International Journal of Research and Engineering
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The level of stress among the relatives of clients admitted in intensive care unit
No full textThe impression is that the feeling of stress come from outside sources when , in reality, it happens inside of us. When we feel as though we are under pressure , our bodies react the same way that we have trained them to do with a rise in blood pressure, tightening of muscle and accelerated breathing. Some stress is unavoidable and is actually good for motivated behavior. But too much stress leads to troubles that can range from stomach to anxiety attacks and even as serious as heart attacks.Family members of ICU patients may experience stress, disorganization and helplessness, which may lead to anxiety. Untreated family stress may lead to lack of trust of healthcare providers, inability to company with hospital regulations and decisions, anger and hostility, and litigation. Situations that contribute to stress are lack of ICU waiting areas, lack of multidisciplinary meetings between nurses and physicians to discuss care and treatment, and lack of a quiet room for consultation with family members. Yates (2009) says that more than two thirds of family members visiting intensive care unit (ICU) patients have symptoms of anxiety or depression during the first days of hospitalization. Identifying determinants of these symptoms would help caregivers support families at patient discharge. The prevalence of symptoms of anxiety and depression remains high at the end of the ICU stay, whether the patient is well enough to be discharged or is near death. Delva et.al (2002) explores the needs and anxiety levels of relatives faced with the stress of a family member's critical care hospitalization in relation to the relatives' age, gender, educational level and type of kinship with the patient and in relationship to the characteristics of the admission and the Condit condition of the patient
Smart Locomotive Engine using GPS system
No full textRail tracking system (RTS) is an advanced method used to track and monitor any train equipped with a sensing unit that receives and transfers signals through GPS satellite. RTS is a combination of Global Positioning System (GPS) that provides actual geographic real time position of each train. The entire transmission mechanism of RTS setup depends on GPS satellite, a receiver on the train, a GSM system and controller based tracking for dispatch. The GSM communication system is generally the same as cellular phone network. In the existing system passenger cant able to identify the train location. In this project we are identifying the train speed, location and providing message via SMS by applying GPS technique. It is very useful to the passenger those who are sleeping while travelling. In case of emergency when passenger using emergency chain, we can also indicate that in which compartment the chain is pulled
A new method of neural network based fast fractal image compression
No full textFractal compression is a loss compression method for digital images, based on fractals. The method is best suited for textures and natural images, relying on the fact that parts of an image often resemble other parts of the same image. Fractal Image Compression (FIC) techniques take more time to perform processes are encoding and global search. Many different researchers and companies are trying to develop a new algorithm to reach shorter encoding time and smaller files. But there are still some problems with fractal compression. Fractal image compression is promising both theoretically and practically. The encoding speed of the traditional full search method is a key factor rendering the fractal image compression unsuitable for real-time application. The primary objective of this paper is to investigate the comprehensive coverage of the principles and techniques of fractal image compression. The experimental result shows that the application of the designed hybrid image compression method can increase the signal-to-noise ratio of an image while the high compression ratio of the image is guaranteed
Reduce Adverse Impact Of Fossil Fuel On Environment
No full textIndia is a country with more than 1.2 billion people accounting for more than 17% of world’s population. It is the seventh largest country in the world with total land area of 3,287,263 sq. kilometers. India measures 3214 km from north to south and 2993km from east to west. It has a land frontier of 15,200 km and coastline of 7,517 km. India has 28 states and 7 union territories .India is the fourth largest energy consumer in the world after the United States, China, and RussiaEnergy is vital for development and this means that if India is to move to a higher growth trajectory than is now feasible, it must ensure the reliable availability of energy. The present energy scenario in India is not satisfactory. The power supply position prevailing in the country is characterized by persistent shortages and unreliability and also high prices for industrial consumers. There is also concern about the position regarding petroleum products. India depends to the extent of 70-80 percent on imported oil, and this naturally raises issues about energy security. These concerns have been exacerbated by recent movements in international oil prices. Electricity is produced domestically but its supply depends upon the availability of coal, exploitation of hydro power sources and the scope for expanding nuclear power, and there are constraints affecting each source. A vibrant functioning society needs energy as its lifeline and the quantum of its use indicates the quality of life being experienced by its members. here is a great disparity in the energy use amongst different regions of the world and even for countries like India where the rural areas are bereft of the benefits of energy and where obtaining food and shelter is a daily challenge . India needs to bridge this divide as soon as possible and this is of paramount importance for any growth which should include all sections of societ
Secure Storage Optimization using Cloud
No full textAn increasing amount of data is being stored in cloud-based storage services and this trend is expected to grow in the coming years. Data de-duplication becomes more and more a necessity for cloud storage providers. Cloud storage services commonly use duplication, which is useful in storing only a unique file or block by eliminating duplicate copies of data. De-duplication is helpful in saving network bandwidth and storage space which is an advantage to the users or clients in cloud. The proposed scheme in this paper not only the reduces the cloud storage capacity but also improves the speed of data de-duplication. To protect confidentiality of sensitive data while supporting de-duplication the encryption technique has been proposed to encrypt the data before outsourcing
File Transfer in Matlab using FTP
No full textThe file transfer between persons can be accomplished by the use of E-Mails, social networks or other external devices such as pen drives, DVDs, CDs, memory cards, etc. The major problem with this kind of file transfer is insecurity. The password can be easily hacked by hackers. This problem can be overcome by use of File Transfer Protocol (FTP) in MATLAB. File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is a standard network protocol used to transfer Web page files from their creator to the computer that acts as their server for everyone on the Internet. It is also used to download programs and other files to your computer from other servers. This file transfer is made secure by the use of username and password which is same for all clients using MATLAB
Renewable Energy Sources Using Quasi-Z-Source Inverter With Distribution Level Power-Quality Improvement
No full textQuasi-Z-source inverters (QZSI) acquire all the advantages of traditional Z source inverter. The impedance network couples the source and the inverter to achieve voltage boost and inversion in a single stage. By using this new topology, the inverter draws a constant current from the PV array and is capable of handling a wide input voltage range. It also features lower component ratings, reduces switching ripples to the PV panels, causes less EMI problems and reduced source stress compared to the traditional ZSI. The quasi-Z-source inverter (QZSI) is a single stage power converter derived from the Z-source inverter topology, employing an impedance network which couples the source and the inverter to achieve voltage boost and inversion. A new carrier based pulse width modulation (PWM) strategy for the (QZSI) which gives a significantly high voltage gain compared to the traditional PWM techniques is implemented. This technique employs sine wave as both carrier and reference signal, with which the simple boost control for the shoot-through states is integrated to obtain an output voltage boost. The conventional triangular wave carrier used in simple boost control technique is replaced by sine wave, which improves the shoot-through duty ratio for a given modulation index. The conventional perturb and observe maximum power point tracking algorithm is modified for QZSI and used along with the PWM technique for tracking the maximum power from PV. All the simulations are done using MATLAB. Hardware implementation and Microcontroller programming are done in the lab. All of these functions may be accomplished either individually or simultaneously. The combination of grid-interfacing inverter and the 3-phase linear/non-linear unbalanced load at point of common coupling appears as balanced linear load to the grid. This new control concept is demonstrated with extensive MATLAB/Simulink simulation studies and validated through digital signal processor-based laboratory experimental results
Sensorless Control of BLDC Motor using a Hysteresis Comparator and Back EMF technique
No full textThis paper describes the brushless dc (BLDC) motor sensorless control system for hydraulic oil pump. The sensorless techniques that are based on a hysteresis comparator the basic implementation of hysteresis current control is based on deriving the switching signals from the comparison of the current and voltage method with a high starting torque are suggested. The hysteresis comparator is used to compensate for the phase delay of the back EMFs. The concept of the application is that of a drive using Back-EMF Zero Crossing technique for position detection. It prevent multiple output transitions from noise or ripple in the terminal voltages. The rotor position is aligned at standstill for maximum starting torque. Also, the stator current can be easily adjusted by modulating the pulse width of the switching devices during alignment. Some experiments are implemented on a single chip PIC controller to demonstrate the feasibility of the suggested sensorless and start-up techniques. Index Terms-Brushless dc (BLDC) motor, hysteresis comparator, sensorless control, start-up technique
PowerControl Analysis of Hybrid Microgrid
No full textThis paper proposes a method of Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) of solar array and a new control method of transferring this MPPT power to the inverter side ensuring the DC voltage stability by using the concept of Space Vector Modeling (SVM) with the assistance of Adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference systems (ANFIS). This technique obtains stable voltage by giving triggering pulse to output power in the inverter. The dissertation also proposes a new coordinated control method for voltage and frequency regulation as well as active and reactive power control of Hybrid Microgrid with solar PV system and wind mill. The speed control of PMSG is made through Pitch and Yaw control of wind turbine. The control of active and reactive power is made through injecting power from grid by storing excess power when available. The voltage frequency regulation is proposed through regulating power from battery by applying triggering pulse. By the combined action of SVM and frequency regulation, amplitude and phase angle are also controlled in the Microgrid. Through the coordinated control of active and reactive power and Voltage-frequency regulation power reliability can be improved and the synchronization of power is also made possible when connected to distribution utility system
A study: Identifying the transformation of the embedded systems industry
No full textIn this study Industry Developments and Models study centres on identifying the transformation of the embedded systems industry, including providing context around the market's size and forecast, and indentifying key attributes that companies must address in order to capture the growth of the market. This study also introduces the new category name of Intelligent Systems to help describe the future of embedded systems. For over a decade IDC's semiconductor team has been advising and researching the embedded marketplace. This research and analysis is based on IDC's Embedded Microprocessor Market Model, which tracks opportunities for systems based on embedded microprocessors (eMPUs) in 168 end-markets. This model does not include microcontroller (MCU) or Digital signal processor (DSP) based products