Bogor Agricultural University

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    Analisis pengembangan strategi manajemen pelanggan internet rumahan pasca bayar (studi kasus PT XYZ Jakarta)

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    The increasing of the internet industry from year to year has increased significantly. The annual compound growth rate (CAGR) from 2007 to 2017 is about 21.76%. With the internet penetration rate about 54.68% from total population of Indonesia, making this industry will be growing up in the next years. However, the competition on this industry is also very high. The big players on this industry are Indihome and First Media facing new competitors like MyRepublic and MNC Play. PT. XYZ as a part of big telecommunication company in Indonesia is also entering the industry by launching home internet products with speeds of 5 Mbps, 15 Mbps, 30 Mbps, 100 Mbps and 1 Gbps. In collaboration with Google Indonesia, PT. XYZ bundles internet services with Google’s product Chromecast and Chromebook. Telephone services are also offered as a part of cooperation with parent company of PT. XYZ. In the beginning, the products offered to occupants of high rise building such as apartments in Jabodetabek, Bandung, Semarang and Surabaya. The characteristics of apartment occupants evidently affect to the customer churn rate. During the last 6 months from September 2017 to February 2018, the churn rate reaches 15% per month. This problem needs to be concern by the company because the cost of churned customer will impacted to the company revenue. With this approach, the purposes of this study are to analyze the profile of active and churn customers, analyze the factors that influence on customer churn, develop customer management strategy based on risk of customer churn. The data of this research is using PT. XYZ’s customer in Jakarta with the status is active or was churn about 17.798 in total. Variables used are demografics valiables including gender, age, ownership of residence, economic status of residence, and city. The behavior valiables used are payment method, ever blocked the service in the last 3 month, ever to change the speed. In addtition, the research also looks at the competition, internet speed, monthly internet fees, bundling with Google products, having telephone services, and the registration method. The result of logistic regression shows that the customer churn is has significantly affected by the experience of service blocking, ownership of residence, changing of speed, city, monthly internet fees, registration method, payment method by Gerai, economic class of residence, age, product speed and gender. PT. XYZ must consider that factors on designing company strategy to reduce churn. Otherwise, the output of logistic regression is the customer scoring on the risk of churn can be used to manage customer more effective. Survival analysis is used to analyze how long customer using company’s product services. Based on the product speed shows that the product with high speed is more longer to stay with the service than the product with lower speed. By knowing how long customer stay with the company service, then PT. XYZ can develop the program or strategy to increase customer value and optimize that as a result can be increasing the company revenue

    Analisis sikap karyawan sebelum dan sesudah kebijakan pemutusan hubungan kerja (studi kasus PT XYZ)

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    In carrying out its business activities, every company, including PT. XYZ will certainly make efficiency efforts by increasing production results as much as possible with decreasing total cost as much as possible. The profit decreasing was the strong reasons for the PT. XYZ to make efficiency. Termination of employment or layoffs is one of the policies that issued by PT. XYZ to support the efficiency. The impact of this policy was not only for employees who are affected by the termination of employment, but also for employees who still remain in the company. The condition of the employment termination policy had an impact on changes in employee behavior. From the results of preliminary observations at PT XYZ, changes in employee behavior could be seen from several variables such as employee performance, workload received by employees, employee work motivation, organizational culture and employee job satisfaction. This research was conducted through quantitative and qualitative approaches. Primary data collection was obtained from the employees of PT. XYZ with total employee were 30 people using questionnaires and in-depth interviews in the period August 2018 to Jauari 2019. The results of the questionnaire were analyzed using SPSS and the significance of the data was tested using the Paired T Test. This research was also supported by in-depth interviews which were analyzed earlier using narrative analysis. The results of this study found that employee termination had an impact on improving employee performance. Then the management of PT. XYZ was able to improve the implementation of work culture at work. In terms of workload, employees realize that the termination policy had an impact to their workload on company. Talk about work motivation, termination policies that have an impact on work motivation after the policy impelemented. However, the implementation of employment termination policies had an impact on decreasing employee job satisfaction when compared before the termination policies implemented by the compan

    Analisis Sikap Konsumen dan Willingness To Pay (WTP) pada Produk Buavita Royale

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    In the context of the National Nutrition Day which was held on January 25, 2017, the Central Statistics Agency stated that almost all of Indonesia's population was 97.92% consuming vegetables while 3 out of 4 Indonesians consumed fruit. This shows a significant increase in vegetable and fruit consumption patterns from year to year. However, vegetables and fruits are perishable or easily damaged so that it encourages entrepreneurs in the industrial sector to make Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) products, especially in the category Ready to Drink (RTD). PT Unilever Indonesia Tbk is one of the companies that participated in making RTD so that it became the first pioneer of bottled beverage makers named Buavita, especially in making bottled fruit juice. As time goes by and related to increased vegetable consumption, PT Unilever Indonesia Tbk made an innovation on Buavita products, by producing fruit juices and vegetables in one package, known as Buavita Royale so consumers can feel the benefits of vegetables and fruit in one package instantly. This study aims to determine consumer attitudes toward Buavita Royale products, analyze the factors that influence willingness to pay consumer (WTP) to Buavita Royale products, and measure the maximum value of willingness to pay consumers'(WTP) towards Buavita Royale products. The results of research on consumer attitudes towards Buavita Royale products using the Fishbein analysis method found that overall the results of the consumer trust attributes were then multiplied by the consumer evaluation attributes for Buavita Royale products getting a rating of 291.37 so that consumers were still willing to consume, buy and have the willingness to pay Buavita Royale products. Factors that can affect the willingness to pay consumer's (WTP) for Buavita Royale products in this study divide 2 categories of Buavita Royale product packaging sizes, 250 ml and 1000 ml packaging sizes, so that factors that affect consumers' desire to buy products are found. 250 ml packaging, such as 1) gender with an odd ratio value of 0.387 which means that men tend to buy products; 2) positive consumer attitudes towards Buavita Royale products with an odd ratio value of 3,845, which means positive consumer attitudes are proven to increase consumers' willingness to pay for Buavita Royale products; and 3) cheap prices with an odd ratio value of 15,887 which means consumers do not question the prices that have been circulating in the market so that prices that have been circulating for Buavita Royale products currently tend to increase consumers' willingness to pay for Buavita Royale products. The factors that influence consumer WTP on Buavita Royale products with 1000 ml packaging size are 1) gender with an odd ratio value of 0.355; 2) positive consumer attitudes towards Buavita Royale products with an odd ratio value of 6.091522; 3) cheap prices with an odd ratio value of 4.463791; and consumer variables that need RTD products because work has an odd ratio value of 0.355 which means the tendency to buy Buavita Royale products with 1000 ml packaging decreases because of the perspective that they work. The maximum value of consumer WTP for Buavita Royale products for 250 ml size with an average value of maximum price of Rp 8 226, while for 1000 ml size consumers are willing to pay the maximum price with an average price of Rp 30 01

    Inovasi, Bauran Pemasaran, Brand Image, dan Keputusan Penggunaan Layanan Pesan-Antar Makanan Online

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    The development of technology and information makes a company must innovate to create or update the products to be accepted by society. One of the uses of this technology is an online food delivery services that develop through online transportation, online restaurant delivery services, and platforms. The presence of online food delivery services is triggered by consumptive activities and the high mobility of some people, which demands of speed and practicality in all matters. This provides benefits in making it easier for people to get various choices of food and beverage variants without queuing and coming directly to the place to eat. In addition, online food delivery services also help culinary entrepreneurs to grow and be widely recognized. But on the other hand, similar companies will compete with each other to provide services that make consumers feel comfortable and satisfied in deciding their use. To create perfect competition and become a solution for companies that are lagging behind their competitors, this study aims to (1) identify innovation, marketing mix, and brand image on online food delivery services, (2) analyze the effect of innovation and marketing mix on online food delivery service brand image, (3) analyzing the influence of innovation, marketing mix, and brand image on the decision to use online food delivery service, and (4) formulating managerial implications that can be applied to companies in managing marketing activities of online food delivery service. This study located in Indonesia with the criteria of respondents are being users of online food delivery services, having ordered food through applications, and have used online food delivery services at least once in the last three months. Furthermore, data processing in this study is using Lisrel 8.80 software to analyze the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) method and SPSS 25 software for descriptive analysis. In this study, there were 15 services with the most users on GoFood, GrabFood, Pizza Hut Delivery (PHD), McDelivery Indonesia (McD), Domino’s Pizza Indonesia, KFC Home Delivery, Bungkus, Kulina, Yummy Box, NuFood, SheFood, OkeFood, Lumajang Go, Hokben Delivery, and GetFood. Data collected through a questionnaire distributed online through GoogleDocs to 292 respondents and it was found that users of online food delivery services were dominated by women aged 21 to 30 years and domiciled in Java. In addition, the average online food delivery service users are students and private employees with monthly income and expenses of less than IDR 2.000.000. The intensity of using online food delivery services are one to three times a week. The online food delivery services innovate in three dimensions of quality, variance, and style and design through attractive application designs and regular system updates, such as chat features that ease communication between consumers and drivers. Then the marketing mix on seven dimensions of the product, price, place, promotion, people, process, and physical evidence through the interesting advertisements and drivers attributes appropriate to the company and pay attention to consumers. Meanwhile, the brand image in three dimensions of strength, favorability, and uniqueness through services is always remembered by consumers when they are hungry and the payment rate is clear so that the service is considered to have a good reputation and credibility. The marketing mix has a significant effect on brand image, while innovation has no significant effect on the brand image of online food delivery service. If the company implements the marketing mix properly and correctly, so trust and a positive impression will arise in the minds of consumers, while innovation does not directly create a positive impression. Furthermore, innovation and marketing mix has a significant effect on decisions, while the brand image has no significant effect on the decision to use online food delivery services. The good innovation and marketing mix will increase the possibility for consumers to use the service, while the brand image cannot be an additional reference for consumers in deciding to use. Based on the results of this study, the suggested managerial implication is to improve marketing strategies through the availability of sufficient drivers for faster delivery times and promotional activities through electronic media by expanding the coverage area so that services can be recognized by the public at large. Also, companies need to develop innovation by creating distinctive features to make them different from competitors. For future researchers who want to continue this research, it is recommended to develop through other factors that can influence the decision to use online food delivery services besides innovation and marketing mix variables. Then it can be done further concerning the types of food and beverage that are most ordered by consumers in applications so it can be used as additional information for companies to develop the proper strategy

    Strategi Pengembangan Kompetensi Tenaga Kerja Industri Lulusan Sekolah Kejuruan

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    Indonesia has a demographic advantage where the number of productive age population is 67.53% or 201.185 million people. The number of labor force in Indonesia reaches 135.85 million people with an unemployment rate of above 5% each year. Of the total unemployment rate, vocational school graduates made a large contribution to the unemployment percentage of 10.42% (the Central Bureau of Statistics, 2019). Unemployment is caused by a lack of link and match between vocational schools and industry which causes a gap between vocational and industrial school graduates. Some of the causes of the gap are that the curriculum used is still oriented towards the number of graduates produced, the number of productive teachers is only 22% of the total requirement of 60%, practical learning patterns are only 40% of the 70% needs, most vocational schools do not have minimum standard equipment, and competencies teachers are still lagging behind the needs of industry (Industrial Human Resource Development Agency, 2019). To follow up on the gap problem, it is necessary to take concrete steps by stakeholders in order to reduce unemployment and support the growth of the industry in the country. This study aims to analyze the condition of the gap between vocational schools and industry so that the skills competencies needed by the industry can be identified. In addition, it can be taken into consideration for the government as the manager of national education in identifying the main factors causing problems in the competence of vocational school graduates. By identifying the main factors of these problems, stakeholders can formulate strategies for developing competency of vocational school graduates in facing the world of work. Data collection methods used in research are through in-depth interviews and surveys. The data analysis method used is AHP to determine priority weights. The results showed that three main factors influence vocational school graduates, namely competency infrastructure, competency-based education, and industrial needs. Actors who play a role in competency development are vocational schools, central government, local governments, and industry. The objectives that must be carried out by actors are the development of competency standards, improvement of practicum facilities and infrastructure, skill competencies, and increasing the role of industry in vocational education. The strategies that will be carried out by the actors to achieve the main target are the alignment of the curriculum, syllabus, and modules according to industry needs, meeting the needs of productive teachers and utilizing silver experts, fulfilling the needs for practicum infrastructure, organizing internship for students and industrial apprenticeships for teachers, providing incentives for the industry that carries out coaching and development of vocational schools and certification of student competencies. Based on the results of the AHP factor weighting, infrastructure has the highest weight and becomes the first priority including curriculum, practicum facilities and infrastructure, skill competence, and competency of teaching staff. In its implementation, the actors who play a role in developing the competence of industrial workers for vocational school graduates in priority order are vocational schools, industry, local government, and the central government. Each actor has a role in the goal of achieving strategic goals. The objectives to be achieved by the actors in the sequence are the development of competency standards, improvement of practicum facilities and infrastructure, adjustment of skill competencies, and increasing the role of industry in vocational education. To achieve the main target, namely the development of the competence of industrial workforce graduates of vocational schools in sequence, namely by aligning the curriculum, syllabus, and modules according to industry needs, meeting the ne

    Pengaruh Isu Cukai, Makroekonomi dan Kinerja Keuangan terhadap Return Saham Sub Sektor Plastik dan Kemasan 2012-2019

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    Indonesia is recorded as the second largest plastic waste producer in the world. In suppressing the amount of plastic waste, the government is formulating a plastic excise policy. The plastic excise policy was previously proposed in 2016, but there was no significant progress due to rejection from a number of industries. This causes uncertainty in stock market. Investors doubt to invest or even withdraw their funds. This research was conducted to analyze the effect of excise issues on stock returns in the plastic and packaging sub-sectors. The type of data in this study uses secondary data. Data taken form quarterly financial statements, stock prices, inflation, and other supporting data both through text books and the internet. The analytical method used in this research is descriptive analysis to describe the data, and panel data regression to analyze the effect of each variable. The sample used in this study are 10 companies in the plastic and packaging sub-sector. The results showed that the excise issue had a negative effect on stock returns. The issue of plastic excise gives a signal to the market about the condition of the plastic and packaging industry. Investors catch a signal if the tax has been applied, there will be a decline in sales. This declining sales can be caused by the excise imposed on consumers, so the price of goods with plastic packaging becomes more expensive. A more expensive price will make consumers limit their spending, and then causes declining sales. The decline in corporate profits has an impact on the decline in stock returns. Stock returns in the plastic and packaging sub-sectors are also influenced by inflation, DER, ROA, ROE, and NPM, while the variables Cash Ratio, Current Ratio, DAR, TATO, and FATO have no effect. This study recommends that investors should pay attention to any issues in market or government plans in formulating policies, before starting to invest or make transactions in stock market. For companies, a positive signal must always be built to attract transactions in the stock market. This study also recommends that government must immediately take a decision, either canceled or approved. This certainty is what investors and companies need in the stock market. Delaying the regulation can make the performance of plastic and packaging sub-sector companies even worse in stock market. Decisions taken by the government must consider the advantages and disadvantages. The effect of applying plastic excise to the environment must be proportional to its negative impact on the industry

    Strategi Keberlanjutan Bisnis Marikultur di Kepulauan Seribu

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    Marine culture is an alternative job for communites in the Kepulauan Seribu to fulfill their economic needs. The geographic location of the Kepulauan Seribu which consists of small islands supports the management of this business activity. One of the main commodities is the hybrid grouper, which is the result of a cross between tiger grouper Epinephelus fuscoguttatus and giant grouper Epinephelus lanceolatus. The use of hybrid grouper input is a solution to fish farmers’ society complaints about the long harvest period due to the use of non-hybrid grouper such as tiger grouper and humpback groupers. This study aims to analyze the production and investment feasibility of using hybrid grouper input and formulate several alternative strategies for the sustainability of the marine culture business in the Kepulauan Seribu. The data analysis method used is the Cobb-Douglas model to estimate the production input used and production optimization, the Stochastic Frontier Analysis model to estimate the risk from the use of production inputs, and financial and non-financial analyzes to assess the feasibility of the investment business. Furthermore, from the results of the analysis, the points of alternative strategies using the blue ocean strategy are formulated. Based on the results of the production estimation, the use of seed input, KJA, rearing period, and labor has an effect in increasing the production of hybrid grouper in the Kepulauan Seribu. The elasticity value of the use of these inputs is 1.489 which shows that the business is located in an irrational area (RTS > 1) so that it can still be increased or reduced for the use of its input to be in an optimal area. The results of the optimization show that the variable seed input and rearing period need to be increased, while work and labor need to be reduced for optimal production. Based on the estimation of risk, the inputs used for the variables of seed, maintenance period, and labor reduce risk and KJA increases risk. The business feasibility analysis is divided into three clusters. The first cluster has an NPV value of Rp 9,101,233,927; IRR 122 percent; Net B/C 3.9; PP 3.2 years, the second cluster NPV Rp 2,937,119,206; IRR 127 percent; Net B/C 4; PP 3 years, and the third cluster NPV Rp 2,189,009,750; IRR 107 percent; Net B/C 3.4; PP 3.7 years. The formulation of the resulting alternative strategy is to reduce used of KJA, eliminate the use of non-hybrid grouper input, raise the number of input for hybrid grouper and investors, and create market integration and online market

    Pengaruh Personality dan Promosi terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Anggota Zomato Gold dengan Pendekatan Model AISAS

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    The development of the internet of things (IoT) is widely used by companies from various sectors and scales to develop their company's business. IoT is widely used for marketing strategies for products or services that companies offer. The use of IoT for marketing through internet media is called digital marketing. Digital marketing media that are often used are websites, email, platforms, and social media. An essential element in digital marketing is digital assets such as reviews from consumers, which is a form of electronic word of mouth (eWOM). eWOM can influence consumer purchasing decisions because most consumers trust friends, family, or followers more than advertisements and expert opinions. This trend has contributed to the growth of communal rating systems such as Tripadvisor and Zomato. Zomato is a platform originating from India and has been present in Indonesia since 2013 as a reference for people to find restaurant information. Zomato in 2018 offers paid members called Zomato Gold, with benefits offered 1 + 1 for food and 2 + 2 for drinks at restaurants that work with zomato gold. Zomato uses a lot of social media, especially Instagram, to promote zomato gold. Apart from external factors, purchasing decisions are also influenced by internal factors, one of which is personality, in this study using the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) personality. MBTI focuses on attention, acceptance of information, making decisions, and interacting with the external environment. The development of IoT also influences changes in consumer behavior in the purchasing decision stage. It is very relevant to the marketing communication model developed from the impact of IoT development, namely the AISAS model (Attention, Interest, Search, Action, Share). The problems experienced by zomato, since the launch, the number of zomato gold memberships have not increased significantly, and every day the use of zomato gold benefits is only 4 percent of the total zomato gold members. So this research needs to be done to determine whether the effectiveness of promotion and internal factors (personality) influence the purchasing decisions of zomato gold members using the AISAS model approach. The data were obtained by giving the MBTI personality test and questionnaire to respondents online via email and social media. The number of respondents obtained in this study was 180 people. Data analysis is used with descriptive analysis to show respondents' characteristics and analysis of the relationship between variables using Structural Equation Modeling. This study indicates that the personality variable significantly affects two, namely the interest variable and the shared variable. The personality that has an interest is an extrovert and thinking personality. A personality who likes to share information, recommend and share experiences is an extrovert and intuition personality. The promotion variable only has a significant effect on the attention variable, and promotional advertising for the benefit of 1 + 1 food attracts zomato gold members' attention. The AISAS model stages that have a significant effect are the interest variable on the search variable, the search variable for the action variable, and the shared variable's action. This study concludes that personality and promotion do not significantly affect purchasing decisions with the AISAS model approach. Hence, zomato needs to carry out promotions with content tailored to the target market's personality and consider upload time on social media. Zomato also needs to increase the attention of zomato gold members to promotional advertisements; with increased attention, zomato gold members' interest will increase and will affect other AISAS stages, namely search, action, and share. Writing ratings and reviews need to be improved because the main factors in the purchasing decisions of zomato gold members are restaurant ratings and reviews. The most significant active zomato users are the younger generation; zomato needs to maximize social media, which is currently in demand by the younger generation to carry out promotions. The social media widely used by the younger generation is Instagram, and zomato has many followers on Instagram accounts

    Deposan Inti dan Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhinya: Perbandingan Bank Syariah dan Bank Konvensional

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    Islamic banking grows promisingly in line an increase public confidence in Islamic business and economy. Even though there is an increase in terms of assets, financing and deposits, there has been a slowdown in business growth in the last five years, due to (i) the high cost of funds, (ii) low public understanding and awareness so that Islamic bank depositors are only dominated by certain group or categories commonly called core depositors, (iii) the behaviors of core depositors which: (a) tend to carry out displaced commercial risk, (b) may withdraw funds or disbursement of deposits at any time, (c) have two or more accounts (conventional and Islamic banks) in order to transfer funds among banks. In fact, financial crisis, inflation and economic growth are believed influencing such depositors behaviors in placing their funds in banks. In addition, the problem of core depositors behaviors could also cause liquidity imbalance in banks which is dominated by short-term funding with longer term financing tenors. These conditions must be the focus of banks to mitigate liquidity risks in order to increase profitability and business performance. This study aims to compare the sensitivity of core depositors in both Islamic and conventional banks, by: (1) analyzing factors affecting the sensitivity of core depositors of both Islamic and conventional banks, (2) identifying effects of core depositors to the liquidity risk management of both Islamic and conventional banks, (3) improving strategies in increasing bank liquidity to be an early warning indicator to predict liquidity pressures coming from less sensitive core depositors. The method used is a dynamic model called Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model by using secondary data (time series from 2013- 2018). The results showed that core depositors of Islamic banks were more sensitive to the performance of Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) with a significant positive effect of 6.04%. Meanwhile, macroeconomic factors namely Repo Rate (RRA) and Foreign Exchange (FEX) were responded negatively with significant negative effects of 50.46% and 0.1% by core depositors. In contrast with Islamic bank core depositors of behaviors, core depositors of the conventional banks were more sensitive to Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR) indicating the bank‟s performance with a significant negative effect of 11.82%, and responded positively with Repo Rate (RRA) representing macroeconomic indicators with a positive effect of 78.45%. Causality Granger test result which identifies the effect of core depositors to liquidity risk through the Financial to Deposit Ratio (FDR), showed no causality correlation between FDR to core depositors in Islamic banks. However, different conditions were found in the conventional bank one in which causal relationship between Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR) to core depositors did exist and vice versa. This fact is influenced by the stable number of core depositors, while the number of loans increases with the Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR) average more than 90%

    Strategi pemasaran air minum dalam kemasan Perum Jasa Tirta II

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    Bottled Water (AMDK) Industry has been growing in recent years as the population rise. A number of factors such as middle-income population growth, compromised water sanitation, decreasing water quality due to pollution and environmental damage, as well as practicality reasons have contributed to the 12,5% increase in AMDK consumption from 2019 until 2014. Indonesian Bottled Water Company Association (Aspadin) recorded that AMDK sales volume surged from about 12,8 million litre in 2009 to 23,1 million litre in 2014. Until the first quarter of 2015, the sales volume of AMDK has reached 5,8 million litre. Perum Jasa Tirta II (PJT II), as a State-owned Company taking the form of Public Corporation, attempts to gain a market share in the bottled water industry by catering to consumers in West Java area. In 2013, the corporation founded a business unit in Purwakarta, Jawa Barat, whose objective is to produce and market AMDK with “Jatiluhur” as its brand and “Demineral Water” as its product specialization. Based on current issues faced by the company, this study aims to identify the market structure of AMDK industry in Indonesia, analyze the distribution efficiency of AMDK PJT II, analyze the marketing strategy and market competitiveness of the “Jatiluhur” brand, and formulate alternative marketing strategy to contend with the competition in bottled water industry. The results showed that the factors that caused the company's performance to decline were caused by low market share and sales (not on target) and high distribution costs. The company's internal and external environmental conditions are in quadrant V (maintain and maintain) with an IFE score of 2.41 and an EFE score of 2.96. The results of the BCG analysis see that PJT II AMDK is in Question Mark condition with a high growth rate but the market share is still low. Alternative strategies produced by the QSPM matrix produce 6 major strategies viz. (1) increasing sales through BUMN synergy (2) establishing a subsidiary as a leader in the consolidation of AMDK businesses owned by SOEs (3) developing distribution with distributor networks (4) optimizing and synchronizing operational, marketing and logistics activities (5) increasing quantity and HR and ICT competencies in supporting the AMDK business (6) conducting sustainable marketing activities to create brand awareness and improve the AMDK market image, especially marketing on a national scale. The managerial implication of this research is strategic activity plans are formulated into a strategic plan for the next five years (2020-2023)

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