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Smart healthcare services for detecting and predicting students' stress in higher education using artificial intelligence
No full textPredmet istraživanja ove doktorske disertacije je razvoj modela i servisa pametnog zdravstva
(smart healthcare) za merenje i predviđanje stresa studenata u visokoškolskom obrazovanju
korišćenjem metoda i tehnika veštačke inteligencije, kako bi se unapredio kvalitet obrazovnog
procesa u gotovo realnom vremenu (biofeedback). Cilj istraživanja je razviti metodološki
postupak, projektovati i implementirati servise pametnog zdravstva zasnovane na metodama i
tehnikama veštačke inteligencije, koji se mogu integrisati sa sistemom za e-učenje, koji
omogućuju efektivnu i brzu detekciju i predviđanje stresa studenata, kao podrške obrazovnom
procesu.
Anksioznost kod studenata u visokom obrazovanju je aktuelan problem, koji je dobio na
značaju od početka Covid-19 pandemije. Osim širih društvenih problema, uticaj na stres ili
anksioznost studenata imaju brojni faktori ponašanja poput ličnih osobina pojedinca, zatim
pušenja cigareta ili fizičke aktivnosti, kao i faktori vezani za obrazovno okruženje.
Metode veštačke inteligencije, specifično mašinskog učenja se često koriste za detekciju i
predviđanje stresa i anksioznosti. Mašinsko učenje se može koristiti kao efikasna tehnologija
koja može predvideti stres ili anksioznost studenata sa velikom preciznošću. Otkrivanje stresa
ili anksioznosti u ranim fazama je ključno za kliničke postupke kako bi se poboljšala
atmosfera u društvu, posebno među studentkinjama. Ova disertacija ima za cilj da predvidi
anksioznost studenata koristeći algoritme mašinskog učenja obezbeđujući relevantne povratne
informacije. Ovo istraživanje takođe teži da proceni i poboljša preciznost detektovanja stresa i
anksioznosti specifično kod studentkinja sa intervencijom tri ključne karakteristike: pušenje
cigareta, fizička aktivnost i njihovu prosečnu ocena na studijama koristeći algoritme i funkcije
mašinskog učenja.
U istraživanju su učestvovali studenti sa Univerziteta u Beogradu. Učesnici su ispunili
standardni upitnik poznat kao Inventar anksioznosti osobina i stanja (STAI). Podaci su
analizirani primenom algoritma linearne regresije, višestruke linearna regresija, KNN, k-
means. Ispitani su faktori korelacije i validnost razvijenog modela. Rezultati pokazuju da
pušenje cigareta, fizička aktivnost, i prosečna ocena tokom studiranja utiču na stres kod
studenata. Identifikovana su dva klastera anksioznosti kod studentkinja, pokazujući
karakteristike koje su u stanju da detektuju anksioznost kod studentkinja sa velikom
preciznošću.The research subject of this doctoral dissertation is the development of smart healthcare models and services for measuring and predicting student stress in higher education using artificial intelligence methods and techniques, in order to improve the quality of the educational process in near real-time (biofeedback). The goal of the research is to develop a methodological procedure, and propose smart healthcare services based on artificial intelligence methods and techniques, which can be integrated with the e-learning system, and enable effective and quick detection and prediction of student stress, as support for the educational process.
Anxiety among students in higher education is a topical problem, which has gained special importance since the beginning of the Covid-19 pandemic. In addition to broader social issues, the stress or anxiety of students are influenced by numerous behavioral factors such as the individual's characteristics, smoking cigarettes or physical activity, as well as aspects related to the educational environment.
Artificial intelligence methods, specifically machine learning, are often used to detect and predict stress and anxiety. Machine learning can be used as an effective technology that accurately predicts students' stress or anxiety. Detecting stress or anxiety in the early stages is crucial for clinical procedures to improve the atmosphere in society, especially among female students. This dissertation aims to predict student anxiety using machine learning algorithms by providing relevant feedback. This research also aims to evaluate and improve the accuracy of detecting stress and anxiety specifically in female students with the intervention of three key characteristics: cigarette smoking, physical activity and their average grade in studies using algorithms and machine learning functions.
Students from the University of Belgrade participated in the research. Participants completed a standardized questionnaire known as the State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). The data were analyzed using the algorithm of linear regression, multiple linear regression, KNN, k-means. Correlation factors and validity of the developed model were examined. The results show that cigarette smoking, physical activity, and the average grade during studies influence stress in students. Two clusters of anxiety in female students were identified, showing characteristics that are able to detect anxiety in female students with high precision
Metoda simulacije velikih vrtloga za uticaje vetra u urbanim sredinama
No full textWind is a powerful natural force that presents both challenges and opportunities in urban
environments. The layout of streets and the geometry of buildings shape complex flow patterns.
This dissertation explores how these patterns impact urban wind energy harvesting and wind
loading on high-rise buildings, offering insights for sustainable urban planning and design.
Two approaches can be employed to study wind flow: experimental and numerical. This
research focuses on the large-eddy simulation (LES) method, a leading high-precision numerical
technique, used to analyse wind flow around either an isolated high-rise building or a cluster
of five. Existing wind tunnel tests are employed to validate the numerical simulations. The
research examines two wind angles (0°/45°) and two roof types (flat/decked).
Findings on urban wind energy reveal that decked roofs offer a higher potential of wind energy
than flat ones, as they stabilise flow and create high-speed, low-turbulence zones. In building
clusters, interference effects may enhance wind energy potential. Regarding turbine type,
vertical-axis wind turbines prove to be optimal.
For wind loading, a validation framework for LES-based peak pressure predictions is proposed.
Uncertainty analysis from 11-hour experimental data confirms that shorter LES durations
(e.g., 25 min) reliably capture peak pressures. Statistical analysis identifies the Gumbel method
as more reliable than the peaks-over-threshold approach. Discrepancies between LES and
experimental results near upwind roof corners highlight the need for case-specific validation.
LES is confirmed as an effective method for simulating urban wind flow. Future work should
refine geometry, expand to complex settings, and improve peak pressure estimation. An
essential step forward in LES modelling is the development of official guidelines for creating
and validating simulations.Ветар је моћна природна сила која представља изазове, али и могућности у урбаним
срединама. Распоред улица и геометрија зграда обликују сложене обрасце тока ветра.
Ова дисертација истражује како ти обрасци утичу на убирање енергије ветра у урбаним
срединама и оптерећење ветром на високе зграде, пружајући смернице за одрживо
урбанистичко планирање и дизајн.
За проучавање струјања ветра могу се користити два приступа: експериментални и
нумерички. Ово истраживање се фокусира на методу симулације великих вртлога (LES),
високо-прецизну нумеричку технику, примењену на проучавање тока ветра око високих
зграда, било изолованих или у кластеру од пет. Постојећа испитивања у аеротунелу се
користе за валидацију нумеричких симулација. Анализирају се два угла ветра (0°/45°) и
два типа крова (раван/закошен).
Резултати указују да закошени кровови имају већи потенцијал енергије ветра од равних,
јер стабилизују ток и стварају зоне велике брзине са ниском турбуленцијом. У кластерима,
утицај суседних објеката може додатно повећати енергетски потенцијал. Такође, као
најпогодније су се показале ветротурбине са вертикалном осом.
За оптерећење ветром, предложен је оквир за валидацију процењених вршних коефиције-
ната притиска из LES-a. Анализа непоузданости из 11 сати експерименталних података
показује да краће LES симулације (нпр. 25 мин) поуздано предвиђају ове вредности.
Статистичка анализа указује да је Гумбелов метод поузданији од методе прекорачења
прага. Одступања између LES-a и експеримената у близини наветрених ивица крова
истичу потребу за валидацијом сваког посматраног случаја.
LES је потврђен као ефикасан метод за симулацију струјања ветра у урбаним срединама.
Будућа истраживања треба да укључе детаљнију геометрију модела, сложенија окружења
и унапреде процену вршних притисака. Есенцијални корак напред у примени LES-a је
развој званичних смерница за креирање и валидацију симулација
Examination of factors that affect the hormones content in raw and commercial cow's milk
No full textIstraživanje je obuhvatilo određivanje koncentracije hormona u mleku krava u različitim fazama laktacije, mleku iz laktofriza i maloprodajnom mleku. Uzorci mleka i krvi prikupljeni su 10., 30., 60., 90., 150., 180., 210., 250. i 280 dana laktacije od četrnaest krava holštajn rase i u njima su određivane koncentracije hormona, masti i proteina u mleku i biohemijskih parametara krvi. U iste svrhe uzorkovano je mleko iz laktofriza i nabavljeno je komercijalno mleko sa 1,5% i 3,2% mlečne masti. Koncentracije insulinu-sličnog faktora rasta-1 (IGF-1) u mleku bile su značajno niže 90., 150., 180., 210. i 250. dana i značajno više 10., 30. i 60. dana laktacije poredeći sa laktacionim prosekom (LP). Insulin je imao značajno niže koncentracije u mleku 30., 60. i 90. dana i značajno više koncentracije 210., 250. i 280. dana laktacije poredeći sa LP. Koncentracija slobodnog tiroksina je bila viša 250. dana, dok je nivo slobodnog trijodotironina bio značajno niži 30., 60., 90. i 280. dana i značajno viši 10. i 180. dana u poređenju sa odgovarajućim LP. Nivo kortizola u mleku je bio niži 60. i 280. dana laktacije poredeći sa LP. Koncentracije progesterona određene 10., 30., 60. i 90. dana su bile statistički značajno niže a koncentracije određene 150., 180., 210. i 250. dana značajno više u odnosu na LP. Koncentracije estrogena određene 10., 30., 60., 90. i 150. dana su bile značajno niže a koncentracije 180., 210. i 250. dana značajno više u odnosu na LP.
Svi hormoni su imali značajno niže koncentracije u komercijalnom mleku sa 1,5% masti nego u komercijalnom mleku sa 3,2% masti, mleku iz laktofriza i LP. Izuzetak je LP za IGF-1, koji je bio značajno niži nego nivo IGF-1 u komercijalnom mleku sa 1,5% masti, kao i LP za estogen koji se nije značajno razlikovao u odnosu na nivo estrogena u u komercijalnom mleku sa 1,5% masti. Biohemijski parametri krvi su blago fluktuirali tokom laktacije, ali su ostali u referentnom opsegu. Koncentracije hormona u kravljem mleku fluktuiraju tokom laktacije, što daje značaj mleku u kontekstu javnog zdravlja.The study aimed to determine the concentration of hormones in cow’s milk sampled from different phases of lactation, bulk-tank milk and retail milk. Milk and blood samples were taken from fourteen Holstein cows on the following days in lactation (DIL): 10, 30, 60, 90, 150, 180, 210, 250 and 280 to determine milk hormones, fat and protein content and blood biochemical parameters. For the same purpose, bulk-tank milk was sampled and samples of retail milk with 1.5% and 3.2% fat was purchased. Milk insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) values were significantly lower at 90, 150, 180, 210 and 250 and significantly higher at 10, 30 and 60 DIL than lactation average (LA). Milk insulin concentrations were significantly lower at 30, 60 and 90 and higher at 210, 250 and 280 DIL than LA. Free thyroxine level in the milk was higher at 250 DIL, while milk free triiodothyronine concentrations were lower at 30, 60, 90 and 280 DIL, and significantly higher at 10 and 180 DIL than respective LA. Milk cortisol levels were lower at 60 and 280 DIL than LA. Milk progesterone concentrations were significantly lower at 10, 30, 60 and 90 and significantly higher at 150, 180, 210 and 250 DIL than lactation average (LA). Milk estrogen concentrations were significantly lower at 10, 30, 60, 90 and 150 and significantly higher at 180, 210 and 250 DIL than lactation average (LA)
All measured milk hormones were significantly lower in retail milk with 1.5% fat compared to retail milk with 3.2% fat, bulk-tank milk and LA. An exception was the LA of IGF-1, which was significantly lower than the IGF-1 content in retail milk with 1.5% fat as well as the LA of estrogen, which did not significantly differ compared to the estrogen content in retail milk with 1.5% fat. Blood biochemical parameters fluctuated evenly during lactation and were within the reference range. Hormone concentrations in cow’s milk fluctuate during lactation, giving milk an important role in the context of public health
Molecular, parasitological and clinical studies of the effect of therapy in dogs naturally infected with the nematode Dirofilaria immitis
No full textУ овој докторској дисертацији извршена су молекуларна, паразитолошка и клиничка испитивања ефекта примењене терапије код паса природно инфицираних нематодом Dirofilaria immitis. У терапији паса је коришћен „slow kill― протокол који подразумева пролонгирану примену ивермектина и доксициклина. Утицај паразита на домаћина и процена ефикасности примењене терапије, праћени су испитивањем присуства и броја микрофиларија у крви применом класичних паразитолошких и молекуларних метода (PCR и qPCR); анализом концентрација хематолошких и биохемијских параметара и биомаркера NT-proBNP и D-dimer; и анализом параметара оскидативног стреса и степена оштећења ДНК.
У испитивање су укључена 34 пса, која су била позитивна на тестирању „брзим― имунохроматографским тестом којим се детектује присуство антигена утеруса женке D. immitis. На основу тежине клиничке слике пси су разврстани у три групе: (а) пси без испољених симптома болести – Г1; (б) пси са испољеном средњом клиничком сликом – Г2 и (в) пси са тешком клиничком сликом – Г3. Клинички преглед и прикупљање узорака вршени су у три момента: пре почетка терапије – на презентацији (Д0); на средини терапије (90. дана – Д90) и на крају терапије (180. дана – Д180).
Присуство и количина ларвених облика D. immitis (микрофиларија) у крви паса доказивано је применом модификованог Нотовог теста, а ДНК применом PCR и qPCR и умножавањем региона 16S rRNA и фрагмента cox1 гена специфичних за D. immitis, редом. Основни хематолошки и биохемијски параметри анализирани су на аутоматским анализаторима. Концентрације NT-proBNP и D-dimer анализиране су на флуоресцентном имуноесеј анализатору коришћењем уређајa за тестирање. Одређивање активности антиоксидативних ензима супероксид дисмутазе, каталазе и глутатион С-трансферазе, као и концентрације малондиалдехида обављено је спектрофотометријски. Степен оштећења ДНК домаћина, као и отпорност леукоцита на спољашње мутагене процењивани су применом базног комет теста.
Старост јединки је статистички значајно утицала на тежину клиничке слике, док телесна маса паса није имала утицај на тежину клиничке слике код паса. Резултати добијени применом модификованог Нотовог теста и молекуларних метода показали су да је терапија смањила број позитивних паса на циркулишуће микрофиларије, али и стваран број микрофиларија у крви током времена. Број циркулишућих микрофиларија у све три гурпе био је статистички значајно већи пре терапије (Д0) у односу на средину (Д90) и крај терапије (Д180) када микрофиларије нису детектоване (p < 0,001), ни паразитолошким, нити молекуларним методама. Молекуларне методе показале су вишу осетљивост од модификованог Нотовог теста имајући у виду да код шест паса (17,65%) пре терапије нису установљене микрофиларије у циркулацији применом ове метода, док су помоћу молекуларних метода и код ових јединки установљене микрофиларије у циркулацији.
Код испитиваних паса установљене су промене основних хематолошких параметара који су се вратили у опсеге референтних интервала на крају терапије (Д180). Најзначајније промене су уочене у активностима ензима AST, ALT и LDH, које су биле су више од горње границе референтног интервала пре почетка терапије паса. До смањења активности ензима AST и ALT дошло је већ на средини терпије, док је активност LDH остала повишена, што се задржало и на крају терапије (Д180). Код осталих биохемијских параметара установљене су или незнатне промене активности или није било детектованих промена.
Коришћењем флуоресцентног имуноесеј анализатора праћена је концентрација биомаркера NT-proBNP као један од параметара оштећења срчаног мишића...In this doctoral dissertation, molecular, parasitological, and clinical investigations were conducted to assess the effect of applied therapy in dogs naturally infected with the nematode Dirofilaria immitis. The "slow kill" protocol, which involves prolonged administration of ivermectin and doxycycline, was used for the therapy. The impact of the parasite on the host and the evaluation of the therapy's effectiveness were monitored by testing for the presence and number of microfilariae in the blood using classical parasitological and molecular methods (PCR and qPCR), analyzing concentrations of hematological and biochemical parameters, biomarkers NT-proBNP and D-dimer, and evaluating oxidative stress parameters and DNA damage levels.
A total of 34 dogs that tested positive using a "rapid" immunochromatographic test detecting the presence of D. immitis female uterine antigens were included in the study. Based on the severity of the clinical signs, the dogs were classified into three groups: (a) asymptomatic dogs – Group 1 (G1), (b) dogs with mild clinical signs – Group 2 (G2), and (c) dogs with severe clinical signs – Group 3 (G3). Clinical examination and sample collection were performed at three time points: before therapy (Day 0 – D0), at the mid-point of therapy (Day 90 – D90), and at the end of therapy (Day 180 – D180).
The presence and quantity of larval forms of D. immitis (microfilariae) in the blood of the dogs were tested using a modified Knott's test, while DNA was assessed using PCR and qPCR by amplifying the 16S rRNA region and the cox1 gene fragment specific to D. immitis. Hematological and biochemical parameters were analyzed using automatic analyzers. NT-proBNP and D-dimer concentrations were analyzed using a fluorescent immunoassay analyzer. The activity of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione S-transferase) and the concentration of malondialdehyde were determined spectrophotometrically. DNA damage and the resistance of leukocytes to external mutagens were evaluated using the basic comet assay.
The age of the dogs significantly influenced the severity of the clinical signs, while their body weight had no impact on the clinical severity. The results from the modified Knott's test and molecular methods showed that therapy reduced the number of dogs positive for circulating microfilariae, as well as the actual number of microfilariae in the blood over time. The number of circulating microfilariae in all three groups was significantly higher before therapy (D0) compared to the mid-point (D90) and the end of therapy (D180), when microfilariae were not detected by either parasitological or molecular methods (p < 0.001). Molecular methods showed higher sensitivity than the modified Knott's test, as microfilariae were not detected in circulation by the Knott's method in six dogs (17.65%) before therapy, while molecular methods still detected them in circulation in these individuals.
Changes in basic hematological parameters were observed in the studied dogs, and these parameters returned to reference interval values by the end of therapy (D180). The most significant changes were noted in the activities of AST, ALT, and LDH enzymes, which were elevated above the upper reference limit before therapy. A reduction in AST and ALT activity was observed by the mid-point of therapy, while LDH activity remained elevated, which persisted until the end of therapy (D180). For other biochemical parameters, either minimal changes in activity were noted or no changes were detected.
NT-proBNP concentration was monitored using the fluorescent immunoassay analyzer as a parameter of cardiac muscle damage. The values were higher in dogs with more severe clinical signs..
The structure and properties modification of titanium alloy with high niobium content for biomedical application
No full textСавремени метални биоматеријали треба да обезбеде дуготрајно функционисање
медицинских импланата у људском организму без штетних ефеката на околна ткива, због
чега се највише пажње током њиховог даљег развоја посвећује отпорности ових материјала
према оштећењима условљеним присуством значајних механичких оптерећења, корозионе
средине и интеракције импланата са живим ћелијама и ткивима. Са друге стране, стање и
квалитет површине металног имплантног материјала има изузетно важну улогу у реакцији и
одговору биолошког система према имплантираним медицинским уређајима са којима су у
интеракцији. Из тог разлога се истраживања у области развоја металних биоматеријала
усмеравају на измену њиховог састава, као и процеса израде и накнадне прераде, а све са
циљем оптимизације структурних, површинских, механичких, корозионих и биолошких
својстава...Modern metallic biomaterials should ensure the long-term functionality of medical implants
in the human body without adverse effects on the surrounding tissues. Therefore, further
development of metallic implant materials is nowadays focused on the enhancement of their
resistance to damage caused by the significant mechanical loads and corrosive environment present
in the human body, as well as implant interaction with living cells and tissues. On the other hand,
the quality of metallic implant surface is extremely important for the response of biological systems
to the implanted medical devices with which they interact. For this reason, the scope of modern
research in the field of metallic biomaterials is to modify the implant materials composition, as well
as the production and post-production processes to attain the optimized structural, surface,
mechanical, corrosive, and biological properties..
The effects of native speakerism on non-native English teachers ; Феномен "носителя английского языка" и его влияние на преподавателей английского не носителей
No full textU nastavi engleskog jezika prisutan je trend potražnje za nastavnicima engleskog jezika koji govore engleski jezik kao maternji dok nastavnici neizvorni govornici bivaju marginalizovani i diskriminisani u procesu zapošljavanja i drugim aspektima nastave. Potražnja za isključivo izvornim govornicima engleskog jezika je posledica duboko ukorenjene ideologije izvornog govornika koja favorizuje izvorne govornike i nameće ih kao savršene predstavnike engleskog jezika i metodike nastave engleskog jezika. Diskriminatorne prakse zapošljavanja negativno utiču na profesionalni i lični život nastavnika. Glavni cilj istraživanja je da utvrdi na koji način i u kojoj meri ideologija izvornog govornika utiče na nastavnike neizvorne govornike engleskog jezika. Istraživanju je pristupljeno iz ugla pragmatizma i kritičkog realizma, a primenjen je istraživački nacrt mešovitog tipa. Kao istraživački instrumenti korišćeni su elektronski upitnik i polustrukturirani intervju. Upitnik je popunilo 123 nastavnika iz regiona, a 8 ispitanika je učestvovalo u polustrukturiranom intervjuu. Na osnovu dobijenih rezultata zaključeno je da su nastavnici engleskog jezika izloženi negativnom uticaju ideologije izvornog govornika bez obzira na kontekst u kojem rade (državne škole, privatne škole i onlajn škole jezika). Nastavnici često nisu svesni uticaja ideologije jer tvrde da ideologija na njih ne utiče dok njihova ponašanja pri zapošljavanju i analiza njihovih odgovora pokazuju da su nastavnici internalizovali ideologiju izvornog govornika i prihvatili diskriminaciju kao normalnu pojavu. U radu predlažemo aktivnosti usmerene na podizanje svesti o delovanju ideologije na nastavnike kako bi oni mogli da se izbore za bolji položaj na tržištu i doprinesu stvaranju jednakog tržišta za sve nastavnike.There is a trend towards a demand for native English teachers in the ELT market, while non-native English teachers are discriminated against both in the hiring process and other aspects of teaching. The demand for native English speakers is a consequence of a deeply rooted language ideology called native speakerism that favors native speakers and imposes them as perfect representatives of the English language and English language teaching methodology. Discriminatory employment practices negatively affect teachers' professional and personal lives.
The main objective of the research is to determine how and to what extent native speakerism influences non-native teachers. The research was approached from the perspective of pragmatism and critical realism, and a mixed-method research design was applied. An electronic questionnaire and a semi-structured interview were used as research instruments. The questionnaire was completed by 123 teachers from the region, and 8 respondents participated in a semi-structured interview.
The results concluded that English teachers are exposed to the negative influence of native speakerism regardless of the context in which they work (public schools, private schools, and online language schools). Teachers are often unaware of the influence of the ideology because they claim that the ideology does not affect them. At the same time, their behaviors during the hiring process and the analysis of their responses show that teachers have internalized native speakerism and accepted discrimination as a normal phenomenon.
In this paper, we propose activities to raise awareness of the ideology's influence on teachers so that they can feel empowered to improve their position in the market and contribute to creating an equal market for all teachers
Критичка анализа мултимодалног дискурса климатских промена Kритический анализ мультимодального дискурса изменения климата
No full textThis dissertation scrutinizes the multifaceted notion of climate change from the perspective of
two complementary theories, critical and multimodal discourse analysis. Within this theoretical
and methodological framework, study seeks to elucidate how climate change is discursively
constructed within the triangular relationship of scientific, media and political discourse as these
domains are the most influential in shaping public opinion as well as policy-making. Amidst the
overwhelming scientific but the absence of political consensus, the debate over climate change,
fueled by antagonistic views between climate alarmists and skeptics on its anthropogenic origin,
serves as a battleground for actors engaged in perpetual power competition, making climate
change as one of the most defining yet concurrently controversial issues of all time.
Consequently, the primary objective of this thesis is to deconstruct the verbal and visual
discourses of climate change, aiming to expose the manipulative and persuasive utilization of
various semiotic modes as multimodal means of communication of climate change risks and
impacts. Furthermore, the study aims to unravel the opaque relationship between language, power
and manipulation by exploring the role of visual imagery and linguistic devices, including lexical,
rhetorical and pragmatic elements as carriers of ideology. It investigates how the compound
effect of these semiotic modes contributes to shaping public perception, reinforcing certain
ideological agendas or reproducing power dynamics in the climate change discourse which is
being increasingly descientified, polarized, politicized as well as emotionalized in order to
capture public attention and rally support for climate action.Предмет ове докторске дисертације представља истраживање мултимодалног дискурса
климатских промена из перспективе две комплементарне лингвистичке теорије, критичке
и мултимодалне анализе дискурса. У таквом теоријско-методолошком оквиру, у студији се
испитује начин на који је наратив климатских промена дискурзивно конструисан у
троугаоној интеракцији научног, медијског и политичког дискурса као најутицајних
домена у обликовању јавног мишљења, као и креирању климатских политика. Услед
постојања научног, али и одсуства политичког консензуса, дебата о климатским
променама подстакнута је антагонистичким ставовима између климатских алармиста и
климатских скептика по питању антропогеног порекла овог феномена и представља „бојно
поље“ имајући у виду бројне актере који су у сталној борби за моћ, што чини климатске
промене једним од главних али истовремено и најконтроверзнијих питања нашег доба.
Према томе, основни циљ овог рада представља деконструкција вербалног и визуелног
дискурса климатских промена како би се открила манипулативна и персуазивна употреба
различитих семиотичких извора као мултимодалних средстава комуникације ризика и
утицаја климатских промена. Осим тога, истраживање има за циљ да открије скривену везу
између језика, моћи и манипулације анализом визуелних и језичких средстава, пре свега
лексичких, реторичких и прагматичких елемената као носилаца идеологије. У том погледу,
испитује се симбиотички ефекат ових елемената који доприносе обликовању јавног
мишљења, јачању одређених идеолошких агенди или репродуковању динамике моћи у
дискурсу о климатским променама који све више губи научни основ, а постаје предмет
поларизације, политизације и емоционализације како би се привукла пажња јавности и
задобила подршка за спровођење климатских активности
Integrating professional content into English for specific purposes courses in tertiary education ; Интеграция профессионального содержания в курс английского языка для особых целей в высшем пбразовании
No full textOva disertacija predstavlja participativno akciono istraživanje koje u fokus stavlja
integrisanu ESP nastavu, zasnovanu na CLIL načelima, postulatima kritičke pedagogije i konceptu
emancipacije studenata. Istraživanje pruža sveobuhvatnu analizu stavova i praksi ESP nastavnika,
institucionalne podrške i interdisciplinarne saradnje na fakultetima u Srbiji, ispitujući mogućnosti
i izazove potencijalnog prelaska na integrisanu nastavu, kao i analizu percepcije studenata pre i
posle implementacije integrisanog i emancipatorskog modela nastave.
Naučni doprinos ovog rada se ogleda u oblikovanju jedinstvenog modela integrisane ESP
nastave, zasnovanog na principima kritičke pedagogije i participativnog obrazovanja, čime se uz
emancipaciju studenata prevazilazi tradicionalna podela između jezika i stručnog sadržaja. Pored
teorijske sinteze ESP-a i CLIL-a, rad donosi empirijski utemeljene didaktičke pristupe koji
podstiču kritičko mišljenje i akademsku autonomiju studenata. Dakle, eksperimentalni dizajn
istraživanja podrazumeva implementaciju integrisane ESP nastave, kao i upoređivanje kontrolnih
i eksperimentalnih (emancipatorskih) grupa, čime se omogućava procena efekata integrisane
participativne ESP nastave u odnosu na tradicionalne pristupe.
Disertacija se oslanja kako na kvantitativne tako i kvalitativne metode istraživanja. Upitnici
za ESP nastavnike omogućavaju uvid u stavove i prakse ESP nastavnika, kao i izazove sa kojima
se nastavnici suočavaju, stepen interdisciplinarne saradnje, percepcije o efikasnosti integrisanog
pristupa, autentičnih materijala, i predloge za poboljšanje nastave. Upitnici za studente pružaju
uvid u studentske stavove i percepcije (npr. važnost engleskog jezika za njihovu karijeru, jezičkih
veština, efekti sprovođenja i evaluacije integrisane nastave, upotrebe autentičnih materijala, itd.)
pre i nakon iskustva sa integrisanom nastavom. Autoetnografski metod kroz dnevničke zapise
istraživača, u kojima su dokumentovani kritični incidenti, pruža dublju i jasniju sliku potencijala
integrisane emancipatorske nastave. Ovi zapisi omogućavaju analizu refleksije istraživača o
procesu i efektima rekonceptualizovane nastave, dajući kvalitativnu dimenziju istraživanju.
Rezultati jasno ukazuju na prednosti integrisane ESP nastave u odnosu na tradicionalne
modele podučavanja. ESP nastavnici prepoznaju potencijal ovog modela, ali ističu nedostatak
institucionalne podrške, ograničene resurse, i druge izazove, a njihovi odgovori upućuju na potrebu
za intenzivnijom interdisciplinarnom saradnjom. Dodatno, studenti su generalno, a posebno oni u
emancipatorskim grupama, pokazali veću angažovanost i motivaciju, viši nivo akademske
autonomije i bolje razumevanje stručnog sadržaja, a napredak je najprimetniji bio kod studenta sa
skromnijim znanjem kojima je bilo potreban veći stepen podrške. Dakle, nalazi potvrđuju da
integrisana ESP nastava, ukorenjena u kritičkoj pedagogiji i emancipatorskom pristupu, doprinosi
većem angažovanju i motivaciji studenata, kao i unapređenju obrazovnog procesa, razvijajući kod
studenata kritičko mišljenje, veštine analize, sinteze, argumentacije itd.
Dalje, zaključci istraživanja naglašavaju važnost redefinisanja uloge ESP nastavnika, koja
bi trebalo da obuhvata i uloge predavača, istraživača, evaluatora, kreatora kurseva i didaktičkih
materijala, i saradnika. Predložene su konkretne mere za unapređenje ESP nastave, uključujući
razvoj nastavnih planova koji integrišu sadržaj struke i jezičke kompetencije, jačanje
interdepartmanske saradnje i primenu participativnih metoda učenja. Disertacija doprinosi
teorijskoj raspravi o savremenim pristupima u visokom obrazovanju, pružajući empirijske dokaze
o efikasnosti integrisane i emancipatorske ESP nastave. Korišćenjem akcionog istraživanja i
autoetnografske refleksije, rad ne samo da preispituje postojeće nastavne prakse, već i predlaže
konkretne strategije za njihovo unapređenje, doprinosеći razvoju interdisciplinarnog i
participativnog pristupa u ESP obrazovanju.This dissertation presents a participatory action research study focusing on integrated
ESP instruction, grounded in Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) principles, critical
pedagogy, and the concept of student emancipation. The research provides a comprehensive
analysis of ESP teachers’ attitudes and practices, institutional support, and interdisciplinary
collaboration at universities in Serbia. It examines the possibilities and challenges of transitioning
to integrated instruction, as well as students’ perceptions before and after experiencing the
integrated and emancipatory teaching model.
The scientific contribution of this research lies in the development of a unique model
of integrated ESP instruction, based on critical pedagogy and participatory education, which
bridges the traditional divide between language learning and specialized content while fostering
student emancipation. Beyond theoretical synthesis of ESP and CLIL, this study offers empirically
grounded didactic approaches that promote critical thinking and academic autonomy. The
experimental research design involves the implementation of integrated ESP instruction and a
comparative analysis of control and experimental (emancipatory) groups, allowing for an
assessment of the impact of participatory ESP instruction compared to traditional approaches.
The dissertation employs both quantitative and qualitative research methods. ESP
teacher surveys provide insight into teaching practices, institutional challenges, interdisciplinary
collaboration, and perceptions of the effectiveness of integrated instruction and authentic
materials. Student surveys capture their attitudes and perceptions regarding ESP instruction,
language skills, career relevance, and the impact of integrated learning before and after
participating in integrated instruction. Additionally, an autoethnographic approach, through
researcher diary entries documenting critical incidents, offers a deeper and clearer perspective on
the potential of integrated emancipatory teaching. These records allow for an analysis of researcher
reflection on the process and effects of reconceptualized instruction, contributing a qualitative
dimension to the study.
The results clearly indicate the advantages of integrated ESP instruction over
traditional teaching models. While ESP teachers recognize its potential, they also highlight the
lack of institutional support, limited resources, and other challenges, emphasizing the need for
stronger interdisciplinary collaboration. Moreover, students—particularly those in emancipatory
groups—demonstrated higher engagement, motivation, academic autonomy, and improved
comprehension of specialized content. The most significant progress was observed in students with
lower initial proficiency, who benefited from increased instructional support. The findings confirm
that integrated ESP instruction, rooted in critical pedagogy and emancipatory principles, enhances student engagement and motivation while improving the overall learning process, fostering critical
thinking, analytical skills, synthesis, and argumentation.
Furthermore, the research underscores the importance of redefining the role of ESP
teachers, which should encompass functions such as instructor, researcher, evaluator, course
designer, and collaborator. Specific recommendations for enhancing ESP instruction include
curriculum development that integrates specialized content and linguistic competence,
strengthening interdepartmental collaboration, and adopting participatory teaching methods. This
dissertation contributes to the theoretical discussion on contemporary approaches in higher
education, providing empirical evidence of the effectiveness of integrated and emancipatory ESP
instruction. Through action research and autoethnographic reflection, this study not only
challenges existing teaching practices but also proposes concrete strategies for their improvement,
supporting the development of an interdisciplinary and participatory approach to ESP education
Uticaj efektivne inovacione aktivnosti i efikasne upotrebe patenata na poslovne performanse visokotehnoloških preduzeća
No full textIn the conditions that characterize modern business, innovation activity is the basis on which a competitive advantage is built and maintained on the market an d business success is created Companies
have significant invest ment in research and development activities with the aim of acquiring the appropriate knowledge t hat is the basis of innovation. It is considered that research and development activities are key to ensuring technological potential, and therefore innovation and economic growth. Company inventions that are the out put of investments in research and development can be subject to patenting in order to achieve and maximize business success. Patents, as a form of intellectual property, represent a strategic tool f or achieving numerous complex multidimensional business goals.
The purpose of the doctoral dissertation is to identify the importance and role of innovative and patent activity of companies in modern business conditions. Also, the purpose of the dissertati on is to
investigate the impact of innovation activity on patent activity, as well as patent activity on the business performance of companies.
In the theoretical part of the doctoral dissertation, the determinants and key factors that influence the innova tion activity of the company and the design and management of the company's innovation portfolio in conditions of global competition are identified. Contemporary trends in the process of product innovation development, which significantly dictate the pace and manner of carrying out the company's innovative activities, are reviewed. Open innovation as a modern innovation policy and company strategy was analyzed. The role and importance of intellectual property in the process of developing a company's new pro duct, as well as in the process of the company's open innovation activity, is reviewed. An
analysis of the patent as an element of intellectual property and resources of the company from the legal, technical and business aspects was carried out. The importance of innovation and patent activity for the business success of the company was identified and the impact of innovation activity on patent activity was analyzed, as well as the impact of patent activity on the business performance of the company by systematizing the research results of other authors.
In the part of the doctoral dissertation where the empirical research was presented, a conceptual framework was created for researching the impact of innovation activity on patent activity and patent activity on the business performance of high-tech companies that are on the list of “The top 50 PCTapplicants”of the World Intellectual Property Organization.The results of the statistical analysis indicate the following conclusions: 1. Greater investment in research and development leads to an increase in the intensity of investment in research and development, but not to an increase in the return on investment in research and development;2. Higher investment in research and development leads to an increase in thenumber of grantedpatents and the number of published PCT applications, and an increase in the intensity of investment in research and development leads to an increase in the number of grantedpatents, but not to an increase in the number of published PCT applications. Also, an increase in the return on investment in research and developmentdoes not lead to an increase in the mentioned indicators of patent activity; 3. Higher value of the indicator of the number of grantedpatents does not lead to anincrease infour different variants of the patent quality indicator(1-4); 4. Higher number of grantedpatents does not lead to an increase in the indicator of inventive base 1; 5. Higher number of grantedpatents doesnot lead to an increase in the patent effectivenessindicator; 6. Higher number of published PCT applications does not lead to an increase in four different variants of patent application quality indicators (1-4); 7.Higher number of published PCT applications does not lead to an increase inthe second variant of the inventive base indicator (2); 8. Higher number of published PCT applications does not lead to an increase in the patent effectivenessindicator; 9. Higher number of grantedpatents leads to higher revenues from sales; 10. A higher number of grantedpatents leads to higher profits;11. A higher number of grantedpatents does not lead to a higher return on assets; 12. Higher number of grantedpatents leads to a higher value of the indicators of market value and indebtedness; 13. Higher number of published PCT applications leads to higher revenues from sales;14. Higher number of published PCT applications leads to a higher profit; 15. Higher number of published PCT applications does not lead to a higher return on assets; 16. Higher number of published PCT applications leads to a higher value of the indicatorsof market value and indebtedness; 17. Higher value of four different variants of the patent quality indicator (1-4), four different variants of the patent applications quality indicator (1-4) and two different variants of the inventive base indicator (1-2) leads to a higher value of intellectual capital, but a higher value of the indicator the effectiveness of patents does not lead to greater intellectual capital.
Through theoretical and empirical research, results were obtained, the integration of which defined the implications for managers of high-tech companies in the research and development department, managers who are responsible for managing intellectual property, as well asmanagement of business units and companies in order to achieve long-term and continuous growth of business performance companies
Constructions and experiences of embodiment among young women: a discursive and phenomenological analysis
No full textPredmet ovog rada su lična iskustva i konstrukcije telesnosti mladih devojaka. Cilj rada je empirijsko istraživanje načina na koje se mlade devojke pozicioniraju u odnosu na različite diskurse o telu i posledica po njihove svakodnevne prakse i iskustva. Takođe, rad istražuje različite modalitete iskustva telesnosti i načine na koje su ta iskustva oblikovana socio-kulturnim kontekstom i diskurzivno-materijalnim uslovima. Polazeći iz fenomenološke i post-strukturalističke teorijske pozicije usvojen je kvalitativan metodološki pristup. Korišćen je pluralistički pristup koji obuhvata kombinovanje analize diskursa i fenomenološke interpretativne analize. Kao tehnika za prikupljanje podataka korišćen je polustrukturisani intervju, a uzorak su činile 22 učesnice uzrasta od 18 do 25 godina koje žive u Srbiji. Prva celina rezultata tiče se diskurzivnih konstrukcija telesnosti i uključuje dva poglavlja. U prvom su analizirani tradicionalni diskursi o ženskom telu, a koji se tiču toga šta znači biti (prava) žena. Drugo poglavlje istražuje savremene diskurse, prevashodno neoliberalne i postfeminističke narative o radu na sebi koji obuhvata kako telesne transformacije, tako i izgradnju samopouzdanja i pozitivnog odnosa prema telu. Druga celina rezultata istražuje življeno telo u socio-kulturnom kontekstu i obuhvata pet poglavlja koja istražuju odnos prema telu kao estetskom objektu; ulogu drugih u oblikovanju tog odnosa; iskustva raz-telovljenosti, odnosno situacije u kojima se devojke otuđuju od tela; telesnost kao izvor zadovoljstva; i iskustva koja ilustruju dinamiku između tela kao objekta i tela kao subjekta iskustva. Diskutovani su obrasci odnosa između društvenih uslova, reprezentacija, praksi i njihovih ishoda po otelovljenu žensku subjektivnost sa posebnim osvrtom na pitanje agensnosti.The subject of this study are young women’s discursive constructions and experiences of embodiment. The aim was to empirically examine the ways in which young women position themselves in relation to various discourses about the body, as well as the consequences for their everyday practices and experiences. The study also explores different modalities of embodied experience and the ways in which they are shaped by the socio-cultural context and discursive-material conditions. Adopting a phenomenological and poststructuralist theoretical position, a qualitative methodological approach was employed. A pluralistic analytical framework was used, combining discourse analysis with phenomenological interpretative analysis. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 22 young women from Serbia, aged 18 to 25. The first section of the findings addresses the discursive constructions of embodiment. The first chapter analyses traditional discourses about the female body, specifically, what it means to be a (real) woman. The second chapter examines contemporary discourses, primarily neoliberal and postfeminist paradigm self-transformation, which encompass both aesthetic and emotional labour. The second section of the findings explores the lived body in the socio-cultural context, examining: the body as an aesthetic object; the role of others in the objectification of women’s bodies; dys-appearance, i.e., experiences of alienated from the body; pleasurable embodiment; and experiences that illustrate the dynamic between the body as object and the body as the subject of experience. The discussion addresses patterns of relations between social conditions, representations, practices, and their effects on female embodiment, with particular attention to the notion of agency