Versants. Revista suiza de literaturas románicas
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En el vientre del Atlántico negro: el barco, la travesía y la memoria en la literatura latinoamericana contemporánea
Starting from the idea of a Black Atlantic (Gilroy 2014), this essay delves into the literary representations of the slave ship, the transatlantic crossing and the acts of (post)memory inscribed in a performance „1441-2018? / (VAE, 2021) and in three contemporary novels: Jonatás y Manuela by Luz Argentina Chiriboga (1994), La ceiba de la memoria, by Roberto Burgos Cantor (2009) and las Negras, by Yolanda Arroyo Pizarro (2012).
Keywords: Black Atlantic, slave ship, slavery, postmemory, communities of memory, slave narratives.Partiendo de la idea de un Atlántico negro (Gilroy 2014), este ensayo ahonda en las representaciones literarias del barco negrero, la travesía y los actos de (pos)memoria inscritos en un performance «1441-2018? / (VAE, 2021) y en tres novelas contemporáneas: Jonatás y Manuela de Luz Argentina Chiriboga (1994), La ceiba de la memoria, de Roberto Burgos Cantor (2009) y las Negras, de Yolanda Arroyo Pizarro (2012).
Palabras clave: Atlántico negro, barco negrero, esclavización, posmemoria, colectividades remembrantes, narrativa de esclavos. 
Avant-propos
Based on the study of literary and scientific works as well as travel accounts from the second half of the 18th century to the 19th century, this issue shows how the order of nature was conceived both within the framework of systematics and systemics. A holistic vision of the living prevails, according to which the unity of the living results from the relationships and interactions between all beings, thus bound together.
Keywords: animals, ecology, metaphor, metonymy, environment, order of nature, philosophy of nature, plants, unity. Ce numéro s’attache à montrer, à partir de l’étude d’oeuvres littéraires, de récits de voyages et d’ouvrages scientifiques, comment dans le second xviiie siècle et au xixe siècle, l’ordre de la nature se conçoit, concurremment au cadre des systématiques, dans celui d’une systémique ou du moins d’une vision holistique du vivant dont l’unité résulte des relations et des interactions qui lient les êtres qui la composent entre eux.
Mots-clés : animaux, écologie, métaphore, métonymie, milieu, ordre de la nature, philosophie de la nature, plantes, unité. 
Senancour écocritique : la conception pastorale
The relationship of man with nature is just as much a relationship of man with his nature. This is Étienne Pivert de Senancour’s (1770-1846) fundamental contribution to the studies of nature. He analyses the conversion from the human to the natural by identifying, though in a problematic way, the deviant paths of anthropization. His analysis identifies different elements pointing to a form of misguidance that makes sense, but also counter-sense: the illusion of a destination conceived as an indefinite extension, but also as a distortion and equal devaluation of man and nature. Senancour thus advocates a form of restoration of value, of a use value of nature, and a reassessment of the place and mission of mankind in what could be called a new pastoral conception.
Keywords: Senancour, nature, pastoral (life), romanticism, ecocriticism. Le rapport de l’homme avec la nature est tout autant un rapport de l’homme avec sa nature. C’est l’apport fondamental de la pensée de la nature chez Étienne Pivert de Senancour (1770-1846). L’auteur indique les chemins méthodiques d’une conversion de l’humain vers le naturel en identifiant de façon problématique les voies déviantes de l’anthropisation. Son analyse relève différentes directions qui dessinent une forme d’égarement qui font sens, mais aussi contre-sens : l’illusion d’une destination conçue comme extension indéfinie, mais aussi comme dénaturation et égale dévaluation de l’homme et de la nature. Face à cela, Senancour propose une forme de restauration de la valeur, d’une valeur d’usage de la nature, et une réévaluation de la place et de la mission de l’homme dans ce qu’on pourrait appeler une nouvelle conception pastorale.
Mots-clés : Senancour, nature, pastorale (vie), romantisme, écocritique. 
Premessa
This issue of Versants is devoted to the theme of literary and inter-artistic co-creation and collaboration in the Italian area. It collects essays exploring different types of collaboration over a wide chronological range, from the 15th to the 20th century.
Keywords: authorship, multiple authorship, co-creation, collaboration, interarts. Questo numero di Versants è dedicato al tema della co-creazione e della collaborazione letteraria e interartistica in area italiana. Sono raccolti nel fascicolo saggi che approfondiscono diverse tipologie collaborative in un ampio arco cronologico, dal XV al XX secolo.
Parole chiave: autorialità, autorialità plurima, co-creazione, collaborazione, collaborazione interartistica. 
Una scena da riscrivere insieme. Il Laboratorio di Prato (1976-78)
Twentieth-century European theatre witnessed an increasing interest in scenic design. Architects and designers collaborated with playwrights and directors with increasing frequency, which deeply impacted practices of dramatic writing. The Italian scene, however, was relatively late in following this trend that was rapidly developing elsewhere. Nevertheless, the Laboratorio di Progettazione Teatrale, which was active between 1976 and 1978 represented an outstanding experience with its interdisciplinary research group. While the project was formally led by Luca Ronconi, this article aims to highlight how the contribution of different skills, especially thanks to architect Gae Aulenti, is to be considered as relevant as direction work itself, both in the design of the group’s three productions and in the concept of the whole project.
Keywords: theatre, space, stage, audience, Luca Ronconi, Gae Aulenti. Il teatro del Novecento vede, in Europa, un aumento dell’interesse verso il disegno dello spazio scenico. I processi di collaborazione e co-creazione cominciano così a comprendere sempre più spesso – accanto a drammaturghi e registi – anche architetti e progettisti, che modificano profondamente le pratiche della scrittura scenica. Il panorama italiano tarda a rispondere a questo fermento che si diffonde oltre confine, ma si distingue in questo quadro il Laboratorio di Progettazione Teatrale attivo tra il 1976 e il 1978, che vede il coinvolgimento di un gruppo di ricerca interdisciplinare. Il progetto è guidato formalmente da Luca Ronconi ma l’articolo mette in luce come l’apporto di diverse competenze, e soprattutto dell’architetta Gae Aulenti, vada considerato ugualmente importante a quello della regia, sia in relazione ai tre spettacoli prodotti, che all’ideazione dell’intero progetto.
Parole chiave: teatro, spazio, scena, pubblico, Luca Ronconi, Gae Aulenti. 
Escrituras transnacionales del siglo XXI: exilios y migraciones en los ensayos de Roberto Bolaño
Unlike his fictional texts, Roberto Bolaño’s essays have not been sufficiently examined when it comes to the dialogue that they establish with national and/or Latin American literary traditions. Based on the themes of exile and migration, we propose to reflect on how he conceives that the Latin American author of the new Millennium could be in terms of his sense of belonging, as well as his different levels of displacement, not only spatial but also linguistic. In this sense, we will successively analyze his representation of the literary tradition territory in which the authors move (whether national or regional), to then affirm or question it. Finally, we will dwell on his particular conception of the author as an individual who relentlessly crosses borders, although this does not mean being forgetful of the tradition to which he belongs. On the contrary, he reinforces it through his inquisitive humor.
Keywords: essay, Latin America, 21st century, identity, transnationalism. A diferencia de sus textos ficcionales, los ensayos de Roberto Bolaño no han sido lo suficientemente analizados cuando se trata del diálogo que el chileno plantea en ellos con las tradiciones nacionales y/o latinoamericanas. A partir de la temática de los exilios y las migraciones, nos proponemos reflexionar en la manera cómo concibe al autor latinoamericano del nuevo milenio en función de sus pertenencias y los diferentes niveles de desplazamientos, no solo espaciales sino también lingüísticos. En este sentido, analizaremos sucesivamente la forma en que representa el territorio de la tradición literaria (nacional o regional), en el cual se desplazan los autores para después afirmarlo o cuestionarlo. Finalmente, nos detendremos en su particular concepción del autor como un individuo que sortea fronteras sin descanso, pese a que esto no signifique ser amnésico de la tradición a la que pertenece, sino que, por el contrario, la refuerza mediante el humor que cuestiona.
Palabras clave: ensayo, América Latina, siglo XXI, identidad, transnacionalismo. 
"Posboom" latinoamericano y transición democrática española: contrastes y correlaciones
Progress has been made in the knowledge of gestation and the impact of the boom of the Spanish-American narrative in Spain, but we know much less about the period immediately after the great upheaval, that is, the period after José Donoso’s symbolic essay, Historia personal del “boom”, published in 1972. Certainly, this post-boom (although the term is still very debatable) reflects a new stage of assimilation of Latin American literature by Spanish readers and institutions, based on the normalization of the offer and a more reasoned dissemination of the Latin American canon. However, the relations of forces within the literary system underwent in those years new modifications that still deserve a detailed study. For example, it would be interesting to see how the political vector marked years before by the Cuban Revolution is replaced, redefined or complemented by the Latin American pan-dictatorship of the Southern Cone, with the consequences it had in terms of exile of writers in Spain, and, therefore, a different presence in the media and cultural magazines. far from the utopian euphoria of the previous period and in full coincidence with the Spanish democratic transition.
Keywords: Latin American Boom, Posboom, Spanish Democratic Transition, New Latin American Narrative, Latin American Exile. Se ha avanzado notablemente en el conocimiento de la gestación y el impacto del boom de la narrativa hispanoamericana en España, pero sabemos bastante menos del periodo inmediatamente posterior a la gran convulsión, es decir, el periodo posterior al simbólico ensayo de José Donoso, Historia personal del “boom”, publicado en 1972. Ciertamente, este postboom (aunque el término siga siendo muy discutible) refleja una nueva etapa de asimilación de la literatura latinoamericana por parte de lectores e instituciones españolas, basada en la normalización de la oferta y una difusión más razonada del canon latinoamericano. Sin embargo, las relaciones de fuerzas dentro del sistema literario sufren en esos años nuevas modificaciones que merecen todavía un estudio detallado. Por ejemplo, sería interesante comprobar cómo el vector político marcado años antes por la Revolución cubana es sustituido, redefinido o complementado por la pandictadura latinoamericana del Cono Sur, con las consecuencias que esta tuvo en lo que se refiere a exilio de escritores en España, y, por tanto, a una presencia distinta en los medios de comunicación y en las revistas culturales, lejos de la euforia utópica del periodo anterior y en plena coincidencia con la Transición democrática española.
Palabras clave: Boom de la novela latinoamericana, Posboom, Transición democrática española, Nueva narrativa latinoamericana, exilio latinoamericano
« Quand les espèces se rencontrent » dans l’oeuvre de Victor Hugo
This article focuses on how Victor Hugo questions the relationship between humans and animals, considered as relational beings, in the fictional, theatrical and poetic work published during his lifetime. From a predominantly zoopoetic and stylistic perspective, and in a largely diachronic approach, it evaluates the place and the modalities of the denunciation of violence against animals, which it recaptures in the perspective of an incentive to rethink ethnozoological relationships by underlying the importance of a compassionate gaze. It also examines the possibility for animals to have the power to act in interspecific relationships.
Keywords: zoopoetics, animal, ecology, relationship, vulnerability. Cet article interroge les formes que prend, dans l’oeuvre de Victor Hugo, la réflexion sur les êtres vivants en tant qu’êtres de relation, à partir de l’analyse du traitement littéraire réservé – dans le cadre de l’œuvre romanesque, théâtrale et poétique publiée de son vivant –, aux relations entre les humains et les animaux. Dans une perspective à dominante zoopoétique et stylistique, et selon une démarche voulue largement diachronique, il évalue la place et les modalités de la dénonciation des violences faites aux bêtes, qu’il ressaisit dans la perspective d’une incitation à repenser les relations anthropozoologiques en les fondant sur le regard compassionnel. Il questionne enfin la place laissée à la puissance d’agir des bêtes dans la relation interspécifique.
Mots-clés : zoopoétique, animal, écologie, relation, vulnérabilité.