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Disaster Risk Analysis and Field Visits of Psychiatric Rehabilitation Institutions and Psychiatric Nursing House in Taiwan
No full text[[abstract]]颱風、水災、土石流與火災為台灣地區最常見的災害。隨著氣候變遷及經濟發展，台灣地區發生災害機率增加。以及台灣災害案例之嚴重性。因此在災害發生時，如何保護人員生命及減少財產損失是個非常重要的課題。精神照護機構學員、住民或病人因思考與行為模式不同於一般人，災害發生時的應變能力堪憂。災害管理的「減災」與「整備」階段更加重要，以提升機構的災害韌性。完善的防災準備相當重要，而首要課題為精神照護機構對自身的災害分析必須確實瞭解。本研究以33家機構為例，探討土石流與水災災害潛勢地圖。其次，採用訪視方式對機構特性進行實地調查，評估災害的潛勢。最後，分析評估各機構的災害風險。在人力與經費有限條件下，區域性災害風險調查日益重要。本研究獲得的結果可提供其它精神照護機構參考，有助於對災害防救與應變計畫的擬定。[[abstract]]InTaiwan,therearesomecommonnaturaldisasters,suchastyphoons,floodsandlandslides.Itisanimportantissuetoensurethesafetyofnumerouspatientswhosethinkinglogicandbehaviorpatternsaredifferentfromthenormalpeopleinpsychiatriccareinstitutionswhilefacingthedisasters.Sincecognitivefunctionsrelatedtoperceptionsofexternalchangesinpatientswithmentalillnesshavedeteriorated,theyneedtorelyontheassistanceofstaffornursingpersonnelwhenfacedwithdisasters.ThemitigationandpreparednessstagesofDisasterPreventionandResponsePlanareespeciallycrucialtoincreasedisasterresiliencemechanismoffacilities.Thisstudyrecordedtheon-siteinvestigationonthedisastervulnerabilityandresponsecapabilityofpsychiatriccareinstitutionsinTaiwan.Theinvestigationoftheinundationpotentialmapsof33psychiatricrehabilitationinstitutionsandpsychiatricnursinghouseswereconducted.Thepossibilitytoexperiencinglandslidesandfloodinghazardsofalloftheinstitutionswereconfirmed.Intheon-siteinspections,thisstudyincludedactualobservationsoftheenvironmentofinstitutionsandtheirpreparationofdisasterpreventionequipmenttoactuallyunderstandthevulnerabilityoftheseinstitutions.Moreover,thisstudyfoundthatthepreventionofdisastersinpsychiatriccareinstitutionsneedsinter-ministerialcoordination
Correlation between Minimum Ignition Energy and Maximum Experimental Safe Gap with Their Predictive Models
No full text[[abstract]]於可燃性氣體環境下使用電氣機具時，必須使用具有防爆構造的電氣機具，才不會因為電氣火花或高溫表面而引起火災或爆炸的發生。此外最小著火能量及最大實驗安全間隙為防爆電氣選用上之重要之參數，且現有實驗數據卻遠遠無法滿足實際工業中的生產需求，而實驗數據的缺乏，受限於實驗危險性、實驗成本等問題。若能以預測方法取得物質特性資訊，便能解決此問題。本研究將收集可靠之最小著火能量及最大實驗安全間隙數據，嘗試從數據中求出兩特性間之關係式，並透過關係式進行化學物之最小著火能量或最大實驗安全間隙預測。除此之外也採用受歐盟認可的定量構效關係(QSAR)方法來建立最小著火能量預測模式及最大實驗安全間隙預測模式，以達到防爆電氣選用時之需求，亦彌補最小著火能量及最大實驗安全間隙實驗數據之不足。本研究所使用之最小著火能量數據來自，JNIOSH-TR-No.42；最大實驗安全間隙之數據來自IgnitionHandbook，從中收集45筆同時具有最小著火能量及最大實驗安全間隙之物質進行最小著火能量及最大實驗安全間隙關係探討，並找出其關係式。其關係式R2為0.645，標準誤為0.111mm，可以發現最小著火能量及最大實驗安全間隙此二者特性間確實是存有關係的。最小著火能量之定量構效關係，數據來自JNIOSH-TR-No.42，而描述符則是經由Dragon6及CODESSAPro計算取得，共2906個。以68筆數據(0.009mJ≦MIE≦2.4mJ)建立MIE大範圍模式，訓練組數據為54筆，測試組數據為14筆，採用多元線性回歸法以訓練組數據建立預測模式其R2為0.873，標準誤為0.158mJ，Q2為0.804；以66筆數據(0.009mJ≦MIE≦1.57mJ)建立MIE小範圍模式，訓練組數據為53筆，測試組數據為13筆，採用多元線性回歸法以訓練組數據建立預測模式其R2為0.895，標準誤為0.121mJ，Q2為0.783。最大實驗安全間隙之定量構效關係，數據來自IgnitionHandbook，描述符則是經由Dragon6計算取得，共2926個。以158筆數據(0.34mm≦MESG≦1.86mm)建立MESG大範圍模式，訓練組數據為127筆，測試組數據為31筆，採用多元線性回歸法以訓練組數據建立預測模式其R2為0.779，標準誤為0.103mm，Q2為0.766；以142筆數據(0.34mm≦MESG≦1.14mm)建立MESG小範圍模式，訓練組數據為114筆，測試組數據為28筆，採用多元線性回歸法以訓練組數據建立預測模式其R2為0.773，標準誤為0.067mJ，Q2為0.765。[[abstract]]Whenusingelectricalequipmentinflammablegasatmospheres,itisnecessarytouseelectricalequipmentwithanexplosion-proofstructuretocauseafireorexplosionduetoelectricalsparksorhigh-temperaturesurfaces.Inaddition,theminimumignitionenergyandthemaximumexperimentalsafetygapfortheexplosion-proofelectricalselectionoftheimportantparameters,theexistingexperimentaldataisfarfrombeingabletomeettheactualindustrialproductionneeds.ConductingexperimentstomeasuretheMIEandMESGofavapororgasareusuallytime-consumingandcostly;sometimesisprecariousfortoxicorexplosivechemicals,thereforeamodelforpredictingMIEandMESGarerequiredforpracticalpurpose.Becauseevaluatinghazardouscharacteristicsofachemicalbyexperimentaltests,EUREACHregulationencouragestheuseofcost-effectivealternatives,suchastheQuantitativeStructureActivityRelationships(QSAR)approach.Inthiswork,MIEmeasurementsarecollectedfromJNIOSH-TR-No.42,andMESGmeasurementsarecollectedfromIgnitionHandbook.TherelationshipbetweenMIEandMESGwasinvestigatedusing45substances.Therelationshipwasfound,R2is0.645,thestandarderroris0.111mm.ItcanbefoundthatMIEandMESGarerelated.InthisworkMIEmeasurementsarecollectedfromJNIOSH-TR-No.42,and2906moleculardescriptorsareconstructedbyDragon6andCODESSAProsoftwareascandidateregressors.The68MIEmeasurements(rangingfrom0.009mJto2.4mJ)aredividedintoatrainingdatasetwith54measurementsandatestdatasetwith14measurements,andthenamultipleregressionmodelisthenbuildviathestepwiseregressionmethod.Thismodelhaseightmoleculardescriptors,theR2valuetobeof0.895,thestandarderrortobeof0.158mJandQ2valuetobeof0.804.The66MIEmeasurements(rangingfrom0.009mJto1.57mJ)aredividedintoatrainingdatasetwith53measurementsandatestdatasetwith13measurements,andthenamultipleregressionmodelisthenbuildviathestepwiseregressionmethod.Thismodelhassevenmoleculardescriptors,theR2valuetobeof0.895,thestandarderrortobeof0.121mJandQ2valuetobeof0.783.InthisworkMESGmeasurementsarecollectedfromIgnitionHandbook,and2906moleculardescriptorsareconstructedbyDragon6softwareascandidateregressors.The158MESGmeasurements(rangingfrom0.34mmto1.86mm)aredividedintoatrainingdatasetwith127measurementsandatestdatasetwith31measurements,andthenamultipleregressionmodelisthenbuildviathestepwiseregressionmethod.Thismodelhastenmoleculardescriptors,theR2valuetobeof0.779,thestandarderrortobeof0.103mmandQ2valuetobeof0.766.The142MESGmeasurements(rangingfrom0.34mmto1.14mm)aredividedintoatrainingdatasetwith114measurementsandatestdatasetwith28measurements,andthenamultipleregressionmodelisthenbuildviathestepwiseregressionmethod.Thismodelhastwelvemoleculardescriptors,theR2valuetobeof0.773,thestandarderrortobeof0.067mmandQ2valuetobeof0.765
A Feasibility Study on Producing Bio-Coal from Orange Residue by Using Torrefaction
No full text[[abstract]]人類大量使用化石燃料，不僅造成環境及全球氣候之變遷，也造成煤炭、石油等非再生能源逐漸匱乏，目前生質能源為一種極具開發潛力之再生能源，而農業廢棄物為生質能源的主要原料之一，本研究以農業廢棄物中水果產量多也較易收集之柳丁果皮及果肉殘渣進行焙燒，以產製生質炭(bio-coal)。本研究從室溫(約25℃)開始，以10、30、50℃/分鐘之升溫速率，分別對柳丁果皮及果肉殘渣(含水率25~30%)進行焙燒，最終溫度設定為150、200、250、300、350℃，持溫時間則為10、20、30分鐘。研究結果顯示，焙燒後產物之熱值、灰份、固定碳、能源緻密度與反應溫度及停留時間成正比之關係，而與升溫速率成反比；焙燒後產物之水分含量、產物產率、能源產率與反應溫度及停留時間成反比，而與升溫速率成正比之關係。綜合以上結果，進一步利用產物產率、能源緻密度及能源產率之實驗結果，計算經焙燒試驗後柳丁殘渣之單位體積發熱量，發現於焙燒溫度250℃、升溫速率10℃/分鐘、持溫時間10分鐘之焙燒參數下，混合物之產物較原始生質物混合物的熱值分別上升1.45倍，單位體積發熱量提升計算2.26倍，研究結果顯示，柳丁殘渣經焙燒後可提升其能源密度及燃料性質，適合後續作為生質燃料之應用。[[abstract]]Nowadayspeopleusemassivefossilfuelswhichnotonlycauseenvironmentalimpactsandglobalclimatechange,butalsocausethedepletionofnon-renewableenergysuchascoalandoil.Bioenergyiscurrentlythemostwidelyusedrenewableenergy,andagriculturalwasteisoneofthemainrawmaterialsforbioenergy.Inthisstudy,weuseorangepeelresidue,whichiseasiertocollectfromagriculturalwastetoproducebio-coalbytorrefaction.Theorangepeelresidue(with25to30%moisture)wastreatedbytorrefaction,andtheexperimentswereconductedwithinitialtemperatureatroomtemperature(approximatelyat25°C),withheatingratesof10,30,and50°C/min,withterminaltemperaturesat150、200、250、300、350℃,andwithresidencetimeof10,20,and30minutes.Theresultsrevealedthattheheatingvalue,ashcontentandenergydensificationratioofthesolidproductsaftertorrefactionareindirectproportiontoterminaltemperaturesandresidencetime,andareinverselyproportionaltoheatingrates.Themoisturecontent,solidmassyield,energyyield,andvolumetricenergydensityofthesolidproductsaftertorrefactionareinverselyproportionaltoterminaltemperaturesandresidencetime,andareindirectproportiontoheatingrates.Inconclusion,basedontheexperimentalresultsoftheproductyield,energydensificationratioandenergyyield,thevolumetricenergydensitiesoftheorangeresidueafterthetorrefactionexperimentwascalculated,wefoundthattheheatingvaluesofthemixturesolidproductswere1.45timeshigherthanthoseoftheraworangemixtureresiduebeforetorrefaction,andthevolumetricenergydensitieswereincreasedby2.26timesunderoperatingparameterswithterminaltemperatureat250°C,heatingrateof10°C/min,andresidencetimeof10minutesoftorrefaction.Theresultsindicatedthattheresidueoforangepeeltreatedbytorrefactionimproveditsenergydensityandfuelproperties,andbecamemoresuitableforbio-fuelapplications.Keywords:Biomassenergy,orange,torrefactio
The Extreme Flash Point Behavior of Ternary Mixtures- The Maximum-Minimum Flash Point
No full text[[abstract]]閃火點為評估液體火災爆炸的重要參數之一。雙成分混合物之極端閃火點行為包括最高與最低閃火點，而目前關於極端閃火點的文獻主要以雙成分系統為主，但是在工業上所使用到的多為三成分以上的混合物，在先前的研究中已有探討具有最低閃火點行為的三成分混合物，而三成分混合物中同時具有最高與最低閃火點混合物的問題尚未被探討。若能預測三成分最高-最低混合物的閃火點行為，則可以利用其特性運用在危害削減以及避免製程操作上可能產生的火災爆炸危害，所以本研究為探討同時具有最高與最低閃火點行為之三成分混合物的閃火點行為。除了實驗數據外，研究中利用模擬預測數據協助分析，我們將使用之前廖等人所發展的有機易燃性混合物的預測模式來預測混合物之閃火點。實驗物質我們選用酚(Phenol)+環己醇(Cyclohexanol)+丁酸異戊酯(Isoamylbutyrate)、酚(Phenol)+1-辛醇(1-Octanol)+苯乙酮(Acetophenone)二組三成分混合物，其特性為具有兩個最高與一個最低閃火點。針對本研究所用同時具有最高與最低閃火點之混合物，其中酚(Phenol)+環己醇(Cyclohexanol)+丁酸異戊酯(Isoamylbutyrate)三成分混合物的實驗結果為最高閃火點即為其中雙成分混合物之最高閃火點值，而該溶液之最低閃火點即為雙成分混合物中之最低閃火點值。酚(Phenol)+1-辛醇(1-Octanol)+苯乙酮(Acetophenone)混合物的實驗結果顯示，雙成分混合物之最高閃火點即為該混合物之最高閃火點，而最低閃火點值為三成分的混合物中具有較低閃火點的純物質之閃火點。然而利用最高閃火點行為的特性，便能夠將混合物之閃火點提高，此結果可以應用於火災爆炸的危害削減以及製程操作上的設計。[[abstract]]Theflashpointisoneofthemostimportantparametersforevaluatingthefireandexplosionhazardsofflammableliquids.Theextremeflashpointbehaviorofbinarymixturesincludingthemaximumflashpointandtheminimumflashpoint.Mostoftheresearchesofextremeflashpointlimitedinbinarysystem.However,intherealworld,muti-componentsolutionsareusedmorefrequently.Inpreviousstudy,theminimumflashpointbehaviorofternarymixturewasdiscussed.However,thereisnostudydiscussedabouttheternarymixtureswhichshowmax-minimumflashpointbehavior.IfwecanpredicttheMax-MinFPBofternarymixture,itcanbeappliedinhazardreductionandavoidingthepotentialhazardoffireandexplosiononprocessoperation,sothisstudyfocusontheMaximum-minimumflashpointbehaviorofternarymixtures.Besidetheexperimentdata,wealsousethepredictionmodeltopredicttheflashpointofmixturewhichdevelopedforflammablemixturesbyLiawetal.Thesubstancesselectedincludedphenol+cyclohexanol+isoamylbutyrateandphenol+1-octanol+acetophenone.Bothofthemhavemaximumandminimumflashpoint.OneoftheresultforthetwostudiedternarymixtureswhichhaveMax-Minflashpointinthisstudyisthemaximumflashpointisthemaximumflashpointofbinaryconstituent,andtheminimumflashpointistheminimumflashpointofbinaryconstituent.Themaximumflashpointbehaviorincreasetheflashpointofmixturesfoethetwomixtures.Thisresultcanbeappliedinthehazardreductionoffireandexplosionandthedesignofprocessoperation
Driving Safety Analysis of Railway Vehicle System
No full text[[abstract]]本篇論文係利用ADAMS/Rail軟體，進行鐵路車輛系統的動態模擬分析，探討不同車速、軌道不整波長、輪軌接觸力與摩擦係數對於脫軌安全性的影響。並且比較FASTSIM演算法、POLACH演算法對脫軌係數的影響。數據分析結果顯示，車輛行駛速度愈快，列車脫軌係數也會相對變大；而列車輪軌間的摩擦係數值愈大，則脫軌係數愈小。軌道不整方向於側面、且Kalker比例因子等於1.00時，對於行車安全影響最大。綜上，分析結果顯示，軌道不整、輪軌摩擦係數與輪軌接觸力，對於鐵路列車的動態行為是不能輕易忽視。[[abstract]]Inthisstudy,ADAMS/Railsoftwareisusedtoinvestigatethedynamicanalysisforarailwayvehiclesystem.Thispaperdiscussestheeffectsofdifferentvehiclespeed,orbitalunevenness,wheel-railcontactforceandfrictioncoefficientonderailmentquotients.ItalsocomparestheinfluenceoftheFASTSIMandPOLACHalgorithmonderailmentfactors.Theresultofdataanalysisshowsthatthefastervehiclespeedwillinducethelargertrainderailmentcoefficient.Intheotherhand,thegreaterthecoefficientoffrictionbetweenrailandwheelscausessmallerthederailmentfactor.WhentherailirregularitiesonthesidetrackandtheKalker?sscalefactorisequalto1.0,ithasthegreatestimpactontrafficsafety.Accordingtheabovedescription,theinfluenceoftherailirregularities,wheel/railfrictioncoefficientandwheel/railcontactforceonthedynamicanalysisofarailwayvehiclecan?tbedisregarded
Stability Control of Servo Slide and Applied to Automatic Optics Inspection Machine
No full text[[abstract]]本論文旨在利用伺服滑台穩定控制方法應用於自動化光學檢測機，並提出前饋控制及S-curve最佳化穩定控制之方法，以降低機械設備系統高速化之振動，並增加設備生產檢驗之效率。因此，本研究建置伺服滑台系統，模擬系統振動響應特性，驗證與比對系統之振動。在系統控制分析上，以伺服滑台模型系統為主體，透過伺服馬達的穩定控制，抑制振動之干擾源，使其達到穩定控制之效果，先利用前饋控制分析追蹤響應特性，再利用S-curve做最佳化運動曲線之規劃，抑制機械系統振動，在實驗結果，系統振動皆可在第一個週期時間後收斂。[[abstract]]Thisstudypresentsaservoslidestabilizationcontrolmethodandappliedtoautomaticopticalinspectionmachine.Aservoslidesystemisconstructedtosimulatethemotionoftheautomaticopticalinspectionmachineanditsdynamicequationisderivedtobeamathematicmodelforthecontrollerdesign.Forloopcontroldesign,afeedback-feedforwardcontrollerandScurveplanningofspeedcommandsareprovidedtoefficientlyimprovethestabilityofthecontrolsystemandtoreducethevibrationunderhighspeedmotions.Simulatedandexperimentalresultsarereportedtoverifytheproposedcontrolsystemefficiently
The Impacts of Customer-company Identification on Service Recovery
No full text[[abstract]]近年來，在連鎖餐飲業蓬勃發展以及整體競爭環境激烈的背景下，企業必須更加重視顧客的心理層面，設法滿足其內心的真實需求，以提升顧客對公司的認同，並加深顧客的印象。才能讓行銷發揮最大的功效，創造長久的競爭優勢。經文獻探討後，本研究提出以顧客公司認同、服務疏失容忍度、認知公平、服務補救滿意度及再購意圖等變數組成的研究架構，探討其關連性。本研究對象係針對曾於連鎖餐廳中遭遇服務疏失情形、並且有向業者反映的顧客進行調查，最終共回收447份有效問卷，以結構方程模型驗證假設。研究得以下結果：(1)顧客對公司的認同會正向影響顧客的服務疏失容忍度、及對服務補救的認知公平，但是對服務補救滿意度沒有顯著影響；(2)服務疏失容忍度、認知公平對於服務補救滿意度有顯著影響；(3)認知公平與服務補救滿意度對於再購意圖有顯著影響；(4)顧客公司認同透過服務疏失容忍度或認知公平部分中介影響服務補救滿意度；(5)認知公平透過服務補救滿意度部分中介影響再購意圖。[[abstract]]Theconceptofcustomer-companyidentificationhasbecomeanessentialfactorforcompanytobuildlong-termrelationshipswithcustomers.Inthehighlycompetitiveserviceindustry,theestablishmentofidentificationandthedevelopmentofstrongrelationshipswithcustomersareimportantforserviceproviderssuchaschainrestaurants.However,itisimpossibleforserviceproviderstoavoidservicefailureentirely.Yetthenumberofstudiesrelatedtotheinfluenceofcustomer-companyidentificationinservicefailureisstillverylimited.Therefore,thisresearchaimstoinvestigaterelationshipsamongcustomer-companyidentification,toleranceforservicefailure,perceivedjustice,servicerecoverysatisfactionandrepurchaseintention.Thepurposeofthisresearchareasfollows:(1)examinetheimpactofcustomer-companyidentificationontoleranceforservicefailure,perceivedjusticeandservicerecoverysatisfaction;(2)examinetheimpactoftoleranceforservicefailureandperceivedjusticeonservicerecoverysatisfaction;(3)examinetheinfluenceofperceivedjusticeandservicerecoverysatisfactiononrepurchaseintention.TheproposedmodelwasempiricallytestedinthecontextofafamouschainrestaurantwithhighmarketshareinTaiwan.Theresearchmodelhasfivevariables,includingcustomer-companyidentification,toleranceforservicefailure,perceivedjustice,servicerecoverysatisfaction,andrepurchaseintention.Asurveyquestionnairewasusedtocollectdatafortestingthehypotheses.Customer-companyidentificationproducedmanybenefits,suchasenhancingtherelationshipwithcustomers,andofferinganadditionalwaytoadvancecustomerloyalty.Thefindingsofthisresearchareasfollows:(1)customer-companyidentificationhassignificantimpactsontoleranceforservicefailureandperceivedjustice;(2)customer-companyidentificationhasinsignificantinfluenceonservicerecoverysatisfaction;(3)toleranceforservicefailureandperceivedjusticebothhavesignificantimpactsonservicerecoverysatisfaction;(4)perceivedjusticeandservicerecoverysatisfactionbothhavepositiveimpactsonrepurchaseintention.Thisstudyalsoofferedimportanttheoreticalcontributionandmanagerialimplications
Exploring Employment Predicament of Physically challenged - A Case Study in Employment of the hearing-impaired in Kaohsiung Area
No full text[[abstract]]本研究主要目的，在探討身心障礙者就業困境及深入了解聽覺障礙者的就業問題與因應對策。本研究方法採問卷調查，調查對象分為(A)身心障礙者(B)身心障礙者家屬(C)就業服務員等三類，透過問卷調查了解身心障礙者就業所遇到的各種問題。除了問卷之外，本研究者實地訪查偏鄉身心障礙者就業狀況，發現偏鄉就業服務員運用策略，在輔導偏鄉身心障礙者就業上，發揮了極大幫助與實質作用。本研究結果和建議如下：(1)本研究透過問卷調查得知未就業原因大部分皆為疾病無法工作，其次是求職多次未獲錄用，另外想工作但未去工作也佔多數。(2)透過研究調查50%的身心障礙者未接受就業服務員協助，政府仍需加強宣導，讓身心障礙者在面臨就業問題時，得以獲得就業服務員協助，因為就業服務員扮演著非常重要角色，也是重要的支持系統。身心障礙者要提升自我能力、培訓職業技能，改變工作態度，在職場上要不斷地努力學習，維持良好的人際關係，發揮最大的工作能力。(3)身心障礙者家屬要全力的支持，養成孩子獨立生活，多讚美少責備，不要過度保護和過多壓力，適度的陪伴並協助孩子在職場找到幫助他的人。(4)督促政府落實公私立機關進用身心障礙者，提供更多的就業機會，建立無障礙環境、就業支持、反歧視，做好各階段轉銜制度，提高身心障礙者實質就業機會。藉此研究喚醒社會大眾認識身心障礙者，了解他們、接納他們，提供無障礙環境，建構友善職場，讓身心障礙者走出就業困境，順利生活。[[abstract]]Themainpurposeofthisstudyisexploringtheemploymentdilemmaofphysicallychallengedpersons,andunderstandingfurtheremploymentissuesofhearingimpairedandhowtoaddresstheseissues.Thisresearchisdevelopedquestionnairetoinvestogatetheissuesthatphysicallychallengedpersonsarefaced.Thisresearcharedividedintothreecategories(A)physicallychallenged(B)familymembersofphysicallychallenged(C)servicestaffofemploymentoffice.Inaddition,inthisresearchfindthatservicestaffsimplementedhelpfulandsuccessfulstrategiestohelpphysicallychallengedinremotedistricts.Thefindingsandsuggestionsofthisresearchasfollowing:(1)Themainreasonwhyphysicallychallengedareunemploymentbecauseofthedisease.Secondaryisthatnotbeinghiredwhentheylookforjob.Besides,fewofthemwanttohaveajobbutneveract.(2)50%ofphysicallychallengedneverseekhelpfromemploymentcenter.TheGovernmentstillneedstodomorepromotion,inordertoletphysicallychallengedknowthattheycangethelpfromemploymentcenter.(3)Physicallychallengedhavetoimprovetheirself-ability,gettingtrainingofworkskills,changetheworkattitudes.Besides,theyhavetolearncontinuouslyintheworkplace,maintainingrelationships,anddoingbestinthework.(4)Physicallychallengedfamilyhavetosupportthem,helpingthembeindependent,morecomplimentslessblames,noover-protectandover-pressure,andmoderatelyaccompanyandassistthemfindsomeonewhocanhelphimintheworkplace.(5)Urginggovernmenttoimplementpolicyofincreasingemploymentopportunityinpublicandprivateorganizations,establishingaccess-freefacilities,employmentsupport,anti-discrimination,buildingupconversionsystem.Thisresearchlooksforwardtoawakeningpeopleunderstandthem,acceptthem,andprovideaccess-freefacilities,establishamicableworkplace,inordertoletthemwalkoutofemploymentdilemma,havingsmoothlife
Signal Acquisition and Tracking of GLONASS Positioning System
No full text[[abstract]]全球導航衛星系統(GNSS)為泛指所有以衛星為主的導航系統。目前在太空中運行的導航衛星系統包含了美國GPS衛星系統、俄羅斯GLONASS衛星系統、歐盟Galileo衛星系統、中國北斗衛星系統與最近開始規劃與發射的日本QZSS衛星系統。隨著全球衛星定位導航的發展，整合之衛星導航系統為目前導航系統應用的發展趨勢，其中目前最為廣泛應用的組合導航系統為GLONASS系統與GPS系統，而在參考國內外相關研究的基礎上，本論文選擇GLONASS衛星定位導航系統作為主要研究的方向，在真正的衛星訊號中，訊號會因為電碼時延誤差與載波相位偏差造成衛星無法精準定位，所以本論文中，以電碼追蹤迴路與載波追蹤迴路來解決以上兩個誤差。本論文之GLONASS衛星定位系統建置於Simulink上，模擬GLONASS傳送端與接收端，且在傳送與接收過程中，模擬訊號產生電碼時延與載波相位偏移，並使用時延鎖相迴路與相位鎖相迴路同時追蹤輸入訊號的電碼與載波，其結果驗證其兩個迴路確實能夠追蹤訊號，並完成同步的狀態。[[abstract]]GNSSisthegeneralmeaningofthesatellites-basednavigationsystem.TheavailablemultisystemsincludeGPSoftheUnitedStates,GLONASSoftheRussia,GailileooftheEuropeanUnion,BDSoftheChinaandQZSSoftheJapan,whichisdevelopmentedrecently.Withthedevelopmentofglobalsatellitepositioningandnavigation.Combinedwithmorethantwosatellitenavigationsystemsisthetrendofthecurrentnavigationsystemapplication.Inthisyear,themostwidelyusedintegratednavigationsystemsaretheGLONASSsystemandGPSsystem.Inreferenceoftherelevantdomesticandinternationalresearchfoundation.Inthispaper,selecttheGLONASSsatellitepositioningandnavigationsystemsasthemaindirectiontoresearch.Intherealsatellitesignal,thecodetimedelayerrorandcarrierphasedeviationcausedthesatellitecannotbeprecisepositioning.Therefore,inthispaper,usingCodeTrackingLoopandCarrierTrackingLooptosolvetheabovetwoerrors.TheGLONASSsatellitepositioningsystemisbuiltontheSimulink.ToanalogGLONASS’stransmitterandreceiver.Intheprocessoftransmissionandreception.Analogingsignalproduceselectricalsignalsofcodetimedelayandcarrierphaseoffset,andusesthetimedelayphase-lockedloopandphase-lockedlooptotrackingtheinputsignal'scodeandcarriersimultaneously.Theresultsverifythattwocircuitsareindeedabletotracksignalsandcompletesynchronizationstatus
A Fast Algorithm Using Early Termination for Sub-pixel Motion Estimation in 3D-HEVC
No full text[[abstract]]3D-HEVC為H.265/HEVC的多視角視訊及深度資訊的三維立體視訊壓縮的擴展，當在進行畫面間預測時，每一個預測單元須進行整數像素位置及子像素位置動態估測，預測單元需要對搜尋範圍的搜尋點進行位元率失真度的成本函數計算，從中選出最佳的動態向量與計算殘差區塊，因為每一個預測單元都必須進行一次最佳化位元率失真度的成本函數計算，因此在動態估測時所花費的計算複雜度是非常高的。本論文提出一個快速演算法，利用門檻值的判定，來提早終止子像素位置動態估測，達到節省編碼時間的目的。實驗結果顯示，我們所提出的提早終止子像素動態估測演算法與3D-HEVC參考軟體HTM16.2原本的畫面間預測模式選擇演算法相比，平均能節省大約7.3%的編碼時間，但只有少量的位元率增加與重建視訊品質損失。[[abstract]]Thehighefficiencyvideocoding(H.265/HEVC)standardhasrecentlybeenextendedtosupportefficientrepresentationofmulti-viewvideoplusdepthbasedthree-dimensionalvideocoding,called3D-HEVC.Fortheinter-framepredictionin3D-HEVCstandard,whileeverypredictionunitprocessestheinteger-pixelandsub-pixelmotionestimation,itcomputestherate-distortioncostforeachsearchpointwithinthesearchrange,andthentofindtheoptimalmotionvectorandtheresidualblock.Hence,thecomputationalcomplexityofthemotionestimationisveryhigh.Inthisthesis,weproposeanearlyterminationalgorithmusingathresholdfortheprocedureofthesub-pixelmotionestimationtosavetheencodingtime.Theexperimentalresultsshowthattheproposedalgorithmcansave7.3%oftotalencodingtimeonaveragecomparedtotheoriginalinter-framepredictionmodedecisioninreferencesoftwareHTM16.2withnegligibleperformancedegradationinthebitrateandthequalityofreconstructionvideo