Versants. Revista suiza de literaturas románicas
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Memorie della Mascheroniana di Vincenzo Monti nel Trionfo della Libertà di Alessandro Manzoni: una riflessione
Full text linkComposti a breve distanza l’una dall’altro, la Mascheroniana e il Trionfo della Libertà presentano numerose tangenze stilistiche, lessicali e tematiche, che tuttavia non implicano l’adesione da parte di Manzoni alle posizioni ideologiche del proprio modello, che è tale soltanto sul piano letterario. Il presente contributo offre un approfondimento sul rapporto tra i due poemetti confermando la straordinaria indipendenza di prospettiva del giovane Manzoni, nonché la sua originalità espressiva, già più volte rilevate dalla critica, che proprio i contatti testuali più stringenti contribuiscono a evidenziare.Composti a breve distanza l’una dall’altro, la Mascheroniana e il Trionfo della Libertà presentano numerose tangenze stilistiche, lessicali e tematiche, che tuttavia non implicano l’adesione da parte di Manzoni alle posizioni ideologiche del proprio modello, che è tale soltanto sul piano letterario. Il presente contributo offre un approfondimento sul rapporto tra i due poemetti confermando la straordinaria indipendenza di prospettiva del giovane Manzoni, nonché la sua originalità espressiva, già più volte rilevate dalla critica, che proprio i contatti testuali più stringenti contribuiscono a evidenziare
Roland Barthes para bien o para mal: visiones y conexiones de la crítica en Brasil, Argentina y Chile
Full text linkThis article proposes a comparative approach to the different views of Roland Barthes’ work in literary criticism in Brazil, Argentina, and Chile. Our objective is not only to describe the reception of the author but also to highlight the different academic contexts and dominant theoretical currents. Thus, it is possible to observe how in Brazil sociological criticism condemns Barthes, while other critics defend him as the savior of literature. In Argentina, on the other hand, Barthes serves as a reference for Marxist criticism and for the analysis of Argentine literature. In Chile, the structural analysis of narrative allows the critics to discuss literature again, in a context of dictatorship and censorship in the humanities field.
Keywords: Roland Barthes, Latin American Literary Criticism, Structuralism. El presente artículo propone un abordaje comparado de las diferentes visiones de la obra de Roland Barthes en la crítica literaria de Brasil, Argentina y Chile. Nuestro objetivo es, más que describir la recepción del autor, apuntar los contextos académicos diferentes y las corrientes teóricas dominantes. Así, vemos como en Brasil la crítica sociológica condena a Barthes, mientras otra crítica lo defiende como el salvador de la literatura, cómo en Argentina, por el contrario, sirve de referente para la crítica marxista y para el análisis de la literatura argentina y como en Chile, el análisis estructural del relato permite volver a discutir la literatura, en un contexto de dictadura y censura en el área de humanidades.
Palabras clave: Roland Barthes, Crítica literaria latinoamericana, estructuralismo
L’imagination et le vivant : une relation environnementale au siècle des Lumières
Full text linkAfter recalling the central role played by the imagination, in particular the romantic imagination, in the emergence of American ecocriticism and European ecopoetics, this article goes back to the last decades of the Enlightenment to analyse the way the imagination and the living are connected in a few French and Francophone discourses and theories. Based on a concise selection of medical treatises, philosophical essays and literary texts, in particular by Rousseau, it focuses on the transformations of a mechanistic imagination inherited from Descartes – a model which was particularly influential in the sciences of the 18th century, but which is problematic to think about the living – into a biocentric model which anchors the imagination in the fibers of the body and in a sensitive nature. According to this model, the imagination, as a hub of knowledge, is the instance par excellence of the relationship, because it inscribes the subject in its environment. From a perceived relationship to a relived relationship, from a heuristic relationship to an invented relationship, the imagination goes from a mechanical passivity to a generative activity that makes the experience of the world a knowledge of connections, invested with moral, social and political values. The Contemplation of Nature (1781) by Charles Bonnet also presents the imagination as an instance of critical reflexivity about the limits of human knowledge.
Keywords: ecocriticism, ecopoetics, imagination, romanticism, knowledge of the Enlightenment, Rousseau, Charles Bonnet.Après avoir rappelé la fonction centrale qu’a joué l’imagination, en particulier l’imagination romantique, dans l’émergence de l’écocritique américaine et de l’écopoétique européenne, je propose d’y contribuer en remontant aux dernières décennies des Lumières, pour suivre le fil des liens de l’imagination au vivant dans quelques théories et discours français et francophones. À partir d’un choix concis de traités médicaux, d’essais philosophiques et de textes littéraires, notamment de Rousseau, l’enjeu consiste à cerner les transformations d’une imagination mécaniste héritée de Descartes – modèle particulièrement influent dans les sciences du XVIIIe siècle, mais problématique pour penser le vivant – en un modèle biocentrique qui ancre l’imagination dans les fibres du corps et dans une nature sensible. Plaque tournante des savoirs, l’imagination y est conçue comme l’instance par excellence de la relation, parce qu’elle inscrit le sujet dans son environnement. D’une relation perçue à une relation revécue, d’une relation heuristique à une relation inventée, elle se renverse d’une passivité mécanique en une activité générative qui fait de l’expérience du monde une connaissance des connexions, investie de valeurs morales, sociales et politiques. Mais comme on le verra dans la Contemplation de la nature (1781) de Charles Bonnet, c’est aussi l’instance d’une réflexivité critique permettant de mesurer les limites du savoir humain.
Mots-clés : écocritique, écopoétique, imagination, romantisme, savoirs des Lumières, Rousseau, Charles Bonnet. 
Las tres orillas: nadar a contracorriente. África, Europa y América Latina
Full text linkIn these preliminary remarks, we have brought into dialogue the dozen authors who have entrusted us with their contributions. These analyse the circulations, flows and exchanges of people and ideas between one and the other side of the Atlantic over the course of the 20th century. The third axis of triangulation in all of them is France, a land of dreams or a land of welcome, to which one arrives with love; or Africa, a land of origin, from which men and women were uprooted to become tools of the colonial dream. What are the events and/or the structural elements of the histories –political and aesthetic– that need to be given more attention when we speak of transnational, transversal, transatlantic relations? What are the conceptual and historiographical categories that would allow us to better articulate these histories? These are some of questions underlying the structure of the present issue of Versants and our reading of it.
Keywords: Spain, Latin America, transatlantic, exile, migration, circulation, politics, aesthetics En estos preliminares hacemos dialogar a la docena de autorxs que nos confiaron sus contribuciones en las que analizan las circulaciones, los flujos, los intercambios de personas y de ideas entre un lado y otro del Atlántico a lo largo del siglo xx, siendo el tercer eje de triangulación de todas ellas, Francia, tierra de ensueño o de acogida, a la que se llega con amor; o África, tierra de origen, de la que hombres y mujeres se vieron arrancados, para convertirse en herramientas del sueño colonial. ¿Cuáles son los eventos y/ o los elementos estructurales de las historias –políticas y estéticas– a los que se tendría que prestar más atención cuando se habla de relaciones transnacionales, trasversales, transatlánticas? ¿Cuáles son las categorías conceptuales e historiográficas que permitirían articular mejor estas historias? He aquí algunos de los interrogantes alrededor de los cuales se estructura este número de Versants y nuestra lectura del número.
Palabras clave: España, América Latina, transatlántico, exilio, migración, circulación, política, estética 
Galaxias y archipiélagos de la modernidad. Octavio Paz, Haroldo de Campos y la literatura española contemporánea
Full text linkThis article traces the importance of two Latin American authors -Mexican Octavio Paz (Mexico DF, 1914-1998) and Brazilian Haroldo de Campos (São Paulo,1929-2003)- in the transformations of Spanish criticism and literature from thesecond half of the 1960s onwards, especially through their relationships with Julián Ríos (Vigo, 1941), Pere Gimferrer (Barcelona, 1945) and Andrés Sánchez Robayna (Gran Canaria, 1952). Bringing these three poles -Spain, Mexico and Brazil- into contact will make it possible to recognize some of the dynamics that crossed the literary life in the sixties and seventies, and to verify, incorporating other mediations, how they communicated at that time regions of knowledge that later, after those years of crisis, would become stagnant again.
Keywords: Octavio Paz, Haroldode Campos, contemporary Spanish literature, Andrés Sánchez Robayna, Julián Ríos, Pere Gimferrer. Este artículo rastrea la importancia de dos autores latinoamericanos –el mexicano Octavio Paz (México DF, 1914-1998) y el brasileño Haroldo de Campos (São Paulo, 1929-2003)– en las transformaciones de la crítica y la literatura española a partir de la segunda mitad de los años sesenta, especialmente a través de sus relaciones con Julián Ríos (Vigo, 1941), Pere Gimferrer (Barcelona, 1945) y Andrés Sánchez Robayna (Gran Canaria, 1952). Poner en contacto estos tres polos –España, México y Brasil– permitirá reconocer algunas dinámicas que atravesaron la vida literaria de los años sesenta y setenta, y constatar, incorporando otras mediaciones, cómo comunicaban en aquella época regiones del saber que posteriormente, y tras esos años de crisis, volverían a quedar estancas.
Palabras clave: Octavio Paz, Haroldo de Campos, literatura española contemporánea, Andrés Sánchez Robayna, Julián Ríos, Pere Gimferrer. 
«Due letture»? Il Williams di Cristina Campo e Vittorio Sereni
Full text linkCristina Campo and Vittorio Sereni, two stylistically and ideologically divergent authors who had already independently published two plaquettes of Williams’ versions, collaborated on the translation of the Poems, resulting in a single volume. The first part of this article reconstructs the dynamics of the editorial process, marked by two different ways of conceiving the aims and internal structure of the book, using the epistolary exchanges between the authors. In the second part, the contribution reflects on several salient linguistic and stylistic characteristics of Campo’s and Sereni’s translation practices, starting with the two versions of The Widow’s Lament in Springtime.
Keywords: Cristina Campo, Vittorio Sereni, William Carlos Williams, Einaudi, translation. Due autori stilisticamente e ideologicamente divergenti, che avevano già pubblicato in autonomia due plaquette di versioni da Williams, collaborano alla traduzione delle sue Poesie, dando vita ad un volume unico. Nella prima parte l’articolo ricostruisce, servendosi degli scambi epistolari, le dinamiche del processo editoriale, segnate da due modi di concepire le finalità e l’architettura interna del libro. Nella seconda riflette su alcuni aspetti linguistico-stilistici delle pratiche traduttive, a partire da un confronto delle due versioni di The Widow’s Lament in Springtime.
Parole chiave: Cristina Campo, Vittorio Sereni, William Carlos Williams, Einaudi, traduzione. 
Un’autodefinizione a due. Montale e la storia di una fotografia
Full text linkThe essay interprets a photograph of Irma Brandeis dated 1934, reconstructing its story and clarifying the complicated relationship between Montale and his beloved woman. The photo does not only “self-define” the poet, but also sheds light on his conflicting relationship. Even in the middle of a dramatic romantic crisis, one can recognize the ironic, mutual understanding between the two lovers, depicted through the literary and musical references in the photograph which reveal the hope of the two protagonists that not everything was lost.
Keywords: Montale, Irma Brandeis, Mozart, irony, mutual understanding. Questo saggio, che interpreta una fotografia di Irma Brandeis del 1934 e ne ricostruisce la storia, chiarifica anche i complessi rapporti che intercorsero tra Montale e la donna amata. La foto infatti non si limita ad “autodefinire” il poeta ma getta anche luce sulla sua contraddittoria situazione sentimentale. Pur nel dramma di una crisi amorosa, emerge così tra i due un’ironica complicità che si rivela nei riferimenti letterari e musicali lasciando trasparire la speranza che tutto non fosse ancora perduto.
Parole chiave: Montale, Irma Brandeis, Mozart, ironia, complicità. 
Más allá de la inmediatez de los sentidos: un acercamiento a la obra de Fernanda Melchor
Full text linkOur aim is to consider the first Fernanda Melchor’s publication, in particular Falsa liebre (2013), analysing the sensory saturation that characterises them. Her stylistic expression seems indissolubly linked to the appropiation of journalistic forms. Through transgenericity and intermediality, she also questions the links between fiction, chronicle, photography and movie.
Keywords: Fernanda Melchor, sensoriality, body, journalism, violence. Nos proponemos abordar los primeros textos publicados por Fernanda Melchor, en particular, la novela Falsa liebre (2013), a partir de la saturación sensorial que los caracteriza. Su expresión estilística parece indisociable de la apropiación de recursos periodísticos, mientras la novelista tematiza a su vez las relaciones transgenéricas e intermediales que establece entre ficción, crónica, fotografía y cine.
Palabras clave: Fernanda Melchor, sensorialidad, corporalidad, periodismo, violencia. 
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