Journal for ReAttach Therapy and Developmental Diversities (JRTDD)
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Assessment Of Clinical Profile And Outcome Of Newborn Babies Admitted To The Hospital, A Level 2 Neonatal ICU: A Tertiary Care Centre At Northern India.
No full textBackground: The neonatal period is the most vulnerable time for a child’s survival. There is a high risk of mortality in their first month of life at a global rate of 18 deaths per 1,000 live births in 2017. 47% of deaths among children under five were newborns in 2017 . In 2016, 1 million children died from preterm birth complications . The neonatal mortality rate in India is 28 per 1000 live birth and In 2020, the infant mortality rate in the state of Uttar Pradesh in India was 38 deaths per 1,000 live births. Infant mortality is measured by the number of deaths of children under one year of age per 1,000 live births.
Aims and Objectives: To assess the clinical profile and outcome of newborn babies admitted to the hospital, a level 2 neonatal ICU.
Materials and Methods: The present study is a retrospective descriptive study. The study was conducted at S.M.M.H. Government Medical College, Saharanpur, Uttar Pradesh, and F.H Medical College Agra, Uttar Pradesh, Bharat. The data was taken from the our hospital records over a period of one year May 2022 to April 2023 all newborn admitted during the study period were included. Data regarding the place of delivery, inborn delivery or out born, gender, gestational age, weight on admission, Indication for admission, mode of delivery, final diagnosis, duration of stay and treatment outcome were collected.
Results and Observations: Data regarding a total of 880 neonates were admitted to our hospital during the study period of one year between May 2022 to April 2023 was analyzed. Study showed the number of male babies was more than female babies. 79.6% of babies were term babies and 20.3% of babies were preterm among them 2.1% of babies were below 32 weeks. 61.8% of babies were more than 2500 gm, 36.3 %babies were in low birth weight, 1.7% were in very low birth weight and 0.2 % were in extremely low birth weight.
Conclusion: The present study showed high proportions of inborn infants (89.5%). There were more number of male infants admitted to our hospital . The commonest cause for admission was neonatal jaundice 31.5%.The incidence of LBW was 38.2 % higher than the national average. The percentage of preterm babies admitted was 20.6%. The mode of delivery by caesarean section was 46.2%.The incidence of Respiratory distress syndrome 15.6%, birth asphyxia 12.8%, Neonatal sepsis 7.42%, Meconium aspiration was6.6% and hypoglycaemia was 2.2% respectively. The mortality rate in our hospital was 0.9%. The referral rate was 13.5% in the present stud
The Niosomes: An Overview In Ocular Drug Delivery System As An Advanced Approach
No full textEye infections are a common issue in primary care and a significant healthcare concern. Conditions such as conjunctivitis, epithelial keratitis, and glaucoma represent prevalent infectious diseases affecting the eye. Patients afflicted with these infections commonly experience symptoms such as inflammation, eye pain, redness, watery release, and unclear vision. Topical formulations are recommended for treating eye infections due to their ease of use. However, effectively delivering drugs to various eye structures and addressing ocular problems presents challenges.Presently, topical eye drops are the primary method for treating anterior eye conditions. Regrettably, these ophthalmic solutions are quicklyeliminated from the eye’s surface, resulting in limited drug availability. Therefore, the progress of innovative drug delivery systems capable of sustaining drug concentration over extended periods is essential. Nanotechnology has emerged as a promising field in ophthalmology, offering specialized carriers like Niosomes, Liposomes, and polymer-based vesicles to enhance drug transfer and release, thus improving drug effectiveness.Niosomes, in particular, have garnered attention due to their stability in comparison to Liposomes, which can degrade under specific conditions. Niosomes are created by the mixture of non-ionic surfactants and cholesterol using different strategies such as Thin Film Hydration, Ether Injection, Sonication, Reverse Phase Evaporation, Bubble Formation, Hand Shaking, Heating, Freeze and Thaw, among others. These Niosomes can then be transformed into Niosomal Gel by incorporating Carbopol 934. The prepared Niosomal Gel is subject to evaluation through various parameters, including Transmission Electron Microscopy, Entrapment Efficiency, pH Determination, Stability Analysis, Viscosity Measurement, and In Vitro Drug Release, among others
Synthesis Of Copper Oxide Nanoparticles From Tulsi and Neem Leaf Extract And Study their antibecterial effect.
No full textThis research paper explores the green synthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles using leaf extract as a reducing agent and investigates their antibacterial properties. The eco-friendly synthesis method offers a sustainable approach to nanoparticle production, while the antibacterial effects of copper oxide nanoparticles make them promising candidates for applications in the field of antimicrobial materials. The study involves the characterization of the synthesized nanoparticles and the evaluation of their antibacterial activity against common pathogenic bacteria. The results demonstrate the potential of green-synthesized copper oxide nanoparticles as effective antibacterial agents for various biomedical and environmental applications. The synthesis process is facile, cost-effective, and environmentally benign, offering an alternative to conventional chemical methods. The production of the copper nanoparticles through bio-reduction of copper ions by the Tulsi and neem leaf extract and their antibacterial test .Characterization techniques such as UV-Vis spectroscopy were employed to analysed the structural and morphological properties of the synthesized CuO nanoparticles. The results indicate the successful formation of CuO nanoparticles with distinct morphologies and crystalline structures. Furthermore, the potential applications of these green-synthesized CuO nanoparticles in various fields such as catalysis, electronics, and biomedicine are discussed, highlighting their promising prospects as sustainable nanomaterials. The nanoparticles was carried out by agar disc diffusion method against microorganism
An Intelligent System For Infant Incubator Using The IoMT
No full textGiving birth to a child is one of the most precious moments of life, a moment that brings immense joy and a profound sense of responsibility. The birth of a baby is a wondrous yet intricate process. Both mother and infant undergo a multitude of physical and emotional changes. Every second, a new life enters the world, but not all babies are fortunate enough to be born healthy. Newborns requiring special medical attention are typically admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). Most of the infants in the NICU are premature. The neonatal period is a critical phase in an infant\u27s life, particularly for premature babies or those born with health complications. Providing optimal care during this period is paramount to their well-being and long-term development. A neonatal incubator is a specialized enclosure where a premature infant will be kept in a clean and controlled environment for observation and care. The biological parameters are monitored to ensure the safety of the babies and reduce mortality rates. Traditional baby incubators have played a fundamental role in neonatal care by providing a controlled environment that supports the growth and stability of infants. Advancements in technology, however, present an opportunity to enhance the capabilities of these incubators, transforming them into smart systems capable of intelligent monitoring and intervention. The development of a smart baby incubator utilizes small sensors inside the incubator to keep track of important things like temperature, humidity, and oxygen levels, as well as sound sensors using IoMT. These sensors will send this information to a Microcontroller using the internet. Once the data arrives at the central computer, Python programs will analyse it. These programs will employ algorithms to analyze the data and determine if the baby\u27s environment is within normal parameters. The results will be shown to doctors and nurses on their computers or phones through easy-to-understand charts and graphs. By using Python and IoMT, we\u27re making it easier for healthcare providers to keep a close eye on babies in incubators, ensuring they stay safe and healthy during this critical period of their early lives
Effect Of Home Environment On Critical Thinking Of Students
No full textThe present study was designed to explore the association Home environment of students have with their Critical thinking among school students. The sample of the study comprised of male and female students studying in class X or high school students from schools in Prayagraj city. The objectives of the study were as follows: (1) To find out the aspects of critical thinking among high school students (2) To analyze the effect of home environment on critical thinking of high school students. High school students with high, moderate and low overall home environment differ from one another in Critical Thinking. Although there was a very little difference in mean of moderate and low, it can be interpreted that high home environment of high school students were found to be better in Critical Thinking, low and moderate home environment of high school students. Better the home environment provided by parents was associated with better Critical Thinking among especially in male students
A Detailed Analysis Of Marma Science With Emphasis On Urvi Marma In The Lower Extremity
No full textMarma is important vital points in Ayurveda, there are one hundred and seven Marmas, which may be divided into five Marma, like as Mamsa, Sira, Snayu, Asthi and Sandhi Marma. Injury to Marma point occur deformity, death or paralysis in the body. Marma points should be described in Sharira Sthan by Acharya Sushruta and Acharya Vaghabhatta. When it comes to surgical procedures, it is crucial to initially assess the precise location and dimension of the Marma point. Only then should the incision be carefully made to ensure that the specific Marma is not adversely impacted. The domain of Shalya Tantra encompasses about half of the knowledge related to Marma. The Marmas are the seats of Vayu, Soma and Tejas as compare to three fundamental qualities of Sattva, Rajas and Tamas. Among these one hundred and seven Marmas, Urvi Marma locates in each limb. In the lower limb, it is present in mid region of the thigh. Aim of our study is to understand anatomical structures and vitality present in the site of Urvi Marma. The Marma measures 1 Anguli in Pramana and is categorized as a Vaikalyakara Marma based on Parinam. Located at the center of the thigh, the Urvi Marma is identified. Other classification of Urvi Marma under the Sira Marma and Adhoshakhagat Marma. Injury to Urvi Marma leads to severe blood loss (Shonitakshaya) which is due course of time causes wasting of lower limb (Sakthishosh). Urvi Marma controls plasma and water metabolism, Kapha Dosha and water element in the body. Vitality of Urvi Marma is Vata, Rakta and Mamsa Dosha and Jala Mahabhuta. The components found at the location of the Urvi Marma include the femoral artery, femoral vein, saphenous nerve, adductor canal, nerve to vastus medialis, sartorius muscle and rectus femoris muscle
A Comparative Study Of Mathematical Knowledge Of Students Studying Mathematics Through Vedic And Non-Vedic Methods
No full textThis paper presents a comparative analysis of the mathematical knowledge of students who study mathematics through Vedic and non-Vedic methods. The study aims to investigate whether there is a significant difference in mathematical proficiency between students taught using these two methodologies. Additionally, the study explores whether there is any disparity in mathematical knowledge concerning gender. Two hypotheses were formulated to guide the research: 1) There exists no significant difference in mathematical knowledge of students studying math through Vedic and traditional methods, and
2) There exists no significant difference in mathematical knowledge with respect to gender. The study employed quantitative research methods to collect and analyze data from a sample of students enrolled in mathematics courses taught using either Vedic or non-Vedic methods. The findings of the study provide valuable insights into the effectiveness of different teaching approaches in enhancing mathematical proficiency and addressing gender disparities in mathematical achievemen
A Research On The Attitude Of The Pharmacist Towards Their Skilled Services In Delivering Pharmaceutical Care
No full textThe American Public Health Association (APHA) states that the traditional product-oriented tasks of dispensing and distributing medications and medical supplies are no longer the only responsibilities of the pharmacist. The current pharmacy professionals provide additional administrative, public health, and patient-focused services. Pharmacotherapy, access to care, and prevention services are just a few of the many aspects of public health that might profit from pharmacists\u27 special knowledge. Pharmacists have shown to be a reliable source of knowledge on health and medications in addition to delivering medication. The additional role includes medication order review, patients’ medication history interview, participating in ward rounds, adverse drug monitoring, drug interaction studies, Therapeutic drug monitoring, delivering medication information at the drug information and poison information Centre, Patient counselling regarding safe and rational use of drugs. The current study focused on the role of pharmacist to provide additional services in addition to dispensing of drugs.It was a Cross sectional prospective observational study conducted with the pharmacists working in Government hospitals, Primary Health Centers, Private hospitals and as well as Community Pharmacies. The study was conducted in five districts, by covering rural, urban and semi urban areas. All the pharmacists participated were personally assessed by conducting a direct interaction offline and online mode. This was performed to study the attitude of the pharmacists towards providing additional services to the patients apart from dispensing of drugs to provide better pharmaceutical care. It was done by using a validated questionnaire as the tool. All of them professionally participated in the assessments and fully supported the study. The study concluded that patient counselling plays a key role in pharmaceutical care by the pharmacist
An Evaluation Of Financial Performance Of Municipal Corporation In Himachal Pradesh With Special Reference To Shimla Municipal Corporation
No full textMunicipal corporations play an essential role in urban governance and development. They are responsible for the administration and management of city affairs, including the provision of essential services to citizens. The present paper focused on the financial performance, sources and growth rate of revenue and heads of expenditure of the Shimla Municipal Corporation. Municipal Corporation received revenue from source of tax revenue (property tax and show tax) and non-tax revenue (rental income, user fee and charges), transfer from upper tier of government and grants as recommended by state and central finance commission. In this case, the study makes an attempt to identify the sources of revenue and expenditure and analyses the trends in revenue and expenditure of Shimla Municipal Corporation for 7 years from 2013-2014 to 2019-2020. We concluded from the data of Shimla Municipal Corporation has been heavily reliant on higher levels of the government because its revenues are lower than its expenditure. This is a significant problem that municipal corporations face in managing their limited sources of revenue, which frequently leads to their dependence on the state and central finance commission
Reasons Of Non-Compliance To Replacement Schedule Of Contact Lenses And Its Effect On Ocular Health And Contact Lens Parameters.
No full textThis study looks at the causes of non-compliance to contact lens (CL) replacement schedules and analyses the effects on CL parameters and ocular health, as a result a thorough examination including surveys given to CL users and eye care practitioner (ECP), as well as clinical assessments given to CL users who do not comply. Findings show a considerable mismatch between suggested and actual replacement procedures, which can result in several ocular health problems. This study highlights that to reduce the hazards related to non-compliance, more patient education and adherence methods are required. The results emphasize the complexity of non-compliance, considering elements like expense, forgetfulness, and ignorance. To raise compliance rates and enhance the general state of ocular health, suggestions for practitioners and public health policies are addressed