National Kaohsiung First University of Science and Technology
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A Study of Service Experience on Brand Image, Satisfaction and Purchase Intention via O2O Model - A case study of Starbucks
[[abstract]]隨著資訊科技的快速發展,所崛起的市場競爭激烈,加上行動裝置普及,O2O模式的出現,改變現代人的生活方式與消費型態,O2O是一種將消費者從線上虛擬通路帶往線下實體商店進行實際體驗行為的模式。在現今市場的成熟及服務行業的競爭日益激烈,為了尋求創新的競爭方式,具體的方法就是增強服務體驗,如何去滿足消費者需求,使其滿意進而提高消費意願,並留住客源,是企業經營的主要目標。本研究透過O2O模式三大構面:消費者、線上平台及線下實體商店,以消費者觀點出發,藉由實證研究來瞭解服務體驗在O2O模式下,對於品牌形象及消費者到線下實體商店購買行為的影響,並觀察線上(Online)轉移至線下(Offline)關係,探討是否會受到線上滿意度關係,進而也帶動線下消費者購買意願。本研究主要以星巴克為研究對象,採用問卷調查方式,利用便利抽樣進行問卷蒐集,共計回收225份,經刪除填答不完整及錯誤填答之無效問卷後,有效樣本為204份,回收?91%,並針對資料進行分析。研究結果發現:(1)服務體驗、品牌形象對滿意度及購買意願有正向影響的效果(2)服務體驗對品牌形象有正向影響的效果(3)滿意度對購買意願影響有正向影響的效果。[[abstract]]Withtherapiddevelopmentofinformationtechnology,theriseofthemarketisexistingveryhighlycompetitiveenvironment.Additionally,theuniversalityofmobiledevicesandtheadventoftheO2Omodelhasbeenchangedthemodernlifestyleandpeople’sconsumptionpatterns.O2Oisamodelthattakesconsumersfromtheonlinevirtualchanneltotheofflinephysicalstorechannelindoingactualexperiencebehavior.Inordertoseektheinnovativecompetitionwayistostrengthserviceexperiencetofacethematuremarketintheserviceindustry,theconcretemethodistoenhanceexperienceofservice.Buthowtosatisfytheconsumerdemandthatmakesitssatisfiedtoincreasethepurchaseintentionandretainscustomersaremajorpurposesofbusinessmanagement.Inthisresearch,wetriedtouseO2Omodelanddivideditintothreeconstructs:consumers,onlineplatformsandofflinephysicalstores.ThroughtheempiricalstudytounderstandtheserviceexperienceinfluencebetweenbrandimageandconsumerpurchasebehaviorinO2Omodelandobservingtherelationshipbetweenonlineandofflinebehavior,thisresearchalsoexploredwhetheritwillbeaffectedbyonlinesatisfaction,andthenalsotodriveconsumerstopurchaseinofflineenvironment.Inthisstudy,wealsousedacasestudy(Starbucks)toverifyourresearchmodel.Thisresearchdevelopedthequestionnairelargelybasedonexistingmeasuresintheliterature.Wesent225surveyquestionnairesandatotalof204responseswereusedforanalysisafterdiscarding21responseswithmissdata,resultinginaresponserateof91%.Theresearchresultsareshownasfollows:(1)serviceexperienceandbrandimagehavesignificanteffectsonsatisfactionandpurchaseintention;(2)serviceexperiencehavesignificanteffectsonbrandimage;(3)satisfactionhavesignificanteffectsonpurchaseintention.Thisresearchprovidesthetheoreticalandpracticalimplicationsofitsfindings
The impacts of Personality Traits and Organizational Commitment on Startup
[[abstract]]一間大企業必有企業文化,一穩固的企業必有穩健的文化根基,那麼對於新創企業來說,企業文化受到創始合夥人的「人格特質」影響深厚,創業之初若未提升組織承諾,增加工作效率,這樣搖擺不定的企業終將瓦解。企業文化受到「組織承諾」及「合夥人的人格特質」之影響深遠,當然環境影響也相當重要,而新創企業更是如此,環境的影響對於企業來說是較難改變,但是影響深遠的,因此選擇創業環境相當重要,例如澳朵公司在創業型大學的環境中,利用許多學校資源,省下初期許多成本。企業文化中成員的「組織承諾」,更是能夠在企業中提升工作效率的有效方式,澳朵條約就是在創業初期訂定的簡單卻高效的公司規定,大幅提升了澳朵的工作效率。而合夥人的「人格特質」更是決定了企業草創時期的企業文化,因為初期成員較少,每個人的影響力較大。企業文化的作用是要有效的要幫助企業獲得成功,並且能永續經營下去。同時,對於員工可能是種約束力,也可能是更加的自由。然,企業文化在公司的不同階段,將可能受到許多不同的因素而有所改變,而這種情形將可能持續發生,因此公司主管或高層應該多加重視。本研究透過研究澳朵公司對「組織承諾」及「人格特質」之交互影響,並分析該公司企業文化的形塑結果,且對「組織承諾」及「人格特質」如何影響企業文化的因素加以說明,進而整理出新創企業對於企業文化建立的方法與模型,作為最終研究之結果。[[abstract]]Alargeenterprisemusthaveacorporateculture,asolidenterprisemusthaveasolidculturalfoundation,thenforthestart-upenterprises,corporatecultureisparticularlyimportant,ifacompanydon’thaveagoodcorporatecultureatthebeginning,thecompanywillcollapseeasily.Corporatecultureisdeeplyinfluencedby"environment","organizationalcommitment"and"Co-founder'spersonalitytraits".Theimpactoftheenvironmentismoredifficultforenterprisestochange,butfar-reaching,sochoosetherightenvironmenttostartupisveryimportant.Suchastheuseofmanyschoolresourcesintheentrepreneurialuniversityenvironment,savingmanyoftheinitialcosts.Theorganizationalcommitmentofthemembersofthecorporatecultureisaneffectivewaytoimprovetheefficiencyoftheenterprises.TheA-doorruleissimpleandefficientcompanystipulatedintheinitialstageofstartup,whichgreatlyimprovestheefficiencyoftheA-doorcompany.AndthepersonalitytraitsofA-doorpartnersdeterminetheA-doorcorporateculture,becausetheinitialmembersofless,everyone'sinfluenceisgreater.Theroleofcorporatecultureistobeeffectivetohelpenterprisestobesuccessful,andcancontinuetooperate.Atthesametime,foremployeesmaybebinding,butmorefreedom.However,corporatecultureatdifferentstagesofthecompany,maybesubjecttomanydifferentfactorsandchanges,andthesesituationsmaycontinuetooccur,sothecompanyexecutivesshouldpaymoreattentiononit.ThroughthestudyoftheA-doorcompany"environmentalimpact","organizationalcommitment"and"partner'spersonalitytraits",thisstudyanalyzestheresultsofthecompany'scorporatecultureandexplainsthefactorsthatinfluencethecorporateculture.Themethodandmodeloftheestablishmentofthecorporatecultureforthenewenterpriseastheresultofthefinalstudy
Does liquidity affect the pricing of over-trading stocks ?
[[abstract]]本文旨在探討台灣股票市場因投資者過度自信而被過度交易之個股,是否會因為流通性的高低而影響績效。本文以台灣股票上市、上櫃公司為研究樣本,研究期間為2014年5月至2017年1月,共計32個月,以事件研究法驗證,研究結果顯示,以過度交易之個股為標的的投資策略,在60天期做多操作之下,可獲得優於大盤的報酬率,平均約有6成的勝率,若再從中挑出高週轉率之個股投資組合,優於大盤的勝率有91%,而低週轉率之個股投資組合,在60天期後的報酬率並未優於大盤,故流通性越高,則過度交易個股的績效就越高;流通性越低,則過度交易個股的績效就低,且只適合於短天期投資。[[abstract]]Thispaperstudieswhetherliquidityaffectsthereturnsonstockswithoverconfidence-driventrading.UsingasampleofTWSE-stocksandOTC-stocksinTaiwanfromMay2014toJanuary2017(32months),weemployeventstudymethodologytoinvestigatehowstockswithoverconfidence-driventradinggeneratereturns.Wefindthat,onaverage,stockswithoverconfidence-driventradinggenerateapositivemarket-adjustedreturnwitha60-dayholdingperiod(about60%successfulratio).Moreimportant,whenwefocusthesampleonthestockswithoverconfidence-driventradingandwithhighliquidity,wegenerateamorepositivemarket-adjustedreturnwitha60-dayholdingperiod(about91%successfulratio).Thesefindingssuggestthatliquidityindeedaffectsthereturnsonstockswithoverconfidence-driventrading
The Effect of Black Swan Events on Taiwan's Stock Market
[[abstract]]黑天鵝事件本就難以預防,也因難以預防,一發生往往就如骨牌效應會在市場造成巨大衝擊,近年來全球市場震盪不安,美國聯準會(FED)升息、歐盟區公債問題、英國脫歐、中國經濟成長放緩…等,都讓全球市場經濟架構呈脆弱態勢。我們無法準確預測黑天鵝事件的發生,但卻可以從已經發生的事件去觀察、探討與了解,讓日後相似事件發生時之因應,能將損失降至最低。因此本研究主要探討國際黑天鵝事件的發生,會對台灣的股票市場造成多大的影響。根據類型的不同,本研究選取較具代表性的兩類事件做為比較,分別為金融危機事件與國際重大事件,探討這些事件發生時,市場需要用多少的時間才能回復,希望能供市場投資者做為往後類似事件再度發生時之參考。本研究以1997年至2017年間發生的七個黑天鵝事件,探討該事件發生後對台灣市場股價的影響,並依據上市與上櫃類別不同,以台灣加權股價指數、電子類指數與OTC指數、OTC電子指數來驗證結果。實證結果顯示,當發生金融危機類事件時,往往會對台灣股市造成負報酬的影響,且回復時間通常達三個月以上,特別是電子類股,其受影響程度是大過傳產類股的。而在國際重大事件裡的三個事件,英國脫歐及川普當選兩事件的發生,台灣股市雖有受到短暫的影響,而9.11恐怖襲擊事件對於台股,短期雖造成負報酬影響,但影響時間並沒有像金融事件那麼長,於事件後之三個月已有明顯回升。[[abstract]]BlackSwanEventstenddifficulttopreventbecauseofthosecauseachaineffectonthestockmarketsoncehappen.Inrecentyears,thestockmarketsaresufferingtheirworstcrash,forinstance,theFederalReserveSystemunexpectedlyraisestheinterestrate,thegovernmentbondoftheEU,theBrexit,Chinasloweconomicgrowth...andsoon.Theeconomicstructureoftheglobalmarketbecomesfragile.ItcannotaccuratelypredicttheoccurrenceoftheBlackSwanEvents?,butmaypreparefortheminadvanceandtrytoreducethelosstoaminimumwhentheeventsreallyhappened.Therefore,thisstudymainlydiscussestheoccurrenceoftheBlackSwaneventsthatwillhavemuchinfluenceonthestockmarketinTaiwan.Accordingtothedifferenceoftypes,thisstudychoosestworepresentativeeventsasfinancialeventsandinternationaleventstocomparewith.And,toresearchhowlongtheseeventsneedtoberestoredcouldhelpandprovidemarketinvestorsareferenceforthefutureevents.ThestudyexaminesthesevenBlackSwanEventsthatoccurredbetween1997and2017,andexplorestheimpactoftheeventsonthestockmarketinTaiwan.WeverifythedifferentevidencesbyusingTAIEX,WeightedStockIndex-Electronic,OTCindex,andWeightedStockIndex-ElectronicintheOTC,respectively.Theempiricalresultsshowedthatwhenafinancialcrisisoccurs,itoftenhasanegativeimpactontheTaiwanstockmarket,andtheresponsetimeisusuallymorethanthreemonths,especiallytheelectronicstocksofTaiwan,thatimpactisgreaterthantheconventionalindustrystocksofTaiwan.Inthethreeinternationalmajorevents,twoeventsoftheBrexitandTrumpelectedhaveashort-termimpactonTaiwanstockmarket.Although911terroristattackshaveshort-termnegativeimpactonTaiwanstocks,theimpactoftimeisnotaslongasfinancialevents.Afterthreemonthsoftheincident,Taiwanstockshavesignificantlyrecover
Smart Investment Strategies with Industrial and Financial Factors-Evidence from Taiwan Stock Market
[[abstract]]本研究利用季財報及月財報中的財務因子,並依據台灣股票市場之產業類別,針對台灣股票市場之個股1997年1月至2017年4月間資料在季報與月報公佈日隔天進行投資。實證結果顯示,若以季財報來看,選取各產業別之市值最小的10支個股,且在第三季財報公佈後進場投資並持有一整季,可獲得較高的平均報酬。績效表現最好之前三名產業為通訊網路業、半導體業及資訊服務業,平均報酬分別為34.16%、25.73%與24.78%。月財報而言,則以各產業別之月營收成長率大於20%,在二、三月財報公佈後進場投資且持有期間為二十天,可獲得較高的平均報酬。績效表現最好之前三名產業為水泥業、玻璃業及通訊網路業,其平均報酬分別為15.12%、10.59%、10.32%。另外,先由流動性篩選後再建立投資組和的模式進行研究。首先,剔除淨值小於10與未調整股價小於10元後,依據成交量分為兩種情況,將成交量小於1,000張剔除及小於500張剔除做為個股流動性篩選指標,再依產業別及財務因子建立之投資組合。其中,整體績效表現最好的情境為剔除成交量小於500張後,以區分產業後將最差的十個平均預測報酬產業去除之投資組合,其年化報酬為20.77%;不分產業之投資組合年化報酬為17.21%。因此,得知以區分產業作為投資組合之策略為佳。[[abstract]]Thisresearchusefinancialfactorswhichinthequarterlyandmonthlyfinancialreport.AccordingtotheindustryoftheTaiwanstockmarket,weexaminetheTaiwanstockmarketfromJanuary1997toApril2017.Thefirstdaystarttoinvestisfromthedayafterthequarterlyandmonthlyfinancialreportannounced.Theresultsshows,duringawholeseason,wecouldgetaveragereturnifwechoosethetenstockswhichhavetheminimummarketvalueandstarttoinvestwhenthethirdseasonquarterlyreportannounced.Theperformanceofthebestthreeindustriesarecommunicationsandinternetindustry(34.16%),semiconductorindustry(25.73%),andinformationserviceindustry(24.78%).Accordingtothemonthlyfinancialreport,wecouldgetexcessreturnifwestarttoinvestfromthedayaftertheFebruaryandMarchfinancialreportannounced,durationintwentydays.Theperformanceofthebestthreeindustriesarecementindustry(15.12%),glassandceramicindustry(10.59%),communicationsandinternetindustry(10.32%).Weconsiderthestockfluiditythenwecreatedtheportfolio.First,eliminatethestockwhichthenetvalueandstockpricebelowNT$10.Second,taketradingvolumewhichisunder1000and500asadirection.Last,wecreatedtheportfoliowithindustrycategoryandfinancialfactors.Inthisevent,theportfoliowithbestperformanceis,eliminatethetradingvolumeunder500,andeliminatetheworsttenanticipatedreturnafterwedistinguishindustries.Afterdistinguishingindustries,theannualizedreturnis20.77%.Theannualizedreturnofundistinguishedindustriesis17.21%.Therefore,thebeststrategyistocreateportfoliowithdistinguishedindustries
The Constitutional Review on Restriction of the Practice Location for Pharmacists
[[abstract]]科技日益發展與國民健康知識的提升,使臺灣醫療品質不斷受重視,醫藥分業推行後,醫療體系分工更臻明確,「看病找專科醫師;吃藥找厝邊藥師」,使藥師的專業角色之社會地位受到重視,藥師專任責任及藥師之中間專業義務等,具體實現於藥師法第11條規定係屬重要立法目的。人民之工作權為憲法第15條規定所保障,其內涵包括人民選擇職業之自由。人民之職業與公共福祉有密切關係,故對於從事一定職業應具備之資格或其他要件,於符合憲法第23條規定之限度內,得以法律或法律明確授權之命令加以限制。法律對職業自由之限制,因其內容之差異,在憲法上有寬嚴不同之容許標準。關於從事工作之方法、時間、地點等執行職業自由,立法者為追求公共利益,且採行之限制手段確屬必要者,始符合憲法第23條比例原則之要求。藥師法第11條規定:「藥師經登記領照執業者,其執業處所應以一處為限。」未於不違反該條立法目的之情形下,或有重大公益或緊急情況之需要時,設必要合理之例外規定,已對藥師執行職業自由形成不必要之限制,有違憲法第23條比例原則,與憲法第15條保障工作權之意旨相牴觸。實務上,2011年4月1日衛署醫字第1000007247號函限制兼具藥師及護理人員資格者,其執業場所應以同一處所為限,違反憲法第23條法律保留原則。國家有保障人民基本權之義務,為達保障國民健康為目的,國家得對工作權加以限制,但為求符合比例原則而加入合理之例外規定,必須建構良好的報備支援制度,以調和國民健康與藥師工作權之扞格。本研究以司法院釋字第711號解釋為中心,蒐集、整理相關文獻資料,逐步探討,研究現行法制下可能產生之問題及其相應之解決方法。[[abstract]]Thequalityofhealthcareserviceshasattractedmoreandmoreattentionbecauseofthedevelopmentoftechnologyandtheenhancementofpublichealthknowledge.Taiwanhasimplementedtheseparationsystemofdispensingfromprescriptionsince1997.Andthenthestatusoftheprofessionalroleofpharmacistsandthefunctionofthecommunitypharmacyarepromoted.Thebriefdefinitionofthe“SeparationofPrescribingandDispensing”issimplythat“thedoctorsfilluptheprescriptionsandthepharmacistsfollowthedispensations”."Pharmacistfull-timeresponsibility"isaconcreteimplementationofthe"pharmacist'sintermediateprofessionalobligations,"whichisanimportantlegislativepurposeofArticle11ofPharmacistsAct.Thepeople’srighttoworkisprotectedbyArticle15oftheConstitution.Itincludeswithinitsmeaningthepeople’sfreedomtochoosetheiroccupation.Asthepeople’soccupationiscloselyrelatedwiththepublicwelfare,thequalificationsorotherrequirementsforengagementinspecificoccupationsmaybedefinedbylaworbyordinancesissuedbyspecificauthorizationoflawtotheextentprescribedbyArticle23oftheConstitution.Article15oftheConstitutionprovidesthatpeople’srightofworkshouldbeprotected.Itscontentincludespeople’sfreedomofoccupation.Ifalawimposesobligationsonpeopleforcertainoccupations,itisarestrictiononsuchfreedom.Statutoryrestrictionsonfreedomofoccupationaresubjecttolooseorstrictconstitutionalstandardsdependingontheircontents.Withrespecttoexercisingthefreedomofoccupationintermsofmanner,timeandlocationofworking,legislatorshavestipulatedthatonlyinthecaseofpursuingpublicinterestsandwherearestrictivemeasureisstrictlynecessarysuchrestrictionmeetstherequirementsofthePrincipleofProportionalityunderArticle23oftheConstitution.Article11ofthePharmacistsActprovidesthat“apharmacistwhohasregisteredtopracticeshallpracticeatonlyonesinglelocation.”SuchprovisiondoesnotconstituteanecessaryreasonableexceptioninasituationwherethepharmacistdoesnotviolatethelegislativepurposeoftheArticle,orwherethereisaneedduetovitalpublicinterestsoremergency,imposesunnecessaryrestrictionsonpharmacistsexercisingthefreedomofoccupation,violatesthePrincipleofProportionalityofArticle23undertheConstitution,conflictswiththeintentofArticle15oftheConstitutionsafeguardingtherightofwork.TheLetterof1April2011No.1000007247issuedbytheExecutiveYuan,DepartmentofHealth,limitingthepracticelocationofapharmacistwhoisalsoqualifiedasaregisterednursetothesamelocation,violatesthePrincipleofStatutoryReservationunderArticle23oftheConstitutionandshallnolongerbeapplieduponthepublicationofthisInterpretation.Moreover,itistheobligationofaGovernmenttoensurethefundamentalrightsofthecitizens.Forthepurposeofsafeguardingnationalhealth,thecurrentpharmacistlawrestrictstherighttoworkofpharmacists.However,Theadditionoftheregulationsonreasonablemattersasexceptionstocomplywiththeprinciplesofproportionality.Atthesametime,theGovernmentshouldestablishasoundsystemforpriorpermission.AndtheGovernmentshouldreconciletheconflictbetweentheprinciplesofnationalhealthandtherighttoworkofpharmacists.ThisstudywillfocusontheJudicialYuanInterpretationNo.711,followingthestepsabovetocollectandmakeareviewofrelatedliteraturetofindoutlegalissuesoftherighttoworkanddiscussionofpharmacistpracticingoutsidethepractitionerspremises,andprovidesomepracticalsolutions
The Study on Development of Surgical Lights Module for LED Source
[[abstract]]鹵素燈源有高熱能、高耗能,以及光線中包含熱輻射等問題,隨著全球環保意識抬頭,LED光源亦逐漸應用於各大醫療照明設備上,然而LED光源擁有高指向性等問題,造成應用於反射式燈具的困難度提高許多,因此目前市面上以投射式LED手術燈具為大宗,但投射式手術燈具必須使用大量LED光源,才得以達到照度需求,以至於無法解決傳統手術燈具之耗能問題。為了解決鹵素燈源之問題,並突破以往LED手術燈具之設計方式,減少使用大量LED光源,改善光斑不均勻與鬼影之現象,因此,本研究目的為開發一套LED手術燈模組,應用於DomeLUX6200鹵素燈源反射式手術燈具上,其中選用COBLED作為模組光源,且運用幾何光學定律,設計準直反射杯、球面透鏡以及第一反射鏡等二次光學元件與之配合,並匯入於LightTools照明系統設計模擬軟體,探討在目標平面上其光線分佈情形,並進一步將二次光學元件優化,最後根據研究結果將模組實體化,並進行實體量測與模擬量測值比對,完成LED手術燈模組開發,使得可在距離於燈具1,000mm之目標平面上,光斑呈現圓形直徑200mm,照度值趨近於100,000Lux,並符合外科手術燈具IEC60601-2-41:2000之規範,且與鹵素燈源相比,本研究可減少50%以上之耗能。[[abstract]]Halogenlampshaveissueswithhighheatenergy,high-energyconsumptionandheatradiationinthelight.Withtheriseofglobalenvironmentalawareness,LEDlightsaregraduallyappliedtoallkindsofmedicalilluminatedequipment.However,LEDlightsourcehasahighdirectivityandotherissues,resultingthedifficultiesinapplyingintoreflectivelamps.Currently,majorityofLEDsurgicallightsareprojection-typedinthemarket.Energyconsumptionissueontraditionalsurgicallightsisinextricabilityduetothefactthisprojection-typesurgicallightsrequirealargequantityofLEDlightsinordertocomplywiththeilluminationrequirements.TosolvetheproblemofhalogenlampsandtobreakthroughthedesignfrompreviousLEDsurgicallights,alsotoreducetheusageoflargeamountofLEDlightsandtoimprovethephenomenonofunevenlightspotandghosting.Therefore,thepurposeofthisresearchiswastodevelopaLEDsurgicallightmoduleandapplytoreflection-typeofDomeLUX6200halogenlamp.COBLEDlightswereutilizedinthisresearchandappliedGeometricalOpticsintodesigningSecondaryopticalelements.ThedesignconsistsofCollimatorreflectioncup,sphericallensandprimaryreflector.ToinvestigatethedistributionoflightonthetargetplanebytheLightTools,thesimulatesoftwareofilluminationsystem,andtooptimizethecomponentsofsecondaryopticsfurthermore.Lastly,modulematerializationwasbasedontheresultsofthisresearch,andcomparedbothentityandsimulationmeasurementstocompleteLEDsurgicallightmoduledevelopment.NotonlytheproductcomplieswithIEC60601-2-41:2000standard,itproducesthelightspotdiameterof200mmwithilluminationclosedto100,000Luxwhenprojectingtotargetplaneatthedistanceof1,000mm.Thisresearchdemonstratedmorethanfiftypercentofenergyconsumptioncouldbereducedcomparedwithhalogenlamps
The Evidence of Connection between Taiwan and South East Countries - Vector Autoregression Analysis
[[abstract]]政府自1990年代開始推動南向政策,鼓勵台商海外投資,以降低台灣對中國大陸經濟活動往來的互動,我國與東協六個主要國家(例如星、馬、泰、印等)出口已經於2010年開始取代美國,成為我國第二大出口市場。國內生產毛額(GDP)決策者採用經濟成長的目標之一,經濟成長指標是否可以計量經濟模型來探討台灣與東南亞各國的聯動性?本研究採用時間序列的計量統計,對六國實質GDP-台灣、馬來西亞、印尼、泰國、新加坡、菲律賓進行分析。研究方法採單根檢定(unitroottest)、共整合檢定、衝擊反應函數、預測誤差變異數分析和因果關係檢定,了解台灣與東南亞各國之間的實證關係。單根檢定的統計方法採ADF和PP檢定,實證結果是所有時間序列資料皆為非定態,實質GDP取對後,經過一階差分PP檢定結果為定態;以各國經濟成長率為變數進行單根PP檢定確定所有變數即為定態,不需再經差分即為定態。針對一階差分變數進行共整合檢定結果,採用軌跡檢定及SBIC準則選擇落後2期而實證一組共整合向量,並在VECM(2)模型分析中,研究顯示新加坡對台灣的預測誤差解釋程度大約26.6%,其餘國家解釋強度依序分別為印尼(3.75%)、馬來亞西(3.53%)、菲律賓(0.74%)和泰國(0.58%);而利用實質GDP取對實採Granger因果關係檢定結果得知在台灣會Granger影響菲律賓&印尼;泰國&新加坡Granger影響台灣;台灣與馬來西亞互為因果關係。另外在VAR(2)模型中,研究顯示預測20期,瞭解當台灣經濟成長率受到一單位標準差的衝擊時,衝擊反應函數受到新加坡、馬來西亞、泰國正向影響逐漸趨向收斂狀態,其中以台灣受新加坡衝擊反應程度最大;菲律賓和印尼則震盪幅度較小,但反應期數略有不同;反外利用各國經濟成長率的Granger因果關係檢定得出台灣會Granger影響泰國、馬來西亞和印尼;新加坡、菲律賓會Granger影響台灣(RTW)。[[abstract]]TaiwangovernmenthasbeenpromotingSouthwardPolicysince1990andNewSouthboundPolicyin2016tocementtradetieswithASEANmembersandreducethebusinessactivitieswithChina.Singapore,Malaysia,Thailand,Indonesia,PhilippinesandIndonesia,thesixmajorcountriesofASEAN,replacedU.S.A.andhavebeingthesecondbigexportmarketofTaiwansince2010.GrossDomesticProduct(GDP)oftenwastreatedbygovernmentasoneofthegoalofeconomicgrowth.TimeseriesmodelusedtoresearchandanalyzeeachRealGDPofTaiwan,Malaysia,Indonesia,Thailand,SingaporeandPhilippinestoseeifanyeconomicgrowthindictor,i.e.GDP,couldbeusedtodemonstrateandexploretherelevancebetweenTaiwanandSoutheastAsiancountries.Unitroottest,Johansenco-integrationtest,impulseresponsefunction,estimateerrorvariancedecomposition,andGrangercausalityanalysesareusedBasedonADFtestandPPtest,alltherealGDPseriesarecharacterizedbythepresenceofunitroots,butthefirstdifferencesofrealGDPshowsabsenceofunitrootbasedonPPtest.TheGDPgrowthratetimeseriesdemonstrateabsenceofunitroot.JohansentestofrealGDPchangedtologvariablesaretestedbytracetestwiththebestestimatedlagorderselectioncriteria–SBICandindicatetheexistenceofoneco-integratingvectoratthe5%level.BasedonVECM(2),thevariancedecompositionofTaiwanrealGDPshowsaround26.6%toSingapore,3.75%toIndonesia、3.53%toMalaysia、0.74%toPhilippinesand0.58%toThailand.Astheresultsofcausalrelationship,TaiwandoeshavegrangercausePhilippineandIndonesia.SingaporeandThailand.canbehavinggrangercauseTaiwan.CausalityrelationshipexistsbetweenTaiwanandMalaysia.ThemodelofeconomicgrowthraterevealstobeaVAR(2).EmpiricalresultsshowimpulseresponseofGDPgrowthraterevealspositivebySingapore、MalaysiaandThailandtilllongtermstableequilibriumeconomicrelation,especiallySingapore.ForPhilippineandIndonesia,theimpulseresponseofGDPgrowthraterevealssmallermagnitude,buttheresponseperiodsaredifferent.Finally,thegrangercausalityshowTaiwandoeshavegrangercausalThailand、MalaysiaandIndonesia
The Factors Affecting Short-Term Claims of Accident And Health Insurance:An Example From C Company
[[abstract]]近年來,隨著教育程度及知識水準的提高,保險的觀念也逐漸被大眾所接受,更多人選擇以保險來做為風險的轉移及保障規劃。然而,醫療險在保險公司一直是理賠支出頗重的一部份,尤其短期出險更是保險公司最不樂見的情況。本研究依據C壽險公司於1981年至2012年之理賠出險保戶共3220筆資料作為研究對象,探討意外及健康險短期出險之因素,分析並討論影響短期出險因素之關係,利用Logistic迴歸模型預測及分析,探討變數為自變數有性別、年齡、保費繳別、體檢別、理賠原因、主約及附約之種類。並經由實證發現影響其正負相關之討論,希望本研究對保險公司在意外及健康險短期出險這方面,能反映出在影響的變數下,於實務上可以達到預防風險之效果,提供壽險公司核保的危險選擇及理賠風險管理之參考,期望能夠杜絕不當的理賠及防止道德危險,達到保險公司收支平衡及穩健的績效。[[abstract]]Inrecentyears,withtheeducationlevelandthelevelofknowledgetoimprovetheconceptofinsurancehasgraduallybeenacceptedbythepublic,morepeoplechoosetotakeinsuranceasariskoftransferandprotectionplanning.However,medicalinsuranceintheinsurancecompanyhasbeenaconsiderablepartoftheclaims,especiallyshort-terminsuranceisthemostuncomfortableinsurancecompanies.Basedonthe3220dataofCcompanyfrom1981to2012,thisstudyexploresthefactorsofshort-termriskofaccidentandhealthinsurance,analyzesanddiscussestherelationshipbetweenshort-termriskfactors,andusesLogisticregressionmodeltopredictAndanalysis,toexplorethevariablesfortheindependentvariableshavesex,age,premiumpayment,physicalexamination,claimsreasons,themaincontractandthetypeofattachment.Anditishopedthatthisstudywillreflecttheshort-termriskofaccidentsandhealthrisksininsurancecompanies,anditcanreflecttheeffectofriskpreventiononthebasisofthevariablesthataffecttherisk.Insuranceriskselectionandclaimsriskmanagementofthereference,expecttoputanendtoimproperclaimsandtopreventmoralhazard,toachievetheinsurancecompanybalanceofpaymentsandsoundperformance
Factors Affecting Depression of Middle-Aged and Elderly in Taiwan
[[abstract]]紙本論文延後公開至2022年08月02日止[[abstract]]紙本論文延後公開至2022年08月02日