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Pengaruh faktor pemilihan minuman dan sikap terhadap preferensi dan perilaku konsumsi teh hitam dan teh hijau
Get PDFTea has been a popular beverage in the world after mineral water. Indonesia is one of world tea producers, however tea consumption in Indonesia is still low. Domestic tea market only absorbs 40 percent of national tea production and the rest are still exported to the other countries, that indicates that Indonesian tea farmers are still export-oriented and Indonesian tea export volume mostly still in bulk form. The processed tea industry showed a positive trend, this condition shows the existence of great opportunity for the tea downstream industry in developing the domestic tea products in the form of brewed tea, dipped tea, and RTD tea. Therefore, the marketers need to understand the consumer characteristics in making products purchasing decision. This research aims to: 1) analyze beverage choice factor, attitude, preference, and consumption behaviour of black tea and green tea; and 2) analyze the effect of beverage choice factor, attitude, and preference on consumption behaviour of black tea and green tea.
The sampling method used in this research is non-probability sampling with convenience sampling technique. The respondent criterion is people who have consumed black and green tea in the last three months. The data are collected using online questionnaire. This research employs descriptive analysis, Partial Least Square (PLS) analysis, Fishbein multi-attribute analysis, and conjoint analysis. The data obtained are processed using Microsoft Excel 2013 and Smart PLS 2.0.
In terms of BCF internal factors, the indicator of taste has the highest contribution and the indicators of advertisrment has the highest contribution to reflect BCF external factors. The result of Fishbein multi-attribute attitude analysis showed that attitude on health claim on green tea is higher than on black tea. This indicates that respondents believe more that green tea owns health benefit compared to black tea. On the other hand, black tea excels in these following product attributes: price, aroma, taste, brand, and the ease of obtaining compared to green tea. The result of conjoint analysis revealed that the most favored tea product combination is black tea in the form of tea bag, while green tea in the form of loose leaf tea is the most unfavored by respondents. The expenditure to purchase black tea is higher than green tea. This indicates that the preference of respondents on black tea is higher than on green tea.
Beverage Choice Factor (BCF) has a significant effect on consumer preference. In contrast, attitude has no significant effect on consumer preference. Preference has a significant effect on consumption behaviour. The managerial implication to improve the purchasing behaviour is by paying attention to the significant indicators on BCF variable and benefits or tea consumption benefits or situation which is according to the needs of the respondents. Product development through taste and aroma variants that provide freshness for consumers is required, as well as not forgetting the property of tea itself
Calendar anomaly dan kapitalisasi pasar : analisis pada pasar saham indonesia
Get PDFStock market anomaly is defined as an abnormality that occurs on the stock trading that causes investor to have the opportunity to obtain abnormal return that should not be possible according to efficient market hypothesis (EMH) (Singh 2014). Calendar anomaly, one of stock market anomalies, is the repeating pattern that only occurs at certain times, such as on a particular month or day (Deyshappriya 2014). Two forms of calendar anomalies that widely studied are month of the year anomaly (MOYA), also known as the January effect, and day of the week anomaly (DOWA) (Dicle and Levendis 2012, Darrat et al. 2011, Das and Rao 2011, Bouman and Jacobsen 2002). Each type of calendar anomaly can be exploited to construct a trading strategy. MOYA, for instance, contain the opportunity to obtain abnormal return by buying stocks on January. Whereas DOWA, indicates that investors could obtain highest return on Friday. Numerous findings of calendar anomaly in many countries indicate that those countries stock markets are still inefficient. Indonesia is one of the countries that also experience calendar anomaly (Anwar and Mulyadi 2012, Iramani and Mahdi 2006, Werastuti 2012, Naughton and Veeraghavan 2005).
There is another theory about calendar anomaly which states that the anomaly tends to occur in small cap stocks (Bodie et al. 2008). To clarify the theory, analysis of calendar anomaly needs to be done on different stock capitalization. When different patterns of anomalies are found in different stock capitalization, different strategies should be formulated for each type of capitalization. Another interesting thing that can be analyzed related to calendar anomaly is to analyze whether calendar anomaly also exist on individual stocks, unlike most of the previous studies that only analyzed at market level (indices) (Dicle and Levendis 2012).
In this study the indices used are LQ45 and Pefindo25. The LQ45 index is used to describe the "behavior" of large capitalization stocks while the Pefindo25 index is used to represent a group of stocks with medium and small market capitalization. The analysis of the existence of MOYA and DOWA is done both on index level and individual stock level. The number of stocks observed is 58 stocks, 35 shares of the LQ45 index and 23 shares of the Pefindo25 index. Those stocks are the most commonly listed stocks on both indices during the observation period of 2010-2015. To examine the existence of DOWA and MOYA in stock returns dummy variables regression model was used. With daily or monthly return as dependent variable and days or months as independent dummy variables. The regression model was estimated using two estimator options namely Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) method and ARCH / GARCH Model. Estimator applied for each model is depends on wether or not the problem of heterokedastisitas in the return series.
DOWA is found both in LQ45 and Pefindo25, with Monday having the lowest return and Wednesday has the highest return. In individual stocks DOWA more occur in LQ45 that is at 74.29 percent of shares than Pefindo which only occurs in 47.38 percent shares. On the individual stocks level DOWA is mostly found in LQ 45 stocks, which is found 74.29 percent of total LQ45 stocks, rather than Pefindo25 which is only found in 47.38 percent of total Pefindo25 stocks. The difference between the returns on Wednesday and the other days on the LQ45 index ranged from 0.15 to 0.41 percent, while in Pefindo25 the difference ranged from 0.15 to 0.32 percent. DOWA pattern on Indonesia stock market is alleged to have shifted from previous DOWA pattern finding that was Monday as the day with lowest return and Thursday as day with highest return. MOYA is found on index LQ45 with pattern that is March as month with highest return and August as month with lowest return, whereas at index Pefindo25 only found August as month with lowest return. MOYA on the LQ45 index only occurs in 45.71 percent of the stocks while in Pefindo25 the number is fewer that only 34.78 percent of stocks. March return of LQ45 is 1.18 to 8.4 percent higher than of other months. The low return of August allegedly due to the influence of the Eid holiday that often fall in August and around August in the observed period. The period of holiday is suspected to cause a decline in stock trading activity that ultimately lowers the return
Analisis daya saing dan strategi pengembangan industri tekstil dan produk tekstil di indonesia
Get PDFTextile industry playing a key role in Indonesian economy as foreign exchange earner of non-oil exports, employment, and domestic fulfillment needs. But in the last few years, the competitiveness of the industry declining and had the negative stigma as a sunset industry. It is figured by a negative growth, declining of export value and amount of labor is reduced. The development of the industry is not in line with the domestic and global consumption world that continue to rise. Therefore, the negative stigma as a sunset industry should be eliminated because of it’s role the main employer in Indonesia and source of income for capital development. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze associated with this industry's competitive position, so as to capital to convince banks.
Based on the description above, the problems that will be studied in this research is to determine how the position of competitiveness Indonesia's textile industries today? what factors there are affecting the competitiveness of the textile industry? and what strategy to improve the competitiveness of the textile industry?. The analytical method used RCA, CMS and gap analysis using the factors of competitiveness of International Institute for Management Development (IMD) to determine the competitiveness of the industry today, Strategic Assumption Surfacing and Testing (SAST) with the diamond porter’s to analyze the factors, and formulating strategies with Analytic Network Process (ANP).
The results of the condition analysis of the industry obtained from RCA calculation, indicates competitiveness of Indonesia textile industry is still quite good with RCA> 1, but for the world market and several major destinations such as the US and European, competitiveness Indonesian textile products tend to decrease. As for the Japanese market and value trends, RCA Turkey has increased. When viewed from the type of industry in general value of RCA in each sector of the value chain of the textile industry had RCA pretty good, but the weakest sector was the otehrs textile industry. The results of the calculation using CMS shown for the world market, US and the European Union 28, import growth effect is as well as the competitiveness effects have negative values which indicates the competitiveness of textile products began to decline. Growth in imports of such key markets also decreased in the period 2011-2015. As for the Japanese market and Turkey, competitiveness effect is positive. Likewise, if seen from the types of products in the value chain of the textile industry shows that the effect of the import demand is negative in the period 2011-2015 but the effects of commodity composition and competitiveness effect tends to be negative, especially for fabric, apparel, and other textiles, whereas for fibers and yarns, the effect of competitiveness and commodity composition generally is positive. The results of the analysis with the model IMD shows that the gap biggest found in 10 (ten) sub-factors and the inequalities biggest contributions from the domestic economy (33.33%) and 9 (nine) sub other factors and the inequalities 28.57%, ie contribution to international trade, contributing in attracting foreign investment, public financing (the budget for financing such infrastructure, R & D, etc.), fiscal
policy (tax incentives in building/plant development, export incentives, etc.), business rules (stability of exchange rates, interest rates, capital costs, transparency of policy government, bureaucracy, bribery, corruption, etc.), the institutional framework (laws and business regulations with regard to licensing, investment, competition, employment, customs duties etc.), HR productivity (efficient production), financial (banking efficiency and market share, financing requirements, the level of corporate debt, investment risk, etc.), infrastructure, research and development (R&D budgets, availability and quality of researchers, collaborative R&D institutions, etc.).
Meanwhile, the results SAST, known that there major strategic indicators related with competitiveness of textile industry were availability of both quantity and quality and the ease of obtaining raw materials and auxiliary materials and the development of the industry, quality, price and on-time delivery as well as customer satisfaction, machining technology and process technology textiles, aged machinery/equipment production largely aging an obstacle to competition, productivity and skills of human resources and support educational institutions, capital, including markets and financial institutions, consumption and protection of the domestic market, growth export, linkages among sectors in the textile industry and R&D including support R&D institutions, government's role in trade policy, incentives, policies and other relevant regulations, investment climate.
The best strategy alternative according to four scenarios in ANP-BOCR are business climate improvement and investment incentives for raw materials, auxiliaries, accessories and machinery/equipment for standard, optimistic and pessimistic scenarios; also increase in exports and expansion of markets policies through trade and cooperation abroad for the realistic scenario. The lowest strategy alternative being chosen by the experts and/or practitioners is an improvement of innovation, R&D, and improvement to access sources of capital and strengthening support markets and financial institution
Analisis kepuasan pelanggan di persewaan gedung perkantoran
Get PDFThe business conditions of office building leasing are now fraught with challenges, this is due to the increase in the number of new buildings, coupled with the declining economic growth this triggers intense competition among businesspeople. In strict competition conditions finding new customers requires greater cost and time when compared to retaining existing customers. In addition it keeps customers much cheaper for the company, than looking for new customers. One of the barriers to moving (switching barrier) that can be done to retain customers is by forming loyalty to customers. Customer satisfaction is one indicator of the success of a business, including customer satisfaction with office building rental.
The objectives to be achieved in this research are as follows: 1) To analyze customer satisfaction of Wisma ABC to service from building management. 2) Analyze what factors can improve the building service. 3) Develop and analyze the factors that affect the quality of service. Data collection method ie survey by distributing questionnaires to Person in Charge of each tenant, besides that also conducted interview to PIC. The analysis used three analytical tools, are Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI), Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) through Partial Least Squares (PLS) approach.
Overall consumer satisfaction towards manager of the building has a CSI amounted to 80.29%. CSI value of this means that the overall respondents considered satisfied with the performance provided by the building management. IPA stated that the main priority that managers must upgrade, as follows: Accessible easily; Speed of customer fulfillment process; Ease of obtaining licensing documents; and Ease of arrangement for parking and access card subscriptions. SEM PLS can measure factors that affect the quality of services, Results indicate bootstrapping assurance and empathy have a significant effect on satisfaction with the value of t-statistic > t-table (1.96) at the 5% significance level. As for accessibility, reliability and responsiveness showed no significant effect on the satisfaction of having the value of t-statistics = t-table (1.96). Assurance has an influence on the satisfaction of 0.593 means increasing assurance it will further enhance the satisfaction
Analisis persaingan jeruk impor dan jeruk lokal
Get PDFIndonesia is faced by global competition, demanding it to strengthen the domestic industry in order to survive and continue to grow. Competition with imported products should be noted that Indonesian local products could be remained competitive in both the domestic and international markets. Horticulture sub-sector in particular fruit commodities is not fully developed, so the government opened the import of fruit to meet the needs of domestic consumption. The imported fruits were increasing year to year which adversely affected the Indonesia’s trade balance. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the competitiveness, in order to maintain the existence of domestic fruit or even to improve the promotion of exports to other countries. One of the fruits currently prioritized to be developed is oranges. National citrus production tends to decrease, indicating that Indonesia has not been able to maintain the level of national citrus production. The availability of seasonal oranges provide an opportunity for the imported citrus products to substitute the local oranges.
Currently Oranges imports are dominated by China, which reached 72.27% of Indonesia’s citrus import. The other origin countries of imported citrus to Indonesia are Pakistan (16.44%), Argentina (6.23%), and Australia (4.58%). In the era of free trade, the competition between fresh local oranges and fresh imported oranges will be intensified to compete for the high market share of fresh orange consumers in Indonesia. So, the purpose of this study is to analyze the competition between local citrus and imported citrus, through the approach of Indonesia's total expenditure of oranges. The analytical method used is the Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS).
The results shows that the local citrus oranges are competed with the citrus imports from China. It is indicated by the positive cross elasticity value (substitution), or in the other words, the two commodities are interchangeable. Whereas the complementary relationship is shown by the cross elasticity between local citrus Indonesia and citrus imports from Pakistan. This is caused by the influence of the harvest season and the dry season between the same local citrus production in Indonesia and citrus imports in Pakistan. Indonesia needs to increase the number of total expenditure for citrus, by increasing the consumption of oranges per capita. Therefore, the market share of Indonesian oranges will be higher than the market share of China and Pakistan citrus because the elasticity of expenditure for Indonesian local citrus production is higher than the other two countries
Pengukuran daya saing jeruk lokal dan jeruk impor berdasarkan preferensi konsumen
Get PDFIndonesia is faced by global competition, demanding it to strengthen the domestic industry in order to survive. The competition with other imported products should be noted; therefore Indonesian local products could be remained competitive in both domestic and international markets. Horticulture sub-sector especially fruit commodities is not fully develop, so the government opened the fruit import policy to meet a demand of domestic consumption. National orange production tends to decreasing, that indicate Indonesia has not been able to maintain the level of national orange production. The availability of seasonal orange provide an opportunity for the imported orange products to substitute the local orange. The imported fruits were increasing year by year and it caused by the shifting of consumer preferences. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the competitiveness, in order to maintain the existence of domestic fruit or even to improve the promotion of exports to other countries. In the era of free trade, the competition between fresh local oranges and fresh imported oranges will be intensified to compete for the high market share of fresh orange consumers in Indonesia.The purpose of this study is to analyze the competition between local orange and imported orange, using the approach of consumer preferences to measure price competitiveness, quality competitiveness and also factors that affect consumer preference of fresh local orange and fresh imported orange. The analytical method used in this study are price competitiveness analytical through t test, sign test, and tukey test, conjoint analysis to analyze consumer preferences of orange attributes, and the factor that affect consumer preference with discriminant analysis. The result shows that the price of fresh imported orange less significant than the price of any fresh local orange. Based on conjoint analysis obtained in this study indicate that the local orange attributes are most important to respondents is taste. The preferences of respondents to the imported orange attributes based on their importance are color and size. The preffered quality that offered from consumer is oranges which has sweet flavour, orange-yellowish colour, and big size of fruit. Factors that affecting the preferenced respondents to local orange are personal factors, intrinsic factors, socio-economics factors, and educations factors. Factors that affecting the preferenced respondents to imported orange are personal factors, intrinsic factors, and socio-economics factors. Most factors that affecting consumer preferences on both kinds of oranges, intrinsic factors that made the difference or the most dominant factors that affect consumer preference. Intrinsic factors consist of taste, skin color, fruit size, fruit shape, freshness, fruit water content, and fruit smell
Analisis minat penggunaan bus transjakarta
Get PDFCongestion is a common problem in big cities, including Jakarta as a special area of the capital. The congestion is caused by several factors, such as the high level of traffic activity, the movement within the city of Jakarta, or the vehicles entering and leaving Jakarta, the increasing number of vehicles, as well as the imbalance between road growth and the increasing number of vehicles. The government as a regulator has issued several policies related to the congestion, such as the enactment of odd or even numbers in different day, progressive taxes for those who has more than one vehicle, and so on.
The congestion problem in Jakarta can be reduced by the use of mass public transportation such as Transjakarta. However, people's intention in using Transjakarta is still low. There are still many people choose private vehicles than public transportation. The use of private vehicles actually made traffic conditions more crowded.
This study aims to describe the behavior of private vehicle users. Analyzing factors influencing intention to use Transjakarta buses, as well as managerial implications related to the intention to use Transjakarta. The data used in this study is primary data taken by using questionnaires to respondents with certain criteria (purposive sampling). Data was collected from March to May 2017. The number of samples collected for 190 respondents. Spearsman and Pearson test were conducted to see the correlation between demographics of respondents with intention to use Transjakarta. Structural Equation Model (SEM) is used to test the correlation of variables that may affect intention in using Transjakarta.
The findings in this study indicate that intention to use Transjakarta has no correlation with gender, educational background, and age. Transport costs indicate a correlation with intention to use Transjakarta. The results of the test of latent variables reveal that personal norms, social influences, and perceived quality has significant affect with intention to use of potential users.
Based on the results of this study the government as regulator and PT Transjakarta as service provider can develop some service and education strategy to increase public intention to use Transjakarta. Increase public awareness of possible environmental impacts caused by the use of private vehicles, and increase awareness of Transjakarta products through various media
Pengaruh budaya perusahaan dan manajemen pengetahuan terhadap environmental responsiveness capability pt sierad produce tbk
Get PDFThe increasing in national demand of chicken meat provides a large market potential for poultry farming companies. The large number of Indonesian’s population, positive population growth, more affordable price, and improved living standards contribute to the increase in demand. However, the dynamic environmental conditions of the poultry industry impact not only on operational activities but also on corporate profits. Changes that occur in the external environment make company needs to have the ability to be responsive. Corporate resposivity can be realized by controlling the internal environment of the company, one of them is by paying attention to corporate culture and knowledge management.
The objectives of this research are to analyze the influence of corporate culture and also knowledge management to environmental responsiveness capability, to analyze the influence of corporate culture to knowledge managenet, and to formulate a recommendation about environmental responsiveness capability. The research was conducted at PT Sierad Produce, Tbk which is an integrated poultry company. Respondents of this research are employees of PT Sierad Produce, Tbk with minimum position as supervisor. The number of respondents in this study was 73 people, chosen by using convenience sampling as sampling technique. Processing techniques and data analysis used in this study are descriptive statistical analysis, spearman correlation, and structural equation modeling-partial least square (SEM-PLS).
The results of this study indicate that corporate culture has a positive influence on environmental responsiveness capability. Corporate culture also has a positive effect on knowledge management. In addition, knowledge management positively affects environmental responsiveness capability. In this study, knowledge management has a greater influence on environmental responsiveness capability compared to corporate culture. It shows that company needs well-managed and renewable knowledge to be responsive to changes in the business's external environment
Pengaruh kohesivitas dan kepuasan kerja terhadap organizational citizenship behavior (ocb) di pt agricon
Get PDFPT Agricon is one of the largest agrochemical or pesticide producers in Indonesia. To face competition among companies who is alike, PT Agricon need to have quality resources in order to produce a good performance. An organization would want the loyalty of its employees. Hence the extra role behavior of employees becomes a demand for the organization nowadays. One of the extra-role behaviors expected by the company is Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB).
This study aims to determine how the level of cohesiveness and job satisfaction in PT Agricon so that employees in it can apply OCB. By using purposive sampling technique as sample selection technique, questioner is distributed to 120 respondents. Structural Equation Model (SEM) analysis is used to analyze the effect of cohesiveness and job satisfaction on OCB, T-test and ANOVA to analyze the correlation of latent variable with respondent characteristic and mean score to analyze respondent perception on cohesiveness, job satisfaction and OCB.
The result of the mean score analysis showed that the cohesiveness level at PT Agricon was in high criterion with the average value of 3.48, the level of job satisfaction was in moderate criteria (3.39) and OCB was in high criterion (3.72). In addition, the result of SEM analysis shows that the cohesiveness in PT Agricon comes from the dimension of attraction to the group social with the loading factor of 0.98, the job satisfaction in terms of satisfaction with the work itself with the loading factor of 0.85 and OCB comes from the civic dimension of virtue with loading factor of 0.88. The results of this study indicate the cohesiveness and job satisfaction has a positive and significant influence on OCB of 0.26 which can be concluded that the closer the cohesiveness of the employee the higher the job satisfaction felt by employees so that high satisfaction will be involved in the application of OCB on the environment wor
Analisis integrasi dan asimetri harga karet tsr20 indonesia dengan harga tsr20 dunia
Get PDFRubber is one of the important plantation commodities for Indonesia. Indonesia's rubber production in 2014 reached 3.606 million tons, of the total production 2.623 million tons or equivalent to 83.20% in exports to various countries. The export volume of natural rubber TSR20 type is the largest, reaching 90.94%. Therefore TSR20 rubber is the most important rubber in Indonesian rubber trade. With the export volume compared to domestic consumption, the Indonesian rubber market depends on the world market. Indonesia's main rubber market is the United States, the volume of exports to the United States reached 24.21% in 2015. While until now the price of rubber formed in the Indonesian market, influenced by the price formed on the futures market Singapore (SICOM).
This study aims to: (1) analyze the price integration between TSRI, TSRS and TSRNY (2) analyze the asymmetry relationship of TSRI, TSRS and TSRNY (3) analyze the managerial implications of TSRS and TSRNY price changes on TSRI. This study uses monthly data series of time series from 2010 to 2016. The analysis is done using Asymmetric Error Correction Model (AECM).
The results of the analysis show that TSRI, TSRS and TSRNY markets have been integrated. While the relationships between these markets are: (1) causality between the TSRI and TSRS markets, the TSR20 price in the TSRI market is affected by the TSRS market but the TSRI market does not affect the TSRS price. (2) causality between the TSRI market and TSRNY, causality between these two markets influences each other, meaning that if a price change in one market will affect the price of other markets. (3) causality between TSRS and TSRNY, the relationship between these markets influence each other so that if there is a change of price in one market will affect other markets.
The results of AECM analysis show that the price of TSRI in the short term is influenced by TSRS price in period t, TSRNY in period t and TSRI price in period t-1. The symmetry relationship occurs between the TSRS market and the TSRI market in both the short and long term. The relationship of this symmetry causes if there is a price change in one period in TSRS market then the price in TSRI market will change in that period. While the asymmetry relationship between TSRNY market to TSRI market is significant, it means that there is an asymmetry relationship between TSRNY market to TSRI market. This illustrates that any short-term price changes in the TSRNY market will not be immediately forwarded to the TSRI market, whereas in the long run there will be no price equilibrium between the TSRNY market and the TSRI market.
The managerial implications that can be made when the price falls, the company must reduce its production and some of the products that have been produced can be stored in the storage warehouse. Therefore when the price falls, the company must take into account the appropriate production and inventory levels so that losses can be minimized until the price returns to normal. While when prices rise companies should be able to see these opportunities. When the price goes up the production can be increased to the optimum point. While the
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stock of goods stored when prices fall in the previous period can be issued to obtain a large profit margin. From the marketing side of the improvement opportunity, it should be utilized as much as possible in order to get a good profit