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Study of Competency Requirements of Building Site Managers
No full text[[abstract]]營建業屬於專業工項多、勞力密集的行業。尤其是建築工程，工地遍佈各地，涉及的行業眾多，故不易管理。建築工程的專案組織中工地主任是現場第一線的管理者。其執掌除了內業工作外，還須管控外業工作，並與業主、主管機關、分包商及其他專業人員聯絡溝通。因此要能勝任工地主任職務應具備足夠的技術知識和經驗，及整合與管理能力，以確保順利完工。本研究對國內建築工程工地主任職能需求進行探討，研究方法使用問卷調查。首先經由文獻回顧擬定各面向因子以設計問卷，再邀請建築工程從業人員填答。問卷主要就營建署工地主任班的各類課程對工地主任職能所需，以及工地主任所需的各類職務性向，由受訪者填答其認知的重要程度。本研究對問卷所得資料進行信度檢驗、敘述性統計、與群組差異檢驗等資料分析。結果顯示，受訪者認為工地主任班課程中以「工程圖說判識及介面整合相關課程」最為重要，第二重要為「測量及放樣相關課程」；而各職務性向需求中則以「溝通與協調」最為重要。[[abstract]]Theconstructionindustryisalabor-intensivesectorthatinvolvesmanyspecializedtasks.Inparticular,managementofbuildingconstructionisdifficultbecauseprojectsitesscatterwidelyandmanyskillsarerequired.Amongthemembersofaprojectteam,thesitemanageristhefront-linemanager.Inadditiontoofficework,thesitemanagerneedstosuperviseon-siteconstructionandcommunicatewiththeowner,regulatingauthorities,subcontractors,andotherprofessionals.Therefore,aqualifiedsitemanagershouldpossesssufficienttechnicalknowledgeandexperience,aswellasmanagementabilitiestoensureasmoothcompletionoftheproject.ThisstudyinvestigatescompetencyrequirementsofbuildingconstructionsitemanagersinTaiwanandusesaquestionnairesurvey.First,basedonaliteraturereview,factorsinvariousaspectswereidentifiedforquestionnairedesign,andthenprofessionalsintheconstructionindustrywereinvitedtoparticipateinthesurvey.ThequestionnaireismainlyaboutthetrainingcoursesprovidedtheConstructionandPlanningAgencymeetingthecompetencyneedsofbuildingsitemanagersandthejobabilitiesrequiredbythem,whichareansweredbyrespondentsaccordingtotheperceivedimportance.Thecollecteddatawasthentestedforreliability,andanalyzedwithdescriptivestatisticsandtestsofdifferenceinmeansbetweengroups.Theresultsshowthat,amongthecourses,therespondentsconsider“Interpretationofconstructiondrawingsandinterfacemanagement”tobemostimportant,followedby“Constructionsurveyingandlayouts”,whileamongtheabilities,themostimportantonewasfoundtobe“Communicationandcoordination.
Development, Prediction and Regression Analysis of Seismic Performance for Buildings
No full text[[abstract]]本研究先開發基於NCREE耐震評估法與MidasGen商用結構分析程式之耐震評估輔助程式MidasGenAp，再應用所開發之耐震評估輔助程式，進行單邊走廊廊外有柱、無柱與雙邊走廊廊外有柱、無柱等四種典型校舍情況之耐震能力詳細評估分析。典型校舍耐震能力詳細評估分析時，考慮6個可能影響耐震性能之因子，每個因子由小到大考慮4個水準，利用正交實驗設計每一典型校舍分析32種組合因子情況之側推分析。再依據每一側推分析容量曲線結果，考慮不同地盤種類、震區短週期與一秒週期之設計水平譜加速度係數之15種組合，計算15種性能目標地表加速度Ap。將典型校舍各種分析情況之耐震性能目標地表加速度Ap結果，進行統計與迴歸分析後，歸納出影響典型校舍耐震性能之因子，按其重要性依序為：1F柱之總斷面積與總樓地板面積之比值、1F柱斷面平行於短向與平行於長向柱寬度之比值、1F柱平均鋼筋比、1F柱於長向使用箍筋量與間距之比值、柱鋼筋降伏強度、混凝土28天抗壓強度，其中屬於材料強度的因子對典型校舍耐震性能之影響甚微，幾乎可以忽略不考慮；同時得到典型校舍耐震性能目標地表加速度Ap之速算公式，供典型校舍耐震能力初步評估參考使用，該公式與現行典型校舍耐震能力初步評估IS法比較，具有計算快速且結果以耐震性能目標地表加速度Ap表示較為直觀之優點。[[abstract]]ThisresearchisfirstlytodevelopaseismaticevaluationauxiliaryprogramMidasGenApbasedonNCREEaseismaticevaluationmethodandMidasGencommercialstructureanalyticalprocedure,andthentocarryoutdetailedaseismaticcapacityevaluationanalysisoffourtypicalschoolbuildings,includingunilateralcorridorwithorwithoutcolumnoutsidecorridor,orbilateralcorridorwithorwithoutcolumns.6factorsthatmayinfluencetheaseismaticcapacityand4levelsofeachfactorareconsideredinthedetailedevaluationoftheaseismaticcapacity.Designeachtypicalschoolbuildingwithorthogonalexperiment;carryouthorizontalthrustanalysisforthe32typesofcombinationfactors,andthencalculate15typesofperformanceobjectivegroundaccelerationApaccordingtoeachhorizontalthrustanalysiscapacitycurveresultandconsideringthe15typesofcombinationsofdifferentsitesoilprofile,seismiczonespectralresponseaccelerationinshortperiodor1secondperioddesignlevelspectrumaccelerationfactor.AfterconductingstatisticsandregressionanalysisoftheaseismaticperformanceobjectivegroundaccelerationApresultforvarioustypicalschoolbuildinganalysis,thefactorsthatinfluencetypicalschoolbuilding，saseismaticperformancecanbeconcludedasfollowingbyimportance:ratiooftotal1Fcolumnsectionalareatototalfloorarea,ratioof1Fcolumncross-sectionparallelingtohorizontalwidthtolatitudinalwidth;1Fcolumnaveragereinforcementratio,ratioof1Fcolumnlatitudinalstirrupquantitytospacing,columnreinforcingsteelbaryieldstrengthandconcrete28dayscompressivestrength,itisfoundthatmaterialstrengthfactorshavelittleinfluenceonthetypicalschoolbuilding’saseismaticperformanceandalmostcanbeignored;meanwhile,therapidcalculatingformulaofthetypicalschoolbuilding’saseismaticperformanceobjectivegroundaccelerationApcanbeobtainedforthetypicalschoolbuilding’saseismaticcapacitypreliminaryevaluationreference.Comparingwithcurrenttypicalschoolbuilding’saseismaticcapacitypreliminaryevaluationISmethod,thisformulahasthecharacteristicsoffastcalculationandintuitionisticresultexpressedwithaseismaticperformanceobjectivegroundaccelerationAp
Service quality and the use of APP call awareness of customer satisfaction and customer loyalty of the study
No full text[[abstract]]近年來隨著智慧型手機的迅速發展，APP應用程式也隨之興起，各行各業都開始進行APP應用程式的開發，希望藉著APP軟體的服務，更穩固自己在產業中的地位或是開發新的市場，所以許多產業的服務模式也漸漸在改變，就連計程車產業也開始轉型，消費者從傳統的路邊招車、電話叫車到現今已發展成為智慧手機叫車；Uber就是APP叫車服務的計程車業者。在電信業者的積極行銷的刺激，行動科技不斷的進步下，行動裝置中的應用程式，更跟隨著一起發展及創新，而APP叫車服務之應用程式也在發展創新之行列中。因此，傳統計程車的叫車服務及載客的模式不得不正視這股潮流。以目前在台灣占有計程者業者領導地位的台灣大車隊為例，雖然擁有良好的車隊品牌形象及忠實搭乘乘客，但是自從其推出APP叫車服務後，利用此行動裝置應用程式來叫車的乘客，在三年內仍不斷的成長已有三倍之多。而目前在台灣地區的乘客，對於行動裝置APP叫車服務的使用率及滿意度都高達六成，隨著行動網際網路的發展，未來勢必會持續創造更高的服務品質及使用率。台灣計程車產業目前不僅面對著，北、中及南部的大眾交通運輸系統，如捷運和BRT通車營運的威脅以外，現在更因為每人都持有智慧型行動裝置，所以APP應用程式也如雨春筍般的出現，而叫車服務的APP也因此隨之興起，更因此而創建出新的且更具威脅性的直接競爭業者Uber；這對於計程車業者而言，則需要花費更多心力，思索營運策略以及改善對顧客服務的品質。因此，唯有確實瞭解乘客的需求與其重視的因素，因應潮流發展科技，提供適切的服務品質，才能獲得顧客的滿意與喜愛，創造顧客忠誠度。[[abstract]]Inrecentyears,withtherapiddevelopmentofsmartphones,APPapplicationalsowillrise,businessesarebeginningtodeveloptheapplicationofAPP,APPhopethatthroughsoftwareservices,ormoretosecuretheirpositionintheindustry'sdevelopmentthenewmarket,manyindustryservicemodelisalsograduallychanging,eventhetaxiindustryalsobegantotransitionconsumershailingfromthetraditionalsideoftheroad,calledthecarphonetosmartphonetodayhasdevelopedintoacab;UberiscalledAPPCarservicetaxiindustry.Stimulateactivemarketingofthecarriers,continuetoprogressundertheactiontechnology,mobiledeviceapplications,togetherwiththedevelopmentandwithmoreinnovation,andAPPapplicationcalledthecarserviceisalsodevelopingintheranksofinnovation.Therefore,themodelcalledthecarserviceandtaxipassengertraditionhadtofacethistrend.PresentinTaiwanoccupiesthemeter'sindustryleadingTaiwanTaxi,forexample,thoughtheyhaveagoodfleetofbrandimageandfaithfullytakepassengers,butsinceitslaunchAPPTaxi,takeadvantageofthismobileapptocallthecarPassengers,whohavecontinuedtogrowthreetimesoverthreeyears.Atpresent,passengersTaiwan,APPformobiledevicescalledthecarserviceutilizationandsatisfactionareuptoLiuCheng,withthedevelopmentofmobileInternet,thefutureisboundtocontinuetocreateahigherqualityofserviceandusage.Taiwantaxiindustryisnotonlyfacedwith,otherthanpublictransportsystemnorth,andsouth,suchasthethreatofMRTandBRTtrafficoperationsnowholdmorebecauseallsmartmobiledevicesperperson,soasAPPAPPalsorainbambooshootsappear,andcalledthecarserviceofAPPandthereforewillrise,butmoresotocreateanewandmorethreateningindirectcompetitionwiththeindustryUber;whichforthetaxiindustryareconcerned,ittakesmoreeffort,Thinkingaboutoperationalstrategiesandimprovingthequalityofcustomerservice.Therefore,onlytoreallyunderstandtheneedsofpassengersandtheirattentionfactors,inresponsetothetrendofthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,toprovideappropriatequalityofserviceinordertoobtaincustomersatisfactionandlove,tocreatecustomerloyalty
The Relationship Between Investor Attention and Market Efficiency：Evidence from Single Stock Futures
No full text[[abstract]]本研究首次以投資人注意力來探討其對資訊傳遞的價格發現是否具有影響力。本文運用向量誤差修正模型檢定期貨與現貨之價格發現，以台灣個股期貨與標的現貨股票為研究標的，探討個股期貨與其現貨間價格發現的領先-落後關係，是否仍符合期貨市場價格領先的效率性，再加入Google搜尋量指數（SVI）當作投資人注意力的代理變數，進一步探究搜尋量，與價格發現的市場效率性之間的關聯性。實證結果發現台灣個股期貨不具價格發現的領先性，加入SVI後，投資人注意力會影響期貨市場的效率性，亦即當搜尋量越高時，代表投資人注意力越高，進而影響雜訊交易者的投資行為，產生個股期貨領先其現貨的結果，表示投資人注意力影響市場的效率性。[[abstract]]Thisresearchisaimedtoinvestigatetheeffectofinvestorattentiononpricediscoveryofinformationdeliveryinthestockfuturesmarket.ItemploystheVectorErrorCorrectionModeltoexaminethepricediscoveryoffuturesandspot.Thestudydiscusseswhetherthepricelead-lagrelationshipbetweensingle-stockfuturesandspotintermsofpricediscoveryconformstothepriceleadingefficiencyoffuturesmarket.Inaddition,thestudyadoptsGoogleSearchVolumeIndex(SVI)asaproxyvariableforinvestorattentionsoastofurtherexploretherelationshipbetweentheSVIandmarketefficiencyofpricediscovery.TheresultsoftheempiricalstudyshowthatTaiwansingle-stockfuturesdonottaketheleadinpricediscovery.However,aftertheadditionofSVI,investorattentionwillaffecttheefficiencyofsingle-stockfutures;thatis,thelargerthesearchvolumeis,themoreinvestor’sattentionbecome.Itfurtherinfluencestheinvestmentbehaviorofnoisetraders,leadingtothefactthatsingle-stockfuturespricewillbeaheadofitsspotprice,andindicatingtheimpactofinvestorattentiononmarketefficiency
A Study on the Relationship between Luxury Tax and Operating Performance of Building Material and Construction Industry
No full text[[abstract]]本研究運用成對t檢定以及無母數Wilcoxon符號等級檢定以檢視奢侈稅實施與停徵對於本國建材營造業之經營績效是否具顯著影響。衡量經營績效的指標則包括財務結構、償債能力、經營能力、獲利能力與現金流量分析。實證結果指出奢侈稅實施後，建材營造業之舉債程度有顯著增加，而建材營造業整體經營能力以及獲利能力有顯著降低情況。奢侈稅停徵對於建材營造業之舉債程度、償債能力、經營能力具負向影響，但影響並不顯著。而停徵奢侈稅對於建材業獲利能力則有顯著負面的影響。[[abstract]]Thisthesisusesthepairedsamplet-testandnonparametricWilcoxonsigned-ranktesttoexaminetheeffectofluxurytaximplementationandsuspensionontheoperatingperformanceofbuildingmaterialandconstructionindustry.Indicatorsofmeasuringtheoperatingperformanceincludefinancialstructure,solvency,operatingcapacity,profitabilityandcashflowanalysis.Empiricalresultsshowthatthedegreeofdebtissignificantlyincreased,andbothoperatingcapacityandprofitabilityaresignificantlydecreasedforthebuildingmaterialandconstructionindustryaftertheluxurytaximplementation.Furthermore,luxurytaxsuspensionhasanegativeeffectonthedebtlevel,solvency,operatingcapacityforthebuildingmaterialandconstructionindustry,buttheeffectisnotsignificant.Meanwhile,luxurytaxsuspensionhasasignificantlynegativeimpactonprofitability
The Thermal Decomposition of Corn Starch
No full text[[abstract]]粉塵爆炸是由於粉塵受熱至一定程度後發生分解，產生一定濃度的可燃性氣體，並與空氣均勻混合後，再遇上一足夠能量之火源即可形成。亦即粉塵的燃燒並非發生於粉塵本身，而是其加熱分解後所產生的可燃性氣體。粉塵爆炸中，除了可燃性氣體的燃燒上、下限外，其發生之動力來源—熱能，也是重要的因素及需要探討。粉塵於受熱分解過程中，當溫度高到某一程度才能造成粉塵的大量分解，即代表粉塵在該溫度之下才具有一定程度危險性。因此，在粉塵爆炸的過程中，能造成它大量分解的溫度為重要的探討方向。本研究在於探討玉米粉加熱過程所產生之物質與熱焓變化。研究為利用熱重分析儀(TGA)和高效能同步熱重焓分析儀鐘(DSC/TGA)，選擇等溫及動態升溫兩種模式將玉米粉進行加熱，觀察其質量損失、分解速率與溫度間之關係，以及熱量變化與分解之情形。並利用熱重分析儀連接傅立葉紅外線光譜儀(FTIR)，分析玉米粉經加熱而分解出之氣相產物組成，再利用傅立葉紅外線光譜儀之附件ATR分析經加熱後之玉米粉與其本身組成的差異。藉由這些分析之組合，以了解玉米粉加熱過程的裂解反應與本質組成之差異。最後對玉米粉化學反應之速率常數與溫度，運用ArrheniusEquation計算玉米粉的活化能。研究結果發現玉米粉於升溫過程中會有三階段之質量損失，其中質量損失較為劇烈的階段為270℃~320℃，此為玉米粉熱解的主要階段，造成玉米粉最後僅剩約25%之殘留質量。透過TGA-FTIR紅外線光譜分析後發現，玉米粉於該階段除大量二氧化碳與水氣外，另有C=O伸縮震動之物質釋出。藉由研究所得結果，可了解玉米粉經熱處理後之分解狀況、易燃性問題及爆炸成因。除了可為後續相關研究的參考外，更可運用於玉米粉塵環境的火災、爆炸風險評估及危害控制。[[abstract]]Dustexplosionsareformedbyflammablegaswhichdecomposebydustafterheatedtocertainextent,thenuniformlymixedwithairandignitedbyasourcewithsufficientenergy.Whichmeansthecombustionofdustoccursbyitsflammablegas,notdustitself.Besidesflammabilitylimitsofflammablegases,heatenergyisalsoanimportantfactorneedstoexploreindustexplosion.Whentemperaturegreaterthanacertainextentcancausealotofdustdecompositionduringtheheattreatmentprocessofdust,whichmeansthedustunderthathightemperatureconditionwillleadtoacertaindegreeoffireandexplosionrisk.Therefore,itisnecessarytoinvestigatethethermaldecompositionofdustfordustexplosion.Thisstudyistoinvestigatethechangesofmassandenergychangeofcornstarchintheprocessofgivingheattreatment.ChooseisothermalthermogravimetryanddynamicthermogravimetrymethodofThermogravimetricanalysis(TGA)andSimultaneousThermalAnalysis(DSC/TGA)toobservetherelationshipbetweenmassloss,decompositionrateandtemperature,andthechangeofheatanddecomposition.AlsousetheFourierTransformInfraredSpectroscopy(FTIR)toanalysisdecompositionproductsofcornstarchthenuseATR,theaccessoryofFTIR,toanalysisthedifferencebetweencornstarchitselfandafterbeingheated.Combinewiththeseanalysestoinvestigatethedifferencebetweenthecrackingreactionandtheessentialcompositionofthecornstarchduringheatingprocess.Finally,usingtheArrheniusEquationtocalculatetheactivationenergyofdecompositionofcornstarch.Theresultsshowsthatduringthermalprocesscornstarchwillhavethreestages’massloss,andthemainstageisabout270°C~320°Cwhichresultsitsmassabout25%remainsonly.Also,itisfoundthatcornstarchwilldecomposelargenumberofcarbondioxide,waterandC=Ostretchingvibrationreleasedduringthemainstage.Theresultcanbeusedinthefireandexplosionriskassessmentandhazardcontrolforthecircumstanceofexistencecorndust
The Current Status of Robo-Advisor
No full text[[abstract]]現今機器人理財已初步發展，金控集團與網路科技公司為增加市場佔有率，在同時和各家公司比拼速度與規模的競爭下，積極提供消費者更優質的新興科技服務。本研究將蒐集國內外機器人理財顧問相關研究報告，深入探討機器人理財如何運用數據科學、機器學習等方法，將科技與金融產業結合，排除傳統理專主觀思維因素並規避道德風險，摒除人為介入的因素，給予客戶投資組合的建議。機器人理財屬於創新商業模式，此模式將帶給金融業巨大影響，本研究探討國內外機器人理財顧問營運模式、實務發展經驗與規範，綜合比較各國與我國之差異，深入討論傳統理專與機器人理財相互合作下，結合彼此優勢創造獲利達成雙方發展共榮共存。[[abstract]]Robo-advisor,anemergingserviceprovidedbythefinancialholdingsandInternetcompanies,triestoactproactivelyandoffermoreinstantfinancialconsultancy.Within-depthadvisoryservice,thepublicenjoysthefastanddedicatedfinancialconsultancy;therefore,thistrendpotentiallybecomesoneofthekeyfocusesforfinancialholdingsandInternetcompaniestograbmoremarketshareinsuchanintensecompetitivefinancialworld.Acknowledgingthatpersonalfinancialconsultantsmightprovidetheirportfoliosuggestionbasedontheirsubjectivejudgmentandethicaldecision,inthisthesis,financialresearchesandpapersaboutrobotfinancialadvisorsathomeandabroadarecollectedandanalyzedforthepurposeoffindingouthowtocombinethelatestdatascienceandmachinelearning-togetherwiththetraditionalfinancialconsultancyandconstructthesuitableandcorrespondentfinancialportfolioforthepublic.TheriseofRobo-advisorbecomesoneofthekeyservicesforthefinancialholdings.Suchbrand-newbusinessmodelwillbringenormouseffectinthefinancialindustry;therefore,byanalyzingitsbusinessmodels,developmentplanandguideline,thisthesisiskeentofindoutthebestcollaborationbetweenthetraditionalfinancialconsultantandtheRobo-advisor
A study with value of utility ratio for the floors of High-end Housing
No full text[[abstract]]本研究以特徵價格法（hedonicpricemethod）為依據，建立大樓型高級住宅價格模型。依照模型的檢定結果，探討兩個概念：首先台北市高級住宅房價是否顯著影響到新北市、台中市及高雄市三都高級住宅房價？影響程度有多大？其次，探討高級住宅之低樓層、中樓層、高樓層及超高樓層區間價差是否會隨著屋齡的增加而有所影響？此外，嘗試建立不同屋齡範圍之樓層區間效用比率表。實證結果發現：一、以台北市為基準，其他三都之高級住宅總價皆低於台北市。二、高級住宅之新屋在土地移轉面積的影響上與總價呈現負相關。三、頂樓對房屋總價影響為負向關係。四、屋齡6-10年之樓層價差較0-5年之建物高。根據以上實證結果發現，在高級住宅市場中，四都房價還是以北部總價較高，越往南部價格越低。在樓層部分，頂樓及低樓層較不受到購屋者歡迎。而在容積率的充分利用下，造成高級住宅土地面積與總價呈現負相關。[[abstract]]Inthisresearch,theestablishmentofthehighclassresidentialhousingpricemodelisbasedonthehedonicpricemethod.Inaccordancewiththetestresultsofthemodel,weexplorethefollowingtwoconcepts.Firstly,weattempttoresearchwhetherthepricesofexclusiveresidentialhousinginTaipeiaffectthoseofinotherthreecities,namelyNewTaipei,TaichungandKaohsiung.Incaseitdoes,byhowmucharethepricesimpacted?Secondly,weexplorewhethertheageingofthehighclassresidentialbuildingshaveaninfluenceinpricingofthesebuildings.Todothisresearch,wecategorizedeachbuildingintothefollowingfourlevels:lowerfloors、middlelevelfloors、highlevelfloorsandabovehighlevelfloors.Inaddition,weconstruct“theutilityratetable”ofdifferentfloorswitharangeofhouseagesandtrytoestablishitsrelationship.Theempiricalresultsshow:1.TakingTaipeiCityasabenchmark,thetotalpriceofexclusiveresidentialhousinginallthethreeothercitiesarelowerthanthehousingpriceinTaipei.2.Thereisanegativecorrelationbetweenthesizeofpropertyownedandthefinalpriceofthehighclassproperty.3.Thereisalsoanegativecorrelationbetweenthetopfloorofthebuildinganditsprice.Basedontheaboveempiricalresults,inthemarketofexclusiveresidentialhousing,thehousingpriceisthehighestintheNorthandthepricesdropsthemoretothesouthwemove.Intermsofthefloorlevelofthehousing,thetopfloorandlowerfloorsarelesspreferableforhomebuyers.Therefore,tohavebetterpreservationofhousingvalue,higherfloorhousesinnorthernregionarefavorablewiththeexceptionofthetopfloor
Research on Safety Culture Characteristics of Contractors in Iron and Steel Manufacturing Industry
No full text[[abstract]]根據鋼鐵廠內部統計，鋼鐵廠協力商(以下簡稱協力商)的傷害件數約佔鋼鐵廠整體傷害件數的80%，這些協力商並不隸屬於鋼鐵廠所有，但協力商的安全績效在承攬管理中被歸納為鋼鐵廠之整體安全績效，近年來，鋼鐵廠積極推動塑造整體安全文化，執行自有人力安全文化促進成效評估，持續努力改變工安管理作為，積極辦理各項安全衛生活動，期許有效提升其鋼鐵廠整體安全文化，但往往忽略到最根本的職災源頭是來自於協力商員工，顯見為有效改善鋼鐵廠整體安全績效及降低鋼鐵廠的職災件數，應著手致力於提昇協力商安全衛生管理績效，強化協力商工安自主管理能力、實行協力商安全文化現況調查，並依調查結果提出安全衛生管理改善對策及作為未來推展各項安全活動之參考。本研究旨在以安全文化相關研究及?表向?為基礎，並參照勞動部勞動及職業安全衛生研究所「102年製造業安全文化診斷與輔導」計畫所發展之評量工具『安全文化促進成效評估』調查問卷內容，並結合營造業與製造業常用之安全文化向度內容加以修訂，以發展出符合其產業特性之安全文化特性研究問卷之架構進?問卷設計，透過問卷調查、統計分析並比較各安全文化向度之差異、相關及影響性，探討鋼鐵廠某工事協力廠商安全文化之現況，深入?解工事協力廠商在不同工作性質與不同工廠性質對於安全文化上的認知差?，協助工事協力商能從中建置組織主管及基層人員對安全文化上的共?，進而使人員於作業過程中，能時時反應出安全的工作態?及?為，達到工作零災害的終極目標[[abstract]]Accordingtothestatisticsofthesteelmills,thenumberofdamagecausedbythesteelcontractorsaccountsforabout80%ofthetotalnumberofdamagecausedbythesteelmills.Thesecontractorsarenotaffiliatedwiththesteelmills,butthesecurityperformanceofthecontractorsissummarizedinthecontractmanagementfortheoverallsafetyperformanceofsteelmills.Inrecentyears,steelmillshaveactivelypromotedtheoverallsafetyculture,theimplementationoftheirownsafetyculturetopromotetheeffectivenessoftheassessment,continuouseffortstochangethesafetymanagementasapositiveforthesafetyandhealthactivities,theeffectivepromotionofitsoverallsafetyculture,butoftenoverlookedTothemostfundamentalsourceofdisasterisfromthecommitmentofemployees,inordertoeffectivelyimprovetheoverallsafetyperformanceofsteelmillsandreducethenumberofsteelworkstations,shouldproceedtoenhancethecommitmenttosafetyandhealthmanagementperformance,andstrengthenthecommitmenttoself-managementCapacity,implementationofcontractorssafetyculturesurvey,andaccordingtothesurveyresultsproposedsafetyandhealthmanagementimprovementmeasuresandasafuturetopromotethesafetyactivitiesofthereference.Thepurposeofthisstudyisbasedonsafetyculture-relatedresearchandscaledimension,andwithreferencetothedevelopmentofthe"102-yearSafetyandCulturalDiagnosticsandCounselingofManufacturingSafety"programbytheLaborandOccupationalSafetyandHealthInstituteoftheMinistryofLabor.Andtorevisethecontentsofthequestionnairewiththesafetyandculturaldimensionscommonlyusedintheconstructionindustryandmanufacturingindustrytodevelopaquestionnairedesignedtodevelopasafetycultureassessmentquestionnaireinlinewithitsindustrialcharacteristics.Throughthequestionnairesurvey,statisticalanalysisandcomparisonofthesafetyculturetothedegreeofdifference,relevanceandimpact,toexploreasteelindustry,thestatusofasafetyculture,in-depthunderstandingofthenatureofthecontractorindifferentworkandthenatureofdifferentfactoriesforsafetycultureCognitivedifferences,toassistthecontractorfrombuildingtheorganizationinchargeofthegrassrootsandthesafetyofculturalconsensus,andthenmakethestaffinthecourseoftheoperation,canalwaysreflectthesafetyofworkattitudeandbehavior,toworktheultimategoalofzerodisaster
The effect of pH for the partial nitrification reactor of the ANAMMOX process
No full text[[abstract]]荷蘭Mulder於1955年發現氨氮化反應(ANAMMOX)，並隨後VandeGraaf等人以實驗證明厭氧反應的存在後，愈來愈多的研究顯示，以合併好養與厭氧氨氧的化移除氨氮的程序，和傳統硝化和脫硝方式比較，總移除率有很大的進步。本研究採某煉鋼廠的高濃度活性污泥，以連續流的反應槽，槽體5L，進行氨氧硝化的反應，混合液懸浮固體物3500mg/L，溶氧2mg/L，反應時間12小時，在藉由pH的控制，提高自由氨分子的濃度，觀察其硝化反應的變化。繼而探討植種污泥與亞酸化污泥的比攝氧率。研究結果顯示，在pH提高到8.3以上時，此時的自由氨分子理論的濃度為15mg/L，時會達到亞硝酸氮反應作用的結果；植種污泥與經硝化作用後的污泥，其對氨氮的抑制濃度，由100mg/L提高到150mg/L，進而發生抑制作用。[[abstract]]In1995,MulderdiscoveredthedisappearanceofammoniumattheexpenseofnitrateandnitrogenproductionfromtheirdenitrifyingpilotplantintheNetherlands,thenvandeGraafvenifiedanANAMMOXreactioninthelaboratory.Furtherstudiesthathaverevealedthecombinationofaerobicnitrificationandanaerobicammoniumoxidationismoreefficienttoremoveammoniathanmostconventionalmethods.Inthisstudy,ahighconcentrationofactivatedsludgefromasteelmillwasusedtocontinuouslyflowthereactiontank,thetank5L,Thereactiontimewas12hours.TheconcentrationoffreeammoniawasincreasedbythecontrolofpH,andthechangeofnitrificationreactionwasobserved.Andthentoexploretheplantsludgeandacidificationofthesludgethantheoxygenuptakerate.TheresultsshowthatwhenthepHisincreasedto8.3orhigher,theconcentrationoffreeammoniamoleculesatthistimeis15mg/L,whichwillresultinthereactionofnitritenitrogen.Theinhibitoryconcentrationofammonianitrogenfrom100mg/Lto150mg/L,andtheninhibited