International Journal of Developmental and Educational Psychology (Revista INFAD de Psicología)
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Analysis of classroom interactions in a third grade primary school group
Full text linkAt any stage of our lives, but especially in childhood, being rejected by those around us poses a risk to psychological development. Schools therefore play a fundamental role in preventing, detecting, and addressing rejection. Thus, to foster cohesion within a group of fifth-grade primary school students at a school in El Bierzo, we used a sociogram as a tool to determine which students prefer to interact with regarding work, play, and friendship. The results show that choices are consistent both in play and in schoolwork, which leads us to study this phenomenon and establish possible sociocognitive, family, and school factors associated with it, to improve coexistence and empathy within the group.En cualquier etapa de nuestras vidas, pero especialmente en la niñez, ser rechazado por quienes nos rodean supone un riesgo para el desarrollo psíquico. La escuela juega por tanto un papel fundamental en la prevención, detección e intervención sobre el rechazo. De este modo, para trabajar la cohesión dentro de un grupo de alumnos de 5º de educación primaria en un colegio de El Bierzo, empleamos el sociograma como instrumento para conocer con que compañeros los alumnos prefieren relacionarse en lo que se refiere al trabajo, el juego y la amistad. En los resultados se observa que coinciden elecciones tanto en el juego, como en el trabajo escolar, lo que nos da pie a estudiar este fenómeno y establecer posibles factores sociocognitivos, familiares y escolares asociados al mismo, en aras de mejorar la convivencia, y empatía dentro del grupo
Afrontando juntos para reducir los problemas internalizados y externalizados: una intervención para padres e hijos
Full text linkThe parent-child relationship provides the foundation for children to develop adaptive coping and stress management skills. How parents cope with adversity is a predictor of children’s coping abilities. Childhood stressors have physical and psychological consequences that trigger coping, understood as a dynamic and adaptive response to stress. In Mexico, preschool children tend to use dysfunctional coping strategies, it could increase the likelihood to develop Internalized and externalized problems, also could be the result of parenting practices characterized by psychological control, devaluation and blame. This underscore, the importance of promoting interventions that provide coping strategies for both children and their caregivers, aimed at preventing and addressing internalized and externalized problems in children. The objective of this study is to evaluate the intervention «Afrontando Juntos», implemented with Mexican children from 4 to 6 years old in an urban area in the thern of Mexico City. This intervention involves parents and children with the goal of increasing functional coping and reducing internalized and externalized problems in children. Participants were divided into two groups: Experimental group that participated in 12 sessions with parents’ participation; and a comparison group where only children participate in 8 sessions without their parents. Initially, there were 26 participants, but only 18 children (9 in each group), completed the study. Results showed that children in the experimental group increased their functional coping skills and experienced significant reduction in emotional reactivity and sleep problems.La relación entre padres e hijos brindan las bases para que sus hijos adquieran otras habilidades de afrontamiento adaptativo y manejo del estrés. La forma en cómo los padres afrontan las adversidades, resulta un predictor del afrontamiento de los niños. Los estresores infantiles tienen consecuencias físicas y psicológicas por lo que se pone en marcha el afrontamiento, entendido como una respuesta dinámica y adaptativa al estrés. En México, los preescolares tienden a utilizar estrategias de afrontamiento disfuncionales, que los pueden llevar a desarrollar, problemas internalizados y externalizados, los cuales también pueden ser producto de los modelos de crianza parentales en los que se emplea el control psicológico, devaluación y culpa. De ahí se resalta la importancia de promover intervenciones para niños y sus cuidadores basadas en brindar estrategias de afrontamiento para la prevención y tratamiento de los problemas internalizados y externalizados en niños por lo que el objetivo del trabajo es evaluar la intervención “Afrontando juntos”, una intervención realizada a niños mexicanos de 4 a 6 años de la zona urbana sur de la Ciudad de México, donde participan padres e hijos para aumentar el afrontamiento funcional y disminuir los problemas internalizados y externalizados en niños, divididos en dos grupos: experimental con 12 sesiones y con la participación de los padres y grupo comparativo donde sólo participan los niños en 8 sesiones sin sus padres. En principio se tuvieron 26 participantes, pero al final, sólo concluyeron 18 niños, 9 en cada grupo. Los resultados mostraron que los del grupo experimental aumentaron el afrontamiento funcional y disminuyeron de forma significativa la reactividad emocional y problemas para dormir
Indicators of occupational psychological health and their relationship with certain work attitudes
Full text linkEl objetivo de este trabajo es mostrar la relación existente entre indicadores de salud psicológica en el trabajo y determinadas actividades laborales, tales como la satisfacción y el compromiso laboral, la percepción de justicia y la motivación laboral. Además, se contrasta dichos indicadores de salud psicológica en el trabajo con una variable específica de personalidad, auto-monitoreo. Con ello se pretende establecer la relación entre el concepto teórico salud psicológica laboral, medido a través del instrumento EVOS-r (Rodríguez-Mateo y Rodríguez-Rodríguez, 2024) y la evidencia empírica obtenida, obteniendo así una medida de su validez. Para llevar a cabo dicho objetivo se decidió la cumplimentación de los cuestionarios que midieran las variables anteriormente citadas a través de una muestra global de 696 trabajadores, repartidas en seis muestras de trabajadores de distintos sectores, tales como el de la alimentación (n=109), la función pública (n=111 y n=154), cuerpos de policía y seguridad (n=109), la restauración (n=126) o la hostelería (n=100). Se utilizó el EVOS-r para medir indicadores de salud psicológica en el trabajo, el cuestionario de compromiso organizacional de Meyer y Allen (1997), el automonitoreo en los participantes mediante la encuesta ‘Auto-vigilancia– Self Monitoring’, de Snyder (1974), el cuestionario de motivación de Hackman y Oldham (1975) y la Escala de Justicia Organizacional de Colquitt (2001). Los resultados indican una clara relación entre el grado de percepción de indicadores de salud psicológica en el trabajo con la satisfacción laboral, la percepción de justicia en las organizaciones, y un nivel adecuado de motivación laboral. En cambio, las características de personalidad parece que no guardan relación con los indicadores de salud psicológica laboral. Con esto, parece posible establecer la relación entre el concepto teórico salud psicológica laboral y actitudes de bienestar laboral. Los resultados demuestran la importancia de cuidar la salud psicológica por parte de las empresas, ya que guarda una estrecha relación con el rendimiento laboral.The objective of this paper is to demonstrate the relationship between indicators of psychological health at work and specific work activities, such as job satisfaction and commitment, perceptions of justice, and work motivation. Furthermore, these indicators of psychological health at work are compared with a specific personality variable: self-monitoring. The aim is to establish the relationship between the theoretical concept of psychological health at work, measured using the EVOS-r instrument (Rodríguez-Mateo & Rodríguez-Rodríguez, 2024), and the empirical evidence obtained, thus obtaining a measure of its validity. To achieve this objective, it was decided to complete questionnaires measuring the aforementioned variables using a global sample of 696 workers, divided into six samples of workers from different sectors, such as the food industry (n=109), the civil service (n=111 and n=154), police and security forces (n=109), catering (n=126), and hospitality (n=100). The EVOS-r was used to measure indicators of psychological health at work, along with the Meyer and Allen (1997) organizational commitment questionnaire; self-monitoring was conducted using the Snyder (1974) «Self-Monitoring» survey; the Hackman and Oldham (1975) motivation questionnaire; and the Colquitt (2001) Organizational Justice Scale. The results indicate a clear relationship between the degree of perception of psychological health indicators at work and job satisfaction, the perception of fairness in organizations, and an adequate level of work motivation. In contrast, personality characteristics appear to be unrelated to indicators of psychological health at work. Thus, it seems possible to establish a relationship between the theoretical concept of psychological health at work and attitudes toward workplace well-being. The results demonstrate the importance of companies caring for psychological health, as it is closely related to job performance
Existencial suffering of the person in a palliative situation: an integrative reviex
No full textIntrodução: A proximidade da morte transforma a experiência humana, levando a pessoa em situação paliativa a confrontar-se com sentimentos de perda de autonomia, desespero e isolamento. O sofrimento existencial (SE) é influenciado pela consciência da finitude, medo da morte, vazio existencial e culpa. Compreender e abordar o SE é essencial em cuidados paliativos (CP), promovendo uma jornada digna até ao fim da vida, sustentada pela Teoria do Cuidado Transpessoal (TCT) de Jean Watson, que enfatiza uma abordagem humanística e holística. Objetivo: Compreender a perceção, características e interpretação do SE da pessoa em situação paliativa. Metodologia: A revisão integrativa da literatura incluiu artigos de 2014 a 2024, selecionados em bases de dados como PubMed, PsycInfo e Cochrane Library. A análise seguiu a perspetiva holística da TCT, com uma amostra final de 21 estudos. Resultados: Foram identificadas cinco categorias: 1) Significado do SE, nomeadamente perda de controlo e ausência de propósito; 2) Avaliação e estratégias, incluindo a Escala de SE; 3) Intervenções, como Terapia do Significado da Vida; 4) Suporte emocional e familiar; e 5) Fatores que influenciam a superação do SE, como a espiritualidade. Discussão: O SE afeta o bem-estar físico, emocional e espiritual, intensificado pela desmoralização. Intervenções focadas no significado mostram-se promissoras, sendo a sedação paliativa último recurso para casos refratários. A TCT de Watson suporta uma prática centrada na pessoa, com envolvimento familiar e promoção do bem-estar emocional e espiritual, salientando a necessidade de treino especializado. Conclusão: A gestão do SE em CP exige uma abordagem holística que integre dimensões emocionais, espirituais e sociais, para oferecer cuidados sensíveis e humanizados. Reforça-se a importância da formação dos profissionais e a investigação contínua para melhorar a assistência no SE em CP.Introduction: The proximity of death transforms the human experience, leading the person in a palliative care (PC) to confront feelings of loss of autonomy, despair and isolation. Existential suffering (ES) is influenced by awareness of finitude, fear of death, existential emptiness and guilt. Understanding and addressing ES is essential in PC, promoting a dignified journey to the end of life, underpinned by Jean Watson’s Transpersonal Care Theory (TCT), which emphasizes a humanistic and holistic approach. Objective: To understand the perception, characteristics and interpretation of the palliative care patient’s SE.nMethodology: The integrative literature review included articles from 2014 to 2024, selected from databases such as PubMed, PsycInfo and the Cochrane Library. The analysis followed the holistic perspective of TCT, with a final sample of 21 studies. Results: Five categories were identified: 1) Meaning of ES, namely loss of control and lack of purpose; 2) Assessment and strategies, including the ES Scale; 3) Interventions, such as Meaning of Life Therapy; 4) Emotional and family support; and 5) Factors that influence overcoming ES, such as spirituality. Discussion: ES affects physical, emotional and spiritual well-being, intensified by demoralization. Interventions focused on meaning show promise, with palliative sedation being the last resort for refractory cases. Watson’s TCT supports a person-centered practice, with family involvement and promotion of emotional and spiritual well-being, highlighting the need for specialized training. Conclusion: The management of ES in PC requires a holistic approach that integrates emotional, spiritual and social dimensions, in order to offer sensitive and humanized care. The importance of training professionals and continuous research to improve care for ES in PC is reinforced
Social skills and perception of school victimization in Mexican university students
Full text linkThis study explores the relationship between social skills and the perception of school victimization among Mexican university students, addressing a topic rarely studied in this context. Social skills, such as effective communication and conflict resolution, are essential for academic success and adaptation to higher education, while the perception of school victimization, understood as the subjective experience of peer violence, can negatively impact these skills. Using a quantitative, cross-sectional, and non-experimental design, a sample of 280 university students was analyzed using validated scales. The results showed a negative relationship between social skills and school victimization, particularly in the verbal and relational dimensions. Additionally, multiple regression analysis indicated that only physical victimization had a significant impact on social skills, although with a low explained variance. No significant differences were found between men and women in any of the variables. These findings high-light the importance of developing educational programs that strengthen social skills to mitigate the effects of school victimization and promote a more inclusive and safe university environment. They also emphasize the need to expand the study to larger and more representative samples, as well as to explore other psychosocial variables that may influence the relationship between victimization and social skills. This research provides practical implications for designing preventive strategies and specific interventions within the university setting.Este estudio explora la relación entre las habilidades sociales y la percepción de victimización escolar en estudiantes universitarios mexicanos, abordando una temática poco estudiada en este contexto. Las habilidades sociales, como la comunicación efectiva y la resolución de conflictos, son esenciales para el éxito académico y la adaptación en la educación superior, mientras que la percepción de victimización escolar, entendida como la experiencia subjetiva de violencia entre pares, puede impactarlas negativamente. Con un diseño cuantitativo, transversal y no experimental, se analizó una muestra de 280 estudiantes universitarios mediante escalas validadas. Los resultados mostraron una relación negativa entre las habilidades sociales y la victimización escolar, especialmente en las dimensiones verbal y relacional. Además, el análisis de regresión múltiple indicó que solo la victimización física tuvo un impacto significativo en las habilidades sociales, aunque con una varianza explicada baja. No se encontraron diferencias significativas entre hombres y mujeres en ninguna de las variables. Estos hallazgos destacan la importancia de desarrollar programas educativos que refuercen las habilidades sociales para mitigar los efectos de la victimización escolar y fomentar un ambiente universitario más inclusivo y seguro. Asimismo, subrayan la necesidad de ampliar el estudio a muestras más grandes y representativas, así como de explorar otras variables psicosociales que puedan influir en la relación entre victimización y habilidades sociales. La investigación ofrece implicaciones prácticas para diseñar estrategias preventivas e intervenciones específicas en el ámbito universitario.
Dados epidemiológicos dos idosos adscritos em uma unidade básica de saúde da família no municipio de campina grande/pb - Brasil
No full textChronic Noncommunicable Diseases (NCDs) are strongly influenced by living conditions and social inequalities, affecting people who are in vulnerable groups, such as the elderly. The dynamism of the age pyramid highlights the change in the health profile in the world, however, concomtantly with this, public health policies that promote the reduction/prevention of NCDs are not responding to the needs that arise. Therefore, the present work aims to identify the epidemiological profile of elderly people registered at the Family Health Unit (UBSF) Hindemburgo Nunes de Figueiredo, in order to promote subsidies to contribute to the development of public policies and care directed towards health interventions. in the aging population. This is a cross-sectional research, with a population of elderly people, of an exploratory, descriptive, analytical nature, with a quantitative-qualitative approach. Carried out through a specific questionnaire aimed at doorto-door data collection, involving the conditions present in the elderly population in the territory covered by the UBSF, and the living conditions of these individuals. The data were cataloged and analyzed using SPSS statisticalsoftware (version 22.0). 126 elderly people participated in the research, 69% of whom were women, the average age was 69.6 years (SD ± 7.36); regarding the prevalence of the main NCDs, the following were identified: systemic arterial hypertension (76.2%), neoplasia (42.4%), heart disease (35.7%), osteoarticular problems (39.7%), diabetes (33. 3%) and pneumopathy (9.5%), in addition, 73.8% receive only the minimum wage and 70% are sedentary. It is concluded that, among the possible causes of NCDs among the individuals investigated arelifestyle habits and unfavorable socioeconomic conditions. Therefore, early investigation actions to track NCDs are extremely important for planning preventive and clinical educational activities, in order to improve the qualityof life of this rapidly growing population.As Doenças Crônicas Não Transmissíveis (DCNT) são fortemente influenciadas pelas condições de vida e desigualdades sociais, acometendo pessoas que se encontram em grupos vulneráveis, a exemplo disso os idosos. O dinamismo da pirâmide etária evidencia a mudança do perfil de saúde no mundo, entretanto, concomitante a isso, políticas públicas em saúde que promovem a diminuição/prevenção das DCNT não estão respondendo as necessidades que se apresentam. Desse modo, o presente trabalho visa identificar o perfil epidemiológico dos idosos cadastrados na Unidade de Saúde da Família (UBSF) Hindemburgo Nunes de Figueiredo, no sentido de fomentar subsídios para contribuir com o desenvolvimento de políticas públicas e com o cuidado direcionado para intervenções em saúde na população envelhecida. Trata-se de uma pesquisa transversal, com recorte populacional de idosos, de caráter exploratório, descritivo, analítico, com abordagem quanti-qualitativa. Realizada por meio de questionário próprio direcionado a coleta de dados porta a porta, envolvendo as afecções presentes na população idosa no território adscrito pela UBSF, e as condições de vida desses indivíduos. Os dados foram catalogados e analisados através do software estatístico SPSS (versão 22.0). Participaram da pesquisa 126 idosos, com 69% de mulheres, a média de idade foi de 69,6 anos (DP ± 7,36); sobre a prevalência das principais DCNT, identificou-se: hipertensão arterial sistêmica (76,2%), neoplasia (42,4%), cardiopatia (35,7%), problemas osteoarticular (39,7%), diabetes (33,3%) e pneumopatia (9,5%), ademais 73,8% recebem apenas um salário mínimo e 70% são sedentários. Conclui-se que, entre as possíveis causas das DCNT entre os indivíduos investigados estão os hábitos de vida e condições socioeconômicas desfavoráveis. Logo, ações de investigação precoce para rastreamento das DCNT é de suma importância para o planejamento de atividades educativas preventivas e clínicas, no sentido de melhorar a qualidade de vida dessa população que cresce rapidamente.
Violencia psicológica en parejas de jóvenes universitarios. Estudio comparativo en función de la variable edad
Full text linkThe objective of the present study was to analyze the prevalence of manifestations of psychological abuse and love styles, determining the differences and relationships that exist depending on age. A questionnaire of sociodemographic data developed ad hoc, the “Triangular Love Scale” (TLS) and “Questionnaire of Psychological Abuse in Couples” (CMPar) was administered to a probabilistic sample consisting of 1290 subjects, of between ages between 17 and 25 years old. To carry out the comparative analysis, the sample was divided into four groups by age intervals (17-19;20;21;22-23;24-25). The results showed that the youngest (17-19 years old) had higher scores in Passion and Intimacy, while the older group got boosted points in most manifestations of psychological abuse. Likewise, significant correlations (p<0.001) were found between the components of the TLS and CMPar by age intervals. Consequently, the investigation concluded that, the romantic love style is positively related to a greater tolerance to manifestations of psychological abuse, reproducing unequal relationships and favoring dominance and emotional dependence. El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar la prevalencia de las manifestaciones de maltrato psicológico y de los estilos de amor en jóvenes universitarios, determinando las diferencias y relaciones existentes en función de la edad. Se administró un cuestionario de datos sociodemográficos elaborado ad hoc, la “Escala Triangular del Amor” (Triangle Love Scale, TLS) y “Cuestionario de Maltrato Psicológico en la Pareja” (CMPar) a una muestra probabilística constituida por 1290 sujetos, de edades comprendidas entre los 17 y 25 años. Para realizar el análisis comparativo se dividió la muestra en cuatro grupos por intervalos de edad (17-19;20-21;22-23;24-25). Los resultados mostraron que los más jóvenes (17-19 años) presentaban puntuaciones más elevadas en Pasión e Intimidad, mientras, el grupo de mayor (24-25 años) edad lo hace en la mayoría de las manifestaciones de maltrato psicológico. Asimismo, se encontraron correlaciones significativas (p<0.001) entre los componentes de la TLS y CMPar por intervalos de edad. Consecuentemente, se concluye que el estilo de amor romántico se relaciona positivamente con una mayor tolerancia a manifestaciones de maltrato psicológico, reproduciendo relaciones desiguales y favoreciendo el dominio y la dependencia emocional
Redes sociais, literacia em saude e a utilização da medicina alternativa e complementar: uma revisão narrativa
No full textIntroduction: One of the main sources of information currently is social media due to the ease of access and the amount of data it aggregates. It is a vehicle that adds a huge amount of information or mis information on health and complementary and alternative medicines (CAMs). Good levels of health literacy (HL) are essential for the ability to discern the quality and veracity of information obtained before making individual decisions. Objective: The objective is to analyze the association between HL, the use of social media and the use of CAMs. Methods: Narrative review of the literature using Google Scholar, PubMed and ScienceDirect platforms, with 21 articles included for analysis. Results: Social media are widely used as sources of information on topics such as health and CAM. The amount of misinformation present on social media represents a health hazard due to the potential to influence attitudes and increase risky behavior. HL appears as a determining and mediating factor in the ability to discern the quality of information obtained, influencing the way individuals process and seek information from social media, and their attitudes towards CAMs. HL, social media and CAMs are associated with regard to obtaining, interpreting and using health information and alternative and complementary practices. Conclusion: CAMs enable several options in addition to conventional ones, and it is vital that individuals are informed of all available options with the most up-to-date data so that they can exercise their right to make a decision in the most informed, contextualized and safe way possible.Introdução: Uma das principais fontes de informações atualmente são as redes sociais devido a facilidade de acesso e a quantidade de dados que agrega. É um veículo que soma uma enorme quantidade de informação ou desinformação em saúde e às medicinas alternativas e complementares (MACs). Bons níveis de literacia em saúde (LS) são essenciais para a capacidade de discernir a qualidade e veracidade das informações obtidas antes da tomada de decisões individuais. Objetivo: Objetiva-se mapear a evidencia científica da associação entre a LS, a utilização das redes das redes sociais e utilização de MACs. Métodos: Revisão narrativa da literatura através das plataformas Google Acadêmico, PubMed e ScienceDirect, com 21 artigos incluídos para análise. Resultados: As redes sociais são amplamente utilizadas como fontes de informação para temas como a saúde e a MAC. A quantidade de desinformação presente nas redes sociais representa um perigo à saúde devido ao potencial de influenciar atitudes e potencializar comportamentos de risco. A LS aparece como um fator determinante e mediador da capacidade de discernir a qualidade das informações obtidas, influenciando a forma como os indivíduos processam e buscam informações das redes sociais, e suas atitudes perante as MACs. A LS, as redes sociais e as MACs estão associadas no que diz respeito à obtenção, interpretação e utilização de informações de saúde e de práticas alternativas e complementares. Conclusão: As MACs possibilitam diversas opções para além das convencionais, sendo vital que os indivíduos sejam informados de todas as opções disponíveis com os mais atualizados dados para poderem exercer seu direito de decisão da forma mais informada, contextualizada e segura possível.
Literacia em saúde mental, bem-estar e inteligência emocional em adolescentes
Full text linkIntroduction: A current review of the literature allows us to see that Mental Health Literacy, Emotional Intelligence and Well-Being have been the target of growing interest in the scientific community. However, there is still little research on the relationship between these constructs, especially considering the adolescence stage. Therefore, this study aims to contribute to the investigation of the relationships between these variables, clarifying the potential predictive value of Mental Health Literacy in relation to Emotional Intelligence and Well-Being. It is also intended to analyse the effect of some sociodemographic variables on the levels of Mental Health Literacy, Emotional Intelligence and Well-Being. Method: A sample consisting of 341 Portuguese adolescents (181 female), aged 15 to 18, answered a set of self-report questions, by completing the following instruments: Sociodemographic Questionnaire, Mental Health Literacy Questionnaire, Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire - Youth version, and Mental Health Continuum - Short Form. Results: Analysis of the data obtained reveals that there is a significant and positive association between the constructs, with the correlation between Emotional Intelligence and Well-Being being the strongest and most significant. It appears that Mental Health Literacy has predictive and positive power in relation to Emotional Intelligence and Well-Being. It is also noted that the scales scores reveal a gender effect and thatthose who attended psychology consultations obtained lower scores in Emotional Intelligence and Well-Being. Discussion and Conclusion: Implications for research and practice are drawn from the relationships found.Introdução: Uma revisão atual da literatura permite perceber que a Literacia em Saúde Mental, a Inteligência Emocional e o Bem-Estar têm sido alvo de um crescente interesse pela comunidade científica. No entanto, são ainda escassas as pesquisas sobre a relação entre estes constructos, principalmente considerando a etapa da adolescência. Assim, este estudo pretende contribuir para a investigação das relações entre estas variáveis, clarificando o potencial valor preditivo da Literacia em Saúde Mental face à Inteligência Emocional e ao Bem-Estar. Pretende-se, ainda, analisar o efeito de algumas variáveis sociodemográficas nos níveis de Literacia em Saúde Mental, Inteligência Emocional e Bem-Estar. Método: Uma amostra constituída por 341 adolescentes portugueses (181 do sexo feminino), dos 15 aos 18 anos, respondeu a um conjunto de questões de autorrelato, através do preenchimento dos seguintes instrumentos: Questionário Sociodemográfico, Mental Health Literacy Questionnaire, Questionário de Inteligência Emocional - Versão para jovens e Mental Health Continuum - Short Form. Resultados: A análise dos dados obtidos revela que existe uma associação significativa e positiva entre os constructos, sendo a correlação entre Inteligência Emocional e Bem-Estar a mais forte e significativa. Verifica-se que a Literacia em Saúde Mental exerce poder preditivo e positivo face à Inteligência Emocional e ao Bem-Estar. Constata-se também que as pontuações das escalas revelam um efeito do género e que aqueles que frequentaram consultas de psicologia obtiveram pontuações mais baixas em Inteligência Emocional e Bem-Estar. Discussão e Conclusão: Das relações encontradas são retiradas implicações para a investigação e para a prática
Análisis de regresión logística de la ansiedad escolar como predictor de rechazo escolar
Full text linkSchool refusal has important repercussions on the lives of children and adolescents, seriously affecting their personal, academic, and social adjustment. Negative attitudes towards school can be caused simultaneously for several reasons and, due to the existing heterogeneity, Kearney, and Silverman (1990) grouped them into four functional conditions: I. Avoidance of school stimuli that generate negative affectivity; II. Avoidance of school situations that generate social aversion or fear of evaluation; II. Capturing the attention of significant others; and IV. Get tangible reinforcements outside of school. Given its tendency to coexist with internalizing disorders, it is essential to understand its correlation with school anxiety, which is one of the significant problemsin the child and adolescent population. In this way, the present study aims to identify the probability of predictive capacity of school anxiety on high school refusal. There were 1786 participants (51% men) aged 15to 18 years (MAge = 16.31; SD = 1.00). The instruments administered were the Spanish version of the School Refusal Assessment Scale-Revised (SRAS-R-C; Gonzálvez et al., 2016) and the School Anxiety Inventory (IAES;García-Fernández et al., 2011). The results reveal that depending on the dimension of school anxiety evaluated, it acts as a negative or positive predictor of school refusal, also depending on the type of school refusalassessed. These findings highlight the connection between the avoidance of negative affectivity associated with school and the experience of anxiety in various school settings, emphasizing the need to address both school refusal and anxiety in the educational setting.El rechazo escolar tiene importantes repercusiones en la vida de niños y adolescentes, afectando gravemente a su ajuste personal, académico y social. Las actitudes negativas hacia la escuela pueden ser causadas simultáneamente por varias razones y, debido a la heterogeneidad existente, Kearney, y Silverman (1990) las agruparon en cuatro condiciones funcionales: I. Evitación de estímulos escolares que generan afectividad negativa; II. Evitación de situaciones escolares que generan aversión social o miedo a la evaluación; II. Captar la atención de otras personas significativas; y IV. Obtener refuerzos tangibles fuera de la escuela. Dada su tendencia a coexistir con trastornos internalizantes, es fundamental comprender su correlación con la ansiedad escolar, que es uno de los problemas significativos en la población infantil y adolescente. De esta forma, el presente estudio pretende identificar la probabilidad de la capacidad predictiva de la ansiedad escolar sobre el rechazo en la escuela secundaria. Participaron 1786 personas (51% hombres) con edades comprendidas entre los 15 y los 18 años (Medad =16,31; DE = 1,00). Los instrumentos administrados fueron la versión española de la Escala de Evaluación del Rechazo Escolar-Revisada (SRAS-R-C; Gonzálvez et al., 2016) y el Inventario de Ansiedad Escolar (IAES; García-Fernández et al., 2011). Los resultados revelan que, dependiendo de la dimensión de ansiedad escolar evaluada, ésta actúa como predictor negativo o positivo del rechazo escolar, dependiendo también del tipo de rechazo escolar evaluado. Estos hallazgos ponen de manifiesto la conexión entre la evitación de la afectividad negativa asociada a la escuela y la experiencia de ansiedad en diversos contextos escolares, enfatizando la necesidad de abordar tanto el rechazo escolar como la ansiedad en el ámbito educativo