcondition,livingenvironment,livinghabits,eatinghabitsandotherrelatedfeatures,thedegreeofagingwillbedifferent.Ifappropriatephysicalfitnessactivitiesareconducted,thespeedofagingwillbelowereddown.Furthermore,physicalfitnessactivitiescouldimprovethequalityoflife.Becauseofthesocialprogress,advancedmedicaldevelopment,decliningbirthrateanddeathrate,theelderlypopulationinTaiwanisnowincreasingsubstantially.InTaiwan,anagedsocietybecomesamajorissuewhichbringsseveralsocialproblems.Iftheelderlypopulationincreases,themedicalcostofthesocietywillincreaseaswell.Assistingtheelderlyinstayinghealthyisthemosteffectivemethodtoreducethemedicalcost.Therefore,anappropriatephysicalfitnesssystemisneededtoreducetheburdenifthefrontlinestaff.Thisstudyaimstoimplementanautomaticmeasurementsystemofphysicalfitnessfortheelderly.Thesystemcouldhelptheelderlyexerciseathomeorincommunitycareinstitutions.ThisstudyappliesthefunctionofskeletontrackingofMicrosoftKinectVersion2,developingtheuserinterfacewhichisspecificallysuitablefortheelderly.Aftertheadjustment,thesystemhasestablishedapersonifiedassessmentstandardandanapplication.Therefore,theelderlyandthestaffofcommunitycareinstitutionscouldconductaphysicalfitnessexaminationandmanagement
Design and Implementation of Novel Interleaved High Step-up Converter for Fuel Cell Applications
[[abstract]]本論文提出使用變壓器之倍壓箝位交錯順向式高昇壓轉換電路,變壓器為順向模式,且輸出電容為串聯形式,可實現整體電路之高昇壓轉換比。利用箝位電路之倍壓技術與無損耗被動箝位功能。如此不但提升電壓增益轉換,且變壓器之漏感能量可回收至輸出端,同時可抑制開關突波電壓,使轉換電路效率提高。且功率開關為低電壓應力,元件可選用低導通內阻(Rds(ON))之MOSFET,減少導通損耗,架構之效率藉此提高。所提出新型交錯式高昇壓轉換電路做實際測試,以驗證高效率之可行性與電路特性,其規格為輸入電壓24V、輸出電壓380V與額定功率1kW。最高效率為300W之96.24%,滿載1kW效率為92.57%。[[abstract]]Thispaperpresentnovelinterleavedhighstep-upconverterwithtransformerandvoltagedoublerofclampcircuit.Transformerisaforwardrectifiedoutput,andtheoutputcapacitorisinseries,whichachievethehighboostconversionratiooftheoverallcircuit.Theconverterutilizevoltagemultipiliertechniquesofclampcircuitandthepassivelosslessclampedfunction.Notonlytoenhancethevoltagegainconversion,butalsotheleakageenergyofidealtransformertoberecycledtooutputterminal,whichalleviatesthevoltagespikeacrossswitch,Theconvertercanlifttheconversionefficiency.Thepowerswitchislowvoltagestressandcomponentsareavailablelowconductionresistance(Rds(ON))ofMOSFET.Toreducetheconductionloss,andtheefficiencyofthestructuretoimprove.Thespecificationoftheproposedconvertersforperformanceverificationandcircuitcharacteristicsareshownasbelow:Theproposedconverteristestedwithinputvoltage24V,outputvoltage380Vandmaximumpower1kW.Theproposedconverterhighestefficiencyis96.24%inthe300W,1kWfullloadefficiencyis92.57%
The effect of job splitting on flow time forecasts for parallel machine scheduling
[[abstract]]為了強化自身的製造服務來面對激烈的全球化競爭,生產製造業常使用平行機來提高產能,但追求生產線利用率最佳化常會變動排程,可能會犧牲流程時間預測準確度,因此本研究的目的在於探討平行機的作業環境下,針對平行機台在做不同類型作業時需進行Setup的特性,並且配合彈性的工單分割規則,期望能尋得適當的工單分割與排程法則組合,能夠兼顧交期與生產流程之穩定性,使得生產線穩定且容易預測,更有利於未來管理者視現場狀況去控制生產進度。本研究以模擬軟體ARENA建構模擬實驗,並根據模擬實驗結果蒐集模擬資料;接著本研究將預測因子分成「與加工時間相關」和「與等候時間相關」兩類,使用Minitab統計分析軟體建立流程時間之預測模式,再透過測試預測模型評估控制變數變動時,對工單交期與流程時間預測準確度有何影響。實驗結果顯示ATCS可以改善FIFO和EDD在交期和預測績效的問題,並且使用ATCS排程搭配將大工單分割成二張的組合能獲得兩全其美的結果,該控管方法除了改善交期表現,同時也不會影響預測準確度。另外,若改變ATCS排程的K1、K2調整參數將會對交期與預測績效有所影響,在本研究實驗,若K1增加會降低工單延遲,但將使預測準確度下降;若K2增加則放寬優先選擇不需Setup作業的限制、Setup次數增加,使得Setup的影響力變小且預測準確度提升。[[abstract]]Inordertoimprovemanufacturingservicestofacetheglobalcompetition,companiesusuallyuseparallelmachinestoincreaseproductioncapacity.Butpursuingutilizationoftenchangeschedule,mightlosepredictiveaccuracyatflowtime,therefore,thepurposeofthestudyisexploretheparallelmachineoperating,fordifferenttypeofworkneededtosetupandwiththeflexibilityoftherulesofjobsplitting,hopetofindappropriatecombinationwithjobsplittingandscheduling,cantakecareduedateandstabilityoftheproductionprocess,makingtheproductionlinestableandeasytopredict.ThisstudywasbasedonsimulationsoftwareARENAconstructingsimulationexperiments,andaccordingtothesimulationresultstocollectsimulationdata;thenthepresentstudydividesthepredictorintoprocesstimeandwaittime,usingMinitabstatisticalanalysissoftwaretodopredictionmodeatflowtime,andthenthroughthetestpredictionmodeltoassessthecontrolvariablechange,andwhatimpactfromjobduedateandflowtime.TheexperimentalresultsshowthatATCSoutperformsFIFOandEDDintermsofbothdeliveryandforecastperformance,andthecombinationofATCSrulesandsplittinglargejobsintotwojobscanachievethebestofbothworlds.Inaddition,iftheK1andK2parametersoftheATCSschedulearechanged,therewillbeanimpactonthedeliveryandforecastperformance.ThisstudyfindsthatlargevaluesofK1willreducethetardyratio,buthurttheaccuracyofthepredictionmodel.IfK2increases,setupfrequencyandforecastaccuracyalsoincreases
Develop a Heuristic Algorithm for Generating Planning Bill of Materials
[[abstract]]在供應鏈中,供應商為了在現今激烈的環境下求生存,便跟下游顧客進行像是供應商代管庫存(VMI)的合作模式,站在供應商的角度來看,此合作模式雖然可以得到下游顧客所提供的確認訂單以外,還能夠知道下游顧客更長遠的需求預測計劃;但此模式也會將下游顧客的庫存成本轉嫁到自身,且長遠的需求預測計畫中的訂單量不一定會轉成正式的訂單,其需求量減少不一定僅僅是終端市場的需求減少,其中也有顧客訂單流失之風險。本研究站在供應商的角度,利用資料探勘中的類神經網路以及關聯性分析的技術發展出一套啟發式演算法,讓供應商可以依照此發明來找出其產品之關聯性來製作產品銷售清單,當其有相關性商品在顧客購買需求減少時,供應商可以針對此狀況進行對應,以減少顧客訂單流失之風險。[[abstract]]Vendor-managedinventory(VMI)isacaseofsupplychainmanagement(SCM)approachesinwhichthecustomerofaproductprovidescertaininformationtoavendorofthatproductandthevendortakesfullresponsibilityformaintaininganagreedinventoryofthematerial,usuallyatthecustomer’sconsumptionlocationorstore.ThefunctionofacomputerizedBillofMaterials(BOM)moduleplaysanimportantroleonsupportingVMIcollaboration.ThisstudypresentsaVMIcasestudy,identifiestheriskscausedbytheVMIcollaboration,anddevelopaheuristicalgorithmbyusingtherisks.Sothat,thesuppliercanfindtheassociationsamongsellingproductsaccordingtodevelopplanningbillofmaterials.Wheneverthereisanabnormalofforecastingpurchasedemand,thesuppliercanrespondtothissituationinordertoreducetheriskofcustomer’sorderloss.Asimplyrealworldindustrycasestudyisutilizedtodemonstratemeritsoftheproposedapproach