International Journal of Developmental and Educational Psychology (Revista INFAD de Psicología)
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Políticas de evaluación a gran escala y la inclusión de los colectivos vulnerabilizados
Get PDFThis paper attempts to analyze how paradoxes towards undergraduate course management practices in Brazil are observed after inclusion policies and/or quotas for vulnerable groups in Brazilian universities in the context of large-scale policies. In Brazil, the ENADE (Exame Nacional de Desempenho dos Estudantes) represents a relevant large-scale evaluation process of undergraduate courses. ENADE is part of a more comprehensive system that involves three other main components: the evaluation of institutions, of undergraduate courses and of student performance. SINAES (Sistema Nacional de Avaliação da Educação Superior) evaluates universities in their teaching, research and extension functions and was created in 2004 by Law n. 10861. Since then, some university access policies have been changed to ensure that groups that have been made vulnerable throughout history can be part of this locus of construction and dissemination of scientific knowledge. The question that is proposed: What studies are done under the theme of management practices that have been changed by the results of large-scale evaluations following affirmative policies? The bibliographic analyses represent the methodology to be used. The first analyses show the scarce reflections published on the subject and evidence the fragility of large-scale evaluation systems to fulfill their role: to measure the quality of higher education. El presente trabajo intenta analizar cómo se observan las paradojas hacia las prácticas de gestión de los cursos de grado en Brasil tras las políticas de inclusión y/o cupos para los colectivos vulnerables en las universidades brasileñas en el contexto de las políticas a gran escala. En Brasil, el ENADE (Exame Nacional de Desempenho dos Estudantes) representa un relevante proceso de evaluación a gran escala de los cursos de grado. El ENADE forma parte de um sistema más abarcante que conlleva otros tres componentes principales: la evaluación de las instituciones, de los cursos de grado y del desempeño de los estudiantes. Asi que el SINAES (Sistema Nacional de Avaliação da Educação Superior) evalua las universidades en sus funciones de docencia, investigación i extensión y ha sido creado el 2004 por la Ley n. 10861. Desde entonces, han cambiado algunas políticas de acceso a la universidad para garantizar que los colectivos que han sido vulnerabilizados a lo largo de la historia puedan formar parte de ese locus de construcción y difusión del conocimiento científico. La interrogante que se propone: ¿Qué estudios se hacen bajo el tema de las prácticas de gestión que han sido cambiadas por los resultados de las evaluaciones a gran escala tras las políticas afirmativas? Los análisis bibliográficos representan la metodologia que se va utilizar. Los primeros análisis evidencian las escasas reflexiones publicadas bajo el tema i evidencian la fragilidad de los sistemas de evaluación a gran escala para cumplir su rol: mensurar la calidad de la educación superior
Habilidades socio-emocionales y auto-regulación para la resiliencia y el bienestar estudiantil mediante la aplicación de somatic experiencing
Get PDFThe article presents the main theoretical-methodological guidelines, results and conclusions of an exploratory and experimental study that was oriented to the fulfillment of a general research objective – to identify the bio-physiological components and socio-emotional skills that grant student well-being and an adequate disposition towards learning for high school students from an educational center in Rivera (Uruguay) – and a general objective of intervention: to improve both aspects in a sample of that population, through the application of Somatic Experiencing. A cycle of ten weekly individual sessions was implemented with ten students whose previous academic performance was insufficient. During the sessions were observed and recorded their physiological responses associated with dimensions of student well-being (connection, sense of belonging, social and individual awareness, relationship skills, resilience, self-management, responsible decision-making) and key components of the SIBAM model (sensations, images, behavior, affection, meanings), as well as 36 indicators of physiological responses of the autonomic nervous system (based on Porges’ polyvagal theory). The main results were that with the progressive application of Somatic Experiencing, the students improved their socio-emotional skills, especially their resilience in the face of events perceived as threatening, they were able to reduce their state of activation, abulia and/or disorientation in the classroom, increased contact with their sensations and emotions and their tolerance to anxiety and fear produced in the face of school challenges and, therefore, improved their disposition towards learning and completed the school year with good marks.El artículo presenta los principales lineamientos teórico-metodológicos, resultados y conclusiones de un estudio exploratorio y experimental que se orientó al cumplimiento de un objetivo general de investigación –identificar los componentes bio-fisiológicos y habilidades socio-emocionales que otorgan bienestar estudiantil y una adecuada disposición hacia el aprendizaje a los estudiantes de bachillerato de un centro educativo de Rivera (Uruguay)– y de un objetivo general de intervención: mejorar ambos aspectos en una muestra de esa población, mediante la aplicación de Somatic Experiencing. Se implementó un ciclo de diez sesiones individuales de frecuencia semanal con diez estudiantes cuyo desempeño académico era insuficiente. Durante las sesiones, a partir de la aplicación de Somatic Experiencing, se observaron y registraron sus respuestas fisiológicas asociadas a dimensiones del bienestar estudiantil (conexión, sentido de pertenencia, conciencia social e individual, habilidades de relacionamiento, resiliencia, autogestión, toma de decisiones responsables) y del modelo SICAS (sensaciones, imágenes, comportamiento, afecto, significados), así como 36 indicadores de respuestas fisiológicas del sistema nervioso autónomo (basados en la teoría polivagal de Porges). Los principales resultados fueron que con la aplicación progresiva de Somatic Experiencing los estudiantes mejoraron sus habilidades socio-emocionales, en especial su capacidad de resiliencia ante eventos percibidos como amenazantes, redujeron su estado de activación, abulia y/o desorientación en el aula, aumentaron el contacto con sus sensaciones y emociones, incrementaron su tolerancia a la ansiedad y al miedo producidos ante desafíos escolares y, por ende, mejoraron su disposición hacia el aprendizaje y sus resultados académicos
Implementación de unidades de calidad en la formación del profesorado: entre armonización de las prácticas de evaluación y singularidad de los contextos
Get PDFThe objective of the European project “Ecalfor” is to analyze the conditions in which the evaluation practices of the quality of the training of basic education teachers are developed, in orderto implement quality units in higher education institutions. The problematization is related to the application margins that allow taking into account the singularities of the contexts in an approach that seeks to harmonize the practices in reference to the common protocol to the Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) of the European countries (4), Latin America (10) and the Caribbean (2) according to international standards. The hypothesis is based on the mandate of an internationalization of teacher training based on the implementation of a protocol that aims to evaluate the quality of training and its organization while producing a distinction between higher education institutions that would have the necessary resources and those that could not create efficient conditions for their application. Through a theoretical framework related to the quality of training and its forms of evaluation, we have adopted a comparative methodological approach that aims to question the variables associated with both the conditions of implementation of quality units based on sociological, historical, anthropological contexts and cultural than what can fall under public educational policies. Thanks to the administered questionnaires, we have collected data from people in charge of quality in HEIs (managers, directors, technical secretaries and technical specialists...). The results show convergences and divergences between HEIs and between countries that define so many conditions that limit the implementation of a policy for evaluating the quality of teacher training in basic schools at the level of higher education in Latin America and in the rest of the world. Caribbean. In the end, HEIs “must explicitly commit to developing a culture that recognizes the importance of quality and evaluation in their work” (ENQA, 2015) in order to establish a guarantee of the quality of teacher training and education qualifications.El objetivo del proyecto europeo “Ecalfor” es analizar las condiciones en las cuales se desarrollan las prácticas de evaluación de la calidad de la formación de los docentes de educación básica, paraimplementar unidades de calidad en las instituciones de educación superior. La problematización se relaciona con los márgenes de aplicación que permitan tomar en cuenta las singularidades de los contextos en un enfoque que busca armonizar las prácticas en referencia al protocolo común a las instituciones de Educación Superior (IES) de los países de Europa (4), América Latina (10) y el Caribe (2) de acuerdo con los estándares internacionales. La hipótesis parte del mandato de una internacionalización de la formación docente a partir de la implementación de un protocolo que tiene como objetivo evaluar la calidad de la formación y su organización al mismo tiempo que produce una distinción entre las instituciones de educación superior que tendrían recursos necesarios y las que no podrían crear condiciones eficientes para su aplicación. A través un marco teórico relacionado a la calidad de formación ysus formas de evaluación, hemos adoptado un enfoque metodológico de comparación que pretende cuestionar las variables asociadas tanto las condiciones de implementación de las unidades de calidad en función de los contextos sociológicos, históricos, antropológicos y culturales que lo que puede caer bajo las políticas educativas públicas. Gracias a los cuestionarios administrados, hemos recogido datos desde personas encargadas de la calidad en IES (responsables, directores, secretarias técnicas y técnicas especialistas…). Los resultados demuestran convergencias y divergencias entre IES y entre países que definen tantas condiciones que limites por la implementación de una política de evaluación de la calidad de la formación de los docentes de las escuelas básicas al nivel de la educación superior en América latina y en el Caribe. Al final, las IES “deben comprometerse explícitamente a desarrollar una cultura que reconozca la importancia de la calidad y la evaluación en su trabajo “(ENQA, 2015) para establecer una garantía de la calidad de la formación del profesorado y de los títulos de educación.
A psicologia simplificada versus espiritualidade
Get PDFIn an increasingly dynamic and agitated world, where time reaches values above the speculative values of a barrel of crude oil, there is a need for mental health as a standard bearer of a physical, emotional, energetic and spiritual whole for the individual can say healthy, in balance! So, it is important today that we reflect once again in a conscious way, without taboos, prejudices, ideological blindness, or scientific pragmatism and dogmas, in a line called simplified psychology in connection with positive psychology. This review thus meets an interconnection and a search to extract the best of what a sufficiently scientific methodological vision benefits by crossing knowledge with the vast wisdom also acquired by spiritual development. This relationship is sought in an unpretentiou sanalysis of analyzing psychology in an interaction of the knowledge of St. Thomas Aquinas_The job of the wise man is to contemplate the truth, judge the principles, order all things and point out all the errors_ (in Oficio do Sabio); aiming at a life with greater quality, more awareness, more happiness, greater tranquility, in a balance that is increasingly desired: physical, psychological and spiritual. We can all be wise, and the clinical psychologist is here to help. Num mundo cada vez mais dinâmico, mais agitado, onde o tempo atinge valores acima dos especulativos valores do barril do crude, impera a necessidade de uma saúde mental como porte estandarte de um todo bem físico, emocional, energético e espiritual para que o individuo se possa dizer saudável, em equilíbrio! Assim importa hojerefletirmos mais umavez, de uma forma consciente, sem tabus, preconceitos ,cegueiras ideológicas, ou pragmatismos e dogmas científico, numa linha que promovo e denomino de psicologia simplificada, em ligação com a psicologia positiva. Esta revisão vai assim ao encontro de uma interligação e numa procura de extrair o melhor que uma visão suficientemente metodológica científica beneficia ao cruzar os diferentes conhecimentos com a vasta sabedoria também adquirida pelo desenvolvimento espiritual. Busca-se esta relação numa análise despretensiosa de analisarmos a psicologia numa interação dos conhecimentos de S. Tomás de Aquino_O ofício do sábio é contemplar a verdade, julgar os princípios, ordenar todas as coisas e apontar todos oserros_ (in Oficio do Sabio); visando uma vida com maior qualidade, mais consciência, mais felicidade, maior tranquilidade, num equilíbrio que se deseja cada vez mais: físico, psicológico e espiritual. Todos nós podemos ser sábios e o psicólogo clínico está cá para ajudar
Estrategias para afrontar el envejecimiento de los trabajadores con discapacidad intelectual
Get PDFThe ageing of workers with intellectual disabilities is a problem that in recent years is affecting this type of population, deteriorating their quality of life and presenting new challenges at workplaces that see the need to take measures, to face this new situation from different areas. From these premises, a research is designed, promoted by University of Burgos, Plena Inclusión and the Social Services Management of Castilla y León, with the aim of studying the relationship between the ageing process in workers with intellectual disabilities and their quality of life, designing a model of intervention in the ageing of workers with intellectual disabilities, based on a Protocol of measures and indicators, which help to specify and define the support to be provided by professionals and organisations. A qualitative methodology of a descriptive interpretative type is used, based on the Delphi technique, made up of 22 experts from different fields in the approach and work with this type of population. The work is complemented with a focus group of 8 people related to senior management in order to provide a global strategic vision and assess the possibilities of real implementation. The final result is a tool consisting of a protocol of measures and evidences covering different areas of the quality of life of people with intellectual disabilities, as well as a series of recommendations for implementation from a holistic approach, to improve the care and life of workers with intellectual disabilities who are ageing. A pilot project to validate the effectiveness of the Protocol is proposed as a line of future work.El envejecimiento de las personas con discapacidad intelectual es una cuestión que en los últimos años está afectando de manera preocupante a estas personas, deteriorando su calidad de vida y, en el caso de aquellos que trabajan, presentando nuevos retos a los centros laborales, que ven la necesidad de tomar medidas para atender a esta nueva situación desde diferentes ámbitos. A partir de estas premisas, se diseña una investigación, promovida por la Universidad de Burgos, Plena Inclusión Castilla y León y la Gerencia de Servicios Sociales de Castilla y León, con el objetivo de estudiar la relación que existe entre el proceso de envejecimiento en los trabajadores con discapacidad intelectual y su calidad de vida, diseñando un modelo de intervención, a partir de un “Protocolo de medidas e indicadores”, que ayuden a concretar y definir los apoyos que han de prestar los profesionales y las organizaciones en esta etapa vital. Se utiliza una metodología cualitativa de tipo descriptiva interpretativa a partir de la técnica Delphi, con la participación de 22 expertos provenientes de diferentes ámbitos del empleo y la discapacidad intelectual. La investigación se complementa con un grupo focal formado por 8 personas vinculadas al ámbito de la gestión, con el fin de proporcionar una visión estratégica global y valorar sus posibilidades de implementación real. Como resultado final se ofrece una herramienta consistente en un protocolo de medidas y evidencias que abarcan diferentes ámbitos de la calidad de vida de las PCDI, así como una serie de recomendaciones para su aplicación desde un enfoque integral, que mejore la atención y la vida de los trabajadores con discapacidad intelectual que van envejeciendo. Se plantea como línea de trabajo futuro el pilotaje en entornos productivos para validar la efectividad del Protocolo.
Profesup: calidad de la docencia en universidades iberoamericanas
Get PDFThe objective of this work is to describe the characteristics of the paradigmatic change that is taking place in Higher Education and its effects on professionalization and teaching quality. The study is based on three areas of political action and their corresponding theoretical foundations that are explaining part of the transformation of Higher Education institutions and the academic profession and that, in an integrated manner, constitute a new model or paradigm. These are: (a) the effect of standards-based evaluation and accreditation policies; (b) the extension of the SoTL (Scholarship of Teaching and Learning) movement; (c) the appearance of new regional spaces for the integration of Higher Education that transfer the focus of transferability from teaching programs to learning outcomes. The research model adopted is descriptive, explanatory in nature. The research is carried out within the framework of an I+D+i project of the FEDER Operational Program, in which 28 universities participate (9 from Andalusia, 6 from the rest of Spain and 13 from Latin America) and 21 research teams. In this research, a questionnaire and an indepth oral interview are used to collect information. The questionnaire has already been used in previous studies that serve as background information. In this communication the most pertinent previous results for the project are presented. El objetivo de este trabajo es describir las características del cambio paradigmático que se está produciendo en la Educación Superior y sus efectos para la profesionalización y la calidad docente. El estudio se basa en tres ámbitos de la acción política y en sus correspondientes fundamentos teóricos que están explicando parte de la transformación de las instituciones de Educación Superior y de la profesión académica y que, de manera integrada, constituyen un nuevo modelo o paradigma. Se trata de: (a) el efecto de las políticas de acreditación y evaluación basada en estándares; (b) la extensión del movimiento SoTL (Scholarship of Teaching and Learning); (c) la aparición de nuevos espacios regionales de integración de la Educación Superior que trasladan el foco de la transferibilidad desde los programas de enseñanza a los resultados de aprendizaje. El modelo de investigación adoptado es de naturaleza descriptiva, explicativa. La investigación se realiza en el marco de un proyecto de I+D+i del Programa Operativo FEDER, en el que participan 28 universidades (9 de Andalucía, 6 del resto de España y 13 de América Latina) y 21 equipos de investigación. En esta investigación se emplea para la recogida de información un cuestionario y una entrevista oral en profundidad. El cuestionario ya ha sido utilizado en estudios previos que nos sirven de antecedente. En esta comunicación se presentan los resultados previos más pertinentes para el proyecto
El papel del docente después de la pandemia
Get PDFThis article analyzes how since March 2020, following the COVID pandemic, about 90% of students have had to abandon school, replacing the educational model based on relationship and empathy, with distance learning solutions using different online media and platforms (Mascheroni et al, 2021). Distance teaching (DAD) first and integrated digital teaching (DID) after, have become, in fact, the only training methods that the teacher and student have arranged to guarantee the right to study. There were significant limitations and difficulties. Today, the transition to be made is clear: the education system must reach digitization “by choice”, using technological tools in a more aware and appropriate way.Este artículo analiza cómo desde marzo de 2020, a raíz de la pandemia del COVID, cerca del 90% de los estudiantes han tenido que abandonar la escuela, reemplazando el modelo educativo basado en la relación y la empatía, con soluciones de educación a distancia utilizando diversos medios y plataformas en línea (Mascheroni et al, 2021). Laenseñanzaa distancia(DAD) primero y la enseñanza digital integrada(DID) después,se han convertido, de hecho, en los únicos métodos de formación que el docente y el alumno han dispuesto para garantizar el derecho a estudiar. Hubo importantes limitaciones y dificultades. Hoy, la transición a realizar es clara: el sistema educativo debe llegar a la digitalización “por elección”, utilizando las herramientas tecnológicas de manera más consciente y adecuada
Nuevos yacimientos de empleo para pedagogía y su incorporación en los planes de estudio
Get PDFAlthough Pedagogy studies were originally designed to satisfy the needs of formal educational context, societal training oreducational needs exist in other areas too. That is why the professional opportunities for these studies have been extended to new contextssuch as non-formaleducation or business. However,and despitetheemergence of these new sources ofemployment for these professionals,somestudiesshow thatstudentsare dissatisfied with training received during their university studies because they do not adjust to their future professional possibilities. In the present study, a review of the study plans of the Degree in Pedagogy in different Spanish universities is carried out. The objective is to assess whether there is an adaptation of the curricular subjects to the students and society’s demands. The results show a curricular diversification that encompass areas different from formal education. However, most of the educational offer in the non-formal, business, or institutional field is carried out through optional subjects. It has only been observed that some universities offer training in these fields within their basic or compulsory subjects. It could be considered, therefore, necessary both from the educational field and from the professional field that an adaptation of the study plans of the Degree in Pedagogy be carried out.This is what students are demanding in the recent years, so that the training of the future professionals will be to the social and working market needs. Although Pedagogy studies were originally designed to satisfy the needs of formal educational context, societal training or educational needs exist in other areas too. That is why the professional opportunities for these studies have been extended to new contextssuch as non-formal education or business. However,and despite the emergence of these new sources of employment for these professionals, some studies show that students are dissatisfied with training received during their university studies because they do not adjust to their future professional possibilities. In the present study, a review of the study plans of the Degree in Pedagogy in different Spanish universities is carried out. The objective is to assess whether there is an adaptation of the curricular subjects to the students and society’s demands. The results show a curricular diversification that encompass areas different from formal education. However, most of the educational offer in the non-formal, business, or institutional field is carried out through optional subjects. It has only been observed that some universities offer training in these fields within their basic or compulsory subjects. It could be considered, therefore, necessary both from the educational field and from the professional field that an adaptation of the study plans of the Degree in Pedagogy be carried out. This is what students are demanding in the recent years, so that the training of the future professionals will be to the social and working market needs. Pese a que los estudios de Pedagogía se diseñaron vinculados al contexto educativo formal, las necesidades formativas o educativas de la sociedad también existen en otros ámbitos. Es por ello por lo que las salidas profesionales para estos estudios se han ampliado a nuevos contextos como el no formal o el empresarial. No obstante, y pese al surgimiento de esos nuevos yacimientos de empleo para estos profesionales, algunos estudios muestran que el alumnado se encuentra insatisfecho con la formación recibida durante sus estudios universitarios por no ajustarse a dichas posibilidades profesionales futuras. En el presente estudio se realiza una revisión de los planes de estudio del Grado en Pedagogía en distintas universidades españolas. El objetivo es observar si existe una adaptación de las materias curriculares a las demandas por parte del alumnado y la sociedad. Los resultados apuntan a una diversificación curricular que abarcan otros ámbitos distintos del educativo formal. Sin embargo, la mayor parte de la oferta educativa en ámbitos no formales, empresariales o institucionales se realiza por medio de materias optativas. Tan solo se ha observado que algunas universidades que ofertan formación en estos ámbitos dentro de sus asignaturas básicas u obligatorias. Se podría considerar, por tanto, necesario tanto desde el ámbito educativo como desde el ámbito profesional que se realice una adaptación de los planes de estudio del Grado en Pedagogía, tal como viene demandando el alumnado en años recientes, para que la formación de los futuros profesionales en este sentido se adecúe a las necesidades sociales y del mercado laboral
Dor aguda pós-operatória em mulheres submetidas a cirurgia ginecológica
Get PDFIntroduction: Acute postoperative pain is a predictable problem whose prevention and adequate control can avoid unnecessary suffering, save healthcare resources and improve the quality of life of patients after gynecological surgery. Nurses are key players on the approach to pain, and they should be able to assess the different dimensions that constitute this phenomenon. Objectives: To identify characteristics of acute postoperative pain (intensity, severity, functional interference of pain) in patients undergoing gynecological surgery and analyze the relationship between psychological variables and acute postoperative pain in women undergoing gynecological surgery. Methodology: This is a descriptive, correlational and cross-sectional study. We had studied a sample of 76 women admitted to the Gynecology Service from a hospital in the north of Portugal. The questionnaire was applied in two moments: Moment I - preoperative evaluation performed after the admittance of patients to hospitalization; Moment II - on the second postoperative day, 48 hours after surgery. In addition to sociodemographic variables, the questionnaire integrated three instruments translated and validated for the Portuguese population, possessing good psychometric properties - Brief Pain Inventory (BPI), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Pain Associated Discouragement Scale (PCS). Results: The women were mostly aged between 48 and 57 years, married. In the postoperative period, the presence of pain was reported by 83.9% of women; post-operative anxiety had a mean value of 8.32 (SD=3.55), indicating mild levels of anxiety. It was observed that women had, on average, moderate postoperative pain (3.83±2.34). None of the psychological variables studied has shown to influence the intensity of PADO (p>0.05). In the same sense, the severity of pain wasn’t influenced by the level of anxiety or depression. Catastrophizing, on the other hand, determined significant differences (p=0.040). Conclusion: Acute pain in the post-operative period at gynecological surgery is an aspect that should concern health professionals, because pain control it’s a patients right namely for the quality of health services and care, and also for economic reasons, since that pain in the post-operative period it’s associated with slower recovery, more post-operative complications and longer hospital stays.Introdução: A dor aguda pós-operatória é um problema previsível, cuja prevenção e controlo adequado podem evitar sofrimento desnecessário, economizar recursos em cuidados de saúde e melhorar a qualidade de vida das doentes após cirurgia ginecológica. O enfermeiro é um elemento de referência na abordagem da dor, devendo saber valorizar as diferentes dimensões que constituem este fenómeno. Objetivos: Identificar características da dor aguda pós-operatória (intensidade, severidade, interferência funcional da dor) em doentes submetidas a cirurgia ginecológica e analisar a relação entre variáveis psicológicas e a dor aguda pós-operatória em mulheres submetidas a cirurgia ginecológica. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, correlacional e transversal. Estudou-se uma amostra com 76 mulheres internadas no Serviço de Ginecologia e um hospital do norte de Portugal. Utilizou-se o questionário aplicado em 2 momentos: Momento I - avaliação pré-operatória realizada após admissão das doentes no internamento; Momento II - no segundo dia de pós-operatório, 48 horas após a cirurgia. Além de variáveis sociodemográficas o questionário integrou três instrumentos traduzidos e validados para a população portuguesa, possuindo boas propriedades psicométricas - Inventário Resumido da Dor (BPI), Escala Hospitalar de Ansiedade e Depressão (HADS) e Escala de Desânimo Associada à Dor (PCS). Resultados: As mulheres tinham maioritariamente idades entre 48 e 57 anos, casadas. No período pós-operatório, a presença de dor foi referida por 83,9% das mulheres; a ansiedade pós-operatória apresentava um valor médio de 8,32 (DP=3,55), indicando níveis de ansiedade leves. Observou-se que as mulheres apresentavam, em termos médios, dor pós-operatória moderada (3,83±2,34). Nenhuma das variáveis psicológicas estudadas demonstrou influenciar a intensidade da DAPO (p>0.05). No mesmo sentido, a severidade da dor não se mostrou influenciada pelo nível de ansiedade ou de depressão. Já a catastrofização determinou diferenças significativas(p=0,040). Conclusão: Dor aguda no período pós-operatório em cirurgia ginecológica é um aspeto que deve preocupar os profissionais de saúde, pois o controlo da dor é um direito das doentes, por motivos relacionados com a qualidade dos serviços e cuidados de saúde, e também por motivos económicos, pois a dor no período pós-operatório está associada a uma recuperação mais lenta, mais complicações pós-operatórias e internamentos mais longos
Impacto de la covid-19 en actividades dinámicas/sedentaria y de interior/exterior al hogar entre abuelos varones y sus nietos/as
No full textThe influence of the Covid-19 pandemic on activities between grandparents and grandchildren, as well as their unequal interaction pattern, according to the gender of the grandparents, is a psychological field of growing interest. The objective of this work is to analyze the activities between a group of male grandparents and their grandchildren, in the family context of the pandemic. 65 male grandparents have participated, who have answered an interview on 60 of their grandchildren, in relation to their sociodemographic variables and on 40 shared activities of a dynamic / sedentary nature, indoors / outdoors at home; being alone with their grandchildren, or with their grandchildren and their wives, or both, before and during the pandemic. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential tests (ANOVA, Friedman). The results show that male grandparents carry out more sedentary than dynamic activities with their grandchildren, and more indoors than outdoors; Also, these shared activities occur more with grandchildren through daughters than sons. Regarding the types of accompaniment, they do not seem to distinguish between them, and during the pandemic these activities have decreased notably. It is concluded that, given the general decrease in interactions and the increase in sedentary activities, it is necessary to propose a greater intergenerational contact with more dynamic activities, due to its healthy effect on both generations. La influencia de la pandemia por Covid-19 en las actividades entre abuelos/as y nietos/as, así como su patrón de interacción desigual, según el género de los abuelos, es un campo psicológico de creciente interés. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar las actividades entre un grupo de abuelos varones y sus nietos/as, en el contexto familiar de la pandemia. Han participado 65 abuelos varones que han contestado a una entrevista sobre 60 de sus nietos/as, en relación a sus variables sociodemográficas y sobre 40 actividades compartidas de tipo dinámico/sedentario, de interior/exterior al hogar; estando solo con sus nietos/as, o con sus nietos/as y con sus esposas, o en ambas situaciones, antes y durante la pandemia. Los datos se analizaron mediante pruebas descriptivas e inferenciales (ANOVA, Friedman). Los resultados muestran que los abuelos varones realizan con sus nietos/as más actividades sedentarias que dinámicas, y más de interior que de exterior; también, esas actividades compartidas se dan más con nietos/as a través de hijas que de hijos. Sobrelostipos deacompañamiento no parecen distinguir entre ellas, y durante la pandemia esas actividades han disminuido notablemente. Se concluye que, ante el decremento general de interacciones y el aumento de actividades sedentarias, hay que proponer un mayor contacto intergeneracional con más actividades dinámicas, por su efecto saludable para ambas generaciones